| dbo:abstract |
This comparison of orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. A first list contains rockets that are operational or in development as of 2022; a second list includes all retired rockets. For the simple list of all conventional launcher families, see: Comparison of orbital launchers families. For the list of predominantly solid-fueled orbital launch systems, see: Comparison of solid-fueled orbital launch systems. Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites. A conventional solid rocket or a conventional solid-fuel rocket is a rocket with a motor that uses solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer). Orbital launch systems are rockets and other systems capable of placing payloads into or beyond Earth orbit. All current spacecraft use conventional chemical rockets (bipropellant or solid-fuel) for launch, though some have used air-breathing engines on their first stage. (en) Cette comparaison des lanceurs lourds présente les principales caractéristiques des lanceurs capables de placer au moins 20 000 kg (20 tonnes) sur orbite basse. (fr) ローンチ・ヴィークルの一覧（ローンチ・ヴィークルのいちらん）は、地球から宇宙空間へのペイロードの輸送に使用されるロケットであるローンチ・ヴィークル（キャリア・ロケット、打上げ機）の一覧である。 宇宙機の推進方法は、宇宙船や人工衛星の加速に用いられる。通常の固体燃料ロケットは固体推進剤（燃料/酸化剤）を推進に用いる。軌道周回用打ち上げシステムはロケットと非ロケット打ち上げシステムで地球軌道への投入や脱出に使用される。全ての現在の宇宙機は化学推進（二液推進系か固体燃料）で打ち上げられ、いくつかは1段目に空気吸い込み式エンジンを備える。 (ja) 軌道發射系統的比較（英語：Comparison of orbital launch systems）包含兩個常規軌道發射系統列表（各個火箭配置），按運行狀態分開。有關所有常規發射器系列的簡單列表，請參閱：軌道發射器系列的比較。有關主要使用固體燃料的軌道發射系統的列表，請參見：比較固體燃料的軌道發射系統。 航天器推進是用於加速航天器和人造衛星的任何方法。常規固體火箭或常規固體燃料火箭是一種帶有使用固體推進劑（燃料/氧化劑）的電動機的火箭。[注2]軌道發射系統是能夠將有效載荷置於地球軌道內或軌道外的火箭和其他系統。當前所有航天器都使用常規化學火箭（雙推進劑或固體燃料）進行發射，儘管有些[注3]在其第一階段就使用了呼吸發動機。 (zh) |
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Cette comparaison des lanceurs lourds présente les principales caractéristiques des lanceurs capables de placer au moins 20 000 kg (20 tonnes) sur orbite basse. (fr) ローンチ・ヴィークルの一覧（ローンチ・ヴィークルのいちらん）は、地球から宇宙空間へのペイロードの輸送に使用されるロケットであるローンチ・ヴィークル（キャリア・ロケット、打上げ機）の一覧である。 宇宙機の推進方法は、宇宙船や人工衛星の加速に用いられる。通常の固体燃料ロケットは固体推進剤（燃料/酸化剤）を推進に用いる。軌道周回用打ち上げシステムはロケットと非ロケット打ち上げシステムで地球軌道への投入や脱出に使用される。全ての現在の宇宙機は化学推進（二液推進系か固体燃料）で打ち上げられ、いくつかは1段目に空気吸い込み式エンジンを備える。 (ja) 軌道發射系統的比較（英語：Comparison of orbital launch systems）包含兩個常規軌道發射系統列表（各個火箭配置），按運行狀態分開。有關所有常規發射器系列的簡單列表，請參閱：軌道發射器系列的比較。有關主要使用固體燃料的軌道發射系統的列表，請參見：比較固體燃料的軌道發射系統。 航天器推進是用於加速航天器和人造衛星的任何方法。常規固體火箭或常規固體燃料火箭是一種帶有使用固體推進劑（燃料/氧化劑）的電動機的火箭。[注2]軌道發射系統是能夠將有效載荷置於地球軌道內或軌道外的火箭和其他系統。當前所有航天器都使用常規化學火箭（雙推進劑或固體燃料）進行發射，儘管有些[注3]在其第一階段就使用了呼吸發動機。 (zh) This comparison of orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. A first list contains rockets that are operational or in development as of 2022; a second list includes all retired rockets. For the simple list of all conventional launcher families, see: Comparison of orbital launchers families. For the list of predominantly solid-fueled orbital launch systems, see: Comparison of solid-fueled orbital launch systems. (en) |
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Comparison of orbital launch systems (en) Comparaison de lanceurs lourds (fr) ローンチ・ヴィークルの一覧 (ja) 軌道發射系統比較 (zh) |
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