SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR Research Papers (original) (raw)

Based on the two-dimensional (2-D) least squares method, this paper presents a novel numerical method to calculate the magnetic characteristics for switched reluctance motor drives. In this method, the 2-D orthogonal polynomials are used to model the magnetic characteristics. The coefficients in these polynomials are determined by the 2-D least squares method. These coefficients can be computed off line and can also be trained on line. The computed results agree well with the experimental results. In addition, the effect of the order number of the polynomials on the computation errors is discussed. The proposed method is very helpful in torque prediction, simulation studies and development of sensorless control of switched reluctance motor drives.

- by
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- Engineering, Numerical Method, Physical sciences, Sensorless Control

The simplicity of photovoltaic motors makes them ideal candidates for fully autonomous applications requiring thousands of operating hours without maintenance, like water pumping. Photovoltaic motors use photovoltaic cells optically commutated by a shutter driven by the motor rotor to convert light energy into mechanical energy, without the need of any brushes or other power electronics. With the decrease of photovoltaic cells price, photovoltaic motors could be more affordable and reliable than conventional systems, and therefore particularly well suited for off-grid applications. The concept has been patented under various forms, but the scientific literature is so far very scarce. In this article, we attempt to classify photovoltaic motors, and to explain in details their physical working principle. Then we compare the different architectures by defining two pre-design factors linked to the system maximal output power. Finally, we report first experimental results on a photovoltaic switched reluctance motor (PV SRM) prototype using a 6/4 switched reluctance machine and 12 photovoltaic cells.

- by Lionel Vido
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- Engineering, Photovoltaics, Motor Development, Solar Cell

The linear switched reluctance motors (LSRMs) have many benefits such as simple structure, low cost, comparatively high force-to-mass ratio, and no need for mechanical rotary to linear motion converters. However, application of these motors is limited because of their force ripple. In this study, the LSRM is used in vertical motion and a new control strategy is proposed for reducing the force ripple. This method is based on instantaneous control of motor position, speed, phase current, and force. In order to realise the good motion quality of elevator, this study applies a speed profile based on minimum jerk model. Also, a new force distribution function is proposed that can properly distribute the total force among the phases. Using this function, phase currents can properly track the corresponding command currents and then, decrease undesirable ripples of output force considerably. The control system was implemented on a double sided four phase LSRM. Its performance is demonstrated by means of modelling and experimental results in elevator application.

This paper presents the performance of an instantaneous torque control method. The simulation and experimental results illustrate the capability of Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) being used in the motor drive industry. Based on experimental data, the advantages of this control method and its disadvantages in practical implementation were studied. The model used in the simulation is the linear magnetic model which has the 12/8 structure, the same structure as the experimental switched reluctance motor.

- by Carlos Moron
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- Engineering, Physical sciences, Torque, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

Switched reluctance (SR) machines have several advantages like simple and rugged construction, lighter rotor, lower rotor losses and lower cost. A wind energy conversion system (WECS) with maximum power tracking (MPPT) using a SR machine operating as a generator is presented. MPPT of the wind turbine is achieved by sensing the wind speed and adjusting the wind turbine shaft speed for optimal tip speed ratio. MPPT using Hill Climbing Technique by perturbing the wind turbine shaft speed in the direction of increasing power is also implemented in the hardware setup. Outer speed loop using PI control generates the current reference used by the inner current loop. Hysteresis current control using softchopping is used to control the switched reluctance generator (SRG) phase currents. Initial excitation is provided by a low voltage battery and rated voltage is built-up by self-excitation. A chopper controlled dump resistor is used to maintain the output dc voltage at rated value. Power electronic circuit for the SRG is implemented in hardware using IGBT switches and DSP controller. Wind turbine is emulated using an induction motor and a vector controlled AC drive operating in torque control mode.

- by Nereus F
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- Wind Energy, Switched Reluctance Generator, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Hill Climbing

This paper looks briefly at aspects of iron loss assessment in switched reluctance machines (SRMs) and addresses issues that can arise when attempting to measure the flux linkage/current loops and the magnetizing curves experimentally.

- by David Dorrell
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- Engineering, Finite Element, Physical sciences, Iron

Absfract-Part I of this two-part paper has analyzed the control characteristics of the switched-reluctance motor (SRM) drives for operation of the motor in the h e a r region of its magnetic characteristics [l]. This Part completes the... more

- by Giuseppe Buja
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- Engineering, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR, Speed Control

Switched reluctance motor (SRM) optimal control parameters, which maximize torque per ampere, are calculated using a dynamic SRM model. In order to include the effect of the magnetic nonlinearity, static torque and flux-linkage data are used in the dynamic model. The static data are generated experimentally. To recreate these control parameters, online, artificial neural networks are used. Two separate networks are trained. One is trained with the low-speed control parameters for torque control at low speed, while the other is trained with the high-speed control parameters for torque control at high speed. The speed at which the SRM makes a transition from chopping control to single-pulse operation (i.e., low-speed to high-speed operation), commonly referred to as base speed, is torque (current) dependent. A small table is maintained in the controller to identify the base speed for different torque demands. When the motor exceeds the base speed for a certain torque demand, the controller switches from the low-speed neural network to the high-speed neural network and vice versa. It is also shown that the SRM is capable of producing an extended constant-horsepower operation with this optimal control. The power factor (the energy ratio) is shown to improve in this extended speed constant-horsepower range. Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

- by Mehrdad Ehsani
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- Engineering, Optimal Control, Neural Network, Industry

The Switched reluctance Motor (SRM) is an old member of the Electric Machines Family. Its simple structure, ruggedness and inexpensive manufacturing capability make it more attractive for Industrial applications. However these merits are overshadowed by its inherent high torque ripple, acoustic noise and difficulty to control. In this work Design, modeling, simulation and analysis of Switched Reluctance motor has been done. Various models of Switched reluctance Motor Linear and nonlinear model with different control strategies are simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The control strategies used are PI Control, Hysteresis Control and voltage control. The result obtained from simulation has been verified practically. The control signal and circuit design for operation of a Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drive has been described. The control circuit has been realized using microcomputer system. The technique developed is suitable for implementation with recent DSP processors. The result obta...

- by Tulasi Ram Das
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- Engineering, Performance Analysis, Industrial Application, Acoustic Noise

AbstractThe converter topology with a minimum number of power devices and control implementations to facilitate the pulsa-tion-free force control of the linear switched reluctance machines are investigated for the first time in this... more

- by Praveen Vijayraghavan
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- Engineering, Control Strategy, Cost Reduction, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

this paper describes an investigation into different motor designs for an application dictated by the performance of an existing hybrid electric vehicle drive (an internal permanent magnet motor). An induction motor and switched reluctance motor are studied. Torque over a wide speed range is required (base speed of 1500 rpm and maximum speed of 6000 rpm) and the total torque per volume is used as a key marker indicator. The efficiency is studied and efficiency plots are introduced. The issue with the design is the thermal temperature rise which affect the machines are described in the paper. At 1500 rpm very high current density exists in all the machines. At 6000 rpm the iron loss dominates. The paper illustrates that the permanent magnet motor is not the sole solution to specifying a drive motor for this application.

- by David Dorrell and +1
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- Iron, Current Density, Induction Motor, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

The paper presents a novel fixed switching frequency predictive current control method for switched reluctance machines (SRM). The proposed deadbeat predictive current controller accurately predicts the required duty ratio for the PWM pulse for a given reference current in each digital time step over the entire speed range of operation. The pulse width depends on the operating conditions, machine parameters and the rotor position. The controller utilizes the machine inductance profile as a function of current and rotor position to accurately predict the required voltage. The control method is studied through computer simulation and followed by experimental validation. The method is suitable for torque ripple sensitive applications requiring accurate tracking of a given current profile and mitigating the audible noise due to the switching of the inverter.

This paper proposes a new method to minimize torque ripple of a switched reluctance motor (SRM), which is based on the control of the sum of the square of the phase currents by using only two current sensor and analog multipliers. In addition, the sliding mode control (SMC) technique has been applied to SRM speed control loop that compensates the

- by Yilmaz Sozer and +1
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- Electric Power Systems, Sliding mode control, Mathematical Model, Fuzzy Controller

The torque developed by a switched reluctance motor (SRM) is dependent on the change of flux-linkage and rotor position. The fluxlinkage is a function of both the excitation and the rotor position. Due to the nonlinear nature of this motor, estimation of the flux-linkage characteristics is cumbersome. In this paper, a simple analytical method to estimate the flux-linkage characteristics of SRM is presented. Here, equations for the calculation of inductance and the flux-linkage for three identified regions based on the rotor position; a) fully unaligned to starting of pole overlap, b) starting of pole overlap to full pole overlap, and c) full pole overlap to fully aligned conditions, are derived in terms of motor dimensions, the magnetic properties of the materials used, and the stator excitation. The validation of the results obtained from this new analytical method is carried out using the finite element analysis of the motors.

- by Nimit Sheth
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- Engineering, Finite Element Analysis, Physical sciences, Magnetic Properties

The induction motors are widely used in industrial drives since of their low cost and flexibility. The control facet is very essential for any drive. This paper proposes an economical method of INDUCTION MOTOR speed control with efficient performance. The induction motor speed variation can be easily attained for a short range by stator voltage control. The terminal voltage across the stator winding of the motor can be varied to achieve the preferred speed control by controlling the firing angle of the semiconductor power devices (TRIAC in this paper). RASPBERRY PI 2(model B) plays an important in our project. Raspberry Pi is very small in size and it is a low cost device. Raspberry Pi has a Quadcore-broadcom BCM2836 900 MHz processor and 1GB RAM. It can perform all the work similar to a computer and can be referred as minicomputer. Python language must be used for this. It uses Raspbian operating system based on Debian distribution of LINUX.

A switched reluctance motor torque ripple reduction scheme using a B-spline neural network (BSNN) is presented. Closed-loop torque control can be implemented using an on-line torque estimator. Due to the local weight updating algorithm used for the BSNN, an appropriate phase current profile for torque ripple reduction can be obtained on-line in real time. It has good dynamic performance with respect to changes in torque demand. The scheme does not require high-bandwidth current controllers. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the scheme.

- by Zhengyu Lin
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- Engineering, Machine Learning, Gastroenterology, Adaptive Control

- by Loïc Quéval
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- Photovoltaics, Motor Development, Solar Cell, Literature Review

The design process of an electric vehicle introduces several new performance objectives, such as energy consumption, thermal management and acoustic behavior. In this paper, an integrated multi-physics design approach has been developed for the simulation of switched reluctance based drivetrain systems. This kind of modeling is able to aid in the virtual prototyping of an electric vehicle by allowing the investigation of critical component choices and system parameters and how they affect the vehicle overall performance. Some simulation results are presented, where the activation angles of the motor are optimized with two different objectives, and their effect on the system's thermal and acoustic behavior is shown.

- by Jan Anthonis
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- Energy Consumption, Design process, Virtual Prototyping, ICT Integration model

The integrated starter-generator (ISG) replaces both the conventional starter and alternator (generator) of an automobile in a single electric device. It allows greater electrical generation capacity and the fuel economy and emissions benefits of hybrid electric automotive propulsion. The ISG requires contrary specifications, i.e. a high starting torque and a field-weakening capability in a wide speed range, therefore its design is a challenging job. In this paper the basic characteristics and some of the ISG variants will be discussed. Also a switched reluctance machine (SRM) based ISG prototype will be presented in detail.

This paper presents a comparison of soft and hard
chopping on an 8/6 SRM in terms of noise, vibration and
harshness. Transient-state measurements are used to plot speedfrequency
signatures of current, vibration and acoustic noise of
the SRM for different load torques. With this technique speedrelated
frequencies can be distinguished from resonance
frequencies, and therefore, more information can be extracted
from the plots. The results show that hard chopping increases the
loudness of acoustic noise compared to soft chopping, with a
frequency shift to higher values. This however leads to an
attenuation of the vibration and noise amplitudes at the most
critical resonance of the SRM, situated at a relatively low
frequency.

- by Yves Mollet and +1
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- Electrical Engineering, Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH), SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

This paper reviews the status of the Belgian powerMEMS turbine development. The technology developments for realizing a 20 mm diameter hydrogen-based gas turbine running at 500,000 rpm are presented. The overall layout is taking into account rotor dynamics and internal heat management. The system is relying on miniaturized air bearing technology designed for optimal performance at high running speeds. For the rotor construction, a three-dimensional micro manufacturing technology is being developed. The rotor geometry has been optimized taking into account the aerodynamic performance, the rotor heat management, material strength at elevated temperatures, and centrifugal load. For the hydrogen combustion system, several configurations have been simulated and compared with experimental results. The system also incorporates a recuperator that optimized in terms of geometry, performance, and manufacturability. Finally the design of a high-speed Switched Reluctance generator is discussed.

- by Dries Verstraete
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- GAS TURBINE, Technology development, High Speed, Three Dimensional

A Matlab/Simulink/SRDaS environment to simulate a 6/4-Switched Reluctance Motor is presented in this paper. The proposed simulation model of the Switched Reluctance Motor for its linear inductance profile is instigated. All simulations are completely documented by their block diagrams and corresponding Matlab functions. The developed simulation model results were compared with SRDaS software packaged SRM model and its performance were analyzed.

- by KARTHIKEYAN VASUDEVAN
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- SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

This thesis is concerned with the design and analysis of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) and its improved structure Double Stator Switched Reluctance Motor (DSSRM). Three configurations of SRM viz. Inner Stator, Outer stator and Double Stator are designed and simulated in ANSYS Maxwell Suite. Design parameters are chosen by aiming optimum performance of motor after literature review and analytical study of the motor. SRM is not a line start machine, so power converter circuit is required to excite the motor. Without proper switching of current, desired torque is not obtained in SRM. The converter circuit and switching unit is built in Maxwell Circuit Editor Tools. Both magnetostatics and transient analysis is performed to investigate motion torque, torque ripple, normal force and radial force. A good comprehensive comparison of three different types of SRMs based on their torque profile and force densities is presented. Simulation performed verified better performance of DSSRM.

Dynamic behavior analysis of electric motors is required in order to accurately evaluate the performance, energy consumption and pollution level of hybrid electric vehicles. Simulation tools for hybrid electric vehicles are divided into steady state and dynamic models. Tools with steady-state models are useful for system-level analysis whereas tools that utilize dynamic models give in-depth information about the behavior of sublevel components. For the accurate prediction of hybrid electric vehicle performance, dynamic modeling of the motor and other components is necessary. Whereas the switched reluctance machine is well suited for electric and hybrid electric vehicles, due to the simple and rugged construction, low cost, and ability to operate over a wide speed range at constant power, in this paper dynamic performance of the switched reluctance motor for e series hybrid electric vehicles is investigated. For this purpose a switched reluctance motor with its electrical drive is modeld and simulated first, and then the other components of a series hybrid electric vehicle, such as battery, generator, internal combusion engine, and gearbox, are designed and linked with the electric motor. Finally a typical series hybrid electric vehicle is simulated for different drive cycles. The extensive simulation results show the dynamic performance of SRM, battery, fuel consumption, and emissions.

- by Jafar Milimonfared and +1
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- Hybrid Vehicle, Electric Motor, Steady state, Electric Vehicle

In this paper, different electric motors are studied and compared to see the benefits of each motor and the one that is more suitable to be used in the electric vehicle (EV) applications. There are five main electric motor types, DC, induction, permanent magnet synchronous, switched reluctance and brushless DC motors are studied. It is concluded that although the induction motors technology is more mature than others, for the EV applications the brushless DC and permanent magnet motors are more suitable than others. The use of these motors will result in less poUution, less fuel consumption and higher power to volume ratio. The reducing prices of the permanent magnet materials and the trend of increasing efficiency in the permanent magnet and brushless DC motors make them more and more attractive for the EV applications.

- by Mohammad Nasser Hashemnia
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- Electric Motor, Brushless DC Motor, Electric Vehicle, Fuel Consumption

The switched reluctance motor (SRM) is an old member of machine family. Its simple structure, ruggedness, and inexpensive manufacturability make them attractive for industrial applications. This paper presents an equivalent circuit model for switched reluctance motor. Its linear model and dynamics are discussed in detail. Parameters and its approximate equivalent circuit are obtained by using linear model and dynamics of the switched reluctance motor. Simulation studies are performed for phase currents and the steady-state motor operation.

- by Murat Ayaz
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- Vehicle Dynamics, Linear Model, Equivalent Circuit, Steady state
- by Shyam Ramamurthy
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- Engineering, Design process, Electric Propulsion, Copper

- by Tomy Sebastian
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- Engineering, Radiation Detectors, Mathematical Model, Pulse Width Modulation

Bu çalışmada güneş enerjisi ile çalışan 300W gücündeki 3 fazlı 12/8 kutuplu bir anahtarlamalı relüktans motor için boost konvertör tasarlanmıştır. Tasarlanan konvertör sistemden maksimum verim elde etmek amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Bu sürücü sistemi sulama sistemindeki santrifuj su pompasının sürülmesinde kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, tasarlanan sürme sistemi ile ilk hareket anındaki darbe akımları önlenmiştir. Sürücü sisteminde düşük maliyetli ve yeterli performansa sahip bulunan PIC16F877 mikrodenetleyicisi kullanılmıştır.

- by Mahir Dursun
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- Boost Converter, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR, Centrifugal Pump

This paper discusses how the switched reluctance generator (SRG) converts energy as directed by a controller. Beginning with a review of the electromechanics of generation, the paper identifies the implications of the energy conversion process on how the SRG is controlled. The structure of the SRG controller for speed-control and power-control applications is discussed. Practical implementation details for commutation of the SRG are reviewed. Concepts are illustrated with a 6-kW SRG designed to serve as a starter/alternator in automotive applications.

- by David Torrey
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- Engineering, Energy Conversion, Power Control, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

Field analysis in conjunction with circuit model has been used to predict the performance of a switched reluctance machine. This paper describes the procedure to model a 3 phase 12/16 Switched Reluctance (SR) machine. Its operation as a generator is analyzed. An accurate representation of machine requires good representation of its magnetic characteristics. With the advent of high speed computing, numerical method is used to take into account its nonlinear characteristics. In this research, a 2D Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to determine the magnetic characteristics of the machine. Results from FEM are used as Look Up LUT) for simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Using the same machine parameters and current density, the influence of different phase winding polarity on the performance of an SR machine operating as a generator under single phase excitation is observed. Optimum performance/high efficiency can be achieved by using different phase winding polarity.

A Matlab/Simulink environment to simulate a 6/4-switched reluctance motor is described. From its linear model to the nonlinear model, its dynamics is described and discussed in detail. All simulations are completely documented by their block diagrams and corresponding special Matlab functions and parameters quickly develop its model to the reader. Based on the developed model, simulation studies are performed and compared with measured motor phase currents either for hysteresis and voltage control strategies, and the steady-state motor operation to validate the model.

- by Paulo Branco
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- Aerospace Engineering, Dynamic programming, Linear Model, Dynamic Simulation

A four-quadrant controller for Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drives with optimal turn-on and turn-off angles for each operating quadrant is presented in this paper. The firing angles are chosen to maximize the average torque produced by the motor, which requires the optimization of the area of the energy conversion loop. The four-quadrant SR controller developed with the chosen optimization criterion gives fast motoring response as well as fast braking response. The underlying contribution of this paper is the development and solution of an optimal control problem to provide the best control strategies. The paper also provides the specific guideline to switch the firing angle position when the motor operation changes from one quadrant to another. The developed fourquadrant controller has been applied to control the linear displacement of a highly dynamic actuator load.

- by Syed Hossain
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- Energy Conversion, APEC, Control Strategy, Optimal Control Problem

This paper addresses control of commutation of switched reluctance (SR) motor without the use of a physical position detector. Rotor position detection schemes for SR motor based on magnetisation characteristics of the motor use normal excitation or applied current /voltage pulses. The resulting schemes are referred to as passive or active methods respectively. The research effort is in realizing an economical sensorless SR rotor position detector that is accurate, reliable and robust to suit a particular application. An effective and reliable means of generating commutation signals of an SR motor based on inductance profile of its stator windings determined using active probing technique is presented. The scheme has been validated online using a 4-phase 8/6 SR motor and an 8-bit processor.

- by Nerey Mvungi
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- Sr, Sensorless Control, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

Switched reluctance motor is acquiring major attention because of its simple design, economic development, and reduced dependability. These attributes make switched reluctance motors superior to other variable speed machines. The major challenge associated with the development of a switched reluctance motor is its high torque ripple. Torque ripple produces noise and vibration, resulting in degradation of its performance. Various techniques are developed to cope with torque ripples. Practically, there exists not a single mature technique for the minimization of torque ripples in switched reluctance motors. In this research, a switched reluctance motor is modelled and analysed. Its speed and current control are implemented through artificial neural networks. Artificial neural network is found to be a promising technique as compared with other techniques because of its accuracy, reduced complexity, stability, and generalization. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is utilized in artificial neural networks due to its fast and stable convergence for training and testing. It is found from research that artificial neural network-based improved control shows better performance of the switched reluctance motor. Realization of this technique is further validated from its mean square error analysis. Operating parameters of the switched reluctance motor are improved significantly. Simulation environment is created in Matlab/Simulink.

- by Iqra Tariq and +1
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- Power Electronics, Electric Power Systems, Artificial Neural Networks, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

Aircraft applications require high reliability, high availability, and high power density, while aiming to decrease weight, complexity, fuel consumption, operational costs, and environmental impacts. Modern electric driving systems can meet these demands and provide significant technical and economic enhancements over traditional mechanical, hydraulic, or pneumatic systems. Due to the high reliability of Switched Reluctance Motors (SRMs), it can be used for aircraft electromechanical actuators to replace the conventional actuators. This paper presents Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the actuators system to drive flight control surfaces in modern civil aircraft. In this study, the actuators system with nonlinear SRM is modeled, simulated, and controlled using a predictive control technique. The predictive control algorithm is applied for a three-phase controlled rectifier to provides a fixed DC voltage for actuators supply bus, and for SRM's symmetrical power converter to drive the surface of the actuator. The performance of the proposed system is tested using a simulation model in PSIM software, and the controller is programmed using C language. Obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the suggested system to drive aircraft electromechanical actuators satisfactorily for either tracking demanded motor speed or desired actuator deflection angle.

- by Reyad Abdelfadil and +1
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- Model Predictive Control (MPC), SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR, More Electric Aircraft

A microcomputer-based four-quadrant control system of a switched reluctance motor is described. The control was implemented with a speed feedback loop, a torque feedback loop, and both the torque and speed feedback loops combined. In addition the controller incorporates a startup operation, sequencing, and synchronized angle steering control. The angle controller was designed using dedicated digital hardware, whereas the other functions were implemented using an Intel 8751 single-chip microcomputer. The complete control system was tested in the laboratory with a 5-hp drive, and the test results were found to be excellent.

- by Bimal Bose
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- Engineering, Control system, Feedback loop, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

A comparative study of several fault-tolerant electrical drives is presented in this paper. As the application is concerned, the authors' attention was oriented towards the vehicle transportation. Thus, the main electrical drives under study are: the induction, the switched reluctance and the permanent magnet synchronous machine, respectively. The present work will explore the aforementioned drives' capabilities in terms of fault-tolerant operation. The authors present a substantial study for the fault-tolerant issue in electrical drives by using finite element method (FEM). During this numerical analysis many phenomenon will be emphasized and, coming together with some tests, final conclusions will be depicted.

- by Loránd Szabó and +1
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- Numerical Analysis, Finite element method, Electric Drive, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

This paper presents a complete dynamic investigation of switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives. A 6/4 three phases reduced torque ripple SRM drive is simulated on Electromagnetic transients and DC/Power system computeraided design (EMTDC/PSCAD) software. The motor is modeled using an analytical model that takes into consideration the nonlinearity of the machine. A control algorithm based on torque distribution function (TDF) is used for torque ripple minimization. A Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC) is used to regulate the phase currents. The dynamic characteristics of SRM are revealed through the simulation results which represent waveforms for the phase currents, torque and speed of the motor.

- by Mostafa I Marei and +1
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- Power System, Computer Aided Design, Dynamic Simulation, Electromagnetic Transients

This paper presents a design and development of 8/6 switched reluctance motor for small electric vehicle using analytical method. The absent of permanent magnet, inherent fault tolerance capabilities, simple and robust construction make this motor become more attractive for small electric vehicle application such as electric scooter and go-kart. The switched reluctance motor is modelled using analytical formula in designing process. Later, the designed model is analyzed using ANSYS RMxprt software. In order to achieve 5kW power rating and to match with the design requirement, the switched reluctance motor model has been analyzed using RMxprt tools for the preliminary parameters design process. This tools is able to predict the output performance of motor in term of speed, flux linkage characteristic, output torque and efficiency.

The Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM) is ideal for safety critical applications (aerospace, automotive, defense, medical, etc.) where it is desirable that the electrical drive system to be fault tolerant. During the design of a fault tolerant electrical drive system it is indispensable to use advanced simulation techniques. Finite elements method (FEM) based magnetic field computation programs are the most precise tools in simulating the electrical machines. These programs must be embedded in a general simulation platform. The paper deals with the analysis of a proposed SRM's fault tolerant capacity. The study was performed by means of a coupled simulation program. The main program was built up in Simulink ® , the most widely used dynamic system simulating platform. The SRM was modeled using the Flux 2D FEM based numerical field computation program. The machine's model was connected to the main program thru the Flux-to-Simulink link. This co-simulation technique proved to be a very useful tool in the fault tolerance study of the proposed SRM.

Switched Reluctance Machines (SRMs) are receiving significant attention from industries in the last decade. They are extremely inexpensive, reliable and weigh less than other machines of comparable power outputs. Although the design principles of the machine are available as a concatenation of many different sources, the need for a unified, step-by-step design procedure from first principles of electromagnetics is an absolute requirement. This dissertation discusses a procedure that can be applied by engineers with a basic background in electromagnetics.

- by Manojkumar S
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- Electrical Engineering, Machines, SRM, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR

as a Professor of electrical engineering. His main research interests and experience include analysis, design, and control of electric machines, variable-speed drives for traction and propulsion applications, and fault diagnosis of... more

- by M. Benbouzid
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- Engineering, Technology, Comparative Study, Electric Motor

This paper shows some aspects of the development of a fuel cell based propulsion system prototype for electric vehicles and some preliminary results. A switched reluctance motor/generator -SRM/G -with 3 phases, 6 stator poles and 4 rotor poles is connected to the DC link bus through an asymmetric half-bridge converter which is fed by a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell. The control functions of this drive are performed by an 8-bit microcontroller. This system is designed to allow the studies of the motoring, generating and regenerative braking operations aiming the development of the necessary knowledge to design propulsion systems for several kinds of vehicles. Some simulations and tests results are also presented.

- by Wanderlei Marinho da Silva and +1
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- Fuel Cell, Electric Vehicle, SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

This paper describes the design of a high-speed threephase switched reluctance machine to drive a compressor for the air management of a fuel-cell system for automotive applications. The machine geometry is optimized by means of a finite-element method coupled to a genetic algorithm. The performance of the optimized machine is evaluated, taking into account the iron and air-friction losses. Some theoretical and numerical results are sustained by the measured ones in the same operating conditions.

- by Daniel Fodorean
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- Engineering, Finite element method, Fuel Cell, Genetic Algorithm

A new dual rotor mutually coupled switched reluctance machine (DR-MCSRM) is proposed. The proposed machine has a magnetic circuit similar to the full pitched mutual coupled switched reluctance machine (FP-MCSRM) without short end windings. FP-MCSRMs have higher torque and power density, but they have longer end windings leading to unwanted copper loss. The construction of the proposed machine is similar to the merging version of the outer rotor and inner rotor FP-MCSRMs. An example machine is designed to meet specifications developed for automotive applications. A finite element model is developed and the machine is optimized to meet the performance targets. The machine performance is compared with a FP-MCSRM designed for the similar specifications.

This work aimed to develop a parameterized, two-dimensional field model of a switched reluctance motor (SRM). The main task of the developed model was to calculate the value of the electromagnetic torque for various positions of the rotor. Based on these calculations, the characteristics of the electromagnetic torque were determined depending on the position of the rotor angle φ for the current function I (T = f (φ, I)). Using the model, it was possible to additionally observe the phenomena occurring in the motor winding, e.g., distributions, isolines of magnetic potential, induction, and to calculate the values of the temperature. The parameterized structural elements that made up the entire model can be freely changed and, thus, the results for various structures can be obtained. Thanks to this, it was possible to evaluate and compare motor of different designs. To validate the model, measurements were conducted on real-scale reluctance motors, and families of electromagnetic torq...

- by Hubert Cichecki
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- Electricity, Electrical Motors, Ansys, Ansys Simulation

The subject of the paper is focused on the analysis of a 30kW switched reluctance machine for propulsion of electrical vehicle propulsion (EV). The paper details the fundamental steps when developing such an electrical machine, and validates the structure using co-simulation procedures, coupling finite element analysis software (Cedrat Flux2D) with software used to implement the controller (Matlab/Simulink). As the advantages of the SRM are already known, the torque ripples are its main disadvantages. These are reduced as much as possible using a dedicated control strategy, the torque sharing functions (TSF). The solution offered by the paper highlights the possibility of using a cheap, reliable and robust electrical machine for propulsion unit.

The goal of the paper is to analyse the performances of switched and synchronous reluctance machines, designed to be used in light electric propulsion. Both machines are designed with the same ratings and their behaviour is studied by means of finite element analysis and complex MATLAB/Simulink simulation programs. The task is to highlight the benefits and drawbacks of each machine in respect to efficiency, control and torque ripple. Hence, for each machine a simple basic control strategy is used to validate the structure, and, then, a more advanced strategy is applied to improve the performances of the system. The results of this study are aimed at contributing to find, design and optimize electric machines for vehicle propulsion applications.