General Motors LS-based small-block engine (original) (raw)
- عائلة محركات جنرال إل إس (بالإنجليزية: LS) هي من عائلات الجيل الثالث من محركات السيارات، وهي من إنتاج شركة جنرال موتورز في خط إنتاج الدفع الخلفي والرباعي. ومما يميزها عن غيرها من المحركات أنها مصنوعة بالكامل من الألومنيوم. أما المحركات القديمة من نفس الشركة فكانت تطغي عليها القوالب الحديدية مثل الجيل الأول والثاني. وقد كان أول إنتاجات الشركة هي محرك LS1. (ar)
- "LS engine" is the colloquial name given to the third and fourth generation small-block V8 gasoline engine used in General Motors' vehicles. The name evolved from the need to differentiate the Gen 3/Gen 4 small blocks from the original Gen 1/Gen 2 small blocks released in 1954, which are commonly referred to as "Small Block Chevrolets". The "LS" name originates from the engine RPO code of the first Gen 3 small block, the LS1, introduced in the 1997 Corvette. The term "LS engine" is used to describe any Gen 3 or Gen 4 Small Block Chevrolet, including those that do not specifically include "LS" as part of their RPO code. Sometimes referred to as an "LSx", with the lower case "x" standing in for one of the many RPO code variations of the motor, the term can cause confusion since GM now sells an aftermarket LS cylinder block named "LSX" with a capital "X". The original RPO code "LS1" is still sometimes used, if not confusingly, to describe the entire Gen 3/Gen 4 engine family. LS engines were a clean sheet modular design. Most components interchange between these Gen 3 and Gen 4 motors. LS motors share no interchangeable parts except connecting rod bearings & valve lifters with the Gen 1/2 Small Block Chevrolet engines. Likewise, while GM engineers clearly took design inspiration from the LS motor when creating their fifth Generation "LT" Small Block in 2014, it was predominantly a new design. There is almost no parts interchange between the LS and LT families. All cars sold with LS motors were equipped with aluminum blocks while most trucks received cast iron blocks. LS engines enjoy several notable improvements over previous generations of small blocks. The lower section of the block incorporates deep side skirts along with 4-bolt cross-bolted main bearing caps and a structural cast aluminum oil pan. Nearly all LS motors were manufactured with high airflow aluminum cylinder heads, even in truck applications. The design uses long runner intake manifolds to enhance airflow within the engines operating range. These dry intake manifolds omit the coolant passages of earlier generations to minimize heat uptake in the air charge. They are made from a light weight yet durable nylon polymer. A large improvement was made to the ignition system by forgoing the camshaft driven distributor of the early small blocks in favor of valve cover mounted ignition coils, one for each cylinder. LS ignition timing is handled by the ECU via camshaft and crankshaft position sensors. GM engineered the LS as a pushrod motor which was a controversial choice at the time. It was seen as an old-style, low-tech decision that could not compete with the higher technology dual overhead cam strategy (DOHC) that Ford had adopted. However, GM had its justification for it and it turned out to be an unprecedented success. The choice kept the cost of the engines low, allowing them to be installed in a large variety of vehicles. The cam-in-block strategy kept the external size of the motor down relative to DOHC design, while still allowing 7.0L (427ci) displacements in stock form. Combined with the airflow potential of well engineered cylinder heads and intake manifolds, this added displacement allowed higher outputs in a smaller external package relative to a DOHC configuration. The combination of a small package size, low cost and availability has earned LS motors a cult like following among engine swap hobbyists where slogans like "LS Swap the World" are often echoed. This popularity has spurred a tremendous level of support from the automotive aftermarket industry and has been a cultural phenomenon as social media has exploded with LS content from sources like Sloppy Mechanics and Richard Holdener. Grass roots racers are now chasing stock bottom end "SBE" records pushing factory hardware to in-excess of 1500 hp and running 7 second 1/4 miles at 170+ even with 4.8L, the smallest of the factory LS displacements. Much of the credit for this engine family must go to Ed Koerner, GM's Powertrain vice president of engineering operations at the time. He was a V8 design veteran and former National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) record holder in drag racing. Koerner had been the Chief Engineer for all the existing GM small-block V8 engines and was put in charge of the "all-new" Gen III LS1 V8 development project, which would share no parts with previous engines. Design team members included Alan Hayman, Jim Mazzola, Ron Sperry, Bill Compton, Brian Kaminski, Jon Lewis, Stan Turek, Don Weiderhold, and Dave Wandel. (en)
- "Motor LS" es el nombre coloquial dado al motor de gasolina V8 de bloque pequeño de 3ª y 4ª generación utilizado en los vehículos de General Motors. El nombre evolucionó a partir de la necesidad de diferenciar los bloques pequeños Gen 3 / Gen 4 de los bloques pequeños Gen 1 / Gen 2 originales lanzados en 1954, que comúnmente se conocen como "Small Block Chevrolets". El nombre "LS" se origina en el código RPO del motor del primer bloque pequeño Gen 3, el LS1, introducido en el Corvette de 1997. El término "motor LS" se usa para describir cualquier Chevrolet de bloque pequeño Gen 3 o Gen 4, incluidos aquellos que no incluyen específicamente "LS" como parte de su código RPO. A veces referido como un "LSx", con la "x" minúscula que representa una de las muchas variaciones de código RPO del motor, el término puede causar confusión ya que GM ahora vende un bloque de cilindros LS del mercado de accesorios llamado "LSX" con una "X" mayúscula. El código RPO original "LS1" todavía se usa a veces, si no de manera confusa, para describir toda la familia de motores Gen 3 / Gen 4. Los motores LS eran un diseño modular de hoja limpia. La mayoría de los componentes intercambian entre estos motores Gen 3 y Gen 4. Los motores LS no comparten piezas intercambiables, excepto los cojinetes de bielas y los elevadores de válvulas con los motores Chevrolet De bloque pequeño Gen 1/2. Del mismo modo, mientras que los ingenieros de GM claramente se inspiraron en el diseño del motor LS al crear su bloque pequeño "LT" de 5ª generación en 2014, fue predominantemente un diseño nuevo. Casi no hay intercambio de piezas entre las familias LS y LT. Todos los automóviles vendidos con motores LS estaban equipados con bloques de aluminio, mientras que la mayoría de los camiones recibieron bloques de hierro fundido. Los motores LS disfrutan de varias mejoras notables con respecto a las generaciones anteriores de bloques pequeños. La sección inferior del bloque incorpora faldones laterales profundos junto con tapas de cojinetes principales de 4 pernos y un cárter de aceite de aluminio fundido estructural. Casi todos los motores LS se fabricaron con culatas de aluminio de alto flujo de aire, incluso en aplicaciones de camiones. El diseño utiliza colectores de admisión de largo recorrido para mejorar el flujo de aire dentro del rango de funcionamiento de los motores. Estos colectores de admisión en seco omiten los conductos de refrigerante de generaciones anteriores para minimizar la absorción de calor en la carga de aire. Están hechos de un polímero de nylon ligero pero duradero. Se realizó una gran mejora en el sistema de encendido al renunciar al distribuidor accionado por árbol de levas de los primeros bloques pequeños en favor de las bobinas de encendido montadas en la cubierta de la válvula, una para cada cilindro. La sincronización de encendido LS es manejada por la ECU gracias a los sensores de posición del árbol de levas y del cigüeñal. GM diseñó el LS como un motor de varilla de empuje, que fue una elección controvertida en ese momento. Fue visto como una decisión de baja tecnología de la vieja escuela que no podía competir con la estrategia de doble leva aérea (DOHC) de alta tecnología que Ford había adoptado. Sin embargo, GM tenía su justificación para ello y resultó ser un éxito sin precedentes. La elección mantuvo bajo el costo de los motores, lo que les permitió instalarse en una gran variedad de vehículos. La estrategia de levas en bloque mantuvo el tamaño externo del motor bajo en relación con el diseño DOHC, al tiempo que permitía desplazamientos de 7.0L (427ci) en forma de stock. Combinado con el potencial de flujo de aire de las culatas y colectores de admisión bien diseñados, este desplazamiento adicional permitió mayores salidas en un paquete externo más pequeño en relación con una configuración DOHC. La combinación de un tamaño de paquete pequeño, bajo costo y disponibilidad le ha valido a los motores LS un culto como el seguimiento entre los aficionados al intercambio de motores, donde a menudo se repiten eslóganes como "LS Swap the World". Esta popularidad ha estimulado un tremendo nivel de apoyo de la industria del mercado de accesorios automotriz y ha sido un fenómeno cultural a medida que las redes sociales han explotado con contenido LS de fuentes como Sloppy Mechanics y Richard Holdener. Los corredores de base ahora están persiguiendo los récords de "SBE" de la parte inferior del stock empujando el hardware de fábrica a más de 1500 hp y corriendo 7 segundos 1/4 millas a más de 170 incluso con 4.8L, el más pequeño de los desplazamientos LS de fábrica. Gran parte del crédito por esta familia de motores debe ir a Ed Koerner, vicepresidente de operaciones de ingeniería de Powertrain de GM en ese momento. Era un veterano del diseño V8 y ex poseedor del récord de la National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) en carreras de arrastre. Koerner había sido el ingeniero jefe de todos los motores V8 de bloque pequeño de GM existentes y fue puesto a cargo del "totalmente nuevo" proyecto de desarrollo Gen III LS1 V8, que no compartiría partes con los motores anteriores. Los miembros del equipo de diseño incluyeron a Alan Hayman, Jim Mazzola, Ron Sperry, Bill Compton, Brian Kaminski, Jon Lewis, Stan Turek, Don Weiderhold y Dave Wandel. (es)
- I motori GM Serie LS sono una famiglia di motori V8 a Ciclo Otto prodotti a partire dal 1997 dal gruppo automobilistico statunitense General Motors (o, per brevità, GM). (it)
- https://www.lsenginediy.com/history-gen-iii-ls1-v-8-engine/
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- (en)
- 96.0
- 99.0
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- 103.25
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- 106.3
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- GM LS small-block engine (en)
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- عائلة محركات جنرال إل إس (بالإنجليزية: LS) هي من عائلات الجيل الثالث من محركات السيارات، وهي من إنتاج شركة جنرال موتورز في خط إنتاج الدفع الخلفي والرباعي. ومما يميزها عن غيرها من المحركات أنها مصنوعة بالكامل من الألومنيوم. أما المحركات القديمة من نفس الشركة فكانت تطغي عليها القوالب الحديدية مثل الجيل الأول والثاني. وقد كان أول إنتاجات الشركة هي محرك LS1. (ar)
- I motori GM Serie LS sono una famiglia di motori V8 a Ciclo Otto prodotti a partire dal 1997 dal gruppo automobilistico statunitense General Motors (o, per brevità, GM). (it)
- "LS engine" is the colloquial name given to the third and fourth generation small-block V8 gasoline engine used in General Motors' vehicles. The name evolved from the need to differentiate the Gen 3/Gen 4 small blocks from the original Gen 1/Gen 2 small blocks released in 1954, which are commonly referred to as "Small Block Chevrolets". The "LS" name originates from the engine RPO code of the first Gen 3 small block, the LS1, introduced in the 1997 Corvette. The term "LS engine" is used to describe any Gen 3 or Gen 4 Small Block Chevrolet, including those that do not specifically include "LS" as part of their RPO code. Sometimes referred to as an "LSx", with the lower case "x" standing in for one of the many RPO code variations of the motor, the term can cause confusion since GM now sells (en)
- "Motor LS" es el nombre coloquial dado al motor de gasolina V8 de bloque pequeño de 3ª y 4ª generación utilizado en los vehículos de General Motors. El nombre evolucionó a partir de la necesidad de diferenciar los bloques pequeños Gen 3 / Gen 4 de los bloques pequeños Gen 1 / Gen 2 originales lanzados en 1954, que comúnmente se conocen como "Small Block Chevrolets". El nombre "LS" se origina en el código RPO del motor del primer bloque pequeño Gen 3, el LS1, introducido en el Corvette de 1997. El término "motor LS" se usa para describir cualquier Chevrolet de bloque pequeño Gen 3 o Gen 4, incluidos aquellos que no incluyen específicamente "LS" como parte de su código RPO. A veces referido como un "LSx", con la "x" minúscula que representa una de las muchas variaciones de código RPO del mot (es)
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