PV system simulation Research Papers (original) (raw)

Ce papier a pour objectif de valoriser une nouvelle technique MPPM (MPPT) pour extraire le maximum de puissance générer par le panneau photovoltaïque. L’environnement Proteus est utilisé pour implémenter et simuler la nouvelle approche MPPM grâce à la carte Arduino UNO et un afficheur LCD. Les résultats de simulation prouvent la meilleure performance de notre commande MPPM par rapport à les deux traditionnelles techniques P&O et INC de dépister le point de puissance maximale PPM sous des conditions de changement brusque de l’éclairement solaire.

Simulation of antireflection coating films were carried out for silicon solar cells. Fresnel's equations with the use of Rouard's method was derived to calculate the reflectance spectra of the antireflection coating films. A step by step explanations were presented for antireflection coatings in a generalized form with different polarization of incoming light. Calculated spectra were compared with the measured experimental data which were on a good agreement with the calculations. PC1D simulation software was used additionally to simulate crystalline silicon solar cells with considered single layer ARC films on their front surface. Solar cell performances with each ARC structure were compared to evaluate the achieved output of reflectance of investigated thin films. Simulated short circuit current densities of solar cells with single-layer ARC were 37.5 mA/cm 2 which was significantly higher than that of the solar cells without any ARC on their front surface and leads around 4% improvement in solar cell conversion efficiency. Solar cell results were in a good agreement with calculated average reflectance for corresponding layers.

- by Al-Montazer Mandong
- •
- Renewable Energy, Renewable Energy Systems, Solar Power, PV system simulation

This work presents an emulation in real-time of the shaded PV systems with a hot-spot prevention. The PV model takes into account the photo-induced current contributions from unshaded and shaded sides thanks to parameters such as the shadow transmittance and the percentage area of the shadows. The use of shadow fault detection in real time is employed avoiding all form of hot-spot formation and PV cells power dissipation. The calculation uses a simple derivative equation able to give the area of detection in function of the PV module voltage. The implementation of the emulator in FPGA takes advantages as a result of their features of adaptability and parallel processing suitable for emulation of complex shading visible on PV systems. The emulation of the proposed PV model and the hot-spot prevention are validated through two experimental tests on PV modules.

- by Michael Bressan
- •
- Prevention, PV system simulation, PV shadows, Hot Spot

Photovoltaic (PV) system isa renewable form of energy, using direct sunlight and converting it into electrical power PV cells which are coupled as an array to generate usable electrical energy constitute the most critical parts of this system. Electronic converters are required to transform the output of system current &voltage into an appropriate form if consider the situation of system load & its requirements. The electronic converter more typically employed is a DC-DC converter with a solar cell low voltage generating high voltage. This paper looks at the DC/DC converters & PV system with references to both cases: the first case is, The design of the system as a loop system closed in the first case because the system's scenario is dependent on an different types of algorithm separately for MPPT, that captures the sunlight higher amount to produce the highest optimized electrical power. Although the system was created with MPPT in mind, the simulation was carried out with different a controller such as P&O, PSO, Inc and fuzzy logic. The simulation& execution results for such instances are shown to demonstrate the ability of o/p voltage to return to steady-state if the input voltage impact changed. There is also evidence of a brief settling time & overshoot in the output voltage return and comparative result shown that PSO and fuzzy algorithm found accepted results means best result compassion with the existing algorithm. This optimization was carried out with the assistance of MATLAB 2018(a)

Technical, economical, and environmental policies on global level led to the promotion of green energy technologies especially use of solar power in the present electricity sector. Due to which the scope for modeling and analysis of solar PV systems prior to practical installations became an essential part of the installers and service providers. In the view of such modeling and analysis, the necessity for the use of simulation tools for technical sizing of solar PV system is studied. This paper gives the study on the few selected simulation tools used for technical sizing and analysis of the Solar PV systems. The selected simulation tools include PV Watts, PVGIS, PV-Online, PV*SOL, PVsyst, System Advisor Model (SAM). Each software tools are discussed focusing on its basic info, simulation procedure, and data requirements. Also listed the benefits of using the proposed tools along with their comparisons.

- by NALLAPANENI MANOJ KUMAR
- •
- Simulation, Solar Energy, PV system simulation, Solar PV

In this study, a simulation of a standalone photovoltaic system with a power of 4.2 kW was carried out. In the system, which has a total of 20 photovoltaic panels, the perturb & observe maximum power point tracking method was used, and photovoltaic panel control was performed by a DC-DC boost converter. Thus, maximum power could be drawn from the panels continuously despite changing weather conditions. Batteries are used to store energy in this system, which operates independently from the network. The battery group with a total voltage level of 300V was charged and discharged by a bidirectional DC-DC converter. With variable radiation values, variable power generation was provided in the panels, and energy flow control in the system was realized. The required energy flow in the system has been controlled depending on the amount of energy generated from the photovoltaic panels, the energy demanded by the load and the state of charge of the battery pack. The energy in the dc bus regulated at 400V voltage level fed the load with the help of a single-phase inverter. The system was operated in five different modes, and performance of the system was introduced.

- by Abhishek Garg
- •
- Control Systems Engineering, Control Systems, PV system simulation

This paper is aimed at harvesting the photovoltaic systems extracting power under difficult irradiance and load conditions, by proposing a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT). This proposed MPPT tactic has been examined under various climatic and load conditions using two powerful and accurate simulation environments for PV systems, MATLAB/Simulink and Proteus. The first implementation using the MATLAB/Simulink software was carried out to examine the performance of the novel MPPT tactic under sudden insolation and load change, where the second implementation using the Proteus software was carried out in order to prove that the novel MPPT tactic can be easily implemented using low-cost components, Arduino board, and LCD display. The simulation results prove that the novel MPPT tactic has a high convergence speed to locate the MPP, especially at fast solar irradiation and load variation with zero oscillation under steady-state operation, which takes less than 9.6 milliseconds (ms) under the MATLAB/Simulink software and 0.24 microseconds (μs) under Proteus environment. That means it is about six times faster than P&O and five times faster than INC MPPT methods, and its tracking efficiency is between 99.40% and 99.86%. Furthermore, the novel MPPT tactic shows the best tracking accuracy and better ability to mitigate power losses under overall simulation scenarios compared with other traditional MPPT methods.

The annual energy prediction and performance of 10 kW Roof Mount Photovoltaic System (RMPVS) with three different PV modules is studied under similar weather conditions with varying tilt angles as per building roof pitch. This study evaluates and compares the annual energy harnessed with the use of crystalline silicon and thin-film PV modules. Prior to practical installation, its feasibility is analyzed in National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) software tool with an Indian solar resource data base. Monthly energy, annual energy and capacity factor of 10 kW RMPVS is analyzed for three different PV modules mounted at 20 degrees tilt angle on a roof surface. Further, the impact of tilt angle over the annual energy production of RMPVS is analyzed for three different PV modules. Results shows, thin-film performs best among other two crystalline silicon modules at tilt angles ranging from 18.4 - 45 degrees. The capacity factors of RMPVS with two crystalline silicon type and one thin-film type PV modules are 17.8 %, 18.5 %, and 19.3 % respectively.

- by Artur Skoczek and +1
- •
- Renewable Energy, PV system simulation, 3D solar radiation using LIDAR data, Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Procedimiento de evaluación de pérdidas energéticas provocadas por sombras proyectadas sobre paneles solares fotovoltaicos. El procedimiento de la invención se basa en sacar partido del almacenamiento de la profundidad de campo (depth buffer) utilizado en las tarjetas gráficas (que permite evaluar qué polígonos quedan ocultos por otros al representar un grupo de objetos 3D al nivel del tamaño de un píxel en pantalla), y utiliza la información en él guardada para decidir qué elementos de un panel están sombreados o no. Posteriormente, se traducen dichas posiciones a elementos previamente definidos en la arquitectura de un generador fotovoltaico. Esta información sobre el estado de sombreado en cada elemento es directamente aprovechada por un modelo eléctrico de diodos que permite calcular factores de sombras eléctricos hasta la escala de una célula fotovoltaica o incluso más pequeña.

- by Jonathan Leloux
- •
- Photovoltaics, Modeling and Simulation, GPU Computing, Sketchup

The purpose of this paper is to propose a cascaded H Bridge (CHB) inverter with reduced DC source for PV applications since each PV panel can act as a separate DC source for each cascade H bridge module. The main disadvantages of the cascade multilevel inverters is a need of an isolated dc voltage sources for each H-bridge, due to this reason size of the inverter and cost increases, by virtue of which reliability of the system reduces. This Disadvantage of inverter is the key motivation for the present work .In this paper Cascaded Multilevel inverter for photovoltaic generating system is presented with reduced dc source to show the benefits of cascade the PV system. The performance of the cascaded multilevel inverter with fundamental switching scheme for different levels is studied through simulation using Matlab. A Mathematical model for Photo Voltaic system is developed and implemented with the multilevel inverter. The overall system performance is studied for different solar intensities and temperature. A prototype PV system with 5-level inverter is implemented in PSCAD 4.2.

- by Abhishek Garg
- •
- PV system simulation

The target of this paper is the enhancing the PV system performance by improving the PV and DC-DC boost converter output power. On the PV side, a new proposed MPPT technique in [1] is used to track the available maximum power (MPP). On the other hand, on the boost converter side, high ripples minimizing are obtained in the output power, current, and voltage. Next, three test simulations under stable and variable solar irradiation are carried out to examine and evaluate the tracking effectiveness of the proposed MPPT technique compared with the celebrated Increment of Conductance (INC) MPPT method. The simulation results prove the best performance and the good ripples minimizing in the input and output side of the boost converter using the proposed MPPT tactic, where the ripple amplitude can be reduced six times compared to the INC MPPT method. In addition, the proposed MPPT tactic presents a better efficiency in both static and dynamic conditions with an average value attending 99.86% and 99.6%, respectively, compared to the INC MPPT method which presents an average efficiency of 94.23% and 95.28% in static and dynamic conditions respectively. In this work, the MATLAB/Simulink tool was used in the simulation implementation.

This paper deals with the means of transferring energy from the input to the output. The buck boost converter is considered as a maximum power point tracker or power equilibrium device used between the photovoltaic solar system and the battery by supplying the desired power for the stand-alone system requirements. The system energy is assigned by SLP190S-24 High Efficiency Monocrystalline PV module based Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm with a selected lead acid battery bank of 24 Volts. In order to achieve this energy transfer with minor energy losses, Buck-Boost converter with the switching frequency of 25Khz is designed for charging the lead acid battery applied in standalone system. The MATLAB SIMULINK is used to validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the designed Buck-Boost converter simulation results. The result clings to the value of 99.72% for the combined Tracking and conversion efficiencies.

Diversity of energy sources become an imperious need for
the sustainable energy utilization and provision of alternative
sources to fossil fuels. The rapid growth in renewable energy
uses encouraged numerous to invest and research in different
fields of renewable energy. Using of Photovoltaic (PV)
technology to generate electricity was one of the most
advanced technologies that attracted the attention of
companies and researchers to focus on especially in the
applications that touch people’s life. In this study, off-grid
PV system was suggested as an alternative source supplying
electricity to a typical household located at latitude (30.5 ̊ N)
and longitude (47.8 ̊ E) in the capital Baghdad, Iraq. The
electrical power consumption compared with the electricity
providing by the national grid using design and simulation
software (sunny design. 3). The electricity demand of the house
was estimated based on the daily electricity usage in summer
season, assessed taking the cost of electricity and
the environmental impact into considerations. The outcomes
demonstrated that the PV system can handle more than
(77.3%) of the apartment electricity within a year, while, the
rest electrical shortfall compensates using Genset system (local
diesel generator). Moreover, the generated CO2 emissions
from traditional electrical power source was reduced to
approximately (22.7%) when PV technology introduced. The
study also evident the feasibility of using such a system by
comparing the price of total power consumption in kWh/
month with the national grid price for the same power
consumed were was very competitive.

- by Tran Huu Phuc
- •
- Lightning, PV system simulation, Transient

This paper introduces a detailed modeling for the photovoltaic array using mathematical relations that describe all physical and environmental parameters. It is based on Proteus which is easy to use and common software among the electrical and electronics engineers. The aim of this paper is to describe a detailed mathematical model and how can it be implemented to study the different responses of the nonlinear photovoltaic array system behaviour. It offers a comprehensive model to measure the photovoltaic array output under any conditions based on the standard test conditions and the environmental parameters.

- by Ahmed Abid and +1
- •
- PV system simulation

Modern scientific advances have enabled remarkable efficacy for photovoltaic systems with regard to the exploitation of solar energy, boosting them into having a rapidly growing position among the systems developed for the production of renewable energy. However, in many cases the design, analysis, and control of photovoltaic systems are tasks which are quite complex and thus difficult to be carried out. In order to cope with this kind of problems, appropriate software tools have been developed either as standalone products or parts of general purpose software platforms used to model and simulate the generation, transmission, and distribution of solar energy. The utilization of this kind of software tools may be extremely helpful to the successful performance evaluation of energy systems with maximum accuracy and minimum cost in time and effort. The work presented in this paper aims on a first level at the performance analysis of various configurations of photovoltaic systems through computer-aided modelling. On a second level, it provides a comparative evaluation of the credibility of two of the most advanced graphical programming environments, namely, Simulink and LabVIEW, with regard to their application in photovoltaic systems.

- by Dionisis Kandris and +1
- •
- Standalone PV system, PV system simulation, Solar PV, power electronics and PV system

This research paper presents an experimental investigation for performance evaluation and energy efficiency estimation of a specific grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power system under real meteorological conditions. The basic installation and data of 10 MW Oryx photovoltaic plant (OPVP) installed in Ma'an, Jordan is introduced. The main objective of this research is to show and examine the obtained results and build a good database for Ma'an in particular and Jordan in general. In addition, promote the use of solar photovoltaic plants as a clean and cheap alternative energy source, whether on-grid or standalone. This approach relies on a genuine atmosphere conditions including, correspondence system and meteorological station. The weather data are obtained from three different weather stations in Ma'an, Jordan to compare and insure the accurate estimation. Last year, OPVP supplied the national electric power company in Jordan with 24.157 GWh. This integration was considered satisfactory during this period, where the annual energy efficiency of the OPVP was 12.1%, the average annual value of the performance ratio was 78.14%, and the average annual capacity factor was 26.34%. By comparing the obtained results with the actual values, it is ascertained that the proposed approach has the superiority over estimating the energy efficiency and performance of PV plants. Moreover, the obtained outcomes can be utilized as rules for the use of solar PV power plants in Jordan and other comparative climatic nations.

- by Corinne Alonso
- •
- Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, Renewable Energy, Prevention

In this work, an approach to the mathematical modeling and simulation of a photovoltaic cell is presented. Previous work on the Shockley diode equation uses the Fermi – Dirac statistics. In this report, we will use the classical Maxwell Boltzmann statistics. For simplicity, the model considered is the single diode photovoltaic cell model. The Shockley diode equation is first formulated using Maxwell Boltzmann (MB) statistics. A single diode model equation is then derived and simulated. Matlab was used to perform the simulations using looping iterative method. Results that were obtained were identical with the typical single diode photovoltaic cell model current - voltage and power - voltage plots.

This study scrutinizes the reliability and validity of existing analyses that focus on the impact of various environmental factors on a photovoltaic (PV) system's performance. For the first time, four environmental factors (the accumulation of dust, water droplets, birds' droppings, and partial shading conditions) affecting system performance are investigated, simultaneously, in one study. The results obtained from this investigation demonstrate that the accumulation of dust, shading, and bird fouling has a significant effect on PV current and voltage, and consequently, the harvested PV energy. 'Shading' had the strongest influence on the efficiency of the PV modules. It was found that increasing the area of shading on a PV module surface by a quarter, half, and three quarters resulted in a power reduction of 33.7%, 45.1%, and 92.6%, respectively. However, results pertaining to the impact of water droplets on the PV panel had an inverse effect, decreasing the temperature of the PV panel, which led to an increase in the potential difference and improved the power output by at least 5.6%. Moreover, dust accumulation reduced the power output by 8.80% and the efficiency by 11.86%, while birds fouling the PV module surface was found to reduce the PV system performance by about 7.4%.

This paper presents the study of a simplified approach to model and analyze the performance of partially shaded photovoltaic modules using the shading ratio. This approach integrates the characteristics of shaded area and shadow opacity into the photovoltaic cell model. The studied methodology is intended to improve the description of shaded photovoltaic systems by specifying an experimental procedure to quantify the shadow impact. Furthermore, with the help of image processing, the analysis of the shading ratio provides a set of rules useful for predicting the current–voltage behavior and the maximum power points of shaded photovoltaic modules. This correlation of the shading ratio and shading patterns can contribute to the supervision of actual photovoltaic installations. The experimental results validate the proposed approach in monocrystalline and polycrystalline technologies of solar panels.

- by Michael Bressan
- •
- Modeling and Simulation, PV system simulation, PV shadows, Hot Spot

This paper deals with simulation modeling of grid connected DC linked PV/hydro hybrid system. A 10 kW PV system and 7.5 kW Pico-hydro system is connected in parallel to form hybrid system and this hybrid system is integrated with power grid. The PV/hydro hybrid system acts as a dominant system and primarily they supply power to the community. As the PV or hydro system cannot supply power in rainy or summer days, therefore the power grid is integrated to overcome the problem of PV or hydro system. The DC bus of the PV system and Pico-hydro system is interlinked to reduce the cost and complexity of the system. The proposed system is modeled so that in the normal days (when solar and hydro energy is available) the PV/hydro hybrid system will feed power to load without power grid. NOMENCLATURE , = d and q axis component of the stator voltages of SEIGs in Volts. , = d and q axis component of the rotor voltages of SEIGs in Volts. , = d and q axis component of the stator currents of SEIGs in Amp. i , i = d and q axis component of the rotor currents of SEIGs in Amp. , = Stator and Rotor resistance of the SEIGs respectively in. , = Stator and Rotor inductance of the SEIGs respectively in H. = Mutual inductance of the SEIGs in H. , = d and q axis component of the capacitor bank currents in Amp. , = d and q axis component of capacitance of the capacitor bank in F. = Current generated by PV array in Amp. = Voltage generated by PV array in Volts. = Photocurrent of the PV cell i.e. 5.96 Amp. = Number of series connected PV modules. = Number of parallel connected PV modules. = Reverse saturation current of diode i.e. 0.0002 Amp.

In this paper, the aggregation and implementation of a new energy management method in a microgrid power system is presented. Energy management is based on the use of a hybrid storage system. The Ultra Capacitors are used for facing high frequency variation of the load, such as in transient state, while batteries are in charge of slow load /source variations. Early ageing of the batteries is therefore avoided. The advanced control system proposed in this study allows choosing a suitable storage element in order to face the production/consummation variation correctly. The whole system, including a PV generator, hybrid storage system and realistic load, all connected to a common DC-bus, is first modeled. The simulations using Matlab are then carried out to confirm the good performances of the proposed energy management and associated control system.

Bi-facial PV modelling software is scarce and existing
software mainly implements the view factor model which
may neglect a number of effects that greatly influence the rear
side irradiance of bi-facial modules. This paper shows the results
of bi-facial PV simulation software that is being developed by
implementing the ray tracing technique to model the factors that
lead to increased energy yields of bi-facial PV technology. A bifacial
PV plant is modelled by interfacing Radiance (ray tracing
software) with python based simulation software. Simulation
results are compared with real world irradiance measurements
to determine the accuracy of the developed software model. The
preliminary results of the simulation software are promising and
show that ray tracing techniques can satisfy the shortcomings
of existing bi-facial PV simulation software with more accurate
modelling of the rear side irradiance of modules.

- by Jobert Louw
- •
- PV system simulation, Solar PV
- by Corinne Alonso
- •
- Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, Renewable Energy, Prevention

In order to increase the use of renewable encrgies, the topic of RE storage is a critical issue. Within the European thematic network INVESTIRE, nine different technologies are evaluated for the storage of renewable energy, either in stand-alone or in grid-connected applications. In this paper, the strains put by a PV application on a storage function are defined with reference to existing systems. Furthermore, the way different storage technologies can answer these needs is evaluated. The technologies assessed are leadacid, lithium systems, double-layer capacitors, nickel systems, electrolyseri hydrogen storage/ fuel-cell associations, flywheels, redox flow batteries, compressed air and metal-air systems. The analysis will allow the assessment of hybridising possibilities and of future RTD goals.

- by Dirk Uwe Sauer and +1
- •
- PV system simulation, Solar PV, Solar PV Systems Installation, Grid connected PV system

The integration of solar power generation into microgrid systems has become very popular due to its positive environmental aspects and cost effectiveness. Nevertheless the existence of natural intermittency and fluctuations in PV generation incurs extra cost or service interruption in PV-based microgrids. The power generation of PV systems follows a natural schedule based on a sunny day. Similarly, the usage profiles in a microgrid are known from experience. When there is a mismatch in load or generation schedule, the system has to react to maintain a balance. In this work, both a centralized and a decentralized demand-responsive multi-agent control and management system are devised which include backup diesel generation and load curtailment. The latter affects user satisfaction. Wpose new realistic models to measure user satisfaction depending on the type of appliance curtailed. Our simulation shows that the inclusion of demand-side management lowers the cost of a mismatch even when user satisfaction is considered. Expectedly, the centralized implementation achieves a lower cost in more difficult conditions-when the peak consumption happens earlier than anticipated-but the decentralised approach provides acceptable cost levels when a centralized model cannot be implemented.

- by Rasoul Rahmani
- •
- (Multi-) Agent Technology, Decentralization, Energy Management, Microgrid

This study scrutinizes the reliability and validity of existing analyses that focus on the impact of various environmental factors on a photovoltaic (PV) system’s performance. For the first time, four environmental factors (the accumulation of dust, water droplets, birds’ droppings, and partial shading conditions) affecting system performance are investigated, simultaneously, in one study. The results obtained from this investigation demonstrate that the accumulation of dust, shading, and bird fouling has a significant effect on PV current and voltage, and consequently, the harvested PV energy. ‘Shading’ had the strongest influence on the efficiency of the PV modules. It was found that increasing the area of shading on a PV module surface by a quarter, half, and three quarters resulted in a power reduction of 33.7%, 45.1%, and 92.6%, respectively. However, results pertaining to the impact of water droplets on the PV panel had an inverse effect, decreasing the temperature of the PV p...

An improved MPPT tactic is proposed in this paper for temperature variation in photovoltaic panel sourced boost converter. In this article the improved algorithm has easily added to a novel MPPT tactic proposed in [1]and it can significantly improve the tracking accuracy, without increasing the implementation complexity of the PV systems. The improved technique has been simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment. In addition, the proposed algorithm yielded consistently more favorable results than did the MPPT algorithm in [1].

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic panel sourced boost converter. The novel MPPT tactic has a high convergence speed and zero oscillation around the MPP under steady state operation, and high tracking speed in response to rapid changing of irradiance. Furthermore, it improves the tracking accuracy, without increase the implementation complexity. The proposed technique has been simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment and compared with some other MPPT techniques, such as Perturbed and observed (P&O), Increment of Conductance (INC) and fuzzy logic (FLC).

- by Abdelkhalek Chellakhi and +2
- •
- Control Systems Engineering, Renewable Energy, Control Systems, PV system simulation

This paper presents the simulation of regulated DC voltage source. The DC source main supply is solar PV model which produce unstable output voltage. The model is done such that the input parameters are the light and the temperature and the output is the unstable voltage. The output current is important parameter to achieve accurate output voltage, that current is measured and fed to the input of the model to be used for equation evaluation. Voltage regulation is needed to make the generated voltage usable. A simple buck converter with PID controller used to regulate the output voltage. SIMULINK is used to simulate the overall system. Simulation result is given to verify the operation of the model.

This paper focuses on modelling and simulation of a theoretically designed stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system composed of PV panels, DC/DC converters, Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT), lead-acid battery and controllers for constant DC voltage output PV system. Theoretically designed system from the literature is taken as a reference, modelled and simulated with MATLAB/Simulink-SimPowerSystems toolbox which is specifically developed to simulate electrical power systems. Direct simulation of the designed system shows that there are some unexpected behaviours of the system when subjected to irradiation/temperature and load changes. These outputs arise since the system is not designed by taking into account the parameters and dynamics of real circuit elements. Controllers of the system are redesigned with MATLAB/Simulink to improve the performance. Commonly used conventional linearization methods of MATLAB are not available for some controllers’ design for such a system having pulse width modulation (PWM) switching DC/DC converters causing high nonlinearity, forces the use of a new alternative technique based on simulated input/output data. PV system is simulated under different atmospheric and load conditions with variable temperature/irradiation and load levels, system performance and efficiency is evaluated and it is observed that the designed controllers are capable to operate PV panel at its maximum power point under different atmospheric and load conditions and provide constant DC voltage to the load while charging the battery with excess power.

- by Coşku Kasnakoğlu
- •
- Renewable Energy, Mathematical Modelling, Solar Energy, PV system simulation

- by Corinne Alonso
- •
- Engineering, Computer Science, Modeling and Simulation, Physical sciences

Enhancing PV system performance and efficiency requires improving the extraction of the maximum available power from the PV generator and reducing the output losses from the used DC-DC converter. A new proposed MPPT technique in the second cited reference is used to track the available maximum power (MPP) from the PV generator. On the other hand, the interleaved boost converter is used to minimizing the output current, voltage, and power ripples. Two simulation scenarios are provided to examine and evaluate the tracking effectiveness of the proposed MPPT technique using the interleaved boost converter. The first one is carried out under sudden variation of solar irradiation however the second is made under slow variation of solar irradiation. The simulation results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed approach combining the new proposed MPPT algorithm with the interleaved boost converter compared to the conventional boost converter. The simulation implementation is carried out using the MATLAB/Simulink software tool.

- by Oussama Achour
- •
- PV system simulation

During the year 2008, the photovoltaic (PV) power connected to the grid in Wallonia and Brussels increased from 200 kW p to 10 MW p . A complete production analysis was carried out from the data provided by 57 PV installations, adding up to a peak power of about 200 kW p . On average, the PV systems analyzed are producing an annual energy that is around 10% below the reference system. There are important uncertainties on key data, such as solar radiation and PV systems production. Further studies are required, based on a larger amount of data. It would be essential to start collecting data as soon as possible. The consolidation of a photovoltaic observatory could help in the accomplishment of this difficult task. Interesting initiatives already exist. Over the course of the next months, the physical model used in the present work to simulate the energy production of PV systems will be implemented on SolarWeb.be and be made accessible for free to the public.

- by Jonathan Leloux
- •
- Photovoltaics, Belgium, Photovoltaic, Brussels

In order to increase the use of renewable energies, the topic of RE storage is a critical issue. Within the European thematic network INVESTIRE, nine different technologies are evaluated for the storage of renewable energy, either in stand-alone or in grid-connected applications. In this paper, the strains put by a PV application on a storage function are defined with reference to existing systems. Furthermore, the way different storage technologies can answer these needs is evaluated. The technologies assessed are lead/acid, lithium systems, double-layer capacitors, nickel systems, electrolyser/hydrogen storage/fuel-cell associations, flywheels, redox flow batteries, compressed air and metal-air systems. The analysis will allow the assessment of hybridising possibilities and of future RTD goals.

- by Alan Ruddell
- •
- Materials Science, Renewable Energy, Technology Assessment, Hydrogen Storage

- by michael bressan
- •
- Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science, Renewable Energy, Prevention

- by Dionisis Kandris
- •
- Computer Simulation, Standalone PV system, PV system simulation, Solar PV

This paper develops and discusses an improved MPPT approach for temperature variation with fast-tracking speed and reduced steady-state oscillation. This MPPT approach can be added to numerous existing MPPT algorithms in order to enhance their tracking accuracy and response time and to reduce the power loss. The improved MPPT method is fast and accurate to follow the maximum power point under critical temperature conditions without increasing the implementation complexity. The simulation results under different scenarios of temperature and insolation were presented to validate the advantages of the proposed method in terms of tracking efficiency and reduction of power loss at dynamic and steady-state conditions. The simulation results obtained when the proposed MPPT technique was added to different MPPT techniques, namely, perturb and observe (P&O), incremental conductance (INC), and modified MPP-Locus method, show significant enhancements of the MPP tracking performances, where the average efficiency of the conventional P&O, INC, and modified MPP-Locus MPPT methods under all scenarios is presented, respectively, as 98.85%, 98.80%, and 98.81%, whereas the average efficiency of the improved P&O, INC, and modified MPP-Locus MPPT methods is 99.18%, 99.06%, and 99.12%, respectively. Furthermore, the convergence time enhancement of the improved approaches over the conventional P&O, INC, and modified MPP-Locus methods is 2.06, 5.25, and 2.57 milliseconds, respectively; besides, the steady-state power oscillations of the conventional P&O, INC, and modified MPP-Locus MPPT methods are 2, 1, and 0.6 watts, but it is neglected in the case of using the improved approaches. In this study, the MATLAB/Simulink software package was selected for the implementation of the whole PV system.

A method for modeling photovoltaic (PV) arrays-based on artificial intelligence techniques, namely genetic algorithm (GA) and cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA)-is presented. COA and GA are used to obtain the parameters of the PV array model using the PV cell's datasheet information. The adopted models-using GA and COA-are implemented on a simulation platforms using MATLAB 2020a environment for two-diode and single-diode models. The proposed optimization method fits the mathematical current-voltage (I-V) characteristic to the three (V, I) remarkable points without the need to guess or to estimate any other parameter. The obtained models are tested and validated with experimental data taken from the Mutah university's PV power plant. The results show that for both of the employed optimization algorithms, the two-diode model is more accurate than the single-diode model. The results also disclose that, at different values of temperature and solar irradiance, the COA-compared to the GA-better handles the optimization problem with low iterations and better fitness value.

- by Jordan Journal of Electrical Engineering (JJEE) and +1
- •
- Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Power System