Cameroonian Pidgin English (original) (raw)
Kamtok (Eigenbezeichnung Pidgin, englisch Cameroon Pidgin English, Cameroonian Pidgin/Creole oder Kamtok) ist eine Kreolsprache in Kamerun.
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| dbo:abstract | Kamtok (Eigenbezeichnung Pidgin, englisch Cameroon Pidgin English, Cameroonian Pidgin/Creole oder Kamtok) ist eine Kreolsprache in Kamerun. (de) Cameroonian Pidgin English, or Cameroonian Creole (Cameroon Pidgin: Wes Cos, from West Coast), is a language variety of Cameroon. It is also known as Kamtok (from 'Cameroon-talk'). It is primarily spoken in the North West and South West English speaking regions. Five varieties are currently recognised: * Grafi Kamtok, the variety used in the grassfields and often referred to as 'Grafi Talk'. * Liturgical Kamtok. This variety has been used by the Catholic Church for three-quarters of a century. * Francophone Kamtok. This variety is now used mainly in towns such as Douala, Nkongsamba, Bafoussam and Yaoundé, and by francophones talking to anglophones who do not speak French. * Limbe Kamtok. This variety is spoken mainly in the southwest coastal area around the port that used to be called Victoria and is now Limbe. * Bororo Kamtok. This variety is spoken by the Bororo cattle traders, many of whom travel through Nigeria and Cameroon. Cameroonian Pidgin English is an English-based creole language. About 5% of Cameroonians are native speakers of the language, while an estimated 50% of the population speak it in some form. The terms "Cameroonian Pidgin", "Cameroonian Pidgin English", "Cameroonian Creole" and "Kamtok" are synonyms for what Cameroonians call Cameroon Pidgin English. Many speakers are unaware that this language is different from Standard English. It is a variety of West African Pidgin Englishes spoken along the coast from Ghana to Cameroon. It is a vehicular language that has been in active use in the country for over 200 years. It came into being in the Slave Trade Years (1440 to early 1800s). It preceded English in Cameroon: the first Baptist missionaries who arrived in Cameroon in 1845 and introduced formal education in English, had to learn Pidgin. A few decades later during the German annexation period (1884–1914), Pidgin resisted a German ban. It took flight when it became a makeshift language used in German plantations and undertakings by forced labourers who were drawn from the hinterland and who spoke different indigenous languages. With time it passed into use in the market place, and was adopted by Baptist missionaries as the language of their evangelical crusade. For many years, it has been used on school playgrounds and campuses and in political campaigns, and today it is forcing its way into spoken media. (For a comprehensive description of its linguistic features and its place in the language ecology of Cameroon, see amongst others, Kouega 2007 and 2008). (en) Le pidgin camerounais est un créole à base lexicale anglaise parlé au Cameroun (langue vernaculaire). Il est également connu sous le nom de kamtok (de Cameroon-talk). Cinq variétés sont reconnues : * Grafi Talk, la variété utilisée dans les Grassfieds (langues intercommunautaires sur les places de marché en pays bamiléké, bamoun) ; * Talk liturgique, utilisée par l’Église catholique pendant trois quarts de siècle ; * Talk francophone, utilisée principalement dans des villes comme Douala et Yaoundé, ainsi par les francophones qui parlent aux anglophones qui ne parlent pas le français ; * Limbe talk, parlée principalement dans la zone côtière du sud-ouest autour de Limbé ; * Bororo Talk, parlée par les marchands de bétail Bororo, dont beaucoup voyagent à travers le Nigeria et le Cameroun. Environ 5 % des Camerounais sont des locuteurs natifs du pidgin camerounais, alors que 50 % de la population peut suivre une conversation dans la langue. (fr) Język kamtok, wes cos (ang. Cameroon Creole English) – język kreolski na bazie angielskiego, używany jako język wehikularny (niekiedy jako macierzysty) przez ok. 2 miliony osób w Kamerunie. Nazwa pochodzi od wyrażenia Cameroon talk. Wykazuje podobieństwo do języka krio. (pl) 喀麥隆皮欽語（Cameroonian Pidgin）或稱喀麥隆皮欽英語（Cameroonian Pidgin English），通稱Camtok（出自 Cameroon talk）是一系列英語為基礎的皮欽語及克里奧爾語的統稱，由於其部分種類變體已經，又稱作喀麥隆克里奧爾語（Cameroonian creole）。 (zh) |
| dbo:iso6393Code | wes |
| dbo:languageFamily | dbr:English-based_creole_languages dbr:Krio_language |
| dbo:spokenIn | dbr:Cameroon |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Main_distribution_are...ian_Pidgin)_in_Cameroon.svg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.terralingua.org/ https://web.archive.org/web/20070913062233/http:/www.une.edu.au/langnet/definitions/cameroon.html |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 2067201 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 10900 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1088366170 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Cameroon dbr:English-based_creole_languages dbr:Open-mid_vowel dbr:Velar_consonant dbr:Vowel dbr:Negation_(linguistics) dbr:Fricative dbr:Front_vowel dbr:Future_tense dbr:Glottal_consonant dbr:Grammatical_aspect dbr:Grammatical_number dbr:Grammatical_person dbr:Grammatical_tense dbr:Coronal_consonant dbr:Creole_language dbr:Labial_consonant dbr:Open_vowel dbr:Approximant_consonant dbr:Limbe,_Cameroon dbr:Linguistic_modality dbr:Clitic dbr:Close-mid_vowel dbr:Close_vowel dbr:Krio_language dbr:Suffix dbr:Bafoussam dbr:Acrolect dbr:Nigeria dbr:Nkongsamba dbr:Palatal dbr:Past_tense dbr:Central_vowel dbr:Hinterland dbr:Possessive_pronoun dbr:Progressive_aspect dbr:Rhotic_consonant dbr:Back_vowel dbc:Languages_of_Cameroon dbr:Lateral_consonant dbr:Douala dbr:Plosive_consonant dbc:English-based_pidgins_and_creoles_of_Africa dbr:Wodaabe dbr:Yaoundé dbr:Verb dbr:Perfective_aspect dbr:L2_speakers dbr:Nasal_stop dbr:Substrate_language dbr:File:Main_distribution_area_of_Kamtok_(Cameroonian_Pidgin)_in_Cameroon.svg |
| dbp:altname | Wes Cos (en) |
| dbp:fam | dbr:English-based_creole_languages dbr:Krio_language Atlantic (en) |
| dbp:familycolor | Creole (en) |
| dbp:glotto | came1254 (en) |
| dbp:glottorefname | Cameroon Pidgin (en) |
| dbp:iso | wes (en) |
| dbp:lingua | 52 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:name | Cameroon Pidgin English (en) |
| dbp:nativename | Kamtok (en) |
| dbp:notice | IPA (en) |
| dbp:speakers | 2000000 (xsd:integer) ? (en) |
| dbp:states | Cameroon (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Languages_of_Cameroon dbt:Lang-wes dbt:Citation_needed dbt:IPA dbt:ISBN dbt:Quote dbt:Reflist dbt:Infobox_language dbt:English-based_creoles dbt:Interlanguage_varieties |
| dbp:wordnet_type | http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-language-noun-1 |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:Languages_of_Cameroon dbc:English-based_pidgins_and_creoles_of_Africa |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Variety |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing dbo:Language schema:Language wikidata:Q315 dbo:Grape yago:WikicatLanguages yago:WikicatLanguagesOfCameroon yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:ArtificialLanguage106894544 yago:Communication100033020 yago:Language106282651 yago:Pidgin106905680 yago:WikicatEnglish-basedPidginsAndCreoles yago:WikicatPidginsAndCreoles umbel-rc:Language |
| rdfs:comment | Kamtok (Eigenbezeichnung Pidgin, englisch Cameroon Pidgin English, Cameroonian Pidgin/Creole oder Kamtok) ist eine Kreolsprache in Kamerun. (de) Język kamtok, wes cos (ang. Cameroon Creole English) – język kreolski na bazie angielskiego, używany jako język wehikularny (niekiedy jako macierzysty) przez ok. 2 miliony osób w Kamerunie. Nazwa pochodzi od wyrażenia Cameroon talk. Wykazuje podobieństwo do języka krio. (pl) 喀麥隆皮欽語（Cameroonian Pidgin）或稱喀麥隆皮欽英語（Cameroonian Pidgin English），通稱Camtok（出自 Cameroon talk）是一系列英語為基礎的皮欽語及克里奧爾語的統稱，由於其部分種類變體已經，又稱作喀麥隆克里奧爾語（Cameroonian creole）。 (zh) Cameroonian Pidgin English, or Cameroonian Creole (Cameroon Pidgin: Wes Cos, from West Coast), is a language variety of Cameroon. It is also known as Kamtok (from 'Cameroon-talk'). It is primarily spoken in the North West and South West English speaking regions. Five varieties are currently recognised: Cameroonian Pidgin English is an English-based creole language. About 5% of Cameroonians are native speakers of the language, while an estimated 50% of the population speak it in some form. (en) Le pidgin camerounais est un créole à base lexicale anglaise parlé au Cameroun (langue vernaculaire). Il est également connu sous le nom de kamtok (de Cameroon-talk). Cinq variétés sont reconnues : * Grafi Talk, la variété utilisée dans les Grassfieds (langues intercommunautaires sur les places de marché en pays bamiléké, bamoun) ; * Talk liturgique, utilisée par l’Église catholique pendant trois quarts de siècle ; * Talk francophone, utilisée principalement dans des villes comme Douala et Yaoundé, ainsi par les francophones qui parlent aux anglophones qui ne parlent pas le français ; * Limbe talk, parlée principalement dans la zone côtière du sud-ouest autour de Limbé ; * Bororo Talk, parlée par les marchands de bétail Bororo, dont beaucoup voyagent à travers le Nigeria et le Cameroun. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Cameroonian Pidgin English (en) Kamtok (de) Pidgin camerounais (fr) Język kamtok (pl) 喀麥隆皮欽語 (zh) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Cameroonian Pidgin English yago-res:Cameroonian Pidgin English wikidata:Cameroonian Pidgin English dbpedia-de:Cameroonian Pidgin English dbpedia-fr:Cameroonian Pidgin English dbpedia-hr:Cameroonian Pidgin English dbpedia-pl:Cameroonian Pidgin English dbpedia-pms:Cameroonian Pidgin English dbpedia-tr:Cameroonian Pidgin English dbpedia-zh:Cameroonian Pidgin English https://global.dbpedia.org/id/3H3Xx |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Cameroonian_Pidgin_English?oldid=1088366170&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Main_distribution_are..._(Cameroonian_Pidgin)_in_Cameroon.svg |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Cameroonian_Pidgin_English |
| foaf:name | Cameroon Pidgin English (en) Kamtok (en) |
| is dbo:language of | dbr:Cameroon dbr:Zamina_mina_(Zangaléwa) dbr:Kole_people dbr:The_Fisherman's_Diary dbr:Mboko_people dbr:Vengo_people |
| is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:Cameroonian |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Cameroon_Pidgin_language dbr:ISO_639:wes dbr:Cameroon_Creole_English dbr:Cameroon_Pidgin dbr:Cameroonian_Creole dbr:Cameroonian_Pidgin dbr:Cameroonian_Pidgin_English_language dbr:Cameroons_Pidgin dbr:Pidgin_for_Cameroon dbr:Kamtok dbr:Wescos_language |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Cameroon dbr:Cameroonian_English dbr:Camfranglais dbr:Mungo_people dbr:Bimbia dbr:Jovi_(musician) dbr:List_of_Indo-European_languages dbr:List_of_multilingual_countries_and_regions dbr:Cameroon_Pidgin_language dbr:Index_of_Cameroon-related_articles dbr:Kwe_people dbr:L'Expression_de_Mamy-Wata dbr:List_of_pidgins,_creoles,_mixed_langua...ants_based_on_Indo-European_languages dbr:List_of_rulers_of_the_Duala dbr:16_Wives dbr:Vengo_language dbr:Franglais dbr:Multiculturalism dbr:Mungbam_language dbr:Limbe,_Cameroon dbr:Manenguba_languages dbr:Subu_people dbr:Demographics_of_Cameroon dbr:Zamina_mina_(Zangaléwa) dbr:John_Nkemngong_Nkengasong dbr:Krio_language dbr:Pidgin dbr:Babanki_language dbr:Bafut,_Cameroon dbr:Bamenda dbr:West_African_Pidgin_English dbr:Languages_of_Cameroon dbr:Languages_of_the_African_Union dbr:Linguistic_discrimination dbr:List_of_Cameroonian_submissions_for_th...d_for_Best_International_Feature_Film dbr:Ambazonia dbr:Duala_people dbr:Anglophone_Cameroonian dbr:Northwest_Region_(Cameroon) dbr:Kole_people dbr:List_of_English-based_pidgins dbr:Bafut_Subdivision dbr:Bafut_people dbr:The_Fisherman's_Diary dbr:ISO_639:wes dbr:Bonduma dbr:Kumbo dbr:Cameroonian dbr:Mboko_people dbr:Vengo_people dbr:Guy_Kouemou dbr:Ian_Hancock dbr:List_of_submissions_to_the_93rd_Academ...s_for_Best_International_Feature_Film dbr:List_of_submissions_to_the_94th_Academ...s_for_Best_International_Feature_Film dbr:Sierra_Leone_Creole_people dbr:Pickaninny dbr:Wovea_people dbr:Cameroon_Creole_English dbr:Cameroon_Pidgin dbr:Cameroonian_Creole dbr:Cameroonian_Pidgin dbr:Cameroonian_Pidgin_English_language dbr:Cameroons_Pidgin dbr:Pidgin_for_Cameroon dbr:Kamtok dbr:Wescos_language |
| is dbp:commonLanguages of | dbr:Ambazonia |
| is dbp:extra of | dbr:Languages_of_Cameroon |
| is dbp:langs of | dbr:Kole_people dbr:Vengo_people |
| is dbp:language of | dbr:Zamina_mina_(Zangaléwa) dbr:The_Fisherman's_Diary |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Cameroonian_Pidgin_English |
