Smartphone Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

This article explores a wide range of issues linked to the central theme: the use of the smartphone in the period of early formation of candidates intending to join the Salesians of Don Bosco. It begins with a brief presentation of the growth of the Internet and highlights some of its social consequences. It looks back at the founder's attitude to technological change, and examines the Salesian documentation already available on social communication. A mini opinion poll among members of an international group of young religious and priests accustomed to smartphone-use helps to concretize the dilemma, while the Salesian World Coucillors of Communication and Formation are invited to share their views. The article concludes by providing some guidelines for the formation of candidates to Salesian consecrated life in a globally networked society.

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- Communication, Education, Catholic Studies, Digital Media

Background and Objectives: With the pervasive use of digital devices, especially smartphones, concerns about their harmful effects on vision has increased. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of long-term activity with a smartphone on the accuracy of lag of accommodation of two eyes. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 27(16 females and 11 males) students and staff (23 students and 4 staff) of the Iran University of Medical Science with a Mean±SD age of 25.29±4.72 years, with a visual acuity of 10/10, and emmetropic refraction with the available sampling method were selected. At first, the participants used a smartphone for an hour, and then, the lag of accommodation of two eyes was assessed with the monocular estimate method. Results: Lag of accommodation of the right eye (P=0.001) and left eye (P=0.001) both statically increased significantly after one hour of smartphone use. However, no significant difference was found between the lag of accommodation of two eyes after near work with a smartphone (P=0.265). Conclusion: The present study confirmed the relationship between long-term near work with a smartphone and increased lag of accommodation.

- by Function and Disability Journal
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- Accommodation, Smartphone, Digital Device

The dataset contains 950 Android application logs from different malware categories. Applications are instrumented by human (real human-interaction) so the behavior logs highly assemble real world executing of Android apps. The dataset contains 440 malicious and 508 benign (normal) app logs. The logs have been captured for XDroid project. You can find more details on the dataset in the paper.

- by Bahman Rashidi
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- Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Android Science, Malware Analysis

We introduce a portable biochemical analysis platform for rapid field deployment of nucleic acid-based diagnostics using consumer-class quadcopter drones. This approach exploits the ability to isothermally perform the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a single heater, enabling the system to be operated using standard 5 V USB sources that power mobile devices (via battery, solar, or hand crank action). Time-resolved fluorescence detection and quantification is achieved using a smartphone camera and integrated image analysis app. Standard sample preparation is enabled by leveraging the drone's motors as centrifuges via 3D printed snap-on attachments. These advancements make it possible to build a complete DNA/RNA analysis system at a cost of ~ 50(50 (50(US). Our instrument is rugged and versatile, enabling pinpoint deployment of sophisticated diagnostics to distributed field sites. This capability is demonstrated by successful in-flight replication of Staphylococcus aureus and λ-ph...

- by Miguel Carpio
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Telemedicine

Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are prevalent experiences that can induce distress and impede social functioning. While most voice hearers benefit from antipsychotic medication or cognitive-behavioural therapy, additional effective interventions are needed to reduce the burden of experiencing AVH. 'Temstem' is an easily accessible and useable smartphone application that was developed by designers in close cooperation with voice hearers and experts. By using language games, Temstem aims to reduce distress and improve social functioning. This is a single-blind multicentre randomised controlled trial with two arms: 'Temstem+AVH monitoring' versus 'AVH monitoring' (total n=100). Participants are adult patients who suffer daily from AVH and will be recruited in outpatient units. Primary assessment in daily life is made by the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) and daily monitoring with the PsyMate app. During an ESM period of 6 days, participants assess their m...

- by Philippe Delespaul
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- Research Design, Video Games, Attention, Self Care

High-tech products (such as smartphones, notebooks, and tablets) have been characterized as being increasingly similar between brands, having too many slightly different choices, and providing complex information. In buying these products, many consumers fi nd it diffi cult to differentiate between brands, evaluate over alternatives, and make a good purchase decision. Such situation is known as consumer confusion phenomenon. Previous studies have revealed that consumer confusion is becoming a problem for both consumers and marketers. However, the topic still needs further examination, especially in the context of a developing country. The present study aims to examine consumers ’ general tendency to become confused and its effect on word of mouth, trust and consumer satisfaction. The product context is smartphones, while the sample consists of 150 university students who had experiences in using or buying smartphones. Nine research hypotheses were tested using multiple regression an...

- by malisa rosadi
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- Economics, International Business, Trust, Word of Mouth
- by Ayhan Cömert
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- Humans, Child, Female, Mobile Applications
- by Mohammed Lubbad
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- Wireless Communications, Global Positioning System, Network, Android

Introduction: Medical applications help physicians to make more rapid and evidence based decisions that may provide better patient care. This study aimed to determine the extent to which smart phones and medical applications are integrated in the emergency department daily practice. Methods: In a cross sectional study, a modified standard questionnaire (Payne et al.) consisting of demographic data and information regarding quality and quantity of smartphone and medical app utilization was sent to emergency-medicine residents and interns twice (two weeks apart), in January 2015. The questionnaire was put online using open access "Web-form Module" and the address of the web page was e-mailed along with a cover letter explaining the survey. Finally, responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS 22 software. Results: 65 cases participated (response rate 86%). The mean age of interns and residents were 25.03 ± 1.13 and 30.27 ± 4.68 years, respectively (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between interns and residents in owning a smartphone (p = 0.5). Android was more popular than IOS (67.7% against 25.8%) and the most popular medical apps were Med-scape and UpToDate, respectively. 38 (61.3%) of the respondents were using their apps more than once a day and mostly for drug information. English (83.9%), Persian (12.9%), and other languages (3.2%) were preferred languages for designing a medical software among the participants, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of present study showed that smartphones are very popular among Iranian interns and residents in emergency department and a substantial number of them own a smartphone and are using medical apps regularly in their clinical practice.

- by Emergency Journal and +1
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- Public Health, Evidence-based practice, Mobile Applications, Hospital

This study directly tests the effect of the "Big Five " personality traits on smartphone ownership and use. Although researchers have tested the impact of personality the use of on communication technology, this is the first study that specifically examines smartphone use. Logistic regression and hierarchical linear regression were used to analyze results from a sample of 312 participants. We found that extraverted individuals were more likely to own a smartphone. Also, extraverts reported a greater importance on the texting function of smartphones. More agreeable individuals place greater importance on using the smartphone to make calls and less importance on texting.

- by Chris Manner
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- Personality, Logistic Regression, Key words, Extraversion
- by Judith MacCormick and +1
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- Information Systems, Information Science, Information Technology, Management Information Systems

Meal lipids (LIP) and proteins (PRO) may influence the effect of insulin doses based on carbohydrate (CHO) counting in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We developed a smartphone application for CHO, LIP, and PRO counting in daily food and assessed its usability in real-life conditions and potential usefulness. Ten T1D patients used the android application for 1 week to collect their food intakes. Data included meal composition, premeal and 2-hour postmeal blood glucose, corrections for hypo- or hyperglycemia after meals, and time for entering meals in the application. Meal insulin doses were based on patients' CHO counting (application in blinded mode). Linear mixed models were used to assess the statistical differences. In all, 187 meals were analyzed. Average computed CHO amount was 74.37 ± 31.78 grams; LIP amount: 20.26 ± 14.28 grams and PRO amount: 25.68 ± 16.68 grams. Average CHO, LIP, and PRO contents were significantly different between breakfast and lunch/dinner. The...

- by Vera Georgescu
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- Nutrition and Dietetics, Biomarkers, Treatment Outcome, Linear models

Internet-enabled 'Smartphones' are becoming ever more used by people with Learning Disabilities (LD) for entertainment, to socialise and enjoy self-expression. Despite this, there is a paucity of research into the experiences of this cohort in using this technology, the barriers they may encounter or the benefits accrued. The study to be presented addresses this gap by exploring the issues via in-depth group and individual interview and observation with 11 adults (aged 17-40) in a case study at a Day Centre in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, for People with LD. Interviews were content-analysed to elicit themes such as expressions of self-advocacy; information-seeking, barriers to use etc. Usability issues were also explored by participatory observation of device usage during individual interviews. From such an examination, a rich picture emerged of the part mobile digital technology plays in the lives of this cohort in Brazil. As the study formed part of a much larger one based in the UK, having similar aims, objectives and methods, results are compared to those being gathered for the UK-based research, to explore any cultural or social differences that may affect the impact of mobile devices on the lives of people with LD.

- by IJCSMC Journal and +1
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- Information Systems, Computer Science, Information Technology, Technology
- by Tula Giannini
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- Sociology, Cultural Studies, Media Sociology, Sociology of Culture
- by Aaron Arhin
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- Discourse Analysis, Forensic Psychology, Computer Science, Forensics
- by Nancy Van House
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- Photography, Social Media, Photography (Visual Studies), Mobile Photography
- by Rejo Mathew
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- Privacy, Network Security, Security, Android

Background Smartphone use has increased greatly at a time when concerns about society's disconnection from nature have also markedly increased. Recent research has also indicated that smartphone use can be problematic for a small minority of individuals. Methods In this study, associations between problematic smartphone use (PSU), nature connectedness, and anxiety were investigated using a cross-sectional design (n = 244). Results Associations between PSU and both nature connectedness and anxiety were confirmed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify threshold values on the Problematic Smartphone Use Scale (PSUS) at which strong associations with anxiety and nature connectedness occur. The area under the curve was calculated and positive likelihood ratios used as a diagnostic parameter to identify optimal cut-off for PSU. These provided good diagnostic ability for nature connectedness, but poor and non-significant results for anxiety. ROC analysis s...

- by Miles Richardson
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- Social Psychology, Anxiety, Humans, Mindfulness and well being
- by Lucie Laflamme
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- Computer Science, Biomedical Engineering, Photography, Medicine
- by Sagar Acharya
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- Privacy, Security, Internet Banking, Android
- by Sandra Schuck
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- Music, Technology, Higher Education, Mobile Technology
- by Maral Jamalova and +1
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- Psychology, Computer Science, Distributed Computing, Smartphone

Nowadays, the technology is going rapidly around the world, especially Smartphone. As the most popular communication tool, Smartphone has many benefits for humans, especially for the students. It can be very useful to help students in learning process. Present tenses (simple present tense and present continuous tense) are basic materials of Grammar to help the students understand about English language. The use of present tenses based on curriculum of Junior High School is very important to build their understand about texts, such as procedure and descriptive texts, but in the fact there are many students who still confuse about present tenses. This article is examined the efficacy of using Rosetta Stone, one of the popular study applications, to help students of eighth grade of Junior High School more understand about English language, especially grammar for through simple present tense and present continuous tense. This article uses Assure analysis to know the use of Rosetta Stone.. Assure analysis is an instructional design model that has the goal of producing more effective teaching and learning. The method to use the media is Drill and practice; it means that the students are led through a series of practice exercises designed to increase fluency in a new skill or to refresh an existing one. This study focuses on grammar skill that can be learned in the formula of simple present tense and present continuous tense. After using Rosetta stone for their study, the students are able to understand the formula of simple present

- by Wildan Wicaksana
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- Application, Junior High School, Smartphone, Rosetta Stone

Smartphones are used not only for fundamental purposes like calling and messaging but also for a host of other useful functions. India surpassed the USA in terms of smartphone users in 2017 with an estimated smartphone user base of 340 million. There is lack of a comprehensive study that examines the concept of smartphone dependency in the context of youth in India. Researchers decided to consider university student as the unit of analysis for the current study, since they are the primary adopters of innovative technology like smartphones. Convenience sampling was employed to select the desired sample from the central universities. Survey instrument was developed from scales suggested by previous researchers and administered personally by the researchers. Results revealed, probably for the first time in Indian context, that hedonism and habit were relevant in the context of smartphone dependency along with social needs, social influence and convenience. Confirmatory Factor Analysis resulted in a parsimonious scale consisting of 21 items. Results are crucial for both academicians and marketers. The study findings indicate that marketers need to emphasise on features like larger memory space, more interactive interface, greater data transfer speed, easier connectivity to devices and enhanced facility to access documents.

- by Publishing India Group and +1
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- Addiction, Scales, CFA, Smartphone
- by Ehigiator Egho
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- Discourse Analysis, Forensic Psychology, Computer Science, Forensics

The purpose of this review is to provide a systematic analysis of studies investigating the use of augmented reality (AR) to improve the social communications skills of individuals (children and adults) diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This review synthesizes the AR technology, research design, data collection methods, settings, and intervention outcomes. Across the studies, the effect of using AR towards the learning of individuals was positive. However, given the wide variety of skills targeted in the shortlisted studies, and the heterogeneity of the participants, a summative conclusion regarding the effectiveness of AR for teaching social communication skills to an individual with ASD based on the existing literature is not possible. Future research addressing this area as well as the relative effectiveness of AR among more participants, different technologies supporting AR, its intervention, and the evaluation in the classroom environment is warranted.

- by Kamran Khowaja and +1
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- Technology, Research Design, Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abstrak— Perangkat Android yang memiliki teknologi tinggi dengan kemampuan seperti komputer atau biasa disebut smartphone memiliki pengguna yang banyak. Hampir tiap aktifitas perangkat ini tidak pernah ditinggal. Banyak fitur yang terdapat pada smartphone, salah satunya fitur yang dimiliki hampir semua handphone adalah game atau aplikasi pembelajaran lain, dari bnyaknya kalangan yang suka bermain gitar tetapi ribet dalam belajar dan mengetahui kunci-kunci gitar apa saja dan harus membawa kesana kemari buku panduan kunci gitar, belum juga hal yang di tampilakan hanyalah sebuah gambar dan tulisan. Berdasarkan kondisi diatas dibuatlah Pembelajaran Chore Gitar Berbasis Android yang bisa dengan mudah menerapaknnya dengan adanya gambar, suara, lagu, dan video yang sudah dilengkapi dengan kunci gitar dan suara dari kunci tersebut. Diharapkan aplikasi ini bisa membantu dalam pembelajaran gitar dan menggantikan peran pengguna untuk belajar kunci gitar lebih menyenangkan.

The widespread diffusion of smartphones has opened new challenges regarding the psychological
consequences of their usage on social relationships. The term phubbing (a combination of phone and
snubbing) indicates the act of ignoring someone in a social context by paying attention to the
smartphone. The few existing studies show that phubbing is widespread, mutually reinforced, and
socially accepted, with possible negative consequences for social and individual well-being.
Phubbing can occur in every social context, including romantic relationships, workplaces, and family.
However, to date, minimal attention has been given to the possible impact that phubbing carried out
by parents can have on their children. To start filling this gap, in this paper, we introduced a new scale
that measures the perception of being subject to parental phubbing and showed the prevalence of
perceived phubbing on a stratified sample of 3,289 adolescents. Firstly, the dimensionality, validity,
and invariance of the construct were proven. Moreover, our results showed a positive relationship
between children’s perceived levels of parental phubbing and their feelings of social disconnection
with parents, thus suggesting that the more children felt that one or both of their parents were
phubbing them, the less the children felt connected with their parents

- by Tiziano Gerosa and +1
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- Digital Media, Social Exclusion, Family Relations, Parents
- by AASIM IMTIAZ
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- Marketing, Brand Image, Brand, Mobile phone

Android® forensics have progressed overtime providing vital opportunities as well as existing challenges. As an open source platform, Android provides freedom to developers to make contribution towards the rapid growth of the Android market. On the other hand, users of Android devices might not be familiar with the privacy and security implications of installing mobile application on their cell phones. Users might assume that a device that is password locked protects their personal information, but the devices might preserve the personal information on the devices in ways the end users might not be aware of. This research focuses on one of these applications 'WhatsApp®', a very popular social networking mobile application. This research outlines the ways forensic investigators can extract valuable information from WhatsApp and from similar mobile applications installed on the Android platform. The major focus is the extraction and analysis of the data of the application user from non-volatile external storage and the volatile memory (RAM) of an Android device.

- by IRJCS: : International Research Journal of Computer Science and +2
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- Discourse Analysis, Forensic Psychology, Forensics, Foreign Policy Analysis

Through this article, we would like to propose the method of urgent information notification or an early warning about the dangers that occur in the college environment by utilizing smartphone devices. Early warning notification media currently still has many shortcomings, a little passive, not directly to the parties who need the information. The media we mean is like a notice board or website portal owned by a college. In other words, the given early warning information may be targeted or otherwise. Therefore, here we try to provide a solution to this problem, which is by utilizing smartphone device to convey information of early warning that is happening or will occur in a campus environment. This information notification system or the early warning system is called e-Announcement. 1. Introduction Currently, notification of urgent information such as hazard warnings in a college is still using traditional media such as bulletin boards or through website portals. If we want more advanced again, the college can take advantage of information technology in the form of social media in conveying academic information. However, both traditional media and the use of social media-based technology still have limitations, i.e. less effective in find target of information delivery. If an urgent information announcement such as a hazard warning in a college is posted on a bulletin board, then anyone can see it, either in need or not. If the academic notices are posted on the website or social media page, anyone can visit it, can see but not necessarily need that urgent information. With our e-Announcement, it is hoped that urgent information such as hazard warning in a college can achieve the target accurately and quickly. Perhaps the question arises how the urgent information from a college can be targeted and done in a short time? The answer, e-Announcement that we propose requires the student to register first. After registering, user data will be stored in the database. So when the mobile platform passes the urgent information notification from the back-end app, the first thing to do is check the student ID that has been registered in the database. Related research that utilizes a smartphone device to solve various problems in life has been done by some researchers [1]-[6]. One example is the use of smartphones to provide notification of departure and arrival of the bus to a station [7]. Another example is the notification of the closest route or route to a safe place from the disaster centre [8]. So it is expected to minimize the number of victims and damage that occurred. There are also researchers who focus on notification system performance in providing services to users [9]. The notification system can also be used to notify whether there is a Wi-Fi network or internet hotspot somewhere [10]. And still many other studies, related to the use of

- by Rendra Gustriansyah
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- Notification Systems, College, Smartphone, e-announcement
- by S. Mellone
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- Mechanical Engineering, Signal Processing, Privacy, Mobile Technology
- by moon miftah
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- Personality, Logistic Regression, Extraversion, Agreeableness

- by Ehigiator Egho
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- Discourse Analysis, Forensic Psychology, Computer Science, Forensics
- by Black Miftah
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- Addiction, Social Media, Health, Social impact

The research and communications for detecting mobile security threats with the best protection practices of applications have become essential goals nowadays due to the continuous discoveries of new vulnerabilities. The internet and web-based activities have been increased drastically in recent times by users of all categories. Users have extensively started involved in gaming, banking, frequent bill payment, entertainment, and other network and online activities that are requiring a large number of mobile phone protection and security mechanisms in response to advancements in full-stack applications and wireless networks. The goal of this paper is to uncover the best-applied practices in the domain of mobile security to protect smartphone devices. The main advantages of smartphones are small size with easiness in carrying anywhere and can be a replacement for computing devices in some ways for example emails. Unfortunately, the convenience of using smartphones to do the private task is the loophole cyber attackers need to gain access to personal data. Thus, this paper proposed eight best practices to protect and secure smart mobile phones.

- by IJEACS UK
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- Intelligent Systems, Mobile Security, Smartphone, Mobile Protected Areas

The Purpose of this report is to conduct a market analysis of Apple Inc. and discuss its commitments and brand strength. This report will also discuss Apple Inc. business strategy, its privacy policies, goals and market share. Furthermore this report will analyse the smartphone industry globally and identify the market size of the smartphone industry. This report will also identify the key factors that can add value to the smartphone industry in terms of B2B environment. This report will identify key players in smartphone market globally and provide the segmentation of business consumers in smartphone market. This report will identify the smartphone market segmentation approaches and finally this report will discuss the future growth of smartphone market.

- by Mosa Zaidi
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- Business, Brand Management, Strategic Management, Environmental Management

With billions of people using smartphones and the exponential growth of smartphone apps, it is prohibitive for app marketplaces, such as Google App Store, to thoroughly verify if an app is legitimate or malicious. As a result, mobile users are left to decide for themselves whether an app is safe to use. Even worse, recent studies have shown that over 70% of apps in markets request to collect data irrelevant to the main functions of the apps, which could cause leaking of private information or inefficient use of mobile resources. It is worth mentioning that since resource management mechanism of mobile devices is different from PC machines, existing security solutions in PC malware area are not quite compatible with mobile devices. Therefore, academic researchers and commercial anti-malware companies have proposed many security mechanisms to address the security issues of the Android devices. Considering the mechanisms and techniques which are different in nature and used in proposed works, they can be classified into different categories. In this survey, we discuss the existing Android security threats and existing security enforcements solutions between 2010-2015 and try to classify works and review their functionalities. We review a few works of each class. The survey also reviews the strength and weak points of the solutions.

- by Carol Fung and +1
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- Computer Science, Computer Security And Reliability, Information Security, Computer Engineering
- by Haiwei Liao
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- Value chain analysis, Smartphone

As the capabilities of mobile phones have increased, the potential of their negative use has also increased tremendously. For example, use of mobile phones while driving or in high-security zones can lead to accidents, information leaks and security breaches. In this paper, we use deep-learning algorithms viz., single shot multiBox detector (SSD) and faster-region based convolution neural network (Faster-RCNN), to detect mobile phone usage. We highlight the importance of mobile phone usage detection and the challenges involved in it. We have used a subset of State Farm Distracted Driver Detection dataset from Kaggle, which we term as Kag-gleDriver dataset. In addition, we have created a dataset on mobile phone usage, which we term as IITH-dataset on mobile phone usage (IITH-DMU). Although small, IITH-DMU is more generic than the KaggleDriver dataset, since it has images with higher amount of variation in foreground and background objects. Ours is possibly the first work to perform mobile-phone detection for a wide range of scenarios. On the KaggleDriver dataset, the AP at 0.5IoU is 98.97% with SSD and 98.84% with Faster-RCNN. On the IITH-DMU dataset, these numbers are 92.6% for SSD and 95.92% for Faster-RCNN. These pretrained models and the datasets are available at sites.google.com/view/mobile-phone-usage-detection.

- by Sparsh Mittal and +1
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- Artificial Intelligence, Image Processing, Machine Learning, Mobile phone
- by Aloha Shells
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- Addiction, Social Media, Health, Social impact
- by André Pottes
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- Mobile Technology, Mobile Computing, Mobile HCI, Smartphones

La era digital ha generado mejoras en la comunicación, pero también desafíos. El uso constante de los dispositivos electrónicos genera problemas en la interacción persona-persona; es un efecto que asocia a niños, jóvenes y adultos. En la presente investigación se analiza una población de n=366 sujetos, entre padres de familia, profesores y estudiantes de 5to, 6to y 7mo grado de EGB Media abordando dos dimensiones de estudio a) frecuencia de uso de las TIC en estudiantes y b) nivel de control de padres y profesores. El manuscrito expone los resultados de la aplicación de una escala con garantías de fiabilidad (α= .89), además de un modelo de entrevista para padres y profesores. El mayor uso que le dan a Internet es entretenimiento (43.2% niños - 57.4% niñas), y un 40.9% de niños y 59.1% de niñas tienen cuentas activas en redes sociales.

- by Andrés García-Umaña and +1
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- Education, TICs aplicadas a la Educacion, Smartphone, Adicciones

Resumo: A indústria de smartphones é um setor de alta tecnologia que conta com a participação de grandes empresas. Esse mercado é marcado pela elevada rivalidade entre as empresas participantes, com constante disputa pela preferência dos... more

- by gustavo Rosenburg
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- Apple, Porter's 5 forces, Porter, Iphone

The concept of " leisure time " originally refers to times that one does not work, but mentally improves themselves. Reading, is the primary activity that helps people to improve themselves in this way. However, today, most of the youth see reading books as a tiring activity to do, and it is an undeniable fact that, especially young peoples' leisure times are occupied by smartphone technology which provides them many facilities of entertainment. Accordingly, this study aims to search if there is a relationship between addictive smartphone usage and book reading attitudes of Turkish youth. Through implementing the survey method on 344 young participants, this study found that although females seem to have more positive attitudes towards book reading, smartphone addiction of youth does not reveal a difference in terms of gender or education level. More importantly, it is found in this study that addictive smartphone use has a negative impact on book reading attitudes of Turkish youth in general. This finding is significant considering the essentiality of reading books for youth, and decreasing rates of extra-curricular or off work book reading around the world.

Modern mobile phones, featuring high performance microprocessors, rich set of sensors and internet connectivity are largely diffused all over the world and are ideal devices for the development of low-cost sensing systems, in particular for low-income developing countries and rural areas that lack the access to diagnostic laboratories and expensive instrumentation. In the design of a smartphone based sensing system different elements must be taken in consideration such as sensors performance, acquisition rate and privacy preserving strategies when personal data must be shared in the cloud. In this paper a sensor-centric survey on smartphone based sensing systems is presented, covering different fields of application. Two different development approaches will be discussed: 1) the exploitation of the large number of sensors embedded in modern smartphones (high-resolution camera, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, GPS); 2) the interfacing with external sensors that communicate with the smartphone by the embedded wireless or wired communication technology.

- by Marco Grossi
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- Sensors and Sensing, Mobile Technology, Sensor, Embedded Systems

Background and aims: Research examining problematic mobile phone use has increased markedly over the past 5 years and has been related to " no mobile phone phobia " (so-called nomophobia). The 20-item Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) is the only instrument that assesses nomophobia with an underlying theoretical structure and robust psychometric testing. This study aimed to confirm the construct validity of the Persian NMP-Q using Rasch and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models. Methods: After ensuring the linguistic validity, Rasch models were used to examine the unidimensionality of each Persian NMP-Q factor among 3,216 Iranian adolescents and CFAs were used to confirm its four-factor structure. Differential item functioning (DIF) and multigroup CFA were used to examine whether males and females interpreted the NMP-Q similarly, including item content and NMP-Q structure. Results: Each factor was unidimensional according to the Rach findings, and the four-factor structure was supported by CFA. Two items did not quite fit the Rasch models (Item 14: " I would be nervous because I could not know if someone had tried to get a hold of me; " Item 9: " If I could not check my smartphone for a while, I would feel a desire to check it "). No DIF items were found across gender and measurement invariance was supported in multigroup CFA across gender. Conclusions: Due to the satisfactory psychometric properties, it is concluded that the Persian NMP-Q can be used to assess nomophobia among adolescents. Moreover, NMP-Q users may compare its scores between genders in the knowledge that there are no score differences contributed by different understandings of NMP-Q items.

- by Mark D Griffiths
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- Cyberpsychology, Social Networking, Social Media, Mobile Phones