PID controller design Research Papers (original) (raw)

In this paper a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) test platform is used to design a flight stabilization system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Controllers are first designed and tested separately for lateral and longitudinal axes using numerical simulations, and later these controllers are merged on the HIL platform. It is observed that the resulting controller successfully stabilizes the aircraft to achieve straight and level flight.

- by
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- MIMO Systems, UAV and Aircraft control, Hardware-In-the-Loop, PID controller design

Conventional mechanism (i.e. rigid link mechanisms) has limited accuracy and repeatability because of friction, backlash. Mechanism offers a relative motion between rigid links via joints. Conventionally these joints are pin, sliding, rolling, liquid film etc. These joints have inherent nonlinear frictional characteristics which are creating difficulty in control micro-nano positioning in precision mechanisms. To achieve high resolution and precision problems of friction, backlash in mechanism needs to be removed. These joints are replaced by flexible elements such as flexural hinge, flexural links which offers advantage of frictionless and smooth motion. Flexural mechanisms are developed using basic building blocks such as hinges and planar type. Flexural building blocks should be such that it offers lesser / zero resistance to motion in desired direction and maximum / infinite resistance in orthogonal direction. Motion generated in orthogonal direction is called parasitic motion. Double Flexural Manipulator (DFM) is a planar type building block which offers theoretically zero parasitic error motion with negligible amount of rotation of motion stage. This article presents design, development, system integration, system identification and PID control implementation on DFM. Developed flexural stage is integrated with desktop PC via dSPACE micro-controller. System identification (Static and Dynamic) is carried out and performance parameters such as stiffness, natural frequency, damping characteristics and frequency characterization of DFM are estimated and validated via due experimentations. Estimated transfer function of DFM is further used for development of control system, and PID control parameters are tuned. Real time PID implementation gives a position accuracy of few microns at high scanning speed of 2.5 mm/s.

- by Kavidas Mate
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- System Identification, Mechatronics, Control Systems, Finite Element Analysis (FEA)

Electro-Mechanical Actuator (EMA) is the key component in the guidance systems of missiles to convert electrical power into mechanical power. EMAs have shown significant improvement in response times and are more reliable compared to other actuators. This paper proposes a Simulink model for linear electromechanical actuator which is very efficient and can withstand noise and disturbances. Electromechanical actuators are mechanical actuators where the control handle has been supplanted by an electric motor. This model is subjected to sudden loads and disturbances and the precise actuation is obtained within the specified settling time. The model is also subjected to nonlinearities and the results were found out to be competent.

- by Siddharth Ram Mantri and +1
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- Control Systems Engineering, VLSI and Circuit Design, Missile defence, PID controller design

In recent years, rapid economic development has increased the ownership of cars and as result road accidents have grown rapidly. However, autonomous cars can reduce roads accidents effectively by maintaining a safety distance from the vehicle ahead. The core of such vehicles are sensors, which provide information about cars surrounding, as well as control systems that employ sensor input to adjust driving parameters. The main purpose of this paper is designing and implementation of reversing sensor and control system for an autonomous model car. The operational principle behind the design is to have a flashing LED, the light of which is reflected back from a close proximity object into a photodiode. The signal detected from the photodiode is fed via signal conditioning electronics, which includes circuits for current to voltage converter, signal amplification and filtering, into a digital PID controller to control the speed of the vehicle. Multisim and Matlab simulations were perfor...

- by Younis Dawood
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- Autonomous Vehicles, PID controller design, digital PID controller, Pid Controller

Design a nonlinear controller for second order nonlinear uncertain dynamical systems (e.g., Internal Combustion Engine) is one of the most important challenging works. This paper focuses on the design of a robust backstepping adaptive feedback linearization controller (FLC) for internal combustion (IC) engine in presence of uncertainties. In order to provide high performance nonlinear methodology, feedback linearization controller is selected. Pure feedback linearization controller can be used to control of partly unknown nonlinear dynamic parameters of IC engine. In order to solve the uncertain nonlinear dynamic parameters, implement easily and avoid mathematical model base controller, Mamdani’s performance/error-based fuzzy logic methodology with two inputs and one output and 49 rules is applied to pure feedback linearization controller. The results demonstrate that the error-based fuzzy feedback linearization controller is a model-free controllers which works well in certain and partly uncertain system. Pure feedback linearization controller and error-based feedback linearization like controller with have difficulty in handling unstructured model uncertainties. To solve this problem applied backstepping-based tuning method to error-based fuzzy feedback linearization controller for adjusting the feedback linearization controller gain ( ). This controller has acceptable performance in presence of uncertainty (e.g., overshoot=1%, rise time=0.48 second, steady state error = 1.3e-9 and RMS error=1.8e-11).

- by FARZIN PILTAN and +1
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- Electrical Engineering, Robotics, Control Systems Engineering, Artificial Intelligence

A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform for unmanned air vehicle (UAV) systems is de-signed that demonstrates flight attitudes on yaw, pitch and roll axes. The design combines a sophis-ticated flight simulation software with a platform capable of moving 360 degrees on all axes. This enables the testing of the flight sensors and autopilot algorithms for all sorts of scenarios including emergency and acrobatic cases where an indefinite number of full rotations in the yaw, roll and pitch might take place.

More than 95% of the industrial controllers in use today are PID or modified PID controllers. However, the PID is manually tuning to be responsive so that the Process Variable is rapidly and steady moved to track the set point with minimize overshoot and stable output. The paper presents generic teal-time PID controller architecture. The developed architecture is based on the adaption of each of the three controller parameters (PID) to be self-learning using individual least mean square algorithm (LMS). The adaptive PID is verified and compared with the classical PID. The rapid realization of the adaptive PID architecture allows the readily fabrication into a hardware version either ASIC or reconfigurable. Introduction: Currently, most of the control system applications are utilizing PID controllers or modified PID controllers [1]. The most important industrial applications of PID controller are in power control, the loss power in wireless communication is sensitive problem need to be solve, therefore a real-time self-tuned controller developed. The control parameters (P, I and D) are adjustable according to the system requirements. The benefits of power control that in communication link used to send and receive signal in high power to increase SNR and decrease BER in link. In wireless communication used to decrease fading in signal. The traditional PID controller most utilize because their good performance in a widely range of operating conditions and can be operated in a simple, straightforward manner using PID tuning (manual PID tuning) [2]. The contribution of this paper is the creation of digital adaptive PID controller that is efficiently operated in real time to produce an optimum response and may be readily fabricated into a generic architecture.

- by Marian Blachuta and +2
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- Nonlinear dynamics, UAV and Aircraft control, PID controller design, Aircraft flight control systems

Ramadhani Ichlasul Amal : Rekayasa Teknologi Instrumentasi ITS LATAR BELAKANG 1.1 Latar Belakang Seiring berkembangnya ilmu teknik elektronika mikro atau elektronika berbasis pemrograman. Yang mana dapat diterapkan pada kehidupan sehari-hari maka akan membantu efisiensi tenaga pada manusia atau meringankan suatu pekerjaan. Ditambah lagi dengan adanya ilmu tentang pengendalian atau control engineering pada suatu sistem kendali. Maka dapat diterapkan juga pada suatu proses pada kehidupan sehari-hari atau bidang tertentu. Pada artikel ini dibahas tentang sistem pengendalian otomatis pada sistem penyiraman otomatis berbasis arduino mega 2560. Dikarenakan adanya perbedaan tingkat kelembaban pada tanaman, maka seharusnya penyiraman dilakukan dengan takaran tertentu. Namun dalam percobaan kali ini menggunakan small land atau lahan kecil dengan multi jenis tanaman. Pada lahan ini terdapat kangkung, cabe, dan tomat. Namun menurut sebuah situs Amerika Serikat yang bernama www.acurite.com dikatakan 'All vegetables require soil moisture between 41%-80%'. Jadi dapat diartikan bahwa setiap sayuran membutuhkan kelembaban tanah antara 41%-80%. Jadi dengan adanya pemodelan pengendalian pada alat penyiraman otomatis ini diharapkan memenuhi syarat kelembaban tanah yang telah dijelaskan. Begitu juga dengan adanya perubahan temperatur dan kelembapan tanah yang disebabkan oleh cuaca dapat mempengaruhi nilai kelembapan tanah pada lahan penanaman sewaktu-waktu. Maka dari itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang Real-Time atau selalu stand by setiap saat. 1.2 Rumusan Masalah 1. Bagaimana menciptakan sebuah sistem penyiraman yang terotomatisasi ? 2. Bagaimana memodelkan sebuah sistem yang tepat dan stabil untuk sebuah sistem kendali ? 3. Bagaimana mengetahui hasil perbedaan metode tuning PID pada metode tuning PID Ziegler-Nichols dengan analisa kestabilan dan menentukan metode tuning PID mana yang cocok untuk sistem. 4. Bagaimana cara mengetahui hasil respon waktu dan frekuensi dari sebuah sistem ? 1.3 Tujuan Percobaan dan Penulisan

- by Ramadhani Ichlasul
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- Control Systems Engineering, Process Control, Microcontrollers, Arduino
- by Saman Rahbar
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- Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy Logic, Reef Back-stepping, PID controller design
- by Pintoo Singh
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- PID controller design

In this paper, a Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID) controller that facilitates track maneuvering for self-driving cars is proposed. Three different design approaches are used to find and tune the controller hyper-parameters. One of them is "WAF-Tune", which is an ad hoc trial-and-error based technique that is specifically proposed in this paper for this specific application. The proposed controller uses only the Cross-Track-Error (CTE) as an input to the controller, whereas the output is the steering command. Extensive simulation studies in complex tracks with many sharp turns have been carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller at different speeds. The analysis shows that the proposed technique outperforms the other ones. The usefulness and the shortcomings of the proposed tuning mechanism are also discussed in details.

- by Wael Farag
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- Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous Vehicles, PID controller design, Vehicle Tracking

Abstract: We investigate another point of view to perform a new controller named Relax
controller (RelaxC). It allows to control nearly all kinds of problems: pure integrator, constraints
on the control and state of the system, non minimal phase, small and large dead-time, SISO or
MIMO systems and unstable processes. All this, without knowing exactly the structure of the
system to be controlled: just with one classic and physical parameter. This new methodology
seems to federate or explain a numerous controller design methods. When RelaxC works in
degraded operating mode we obtain a well-balanced RelaxCPID. RelaxC is also a mathematics
methodology that allows to compute all the family of PIDn that we want.

The minimum rule base Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Fuzzy Computed Torque Controller with application to spherical motor is presented in this research. The popularity of PID Fuzzy Computed Torque Controller can be attributed to their robust performance in a wide range of operating conditions and partly to their functional simplicity. PID methodology has three inputs and if any input is described with seven linguistic values, and any rule has three conditions we will need 343 rules. It is too much work to write 343 rules and have lots of problem to design embedded control system e.g., Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). In this research the PID-like fuzzy controller can be constructed as a parallel structure of a PD-like fuzzy controller and a conventional PI controller to have the minimum rule base and acceptable trajectory follow disturbance to control of spherical motor. However computed torque controller is work based on cancelling decoupling and nonlinear terms of dynamic parameters for each direction of three degree of freedom spherical motor, this controller is work based on motor dynamic model and this technique is highly sensitive to the knowledge of all parameters of nonlinear spherical motor‟s dynamic equation. This research is used to reduce or eliminate the computed torque controller problem based on minimum rule base fuzzy logic theory to control of three degrees of freedom spherical motor system and testing of the quality of process control in the simulation environment of MATLAB/SIMULINK Simulator.
Index Term—PID

- by FARZIN PILTAN and +1
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- Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Robotics, Control Systems Engineering

In this paper, the derivation of dynamic model of a robot arm on a two wheeled moving platform, and design of controllers to stabilize the robot arm are presented. The modeling of two wheeled moving platform is conducted through Simmechanics® toolbox of Matlab® software. Considered control approaches are PID control and linear quadratic gaussian (LGQ) for the dynamic system. The controllers are designed by using linearized model devised from Simmechanics®. Simulation studies are discussed. Control approaches are compared in detail in terms of tracking precision, quality of control signal. The aims of this study are derivation of linearized model for designing controllers, and determining the most appropriate controller for the real time system.

- by Coşku Kasnakoğlu
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- Engineering, Mobile Robotics, Mathematical Modelling, PID controller design

This paper presents a new optimization algorithm
based on human society’s intelligent contests. FIFA
World Cup is an international association football competition
competed by the senior men’s national teams. This
contest is one of the most significant competitions among
the humans in which people/teams try hard to overcome the
others to earn the victory. In this competition there is only
one winner which has the best position rather than the others.
This paper introduces a new technique for optimization
of mathematic functions based on FIFA World Cup competitions.
The main difficulty of the optimization problems
is that each type of them can be interpreted in a specific
manner. World Cup Optimization (WCO) algorithm has a
number of parameters to solve any type of problems due to
defined parameters. For analyzing the system performance,
it is applied on some benchmark functions. It is also applied
on an optimal control problem as a practical case study to
find the optimal parameters of PID controller with considering
to the nominal operating points (Kg, Tg) changes of
the AVR system. The main objective of the proposed system
is to minimize the steady-state error and also to improve
the transient response of the AVR system by optimal PID
controller. Optimal values of the PID controller which are
achieved byWCOalgorithm are then compared with particle
swarm optimization and imperialist competitive algorithm in
different situations. Finally for illustrating the system capability against the disturbance, it is applied on a generator with
disturbance on it and the results are compared by the other
algorithms. The simulation results show the excellence of
WCO algorithm performance into the nature base and other
competitive algorithms.

Um sistema calha e bola e um sistema nao linear de segunda ordem, instavel em malha aberta, possuindo dois integradores puros. Tal sistema de controle e amplamente utilizado para teste e avaliacao de diversas estrategias de controle. A modelagem e estabilizacao de um sistema calha e bola por um controlador PID foram executados. Simulacoes e resultados experimentais que demonstram o comportamento dinamico do sistema revela a efetividade de controladores PID para sistemas puros de segunda ordem.

- by Marco Túlio Souza and +1
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- Control Engineering, Automatic Control, PID controller design

— Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) are safety and control devices implemented in ground vehicles that prevent the wheel lock-up during panic braking. The existing ABS controls have the ability to regulate the level of pressure to optimally maintain the wheel slip within the vehicle stability range. However, the ABS shows strong nonlinear characteristics in which the vehicles equipped with the existing controllers can still have a tendency to oversteer and become unstable. In this paper, a new intelligent robust control method based on an active force control (AFC) strategy is proposed via a rigorous simulation study. It is designed and implemented in a hybrid form by having the AFC loop associated with an iterative learning (IL) algorithm cascaded in series with a self-tuning fuzzy logic (FL)-based proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control for the effective overall performance of the proposed ABS. Both the IL and FL techniques are for the appropriate acquisition and computation of the important parameters in the controller. From the results, it is evident that the FL-PID with ILAFC scheme shows faster and better response compared to the FL-PID and FL-PID+AFC controllers in the wake of the given load and operating conditions. The incorporation of the AFC-based scheme into the ABS serves to provide an enhanced and robust performance that has the potentials to be implemented in a practical and real-time system.

- by Mohammed H . Al-Mola
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- Fuzzy Logic, Iterative Methods, Intelligent Control, Fuzzy Control
- by Allen Hu
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- PID controller design

This paper explains the implementation of a small-signal model for a new five-level series resonant inverter structure. The proposed circuit combines the advantages of multilevel inverters and the characteristics of the physical phenomena, resonance. The small-signal model offers the possibility to design a linearized linear time-invariant (LTI) model around an equilibrium point based on the first-order Taylor series. After that, the performance of the proposed five-level series resonant inverter and its small-signal model are evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Compared with a MATLAB model generated using the system identification toolbox, the developed small-signal model exhibited a good accuracy in frequency and time domains. In addition, a hardware test bench is developed to validate the proposed model. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed multilevel resonant inverter is very interesting for high-voltage high-frequency applications. As a perspective, from the results obtained, we suggest the use of small-signal AC analysis for multilevel series resonant inverter modeling. The paper contains rich information on the recently used tools for dynamic systems modeling and analysis of nonlinear processes that can be applied to modeling and analyzing other power electronics inverters.

Mainly the DC motors are employed in most of the application. The main objective is to Regulate the DC motor system. A motor which displays the appearances of a DC motor but there is no commutator and brushes is called as brushless DC motor. These motors are widespread to their compensations than other motors in relationships of dependability, sound, efficiency, preliminary torque and longevity. To achieve the operation more reliable and less noisy, brushless dc motors are employed. In the proposed work, dissimilar methods of speed control are analysed. In real time submission of speed control of BLDC motor, numerous strategies are executed for the speed control singularity. The modified approaches are the employment of PI controller, use of PID controller and proposed current controller.

- by PRANJUL DUBEY
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- Computer Science, PID controller design, Pid Controller, BLDC Motor

Model based control design has been gaining popularity in the control research
community. In this research we tackle the problem of multivariable control design for
the coordinated actuation of the VGT-EGR system. A mean value model of a Diesel
engine for automotive application is developed. The model is developed based on a
combination of physics based first principles and empirical formulations. Essential
subsystems like the variable geometry turbocharger and the intercooler and the EGR
cooler are included in the model. It is shown that the presence of exhaust gas
recirculation introduces a substantial degree of subsystem coupling. The effect of sharp
fueling transients is also discussed. Control design is further complicated by the highly
nonlinear nature of the plant and its nonminimum phase type behavior. Results of the
detailed analysis of both the open loop and closed loop plant behavior under these
interacting influences are presented.
Control design is based on a reduced order model and is carried out in stages.
The control objective is to achieve desired EGR and airflow rates into the engine. In the
first stage single input control is designed for the EGR under the assumption that the
other control inputs, fuel command and VGT, are available in an ideal manner from an
external controller, this process is then reversed for control design of the VGT. In the
second stage a multivariable controller for VGT-EGR is designed.
iii
Results of closed loop performance of the plant suggest that better regulation of the
desired flow rates can be achieved under the influence of a coordinated control action. A
substantial improvement in the transient performance is observed with multivariable
control.
Control design is carried out in the Sliding Mode framework. An in depth
analysis for the selection of the sliding surfaces based on an understanding of the
essential dynamics of the system is presented. For the multivariable control design we
extended the input output linearization technique to the Sliding Mode framework.

The paper deals with a class of plug-in type repetitive controllers intended for servo systems which follow periodic reference signals or compensate periodic exogenous disturbances. Proportional-integral (PI) feedback controller is complemented by an internal model of a generic periodic signal aiming at perfect asymptotic tracking or disturbance rejection. A novel design method is proposed allowing a simultaneous tuning of the PI controller and the repetitive control part. The design requirements can be formulated in the frequency domain as proper loop-shaping inequalities defining constraints on important closed-loop sensitivity functions. These constraints are translated directly into the parametric plane of the controller allowing to derive a complete set of admissible controllers. The proposed method is demonstrated in a case study of a flexible motion system.

- by Martin Goubej
- •
- Robotics, Control Systems Engineering, Motion control, Control Systems

This paper presents an intelligent control technique for the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of a photovoltaic (PV) system using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) under variable solar irradiation conditions. The MXS 60 PV Module specifications is considered for the analysis and models of solar PV module and a DC/DC Boost converter are developed in MATLA/SIMULINK environment. Initially, an MPPT controller is designed using Perturb and Observe (P&O) method. However, this conventional method cannot track rapid changes in the solar irradiation effectively. Hence, an intelligent controller is designed using ANFIS which draws much energy and fast response under continuously changing operating conditions. The PV module with proposed MPPT controller is analyzed in stand-alone mode. The major disadvantage with PV system is its uncertain and intermittent power output which depends on weather conditions. PV module alone cannot supply reliable power to the isolated load effectively. To overcome this, PV module can be connected to the grid. It serves two purposes; in case of deficit solar irradiation, power can be taken from the grid and when there is surplus irradiation, power can be fed to the grid. In order to predict the power supplied to the load and grid under different operating conditions sensitivity analysis has been carried out for the PV system with designed MPPT controller is simulated using HOMER Pro Software.

The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are the most popular controllers used in industry because of their remarkable effectiveness, simplicity of implementation and broad applicability. However, manual tuning of these controllers is time consuming, tedious and generally lead to poor performance. This tuning which is application specific also deteriorates with time as a result of plant parameter changes. This paper presents an artificial intelligence (AI) method of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for
tuning the optimal proportional-integral derivative (PID) controller parameters for industrial processes.This approach has superior features, including easy implementation, stable convergence characteristic and good computational efficiency over the conventional methods. Ziegler- Nichols, tuning method was applied in the PID tuning and results were compared with the PSO-Based PID for optimum control. Simulation results are presented to show that the PSO-Based optimized PID controller is capable of providing an improved closed-loop performance over the Ziegler- Nichols tuned PID controller Parameters. Compared to the heuristic PID tuning method of Ziegler-Nichols, the proposed method was more efficient in improving the step response characteristics such as, reducing the steady-states error; rise time, settling
time and maximum overshoot in speed control of DC motor.

This paper proposes a 4WAS (4 Wheel Active Steer) system assists drivers by automatically controlling the steering angle of a vehicle's four wheels according to speed. By controlling the steering angle of all four wheels, this active steering system helps improve stability and response at high speed and helps reduce driver's steering workload at low speed. The study compared the operation of the system with and without PID controller. Computer simulations demonstrate good maneuverability of the proposed system.

- by Manh Nguyen
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- PID controller design, Stiffness, Four Wheel Steering (4WS)

A theoretical study on the F-16 will be presented in this project. The study will involve several stages, a development of the linear and non-linear mathematical model will be evaluated using certain assumptions, and accordingly an autopilot will be designed considering different cases and assuming whole state measurements; using the SimuLink software to measure the performance of the autopilot, then a linear controller will be added to achieve the desired performance. From the results achieved a conclusion, and future recommendation will be presented.

In this paper, a small signal model for the boost converter is obtained. Two digital controllers using pole placement technique and Linear Quadratic Optimal Regulator (LQR) methods are designed and applied to the boost converter. The compensated system's operations and analysis are discussed and verified through MATLAB/Simulink simulation. Comparison between the two controllers related to the design methodology, implementation issues and transient measured performance is carried out.

- by Mohammed Alkrunz
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- PID controller design, LQR Control, Dc-Dc Boost Converter

This paper proposes the design and experimentation of digital control of soft-switched interleaved boost converter using FPGA for Telecommunication System. The switching devices in the proposed converter are turned on and off with Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) respectively. The circuit is operated in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) with various load ranges having duty cycle of more than 50%. The proposed converter is studied by developing the simulation module in MATLAB/SIMULINK. A PI controller is designed and implemented in FPGA to obtain a regulated DC output for line and load variations. Simulation and experimentation results are verified with a prototype development of the proposed converter. The results indicate that the converter performance is enhanced with closed loop control.

Bu çalışmada, sınırlı akım döngülü çift çevrim destekli PID denetleyici ile sürekli mıknatıslı doğru akım (SMDA) motor kontrolü gerçekleştirilmiştir. Doğru akım (DA) motor modeli MATLAB/Simulink kullanılarak ortaya koyulmuştur. Önerilen sistem denetim mekanizmasının benzetimi MATLAB/ Simulink/SimPowerSystems yazılımı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistemin dinamik performansı, sabit hız referansı ve değişken hız referans yolu için gözlemlenmiştir.

- by emre ozkop
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- PID controller design, DC motors, Pid Controller, brushless DC motors
- by Il Jae Woo
- •
- Control Systems Engineering, Control, Motor Control, Control Systems

El presente trabajo ha sido pensado como proyecto
final de la carrera de ingeniería electrónica. En él se relacionan
modelos de software con un Controlador Lógico Programable
(“Programmable Logic Controller”, PLC) por medio de un
servidor que utiliza un Marco para la Vinculación y el Embebido
de Objetos (“Object Linking and Embedding”, OLE) específico
para el control de procesos (“OLE for Process Control”, OPC).
Dicho servidor OPC oficia como una vía para el intercambio de
datos entre diversos modelos de plantas simuladas con MatLab y
los bloques de control de lazos Proporcional Integral y Derivativo
(“Proportional Integral Derivative”, PID) implementados en el
software estándar para programación de autómatas Siemens
Step7.
Palabras clave—PLC; OPC server; Matlab.

- by Ignacio Waldman
- •
- PLC Automation, Matlab Programming, PID controller design, OPC

Internet-connected technologies have become mainstays of the modern household. From Internet of Things (IoT) connected coffee makers to sophisticated adaptive climate control systems, inexpensive wireless technology and the popularity of voice-activated digital assistants have enabled a wide variety of connected technology. Most of this technology remains closed source. However, many popular connected technologies such as Nest or ecoBee rely on closed source protocols and private cloud backends. What happens to the hardware when these companies go out of business or shut down older services? VueZone shut down its services leaving owners with severely crippled IoT cameras. This paper focuses on building a proof of the concept of open source IoT-connected garage real time controller (GarageRTC). It presents the features, design, and implementation of a reference architecture built on an ESP32 microcontroller and free real-time operating system (FreeRTOS). The results show that the GarageRTC meets most of the performance and design requirements as identified in the concept and requirements phase. The system is more than capable of proving responsive interactivity with a residential garage door system. Moreover, benchmarking-functionally-the system against other commercial offerings enables it-due to its platform flexibility-to outperform its commercial counterparts.

The inverted pendulum system is highly
nonlinear and open-loop system. The controller
design for such a system is challenging task that’s
why the inverted pendulum system is a classical
benchmark for design, testing, evaluating and
comparing of different classical and contemporary
control techniques. In this paper the focus is made
on the Conventional Control, i.e. Proportional
Integral Derivative (PID) Controller, Linear
Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Sliding Mode
Controller (SMC). LQR and PID controller which
are generally used for control of linear dynamical
system have been used in this thesis to control
the nonlinear inverted pendulum-cart dynamic
system. SMC controller which is mostly used for
nonlinear system is used here to control the
nonlinear inverted pendulum-cart dynamics to
compare the performance of the three controllers.

- by IJEETE Journals
- •
- PID controller design

Minidrones are widely used as they are not only fast quadcopters with high manoeuvrability but also excellent research platforms for indoor usage. In this study, we provide the design and deployment of the PI-PD and Fuzzy PI-PD (FPI-PD) structures to solve position control problem of the Parrot Mambo Minidrone. In this context, we derive nonlinear mathematical model of Parrot Mambo Minidrone to obtain the control models of the minidrone. Then, via the control models, firstly PI-PD control systems are designed for the altitude and position control systems. Then, to handle the coupled nonlinearities, FPI-PD controllers are designed and employed in the position control loop of minidrone. The presented comparative real-world experiment results clearly show that the proposed control systems outperform the built-in ones. Moreover, the results show that the performance of FPI-PD is better than the built-in PD and designed PI-PD control systems.

- by Mücahid Rıdvan Kaplan and +1
- •
- Control Systems Engineering, Control Engineering, Fuzzy Logic Control, Automatic Control

This paper presents a controller which consists of a Proportional, Integral (PI) and fuzzy speed controller for the sensorless speed control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) using Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS). In this paper the sensorless control of PMSM is studied. The study contains two main purposes; the first is to find a simple effective method to estimate the rotor position and angular speed of the PMSM, The second is to regulate the speed of the motor with varying the load using the PI controller and the fuzzy controller. The simulation of the system is established using MATLAB package. This paper mainly focuses on designing the MRAS algorithm in order to estimate rotor speed. When the load torque changes suddenly this algorithm decreases the rise time to reach the speed reference.

- by Mohamed Emad Etman
- •
- PID controller design, State Space Models

Sistem berbasis teknologi merupakan system buatan manusia yang bertujuan untuk membuat manusia lebih mudah, nyaman, dan aman. Untuk membangun sebuah system, kita memerlukan alat – alat yang dapat bekerja secara harmonic. Keharmonisan alat-alat merupakan kunci dari keberhasilan sebuah system. Itulah tugas dari Sistem Kendali. Sistem kendali merupakan suatu kumpulan alat yang mengendalikan, memerintah, dan mengatur keadaan dari suatu system.
Setiap system kendali akan menghasilkan respon yang bermacam-macam. Respon tersebut berasal dari pengaruh di luar system dan dalam system. Untuk menghasilkan system dengan respon yang cepat dan akurat, kita memerlukan sebuah komponen control PID (Proportional, Integral, Derivatif Controller). Tetapi, siapa saja yang ingin membuat sebuah system kendali yang lebih akurat dan presisi, maka kita memerlukan sebuah komponen control FLC (Fuzzy Logic Controller). Dengan kombinasi PID dan FLC di dalam sebuah system, diharapkan dapat membuat system tersebut memiliki respon yang cepat, akurat, presisi, dan stabil.

- by Abdullah Khalifah
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- Control Systems Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy Logic, Matlab

This paper presents the implementation of motor speed control using Proportional Integral Derrivative (PID) controller using Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Proportional Integral Derrivative (PID) controller is the technique used to actively control the speed of the motor. An AC motor is used in the research together with the PLC, encoder and Proface touch screen. The model of the PLC that has been used in this project is OMRON CJIG-CPU42P where this PLC has a build in loop control that can be made the ladder diagram quite simple using function block in CX-process tools. A complete experimental analysis of the technique in terms of system response is presented. Comparative assessment of the impact of Proportional, Integral and Derivative in the controller on the system performance is presented and discussed.

Datorită dezvoltării tehnologiei din industria aerospațială în ultimii zece ani, s-au conturat tot mai multe concepte îmbunătățite privind aeronavele autonome fără pilot. Acestea reușesc treptat să acopere tot mai multe destinații și misiuni ale aeronavelor operate direct de echipaj. Astfel se evidențiază o cerere semnificativă cu tendința ascendentă pentru soluții inovative, capabile să acopere anumite nișe din aviația generală, utilitară, dar și militară.
Inovarea în realizarea acestei platforme aeriene autonome gravitează în jurul conceptului unei structuri compozite ultrausoare, sistem GMP optimizat, stabilitate superioară, impact minim asupra mediului și un sitem de comandă și control automat al dronei cu inteligență artificială. Inovația în introducerea unui sistem AI(Artifficial Inteligence) se conturează în jurul identificării corecte a dinamicii dronei și realizarea unui bloc de rețele neurale cu răspuns rapid pentru minimizarea erorilor semnalelor de comandă generate de suprareglaje și inerții de calcul.