Cinema of Hong Kong (original) (raw)

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Der Hongkong-Film (chinesisch 香港電影 / 香港电影, auch 港產片 / 港产片) bildet neben den in Festlandchina und in Taiwan produzierten Filmen eine der drei Säulen des chinesischen Films. Hongkong-Filme nehmen bisher in der Entwicklung chinesischer Filme oft eine Vorreiterrolle ein. Unter den chinesischsprachigen Filmen aus China, Taiwan und Singapur genießt der Hongkong-Film insbesondere durch seine Qualität sowohl beim heimischen als auch beim internationalen Publikum einen guten Ruf.

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dbo:abstract تعد سينما هونغ كونغ (الصينية: 香港 電影) واحدة من الخيوط الثلاثة الرئيسية في تاريخ السينما الصينية، إلى جانب السينما الصينية، ودور السينما في تايوان. كمستعمرة بريطانية سابقة، كانت هونغ كونغ تتمتع بدرجة أكبر من الحرية السياسية والاقتصادية من البر الرئيسى للصين وتايوان، وتطورت إلى مركز لصناعة الأفلام في العالم الناطق بالصينية (بما في ذلك الشتات في جميع أنحاء العالم). لعقود من الزمان، كانت هونغ كونغ ثالث أكبر صناعة للأفلام السينمائية في العالم (بعد السينما الهندية وهوليوود) وثاني أكبر مصدر. على الرغم من أزمة الصناعة التي بدأت في منتصف التسعينيات وعودة هونج كونج إلى السيادة الصينية في يوليو 1997، احتفظ فيلم هونج كونج بالكثير من هويته المميزة ولا يزال يلعب دورًا بارزًا في المسرح السينمائي العالمي. في الغرب ، كانت سينما البوب القوية في هونغ كونغ (وخاصة سينما الحركة في هونغ كونغ) تتمتع بعبادة قوية، والتي يمكن القول بأنها جزء من التيار الثقافي، وهي متاحة ومتقنة على نطاق واسع. من الناحية الاقتصادية، تمثل صناعة الأفلام مع القيمة المضافة للصناعات الثقافية والإبداعية 5 في المائة من اقتصاد هونغ كونغ. (ar) Der Hongkong-Film (chinesisch 香港電影 / 香港电影, auch 港產片 / 港产片) bildet neben den in Festlandchina und in Taiwan produzierten Filmen eine der drei Säulen des chinesischen Films. Hongkong-Filme nehmen bisher in der Entwicklung chinesischer Filme oft eine Vorreiterrolle ein. Unter den chinesischsprachigen Filmen aus China, Taiwan und Singapur genießt der Hongkong-Film insbesondere durch seine Qualität sowohl beim heimischen als auch beim internationalen Publikum einen guten Ruf. (de) The cinema of Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港電影) is one of the three major threads in the history of Chinese language cinema, alongside the cinema of China and the cinema of Taiwan. As a former British colony, Hong Kong had a greater degree of political and economic freedom than mainland China and Taiwan, and developed into a filmmaking hub for the Chinese-speaking world (including its worldwide diaspora). For decades, Hong Kong was the third largest motion picture industry in the world (after Indian cinema and American cinema) and the second largest exporter. Despite an industry crisis starting in the mid-1990s and Hong Kong's transfer to Chinese sovereignty in July 1997, Hong Kong film has retained much of its distinctive identity and continues to play a prominent part on the world cinema stage. In the West, Hong Kong's vigorous pop cinema (especially Hong Kong action cinema) has long had a strong cult following, which is now arguably a part of the cultural mainstream, widely available and imitated. Economically, the film industry together with the value added of cultural and creative industries represents 5 per cent of Hong Kong's economy. (en) El cine de Hong Kong es una de las tres vertientes principales del cine en chino, junto al cine de la China continental y el cine de Taiwán. Hong Kong, como antigua colonia británica tenía una mayor libertad política y económica a la hora de hacer cine, y se convirtió en el centro de la industria en el sudeste asiático y para todos los hablantes de chino, incluyendo aquellos que se encontraban en la diáspora. Durante décadas, Hong Kong ha sido la tercera mayor industria del cine mundial, después de Bollywood y Hollywood, y el segundo mayor exportador. A pesar de la crisis que vivió la industria a mediados de los años 90 y de la transferencia de soberanía de Hong Kong a China en julio de 1997, el cine hongkonés ha conseguido mantener gran parte de su identidad distintiva, y continúa siendo parte prominente de la producción cinematográfica mundial. En occidente, el cine pop hongkonés, especialmente el ha contado con un seguimiento de culto desde hace tiempo, hasta el punto de convertirse en una de las corrientes culturales predominantes y su influencia ha hecho que este género sea imitado frecuentemente en el cine de acción de Hollywood. (es) Sinema Hong Kong (Hanzi: 香港電影) adalah salah satu dari tiga bagian utama dalam sejarah sinema berbahasa Tionghoa, bersama dengan sinema Tiongkok, dan sinema Taiwan. Sebagai bekas koloni Inggris, Hong Kong memiliki peringkat yang besar dalam hal kebebasan politik dan ketimbang Tiongkok Daratan dan Taiwan, dan berkembang menjadi pusat pembuatan film untuk negara-negara pemakai bahasa Tionghoa (termasuk diaspora-nya di seluruh dunia), dan untuk Asia Timur pada umumnya. Selama bertahun-tahun, Hong Kong memiliki industri film terbesar ketiga di dunia (setelah sinema India dan Hollywood) dan eksportir terbesar kedua. Meskipun industri tersebut mengalami industri yang dimulai pada pertengahan 90an dan pengembalian Hong Kong ke kedaulatan Tiongkok pada Juli 1997, film Hong Kong masih memiliki identitas tersendiri dan tetap memainkan bagian penting pada panggung sinema dunia. (in) Le cinéma hongkongais est un des quatre courants du cinéma chinois, avec celui de la Chine continentale, de Taïwan et de Singapour. Étant une ancienne colonie britannique, Hong Kong a bénéficié d'une liberté économique et politique que n'avaient pas la Chine continentale et Taïwan. Elle est devenue un centre de production cinématographique pour le monde sinophone, y compris la diaspora, ainsi que pour l'Asie de l'Est en général. Pendant des décennies, Hong Kong a été le troisième producteur de films après Hollywood et Bollywood. Malgré la crise du milieu des années 1990, et le retour à la souveraineté chinoise en 1997, les films hongkongais ont gardé leur identité et continuent de jouer un rôle important sur la scène du cinéma mondial. En Occident, le cinéma hongkongais populaire a toujours été très apprécié et peut être aujourd'hui considéré comme un élément de la culture dominante. Son influence a été considérable, notamment sur les récents films d'action hollywoodiens. (fr) Il cinema di Hong Kong è uno dei principali filoni della storia del cinema di lingua cinese, insieme a quello della Cina continentale e a quello di Taiwan. Come ex colonia britannica il cinema di Hong Kong ebbe un grado maggiore di libertà politica ed economica di quello del continente e di Taiwan e divenne un punto focale del cinema di lingua cinese (inclusa la sua diaspora mondiale) e dell'Asia orientale in generale. Per diversi decenni fu la terza industria del cinema per dimensioni nel mondo (dopo Bollywood e Hollywood) e la seconda per esportazioni. Nonostante una crisi nell'industria del cinema iniziata a metà degli anni novanta e il ritorno di Hong Kong alla Cina nel luglio 1997, il cinema di Hong Kong ha mantenuto gran parte della sua identità distintiva e continua a giocare un ruolo di primo piano nel cinema mondiale. In Occidente il vigoroso cinema pop di Hong Kong, specialmente quello d'azione, ha un forte seguito cult, diventato ormai parte del mainstream culturale, diffusamente seguito e imitato. (it) 香港映画(ホンコンえいが)は、香港で制作される映画である。香港の経済における重要な輸出産業である。 (ja) 홍콩 영화는 중국 영화, 대만 영화와 더불어 제3대 중국어 영화로 꼽힌다. 과거 영국의 식민지였던 홍콩은 중국 본토와 타이완에 비해 경제적 문제와 정치적 문제로부터 자유로워 동아시아 영화 제작 산업의 허브로 발전하였다. 과거엔 수십 년 동안 홍콩영화 산업은 세계에서 할리우드와 발리우드다음 세 번째로 큰 영화산업이었고 두 번째로 큰 영화수출국이었다. 그렇기에 홍콩영화는 1990년대 후반부 진행된 산업구조의 위기와 중국으로의 반환이라는 두 고난이 지나간 현재에도 그 독창적인 장르적 색채는 할리우드까지에도 많은 영감을 줄 만큼 세계영화사에서 중요하게 다뤄지는 요소이다. 경제적으로 영화 산업과 문화적 창의적 산업의 부가 가치는 홍콩 경제의 5%를 차지한다. (ko) Кинематограф Гонконга (кит. 香港電影) — одна из трёх основных исторически сложившихся ветвей китайскоязычного кино, наряду c кинематографией КНР и Тайваня (не считая менее значимые «ветки» кино китайскоязычных диаспор Сингапура, Малайзии, США и др. стран). Как британская колония, Гонконг был в большей степени политически и экономически свободным и интегрированным во внешний мир, чем материковый Китай и Тайвань, что позволило ему стать центром китайскоязычного кино для стран Юго-Восточной Азии и мира в целом. В течение десятилетий Гонконг был третьей по величине киноиндустрией в мире (после индийского кино и Голливуда) и вторым по объёму киноэкспорта. Несмотря на кризис отрасли, разразившийся в середине 1990-х годов, и возвращение Гонконга под суверенитет Китая в июле 1997 года, Гонконг продолжает занимать значительное место в мировом кинематографе. (ru) Hongkong var länge världens tredje största filmindustri, efter Bollywood i Indien och Hollywood i USA, och hade vid mitten av 2000-talets första decennium börjat återhämta sig efter den filmkris man drabbades av i mitten av 1990-talet. Berömda stjärnor som Bruce Lee och Jackie Chan har gjort Hongkongs filmindustri framgångsrik internationellt, särskilt de filmer som innehåller kung fu och annan action. (sv) 香港电影,又稱港产片、港片,始於20世紀初期,是華語電影的先驅者,全盛時期年產量超過三百部,為香港贏得「東方荷里活」的美譽。此外,香港電影金像獎為香港電影業的一大盛事。 (zh)
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dbp:alt A bronze statue on a pedestal, with the city skyline in the background. The pedestal is designed in the image of four clapperboards forming a box. The statue is of a woman wrapped in photographic film, looking straight up, with her left hand stretched upwards and holding a glass sphere containing a light. (en)
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dbp:caption Replica of the Hong Kong Film Awards statuette on the Avenue of Stars in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong (en)
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dbp:name Cinema of Hong Kong (en)
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rdfs:comment Der Hongkong-Film (chinesisch 香港電影 / 香港电影, auch 港產片 / 港产片) bildet neben den in Festlandchina und in Taiwan produzierten Filmen eine der drei Säulen des chinesischen Films. Hongkong-Filme nehmen bisher in der Entwicklung chinesischer Filme oft eine Vorreiterrolle ein. Unter den chinesischsprachigen Filmen aus China, Taiwan und Singapur genießt der Hongkong-Film insbesondere durch seine Qualität sowohl beim heimischen als auch beim internationalen Publikum einen guten Ruf. (de) 香港映画(ホンコンえいが)は、香港で制作される映画である。香港の経済における重要な輸出産業である。 (ja) 홍콩 영화는 중국 영화, 대만 영화와 더불어 제3대 중국어 영화로 꼽힌다. 과거 영국의 식민지였던 홍콩은 중국 본토와 타이완에 비해 경제적 문제와 정치적 문제로부터 자유로워 동아시아 영화 제작 산업의 허브로 발전하였다. 과거엔 수십 년 동안 홍콩영화 산업은 세계에서 할리우드와 발리우드다음 세 번째로 큰 영화산업이었고 두 번째로 큰 영화수출국이었다. 그렇기에 홍콩영화는 1990년대 후반부 진행된 산업구조의 위기와 중국으로의 반환이라는 두 고난이 지나간 현재에도 그 독창적인 장르적 색채는 할리우드까지에도 많은 영감을 줄 만큼 세계영화사에서 중요하게 다뤄지는 요소이다. 경제적으로 영화 산업과 문화적 창의적 산업의 부가 가치는 홍콩 경제의 5%를 차지한다. (ko) Hongkong var länge världens tredje största filmindustri, efter Bollywood i Indien och Hollywood i USA, och hade vid mitten av 2000-talets första decennium börjat återhämta sig efter den filmkris man drabbades av i mitten av 1990-talet. Berömda stjärnor som Bruce Lee och Jackie Chan har gjort Hongkongs filmindustri framgångsrik internationellt, särskilt de filmer som innehåller kung fu och annan action. (sv) 香港电影,又稱港产片、港片,始於20世紀初期,是華語電影的先驅者,全盛時期年產量超過三百部,為香港贏得「東方荷里活」的美譽。此外,香港電影金像獎為香港電影業的一大盛事。 (zh) تعد سينما هونغ كونغ (الصينية: 香港 電影) واحدة من الخيوط الثلاثة الرئيسية في تاريخ السينما الصينية، إلى جانب السينما الصينية، ودور السينما في تايوان. كمستعمرة بريطانية سابقة، كانت هونغ كونغ تتمتع بدرجة أكبر من الحرية السياسية والاقتصادية من البر الرئيسى للصين وتايوان، وتطورت إلى مركز لصناعة الأفلام في العالم الناطق بالصينية (بما في ذلك الشتات في جميع أنحاء العالم). من الناحية الاقتصادية، تمثل صناعة الأفلام مع القيمة المضافة للصناعات الثقافية والإبداعية 5 في المائة من اقتصاد هونغ كونغ. (ar) The cinema of Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港電影) is one of the three major threads in the history of Chinese language cinema, alongside the cinema of China and the cinema of Taiwan. As a former British colony, Hong Kong had a greater degree of political and economic freedom than mainland China and Taiwan, and developed into a filmmaking hub for the Chinese-speaking world (including its worldwide diaspora). Economically, the film industry together with the value added of cultural and creative industries represents 5 per cent of Hong Kong's economy. (en) El cine de Hong Kong es una de las tres vertientes principales del cine en chino, junto al cine de la China continental y el cine de Taiwán. Hong Kong, como antigua colonia británica tenía una mayor libertad política y económica a la hora de hacer cine, y se convirtió en el centro de la industria en el sudeste asiático y para todos los hablantes de chino, incluyendo aquellos que se encontraban en la diáspora. Durante décadas, Hong Kong ha sido la tercera mayor industria del cine mundial, después de Bollywood y Hollywood, y el segundo mayor exportador. A pesar de la crisis que vivió la industria a mediados de los años 90 y de la transferencia de soberanía de Hong Kong a China en julio de 1997, el cine hongkonés ha conseguido mantener gran parte de su identidad distintiva, y continúa siendo (es) Sinema Hong Kong (Hanzi: 香港電影) adalah salah satu dari tiga bagian utama dalam sejarah sinema berbahasa Tionghoa, bersama dengan sinema Tiongkok, dan sinema Taiwan. Sebagai bekas koloni Inggris, Hong Kong memiliki peringkat yang besar dalam hal kebebasan politik dan ketimbang Tiongkok Daratan dan Taiwan, dan berkembang menjadi pusat pembuatan film untuk negara-negara pemakai bahasa Tionghoa (termasuk diaspora-nya di seluruh dunia), dan untuk Asia Timur pada umumnya. (in) Le cinéma hongkongais est un des quatre courants du cinéma chinois, avec celui de la Chine continentale, de Taïwan et de Singapour. Étant une ancienne colonie britannique, Hong Kong a bénéficié d'une liberté économique et politique que n'avaient pas la Chine continentale et Taïwan. Elle est devenue un centre de production cinématographique pour le monde sinophone, y compris la diaspora, ainsi que pour l'Asie de l'Est en général. Pendant des décennies, Hong Kong a été le troisième producteur de films après Hollywood et Bollywood. (fr) Il cinema di Hong Kong è uno dei principali filoni della storia del cinema di lingua cinese, insieme a quello della Cina continentale e a quello di Taiwan. Come ex colonia britannica il cinema di Hong Kong ebbe un grado maggiore di libertà politica ed economica di quello del continente e di Taiwan e divenne un punto focale del cinema di lingua cinese (inclusa la sua diaspora mondiale) e dell'Asia orientale in generale. (it) Кинематограф Гонконга (кит. 香港電影) — одна из трёх основных исторически сложившихся ветвей китайскоязычного кино, наряду c кинематографией КНР и Тайваня (не считая менее значимые «ветки» кино китайскоязычных диаспор Сингапура, Малайзии, США и др. стран). Как британская колония, Гонконг был в большей степени политически и экономически свободным и интегрированным во внешний мир, чем материковый Китай и Тайвань, что позволило ему стать центром китайскоязычного кино для стран Юго-Восточной Азии и мира в целом. В течение десятилетий Гонконг был третьей по величине киноиндустрией в мире (после индийского кино и Голливуда) и вторым по объёму киноэкспорта. Несмотря на кризис отрасли, разразившийся в середине 1990-х годов, и возвращение Гонконга под суверенитет Китая в июле 1997 года, Гонконг продолж (ru)
rdfs:label Cinema of Hong Kong (en) سينما هونغ كونغ (ar) Hongkong-Film (de) Cine de Hong Kong (es) Sinema Hong Kong (in) Cinéma hongkongais (fr) Cinema di Hong Kong (it) 홍콩 영화 (ko) 香港映画 (ja) Кинематограф Гонконга (ru) Film i Hongkong (sv) 香港電影 (zh)
rdfs:seeAlso dbr:List_of_Hong_Kong_Category_III_films
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