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Archibald Douglas, Earl of Douglas and Wigtown, Lord of Galloway, Douglas and Bothwell (c. 1330 – c. 24 December 1400), called Archibald the Grim or Black Archibald, was a late medieval Scottish nobleman. Archibald was the bastard son of Sir James "the Black" Douglas, Robert I's trusted lieutenant, and an unknown mother. A first cousin of William 1st Earl of Douglas, he inherited the earldom of Douglas and its entailed estates as the third earl following the death without legitimate issue of James 2nd Earl of Douglas at the Battle of Otterburn. (en) Archibald Douglas, 3. Earl of Douglas, genannt the Grim (der Grimmige) (* um 1325; † um 24. Dezember 1400 in ) war ein schottischer Adliger. Archibald war ein unehelicher Sohn des Generals und Heerführers Sir James, Laird of Douglas (1286–1330). Archibald kämpfte auf französischer Seite in der Schlacht bei Maupertuis am 19. September 1356 und wurde spätestens 1357 zum Ritter geschlagen. Er war Lord Warden of the Marches seit 1368 und war einer der Hauptverantwortlichen für den Friedensvertrag mit England vom 16. Juli 1390. 1369 erwarb der die feudale Baronie Galloway und ließ dort im Folgejahr Threave Castle errichten. 1372 kaufte er die Ländereien des . Ob hiermit auch der formelle Erwerb des Titels Earl of Wigtown verbunden war ist unklar, jedenfalls erwarb er für sich und seine Erben die faktische Herrschaft über Wigtownshire. Die Ländereien seines Vaters waren 1330 an Archibalds Halbbruder William of Douglas gefallen und nach dessen Tod in der Schlacht von Halidon Hill 1333, wegen Archibalds illegitimer Geburt, an seinen Onkel Hugh of Douglas († um 1347) und weiter an seinen Vetter William Douglas, 1. Earl of Douglas († 1384) gelangt. Beim Tod von dessen Sohn James Douglas, 2. Earl of Douglas erbte schließlich 1388 Archibald die Besitzungen der Familie einschließlich des Stammsitzes Douglas Castle sowie den Titel 3. Earl of Douglas. (de) Archibald Douglas dit le sinistre ou le hideux (Archibald the Grim en anglais) (vers 1320 – 24 décembre 1400), est un important baron écossais. Également surnommé Archibald le Noir, il fut seigneur de Galloway, seigneur de Douglas et 3e comte de Douglas, seigneur de Bothwell. (fr) Archibald Douglas, III conte di Douglas (Scozia, 1328 circa – Scozia, 1400), è stato un nobile scozzese, figlio illegittimo di James Douglas. (it) Арчибальд «Свирепый» Дуглас (англ. Archibald «the Grim» Douglas, ок. 1328—1400), 3-й граф Дуглас (с 1388 года) — шотландский дворянин из рода Дугласов, третий граф Дуглас. (ru) Archibald Douglas, 3:e earl av Douglas, kallad "den grymme" (the grim), född omkring 1328, död 1400, var en skotsk adelsman, oäkta son till James Douglas, lord av Douglas, far till Archibald Douglas, 4:e earl av Douglas. Douglas räddades genom list från engelsk fångenskap vid Poitiers, stod sedan på David Bruces sida mot Robert Stuart och blev 1364 gränsbefälhavare. År 1371 hyllade han Robert II och fortsatte även under dennes regering att styra gränsområdet och hålla engelsmännen på avstånd. Han föranstaltade den uppteckning av gränstrakternas sedvanerätt, som under hans namn promulgerades 1448. Sedan han 1388 ärvt sin kusinsons gods och earlvärdighet, var han den mäktigaste mannen i Skottland, allrahelst som han gift in en son och en dotter i kungahuset. (sv) |
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Lord of Galloway (en) Earl of Douglas (en) Earl of Wigtown (en) Lord ofBothwell (en) |
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Archibald Douglas, Earl of Douglas and Wigtown, Lord of Galloway, Douglas and Bothwell (c. 1330 – c. 24 December 1400), called Archibald the Grim or Black Archibald, was a late medieval Scottish nobleman. Archibald was the bastard son of Sir James "the Black" Douglas, Robert I's trusted lieutenant, and an unknown mother. A first cousin of William 1st Earl of Douglas, he inherited the earldom of Douglas and its entailed estates as the third earl following the death without legitimate issue of James 2nd Earl of Douglas at the Battle of Otterburn. (en) Archibald Douglas dit le sinistre ou le hideux (Archibald the Grim en anglais) (vers 1320 – 24 décembre 1400), est un important baron écossais. Également surnommé Archibald le Noir, il fut seigneur de Galloway, seigneur de Douglas et 3e comte de Douglas, seigneur de Bothwell. (fr) Archibald Douglas, III conte di Douglas (Scozia, 1328 circa – Scozia, 1400), è stato un nobile scozzese, figlio illegittimo di James Douglas. (it) Арчибальд «Свирепый» Дуглас (англ. Archibald «the Grim» Douglas, ок. 1328—1400), 3-й граф Дуглас (с 1388 года) — шотландский дворянин из рода Дугласов, третий граф Дуглас. (ru) Archibald Douglas, 3. Earl of Douglas, genannt the Grim (der Grimmige) (* um 1325; † um 24. Dezember 1400 in ) war ein schottischer Adliger. Archibald war ein unehelicher Sohn des Generals und Heerführers Sir James, Laird of Douglas (1286–1330). 1372 kaufte er die Ländereien des . Ob hiermit auch der formelle Erwerb des Titels Earl of Wigtown verbunden war ist unklar, jedenfalls erwarb er für sich und seine Erben die faktische Herrschaft über Wigtownshire. (de) Archibald Douglas, 3:e earl av Douglas, kallad "den grymme" (the grim), född omkring 1328, död 1400, var en skotsk adelsman, oäkta son till James Douglas, lord av Douglas, far till Archibald Douglas, 4:e earl av Douglas. Douglas räddades genom list från engelsk fångenskap vid Poitiers, stod sedan på David Bruces sida mot Robert Stuart och blev 1364 gränsbefälhavare. År 1371 hyllade han Robert II och fortsatte även under dennes regering att styra gränsområdet och hålla engelsmännen på avstånd. (sv) |
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