Self-Knowledge Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

This paper responds to continuing commentary on Velmans (2002a) “How could conscious experiences affect brains,” a target article for a special issue of JCS. I focus on the final question dealt with by the target article: how free will relates to preconscious and conscious mental processing, and I develop the case for preconscious free will. Although “preconscious free will” might appear to be a contradiction in terms, it is consistent with the scientific evidence and provides a parsimonious way to reconcile the commonsense view that voluntary acts are freely chosen with the evidence that conscious wishes and decisions are determined by preconscious processing in the mind/brain. I consider alternative interpretations of how “conscious free will” might operate by Libet and by Mangan and respond to doubts about the extent to which the operations of mind are revealed in consciousness, raised by Claxton and Bouratinos. In reconciling commonsense attributions of freedom and responsibility with the findings of science, preconscious free will can be shown to have practical consequences for adjudications in law.

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- Cognitive Science, Criminal Law, Metaphysics, Philosophy of Mind

Tout en développant des théories complexes de la réalité, le bouddhisme, sous ses différentes formes, et le stoïcisme ne se résument pas à informer leurs adeptes mais aussi à les former d'une certaine manière. Au sein de ces doctrines, une place importante est accordée à la discipline qui comprend à la fois une dimension corporelle et une dimension psychique. A travers des pratiques spécifiques, qui visent sa subjectivité et son rapport avec le reste de la réalité, le disciple est exhorté à faire retour sur soi, afin d'agir sur soi, d'acquérir une certaine maîtrise de soi et de modifier sa vision de la réalité. Par l'adoption d'un point de vue juste, il réalise l'accord avec l'ordre du monde, accord qui libère de la souffrance.

- by Laurentiu Andrei
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- Buddhism, Hellenistic Philosophy, Stoicism, Zen Buddhism

Recent discussions about the conception of self-knowledge in analytic philosophy have been concerned mainly with the distinctive way in which we know certain of our own properties. The flipside of this focus is that a sort of self-knowledge that requires effort in order to be achieved was rarely examined; and, as a consequence, it has been rarely discussed what reasons there are for individuals to strive for improving their self-assessment. It is against this background that I propose in this paper a working definition of the kind of self-knowledge that is also considered a personal achievement. Drawing some lessons from a few historical examples, I discuss what conditions have to be met for a subject to qualify as having this sort self-knowledge. I will close with a few considerations concerning the value this sort of self-knowledge has for the individual acquiring it.

- by Ursula Renz
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- Socratic Method, Wisdom, Self-Knowledge, Wisdom Traditions
- by Kevin Lynch
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- Self-Knowledge

Existential brain research investigates different parts of human's life including issues of freedom and self-comprehension, which are of the specific significance. The paper presents the investigation of key parts of individual freedom and selfcomprehension and spotlights on how these two marvels are interconnected as far as existential brain research. The accompanying viewpoints were validated: selfinformation, as the way toward getting oneself, one's own mental activities and states of mind, turns into the reason for the advancement of self-comprehension from the snapshot of entering the time of pre-adulthood; self-comprehension is coordinated into the structure of self-reflection; self-comprehension suggests the accomplishment of another implication of existential self-information got during self-investigation; interconnection of freedom and self-understanding cultivates the high pace of both mental and physical action of a subject, just as their capacity to change themselves, right now satisfy themselves and sort out their own future. Inventive work can fill in as an instrument that opens new abilities and individual characteristics, guarantee one's freedom to communicate for oneself and increment self-comprehension. Selfunderstanding helps with satisfying one's own credibility on the planet: an individual acknowledges themselves as they seem to be, in the mean time changing themselves as far as their life purposes and as per their actual nature (securing of inward freedom)

- by IAEME Publication
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- Existential Psychology, Self-Knowledge, Free Will, Liberty

Afdal al-Dīn Kāshānī (Bābā Afdal) lived and thought in times in which philosophy was in a precarious state due to Gazāllī's well-known criticisms. The former thought that this situation is caused by addressing the Metaphysica Specialis as the proper object of philosophical investigations. He did not interest in many of the issues that other philosophers (especially Peripatetics) addressed, so that one can say he did not follow the pattern of the great authorities. For him, to live a virtuous life is a part and parcel of the traditional philosophy. In short, Bābā Afdal can be regarded as an innovator Islamic-Persian philosopher who changed the traditional philosophy formally as well as materially. Among the Iranian philosophers, Bābā Afdal is first that he wrote his works mainly in Persian. Moreover, among those who wrote in Persian, he is set apart by the remarkable beauty and clarity of his prose. When reading his writings, we realized that the author implicitly tries to exclude knowledge of God from the realm of philosophy and replace knowledge of self with it. For Bābā Afdal, the heart of the issue in philosophy is self-knowledge that voiced in the Delphic maxim "know thyself".

- by Gamze Sart
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- Creative Writing, Critical Theory, Entrepreneurship, Finance
- by kenneth gergen
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- Authenticity, Self-Knowledge, Relational Communication, Social Constructionism

This chapter explores the implications of performance metrics as a source of self-knowledge and self-presentation. It does so through the figure of the contemporary musician. As performers on-stage and online, musicians are constantly assessed and evaluated by industry actors, peers, music fans, and themselves. The impact of powerful modes of quantification on personal experiences, understandings, and practices of artistic creation provides insight into the wider role that metrics play in shaping how we see ourselves and others; and how we present ourselves to others. Through in-depth interviews with emerging musicians, this chapter thus uses the artist as a lens through which to understand everyday life within the "performance complex."

- by Robert Prey
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- Music, Metrics, Performance Measurement, Performance
- by Eduardo Vicentini de Medeiros
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- Moral Psychology, Self-Knowledge, Introspection

A proposta do curso é ler e debater atentamente o livro The varieties of self-knowledge , de Annalisa Coliva (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016). Coliva constata que várias teorias monistas quanto ao método de autoconhecimento se mostram limitadas até mesmo para seus defensores. Ainda assim, há relutância, entre seus proponentes, em aceitar outros métodos para tipos de conhecimento dos próprios estados mentais não abrangidos pelos seus métodos prediletos. Trata-se de um preconceito monista. Coliva propõe o pluralismo quanto aos métodos de autoconhecimento, de modo que a novidade do livro é defender que o autoconhecimento é variado, e que não cabe reduzir certos tipos de eventos mentais a outros tipos de eventos mentais. Ou seja, para Coliva, é preciso ser pluralista com respeito à explicação do conhecimento dos próprios estados mentais. Sensações, emoções, crenças e desejos têm um perfis fenomenológicos próprios – a fenomenologia dos estados mentais é variada. Por conta disso, é de se esperar que haja variedade no conhecimento dos estados mentais. O curso funcionará no formato de seminário, com os alunos partilhando com o professor a tarefa de apresentar trechos do livro de Coliva. Os alunos serão avaliados pelas atividades e produções semanais (slides + handouts) e por uma tarefa final.

- by César Schirmer dos Santos
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- Self-Knowledge

Для В.А.Роменця, одного з фундаторів сучасної психології в Україні, 80-річчя якого є справжньою науковою, культурною, суспільною подією, у центрі уваги завжди була і залишалася жива конкретна людина, людина з її душею, її життям, внутрішніми станами, поведінкою, вчинками. Ця людина може пізнавати і пристосовуватися, спілкуватися і страждати, але вона ніколи не стає голою абстракцією, лабораторним піддослідним, середньостатистичною істотою.

- by Tetiana Tytarenko
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- Personality, Self-Knowledge, Hystory of Psychology

A short essay on «Love and (Self-)Knowledge in Troilus and Cressida”

- by Mariia Babkina
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- Shakespeare, Love, Self-Knowledge, Philosophy of Love

This essay concerns the origin of the idea of self-knowledge in the Western tradition, and the earliest content of that idea, an idea which, despite have been largely obscured by later developments, remains, I believe, plausible and... more

- by Christopher Moore
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- Self-Knowledge, Know Thyself, Gnothi Sauton

This collection contains seventeen articles on the self and related subjects. All are published here for the first time. The collection covers a wide range of topics: metaphysics, philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, philos- ophy of language, history of philosophy (modern and ancient, eastern and western), aesthetics and ethics. This variety explains the title - Perspectives on the Self.
The occasion for the volume was a conference on The Self held on March 31 and April 1 2016 at The Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Rijeka, Croatia. This collection is the end product of the activities of a group of philosophers from the Rijeka Department of Philosophy and colleagues who have worked with them. The activity of this group started in the autumn of 2010 as an informal weekly seminar on identity. Philosophers made up the core of the group, although colleagues from the departments of Psychology and Literature also took part.

- by Boran Berčić
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- Self and Identity, Self-Knowledge

Regarding the problem of self-knowledge in Kierkegaard’s philosophy, it is common to relate it to the discussion of despair in Anti-Climacus’s The Sickness Unto Death but not to the limit of reason in Climacus’s Philosophical Fragments. Indeed, it is possible to see both the limit of reason and despair as the failure of self-knowledge and how these two works complement each other in discussing such problem through the cases of Socrates. These two works share the view that the failure of self-knowledge is due to the misrelation between oneself and the divine. Moreover, an entry from Anti-Climacus puts himself and Climacus as a pair of dialectical twins who share the common concern on “how to be a genuine Christian”. So this dissertation aims to demonstrate the dialectical complementary relationship between Climacus’s Fragments and Anti-Climacus’s Sickness, by illustrating that paradoxical rationality (the mutual relationship between reason and paradox) is necessary to overcome the failure of self-knowledge. In addition, this dissertation suggests the potential in examining the dialectical reading between Climacus and Anti-Climacus that is commonly neglected among current studies.

- by Cedric CHING
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- Socrates, Self-Knowledge, Dialectic, The Limits of Reason

The literature within the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability is broad and can be classified in a variety of approaches. What remains constant in these various models is that leadership and specifically authentic leadership, is key to going beyond compliance oriented sustainability to achieve genuine implicit, sustainability. This study thus seeks to explore the construct of authentic leadership from the perspective of practicing managers. To achieve this, a group of 210 MBA students were asked to write on authentic leadership from their own experiences. This body of leadership assignments was analyzed through the use of open and axial coding, grounded theory and content analysis. Through this process, a series of family codes emerged which can be grouped into factors which, either, enable or hinder authentic leadership. Self-knowledge emerged as the main enabler, and the influence of others is the main hindrance, to authenticity.

- by Kurt April
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- Authenticity, Personal Development, Self-Knowledge, Self-awareness

Talking about Cogito as a candidate for the foundation of the whole human knowledge, Schlick said that: “Such a statement, which does not express anything itself, cannot in any sense serve as the basis of anything.” (Schlick 1934: 218) He argued that it was a mere pseudostatement. Hans Reichen- bach believed that Cogito “is one of the landmarks on the blind alley of traditional philosophy.” (Reichenbach 1938: 261). No other philosophical movement ever criticized Descartes’ Cogito so fiercely as logical positivists did. They criticized it on every occasion they could. (Schlick 1918: 85, 161; Carnap 1928: 261; Carnap 1932: 74; Schlick 1934: 218; Ayer 1936: 62, 187; Weinberg 1936: 184; Schlick 1936: 166; 184; Reichenbach 1938: 261; Von Mises 1939: 173; Reichenbach 1951: 35) This is understandable because they were radical empiricists. They firmly believed that no factual knowledge can be obtained a priori, by reason alone, and Descartes’ Cogito was seen as a raw model of rationalistic philosophy, perhaps of philosophy in general.

- by Boran Berčić
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- Self and Identity, Self-Knowledge, Logical Positivism, Descartes

A familiar puzzle about self-deception concerns how self-deception is possible in light of the paradoxes generated by a plausible way of defining it. A less familiar puzzle concerns how a certain type of self-deception–being self-deceived about one’s own intentional mental state–is possible in light of a plausible way of understanding the nature of self-knowledge. According to this understanding, we ordinarily do not infer our mental states from evidence, but then it’s puzzling how this sort of self-deception could occur given that self-deception arises from the mistreatment of evidence. This article argues that to accommodate this kind of self-deception we should accept that sometimes ordinary self-knowledge is inferential, but that this idea needn’t be so unappealing. In particular, by showing that such inferential self-knowledge can be both ‘transparent’ and ‘direct’, the article argues that it need not imply having an abnormal, ‘alienated’ relation to the mental state.

- by Kevin Lynch
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- Psychology of Unconscious, Self-Knowledge, Self-deception
- by Nicolas Six Cuvillier
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- Philosophy of Mind, Analytic Philosophy, Philosophy of Action, Perception

Concepts of "the self" and "self-awareness", and aspects of the experience of types of consciousness, are explored in terms of "cognitive" systems and their interactions. Some roles of the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and their interactions are considered in relation to sentient consciousness, the sense of self, and conscious regulation of behavior. This 'introductory paper' is composed of modified selected extracts from: totalBRAINtotalMIND Vol.1 : An Integrated Brain/Mind Architecture Part 2: A Cognitive Architecture (pp16 -136) Part 3. Total Brain: structure, development, function, and an integrated neurocognitive architecture (pp137-321). tBtM Vol.1 is now available as an e-book from: http://totalbraintotalmind.co.uk/

- by Eric Parkins
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- Neuroscience, Psychology, Behavioural Science, Clinical Psychology

Osborne argues against the idea that Aristotle thinks that friends are useful for assisting us towards self-knowledge, and defends instead the idea that friends provide an extension of the self which enables one to obtain a richer view of the shared world that we view together. She then examines similar questions about why the good person would gain from encountering fictional characters in literature, and what kinds of literature would be beneficial to the good life.

- by Catherine Rowett
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- Philosophy, Aristotle, Literature, Fictionality

Our journey to God really is one of being stripped down and approaching in our vulnerability and weakness, in our disgrace (lack of grace). The important thing to understand is that, when we feel “in control” we are inevitably putting up barriers, making it more difficult for us to be aware of graciousness of God. It is when we are conscious of our own shortcomings and fragility, not a morbid self-pitying way but consciously acknowledging the totality of our personality that we tend to be mostly receptive to the promptings and presence of God’s spirit. This is a personal account of one such journey.

- by Alan MacKenzie
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- Self and Identity, Self-Knowledge, Spirituality & Mysticism, Theology of Struggle
- by Julia Tanney
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- Self-Knowledge

The drive for a theoretical integration of psychotherapy arises out of is dissatisfaction with the inadequacy of single systems/theories. It has been suggested that there is a need for a 'meta-theory' that provides a framework to integrate different psychotherapy theories in terms of some shared construct. The theoretical integration should take into account behaviour, emotion, cognition, and interpersonal factors. In addition, trans-theoretical considerations should include theory and data from neurology and psychiatry. Some different integrative 'frameworks' are noted, including Clarkson's 'Systemic Integrative Psychotherapy'. Some neuroscience based frameworks for integration are also mentioned. It is proposed that homeostasis could serve as a meta-theory that encapsulates principles in terms of which to 'systematically' integrate aspects of psychotherapy, including trans-theoretical dimensions.

- by Eric Parkins
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- Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Play Therapy

PART I PRAYER (has only one question) Using the following from my " Ratio, Preces, Intuitus: Prayer's Mediation in Boethius' Consolation " [posted both on the Brightspace and Academia.edu] to outline what must be considered, explain the nature (or natures), role (or roles), and purpose (or purposes) of prayer in in Boethius' Consolation of Philosophy.

- by Wayne J Hankey
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- Neoplatonism and late antique philosophy, Prayer, Mysticism, Self-Knowledge

A true life story of facing war time conflict internally and externally to overcome extreme trauma, focusing on post lobotomy coping mechanisms and empowerment through reframing dynamics situations and sculpting the situation into your... more

- by Amber Coe
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- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Organizational Psychology, Positive Psychology

iii I defend a Constitutivist account of self-knowledge of the intentional attitudes consisting of two claims. First, for a class of self-beliefs, believing that you are in a mental state guarantees being in that state. Second, for a class of mental states, being in that state can be a source of knowledge that you are in it. The first thesis must be accepted in order to explain unique features of self-knowledge including its value, the roles it plays in reasoning, and the way in which it enables self-expression. The second thesis must be accepted in order to maintain the view that in inference a subject takes it that her premises support her conclusion.

- by Casey Doyle
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- Self-Knowledge

Resumen: Ya desde 1925 la Física Cuántica nos muestra que todo es básicamente energía, y consecuentemente está todo conectado. No hay una real separación neta entre sujetos, otros sujetos y objetos, como describe la Física Newtoniana. Desde tiempos inmemorables se habla de la UNIDAD, que somos todos uno, y ahora este concepto tiene fundamento científico y debemos entender las implicancias que esto conlleva. Nuestra sola existencia influencia al medio y somos influenciados por él. Lo que calificamos como objetos no son sólo partículas sino también ondas, pero son ondas de posibilidades, en el dominio de la potencialidad fuera del espacio/tiempo, que se manifiestan como partícula en presencia de un observador, nosotros. Y aquí existe una jerarquía entrelazada en donde no hay objeto sin observador, y no hay observador sin objeto. Ambos existen simultáneamente. Debemos integrar estos y otros conocimientos que aporta la Física Cuántica para mejorar la relación médico-paciente, para entender mejor el desarrollo de la psique humana, y ver desde otra perspectiva a las enfermedades o trastornos mentales, y físicos. De esta manera, con una visión integral del ser humano, comprenderemos cómo abordar de mejor manera los síntomas y cuadros clínicos a los que nos enfrentamos en la práctica diaria, prestando atención a los desbalances energéticos que originaron una situación determinada, y qué es necesario hacer para recuperar la armonía, para reestablecer el poder que todo ser humano tiene para crear y modificar su propia realidad, para hacernos responsables de nuestra existencia.

- by Mariana Planells
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- Psychology, Psychiatry, Self and Identity, Mental Health

Emotional knowledge is a form of self-knowledge which holds great interest for ordinary individuals. It is not obtained by any obligation but rather because we think it is crucial to obtain (Cassam 2017). In this article it is a matter of demonstrating that emotional knowledge holds an instrumental and a prudential value. By arguing that it can allow a control over our emotions, I shall maintain that emotional knowledge affects individual marginalization or acceptance in society. In addition, this type of knowledge is revealing of our personality by allowing us to identify our affective identities. Finally, I shall defend the idea that emotional knowledge contributes to the conduct of a good life. As such, my hypothesis could be viewed as incompatible with widespread ideas (Montaigne 2019), according to which the knowledge of our own emotions can trigger negative emotional states, e.g. mental rumination, anxiety, that do not contribute to our well-being.

- by De Vlieger Bertille
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- Values, Self-Knowledge, Emotions, Connaissance de soi

Il report seguente è il risultato di ricerche e ipotesi circa il trend tecnologico denominato Quantified Self (QS). Gli obiettivi della ricerca sono stati tre: comprendere il fenomeno e darne una definizione, analizzarlo dal punto di vista, antropologico, economico e tecnologico e infine, fare delle predizioni su quali possano essere gli eventuali sviluppi futuri. Le risposte a tali questioni si sono quindi tradotte nel presente report.
Nella sezione due, si spiega immediatamente cosa sia il QS, dandone una definizione il più possibile attuale e puntualizzandone le differenze con fenomeni simili. Le sezioni successive, dalla terza alla sesta trattano il fenomeno dal punto di vista antropologico: dopo aver descritto le origini e la community dei membri, si indagano sia i motivi che spingono l’individuo a diventare self-quantifier (SQ) sia la gestione della conoscenza applicata al fenomeno. La settima sezione è dedicata all’analisi del QS dal punto di vista economico. Non essendovi ancora un vero modello di business, la questione è stata affrontata soprattutto a livello qualitativo. L’analisi tecnologica del fenomeno, sviluppata nell’ottava sezione, si articola su tre livelli: driver tecnologici, ecosistema individuale di QS e progetto di self-tracking (ST). Nell’ultima sezione sono infine presenti alcune ipotesi su quanto ci si possa aspettare in futuro da questo trend tecnologico.
Il motivo che mi ha spinto ad indagare sul QS è principalmente personale: mi sono reso conto di aver iniziato ,inconsciamente, a tenere traccia di moltissimi aspetti della mia vita utilizzando ,a volte, tali dati come spinta per un cambiamento. Mi sono reso conto di essere diventato, se non un SQ, perlomeno un self tracker. Una volta compreso ciò, mi sono quindi interessato al fenomeno e ho immediatamente colto l’occasione per poterlo approfondire.

- by Gaetano Vivirito
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- Wearable Technologies, Self-Knowledge, Self Improvement, Quantified Self

У навчальному посібнику приверне увагу проблема життєвого світу та життєвого вибору, розгляд життєвих домагань та життєвих завдань як способу моделювання майбутнього. Знайдуть свого читача і розділи посібника, присвячені часу і простору людського життя, індивідуальній своєрідності, можливостям життєтворчості особистості.
Для психологів-практиків корисними будуть методичні додатки, що супроводжують кожний розділ. Запропоновані партитури авторських тренінгів, способи організації інших видів групової роботи, прийоми самодопомоги та поглиблення самопізнання сприятимуть розробці спеціалістами власних методик надання психологічної допомоги різним категоріям населення.

All knowledge is knowledge of self. All learning travels the path of selfunderstanding. The ancients translated this truth into a moral dictum: know thyself. Any philosophical approach to unraveling the puzzle of self-knowledge must travel through Kant's critical philosophy. His Critique is the Ohio in the election of an answer to the question, who am I? His Critique is the eye of the needle through which the camel of self-knowledge must travel in order to enter the kingdom. Thus, let us look back on the path we have traveled paying special attention to this question so that we will better be able to see what options are open to us by way of contemporary responses to Kant's philosophy of self-knowledge.

- by Seth Vannatta
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- Self-Knowledge, Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason
- by Deirdre Barrett
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- Creative Writing, Neuroscience, Psychology, Abnormal Psychology

Los siete ciclos del año ¿Por qué nos enfermamos más en cierta época del año? ¿Cuál es el mejor momento para iniciar una relación, empezar un negocio, viajar, o terminar lo que no conviene? Según la Numerología existen siete ciclos durante el año, los cuales se comienzan a contar desde el día de cumpleaños, cuya energía es propicia para determinadas actividades, y no muy favorable para otras. Esto, que aparentemente parece una superstición, se cree guarda relación con los biorritmos o ciclos biológicos que tenemos programados genéticamente. Algunos investigadores dentro del campo de la Metafísica y Teosofía han estado tratando de descubrir la relación que existe entre esas programaciones y los llamados Siete Ciclos del Año y estas son las conclusiones a las cuales han llegado.

- by Gerardo Vargas Elizondo
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- Self-Knowledge

"Moore and Raymond's Charmides is very impressive. The translation is excellent, and the Introduction and notes guide the reader into thorny problems in a way that renders them understandable: e.g., how to translate sôphrosunê, why we should care about self-knowledge, or how to seek to clarify important ethico-political concepts. The result provides almost all of what an instructor will need to introduce this unjustly neglected dialogue into a syllabus. Moreover, the volume is a wide-ranging resource for specialists. Students of the 'Socratic Dialogues' will profit greatly from this admirable contribution."
—David J. Murphy is co-editor of Antiphontis et Andocidis Orationes (Oxford) and author of "The Basis of the Text of Plato's Charmides" (Mnemosyne) and many other contributions on the Charmides. He lives in New York City.

- by Christopher Moore and +1
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- Socrates, Self-Knowledge, Critias, Representations of Socrates

This chapter offers a critical review of the scientific research on choking effect. Elaborating on Baumeister’s model, the chapter describes various levels and forms of self-consciousness (perceptual, emotional, motivational, psychological), and explores how they causally link to the disruption of sensorimotor skills in expert athletes. We propose to construe choking from the theoretical perspective of embodied cognition theory, as this approach can effectively account for all the particular ways in which self-consciousness influences how the performer perceives and handles pressure.
The first part of the chapter reviews the experiments and the models suggesting that choking is engendered by perceptual and motoric self-consciousness (i.e., the condition in which the athlete over-scrutinizes certain aspects of her/his own actions, explicitly controlling her/his movement in the attempt to improve the performance output). The second part explores a different aspect of self-consciousness, linked to how the psychological, motivational, and emotional backdrop of the athlete’s experience under pressure influences self-presentation and self-esteem – an influence that can negatively affect performance through the mediation of disruptive personal narratives and social constructions of identity.

- by Massimiliano L Cappuccio and +1
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- Development Studies, Anxiety Disorders, Expertise, Performance Studies

Kants Position zur moralischen Selbsterkenntnis liegt zwischen den beiden Polen des Cartesianismus und des Behaviorismus. Hinsichtlich des Wissens um die eigenen Maximeninhalte vertritt Kant die cartesische Direktheitsthese und m.E. auch die Unfehlbarkeitsthese. Die beiden anderen Aspekte der moralischen Selbsterkenntnis – das Wissen um die Pflichtgemäßheit der Maximen und das Wissen um die Handlungsmotive – sind Kant zufolge allerdings weder infallibel, noch unbezweifelbar, noch direkt. Und obgleich Überzeugungen hinsichtlich der eigenen Handlungsmotive in Zweifel gezogen werden und sich als falsch erweisen können, sind sie dennoch verläßlicher als Überzeugungen hinsichtlich der Handlungsmotive anderer.

- by Sven Bernecker
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- Self-Knowledge, Intention, Kantian ethics

MARÍA DEL ROSARIO NEWMAN, Metafísica de la inteligibilidad y la autoconciencia en Tomás de Aquino. Colección de pensamiento medieval y renacentista, nº 148. Pamplona: EUNSA, 2014, 274 pp. ISBN: 978-84-313-2995 La teoría del conocimiento de santo Tomás de Aquino es un pozo sin fondo del cual siempre es posible extraer el precioso licor de una sabiduría capaz de dialogar con los hallazgos del pensamiento moderno y contemporáneo. Prueba de ello son las abundantes publicaciones que a este respecto se multiplican continuamente. Entre las distintas facetas que más pueden ayudar a poner al Aquinate frente a frente con la fi losofía nacida de la modernidad se encuentran sus refl exiones acerca de lo que se suele denominar conciencia. Éste es el tema que la profesora Neuman (miembro del Instituto Santo Tomás de la Fundación Balmesiana) nos invita a considerar, proponiéndonos una aproximación metafísica a dicho asunto. De tal modo, asume las tesis de santo Tomás para penetrar en la realidad en cuanto tal, no dándose por satisfecha con la mera erudición histórica. Por este motivo, es distintivo de esta obra el estudio de santo Tomás de la mano de distintos tomistas contemporáneos, escogidos como representantes de una fi losofía comprometida con las cosas mismas. En particular, se aprecia una continua referencia a Canals Vidal y, en segundo lugar, a miembros de la Escuela Tomista de Barcelona, así como otros renombrados fi lósofos españoles: "[…] el lugar que tienen en este trabajo pensadores como Antonio Millán-Puelles, Francisco Canals Vidal, Jaume Bofi ll Bofi ll, y Jesús García López, entre otros, no es arbitrario. Me ha interesado sobre todo la profundidad metafísica con que estos autores abordaban los temas centrales de esta investigación" (p. 25). Se debe decir empero que el método excesivamente ecléctico seguido por la autora no le ayuda siempre a concentrarse en el pensamiento del Aquinate y quizá algunos otros autores, como Maréchal, hayan tenido un efecto negativo en la síntesis realizada.

- by David Torrijos-Castrillejo
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- Philosophy, Metaphysics, Philosophy of Mind, Medieval Philosophy