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الدكتور جوشوا نكومو (19 يونيو 1917 - 01 يوليو 1999) المناضل والقائد الزيمبابوي العريق, نائب رئيس زيمبابوي (1987 - 1999) ،معروف في زيمبابوي بالآب زيمبابوي. هو مؤسس وزعيم لحركة سياسية نضالية أفريقية اتحاد شعب زيمبابوي (زابو) عام 1961 ورفعت شعار المساواة في الحقوق الانتخابية بين السود والمستوطنين البيض في روديسيا(سابقا).

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dbo:abstract الدكتور جوشوا نكومو (19 يونيو 1917 - 01 يوليو 1999) المناضل والقائد الزيمبابوي العريق, نائب رئيس زيمبابوي (1987 - 1999) ،معروف في زيمبابوي بالآب زيمبابوي. هو مؤسس وزعيم لحركة سياسية نضالية أفريقية اتحاد شعب زيمبابوي (زابو) عام 1961 ورفعت شعار المساواة في الحقوق الانتخابية بين السود والمستوطنين البيض في روديسيا(سابقا). (ar) Joshua Mqabuko Nkomo (* 19. Juni 1917 in Semokwe, Matabeleland; † 1. Juli 1999 in Harare) war ein simbabwischer Politiker. Er war Gründer der Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) und von 1988 bis 1999 Vizepräsident von Simbabwe. Er wurde als Sohn eines Lehrer- und Laienpredigerehepaares und Angehöriger der Ndebele in Matabeleland im damaligen Südrhodesien geboren. Er erfuhr eine Ausbildung zum Sozialarbeiter in Südafrika, wo er an der Universität Fort Hare unter anderem auf Nelson Mandela traf. Nachdem er 1948 nach Bulawayo zurückgekehrt war, setzte er sich als Gewerkschafter für die schwarzen Eisenbahnarbeiter ein. In den 1950er Jahren begründete er dann die National Democratic Party und begann, den Kampf gegen die britische Kolonialherrschaft aufzunehmen. Er wurde 1957 Präsident des (ANC) und ging nach dessen Verbot 1959 ins Exil. 1960 kehrte er aus diesem zurück und gründete 1961 mit Robert Mugabe die Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU). Die ZAPU zerfiel nach einem Verbot im Folgejahr, und Mugabe bildete mit der Mehrheit der Angehörigen der Shona die Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), so dass in der ZAPU hauptsächlich Ndebele zurückblieben. 1964 wurde er von der Regierung unter Ian Douglas Smith verhaftet und zu einer zehnjährigen Haftstrafe verurteilt. In dieser Zeit verlor die ZAPU ihre Führungsrolle an Mugabes ZANU, mit der sich die ZAPU 1976 unter dem Namen Patriotic Front (PF) zusammentat. 1975 war er Präsident des Inlandflügels nach der Spaltung des wiedergegründeten ANC. Nach den Wahlen im Februar 1980 wurde Nkomo zunächst Innenminister, später unter Präsident Mugabe Minister ohne Geschäftsbereich, nachdem er diesem unerwartet unterlegen war. Im Konflikt mit Mugabe schied er 1982 aus der Regierung aus. Im Dezember 1987 kam es zur Einigung mit Mugabe und zur Verschmelzung ihrer Parteien zur ZANU-PF. Nkomo wurde zunächst Minister im Präsidialamt, ab 1988 dann Vizepräsident und behielt dieses Amt bis zu seinem Tod 1999. (de) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (19 de junio de 1917, , Matabeleland, Rodesia-1 de julio de 1999, Harare, Zimbabue) fue un nacionalista zimbabuense. Ayudó a liderar la guerra de guerrillas en contra del dominio blanco en Rodesia, pero sus fuerzas desempeñaron un rol menos importante que las de Robert Mugabe. Como líder de la Unión del Pueblo Africano de Zimbabue (ZAPU), Nkomo se convirtió en un adversario de Mugabe por mucho tiempo. Ambos participaron en un gobierno de coalición entre 1980 y 1982, pero Nkomo fue destituido después de la ruptura entre ellos. La ZAPU y la Unión Nacional Africana de Zimbabue (ZANU) de Mugabe, se fusionaron en 1987 para formar el Unión Nacional Africana de Zimbabue - Frente Patriótico y Nkomo se convirtió en vicepresidente del gobierno de Mugabe en 1990. (es) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (Bukalanga edo Bulilima, Hego Rhodesia, 1917ko ekainaren 19a - Harare, 1999ko uztailaren 1a) Zimbabweko politikaria izan zen. 1945etik 1950era burdinbideetako langileen sindikatuko idazkari nagusi izan zen. 1957an ANCeko (Afrikako Kongresu Nazionala) lehendakari izendatu zuten. 1961ean ZAPU sortu zuen, beltz abertzaleak biltzen zituen erakundea. 1962an Rhodesiako gobernuak ZAPU debekatu eta Nkomo atxilotu zuen; 1964an Mozambiketik hurbil zegoen presondegi batera eraman zuten. 1971ean NBEko Segurtasun Erakundeak Rhodesiako gobernuari Nkomo aska zezala eskatu izanagatik, preso jarraitu zuen 1974 arte. 1977an Fronte Abertzalea izeneko erakunde armatuko lehendakaria izan zen Robert Mugaberekin batera. 1980ean hauteskundeak egin ziren eta Nkomoren alderdiak jarleku gutxi batzuk besterik ez zituen eskuratu Legebiltzarrerako. Mugabek, berriz, gehiengoa eskuratu zuen. Mugabe gobernuburu berriak Nkomo izendatu zuen Barne Arazoetako ministro; 1982an gobernutik bota zuen azpilanetan ari zela salaturik. 1987an Mugabek eta Nkomok hitzarmen bat sinatu zuten eta Nkomo ministro izendatu zuen berriro ere. 1994an presidenteorde kargua izan zuen. (eu) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (19 June 1917 – 1 July 1999) was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and Matabeleland politician who served as Vice-President of Zimbabwe from 1990 until his death in 1999. He founded and led the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) from 1961 until it merged in 1987 with Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) to form ZANU–PF after an internal military crackdown that claimed more than 20,000 of ZAPU supporters. He was a leading trade union leader, who progressed on to become president of the banned National Democratic Party, and was jailed for ten years by Rhodesia's white minority government. After his release in 1974, ZAPU contributed to the fall of that government, along with the splinter rival ZANU, created in 1963. In 1983, fearing for his life in the early stages of the Gukurahundi, Nkomo fled the country. Later in 1987, he controversially signed the Unity Accord allowing ZAPU to merge with ZANU to stop the genocide. Nkomo earned many nicknames like "Umafukufuku" in Ndebele, "Father Zimbabwe" in English, and "Chibwechitedza" (the slippery rock) in Shona. He was respectfully and affectionately known as "uMdala or uMdala wethu", our elder. (en) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo, né le 9 juin 1917 en Rhodésie du Sud et mort le 1er juillet 1999 à Harare au Zimbabwe, est un homme politique ndebele du Zimbabwe, fondateur du Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU). (fr) 조슈아 음카부코 은욘골로 은코모 (1917년 6월 19일 - 1999년 7월 1일)는 짐바브웨의 혁명가이자 지공주의 성향의 정치인으로, 1990년부터 1999년 사망 직전까지 짐바브웨의 부통령이였다. 은코모는 짐바브웨 아프리카 인민 연맹 (ZAPU, Zimbabwe African People's Union)을 1961년 창당하여 이끌어왔으나 1987년 로버트 무가베의 짐바브웨 아프리카 민족 연맹 (ZANU)와 합당하여 현재의 짐바브웨 아프리카 민족 연맹 - 애국 전선 (ZANU-PF)을 구성하였다. 은코모는 노동조합의 지도자 출신으로, 현재는 해산된 국민민주당의 대표로 활동하였으며, 로디지아의 소수 백인 정권에 의해 10년 동안 구금당하였다. 은코모의 석방 이후, ZAPU는 로디지아의 정권교체에 크게 기여하였으나, 로버트 무가베가 ZAPU에서 축출당한 이후 ZANU를 창당하면서 두 정당간 갈등이 발생하였다. 은코모는 대숙청을 막기 위해 ZAPU가 ZANU와 합당하는 것을 허용하였으나, 이후 무가베의 반대파 숙청 과정에 생명에 위협을 느껴 망명하게 되었다. 은코모는 북은데벨레어로 "우마푸쿠푸쿠", 영어로 "파더 짐바브웨", 쇼나어로 "치브웨칫테드자" (미끄러운 바위) 등의 많은 별명으로 불리었다. 그는 존경과 애정이 담긴 "움달라" 혹은"움달라 웨뚜", 우리의 어르신이라는 뜻으로 종종 불리기도 하였다. (ko) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (ur. 19 czerwca 1917 w w Matabelelandzie Południowym, zm. 1 lipca 1999 w Harare) – zimbabweński polityk i aktywista ruchu wyzwoleńczego Rodezji. W 1961 roku był inicjatorem powstania Afrykańskiego Ludowego Związku Zimbabwe (ZAPU), minister spraw wewnętrznych w latach 1980–1981, w latach 1981–1982 minister bez teki. W latach 1987–1999 pełnił funkcję drugiego wiceprezydenta Zimbabwe w administracji Roberta Mugabe. W 1998 roku wycofał się z życia politycznego ze względu na problemy zdrowotne. (pl) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (Matabeleland, 19 juni 1917 – Harare, 1 juli 1999) was een Zimbabwaans nationalistisch leider en marxistisch theoreticus. Nkomo was de zoon van een zendeling. Hij studeerde aan de Fort Hare University waar hij onder anderen Nelson Mandela ontmoette. Na zijn studie werkte hij voor de Afrikaanse vakbeweging in het toenmalige Zuid-Rhodesië. In 1948 werd hij voorzitter van een spoorwegvakbond voor Afrikanen. Later bezocht hij andere Afrikaanse landen en conferenties van Afrikaanse nationalisten. Hij bezocht onder andere Ghana, de eerste Britse kolonie die onafhankelijk was geworden. In de jaren vijftig richtte Nkomo de Nationaal Democratische Partij (NDP) op, waar Robert Mugabe zich in 1960 bij aansloot. De NDP werd spoedig daarna door de Rhodesische regering Zuid-Rhodesië verboden nadat de NDP de bevolking intimideerde. Nkomo en Mugabe richtten daarna de op. De ZAPU werd in 1964 door Ian Smith, de premier van Rhodesië, verboden. De ZAPU bleef echter ondergronds voortbestaan en won aan populariteit. De ZAPU begon een gewapende strijd tegen het blanke minderheidsregime van Smith. Mugabe scheidde zich echter om etnische redenen van de ZAPU af (hij is een Shona, Nkomo een Noord-Ndebele) en sloot zich aan bij de Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) van dominee . Mugabe greep de macht binnen de ZANU in 1975. Nkomo en Mugabe werden rivalen die soms samenwerkten en soms elkaar bestreden. In 1964 werden Nkomo, Mugabe en Sithole gevangengezet. Onder druk van premier Vorster, de Zuid-Afrikaanse premier, werden de drie in 1974 vrijgelaten. Nkomo week uit naar Zambia vanwaar hij de strijd tegen de Rhodesische regering voortzette. Nkomo kon rekenen op de steun van de Zambiaanse president Kenneth Kaunda, en omdat hij marxist was, ook op de steun van de Sovjet-Unie en de Oost-Europese landen. Mugabe kreeg steun uit 'rood' China. In 1979 waren er algemene verkiezingen en de UANC, de partij van bisschop Abel Muzorewa, een gematigd nationalistisch leider, won en hij werd de eerste zwarte president. Zowel Nkomo als Mugabe ging hier niet mee akkoord. Pas na Britse interventie gingen Nkomo en Mugabe rond de tafel zitten. Mugabe en Nkomo sloegen de handen ineen en hun beide partijen fuseerden tot Zimbabwaanse Afrikaanse Nationale Unie – Patriottisch Front. Het zogenaamde 'Lancaster House Akkoord', dat eind 1979 tot stand kwam, voorzag in vrije verkiezingen in februari 1980. De verkiezingen van 1980 werden gewonnen door ZANU-PF en Zimbabwe verkreeg haar onafhankelijkheid met Mugabe als premier. Nkomo werd niet in het kabinet van Mugabe opgenomen. In 1982 werd hij gearresteerd op beschuldiging van het smeden van een complot tegen de regering van Mugabe. Mugabes troepen vielen Matabeleland, de thuisbasis van Nkomo, binnen en ontwapenden de zogeheten 'vijfde colonne' van Nkomo. Hierbij zijn 20.000 Noord-Ndebele vermoord. Nkomo werd niet verder vervolgd. 'Big Josh' – hij woog toen 150 kilo – vluchtte naar Groot-Brittannië. Nkomo, vicepresident inmiddels, zweeg over de schendingen van de mensenrechten in 'zijn' Matabeleland. De mensenrechtencommissie van de katholieke kerk deed een eigen onderzoek en bracht daar in 1997 een schokkend rapport over uit. Tot verbijstering van de hoofdonderzoeker, Mike Auret, reageerde Nkomo niet eens. Matabeleland wordt aan zijn lot overgelaten. Van het prestige van de 'Oude Leeuw', een van Nkomos's vele bijnamen, bleef niets over. Hij verwierf grote landerijen, gebruikmakend van zijn positie. De Ndebele beschouwden hem inmiddels als een zakkenvuller, die zich door Mugabe had laten omkopen. Nkomo zelf hield zich op de achtergrond. In de laatste jaren voor zijn dood was hij al erg ziek, hij leed aan prostaatkanker en was dement geworden. (nl) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (Rodésia do Sul, 19 de junho de 1917 — Harare, 1 de julho de 1999) foi um revolucionário e político georgista zimbabuano que serviu como de 1990 até sua morte em 1999. Ele fundou e liderou a União Popular Africana do Zimbábue. Era membro da tribo . É carinhosamente conhecido no Zimbábue como "Father Zimbabwe", Umdala Wethu, Umafukufuku ou Chibwechitedza. (pt) Joshua Nkomo, född 19 juni 1917 i i nuvarande Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe, död 1 juli 1999 i Harare, Zimbabwe, var en zimbabwisk politiker och nationalistledare. (sv) 约舒亚·恩科莫（英語：Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo，1917年6月19日－1999年7月1日），是津巴布韦的政治家，曾担任津巴布韦副总统、内政部长，领导成立了“津巴布韦非洲人民联盟”（ZAPU）。 (zh) Джо́шуа Мкубуке Ньонголо Нко́мо (англ. Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo, 19 июня 1917, Семокве, Матабелеленд , Южная Родезия, ныне Зимбабве — 1 июля 1999, Хараре, Республика Зимбабве) — зимбабвийский политический и государственный деятель, один из лидеров борьбы за независимость Южной Родезии и основателей Республики Зимбабве. Лидер партии Союз африканского народа Зимбабве (ЗАПУ, с 1980 года — Патриотический фронт). Министр внутренних дел Зимбабве в 1980 — 1981 годах, вице-президент Зимбабве в 1990 — 1999 годах. (ru)
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dbp:reason Did ZANLA believe in only one of the two, and if so, which one? (en)
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rdfs:comment الدكتور جوشوا نكومو (19 يونيو 1917 - 01 يوليو 1999) المناضل والقائد الزيمبابوي العريق, نائب رئيس زيمبابوي (1987 - 1999) ،معروف في زيمبابوي بالآب زيمبابوي. هو مؤسس وزعيم لحركة سياسية نضالية أفريقية اتحاد شعب زيمبابوي (زابو) عام 1961 ورفعت شعار المساواة في الحقوق الانتخابية بين السود والمستوطنين البيض في روديسيا(سابقا). (ar) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo, né le 9 juin 1917 en Rhodésie du Sud et mort le 1er juillet 1999 à Harare au Zimbabwe, est un homme politique ndebele du Zimbabwe, fondateur du Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU). (fr) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (ur. 19 czerwca 1917 w w Matabelelandzie Południowym, zm. 1 lipca 1999 w Harare) – zimbabweński polityk i aktywista ruchu wyzwoleńczego Rodezji. W 1961 roku był inicjatorem powstania Afrykańskiego Ludowego Związku Zimbabwe (ZAPU), minister spraw wewnętrznych w latach 1980–1981, w latach 1981–1982 minister bez teki. W latach 1987–1999 pełnił funkcję drugiego wiceprezydenta Zimbabwe w administracji Roberta Mugabe. W 1998 roku wycofał się z życia politycznego ze względu na problemy zdrowotne. (pl) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (Rodésia do Sul, 19 de junho de 1917 — Harare, 1 de julho de 1999) foi um revolucionário e político georgista zimbabuano que serviu como de 1990 até sua morte em 1999. Ele fundou e liderou a União Popular Africana do Zimbábue. Era membro da tribo . É carinhosamente conhecido no Zimbábue como "Father Zimbabwe", Umdala Wethu, Umafukufuku ou Chibwechitedza. (pt) Joshua Nkomo, född 19 juni 1917 i i nuvarande Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe, död 1 juli 1999 i Harare, Zimbabwe, var en zimbabwisk politiker och nationalistledare. (sv) 约舒亚·恩科莫（英語：Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo，1917年6月19日－1999年7月1日），是津巴布韦的政治家，曾担任津巴布韦副总统、内政部长，领导成立了“津巴布韦非洲人民联盟”（ZAPU）。 (zh) Джо́шуа Мкубуке Ньонголо Нко́мо (англ. Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo, 19 июня 1917, Семокве, Матабелеленд , Южная Родезия, ныне Зимбабве — 1 июля 1999, Хараре, Республика Зимбабве) — зимбабвийский политический и государственный деятель, один из лидеров борьбы за независимость Южной Родезии и основателей Республики Зимбабве. Лидер партии Союз африканского народа Зимбабве (ЗАПУ, с 1980 года — Патриотический фронт). Министр внутренних дел Зимбабве в 1980 — 1981 годах, вице-президент Зимбабве в 1990 — 1999 годах. (ru) Joshua Mqabuko Nkomo (* 19. Juni 1917 in Semokwe, Matabeleland; † 1. Juli 1999 in Harare) war ein simbabwischer Politiker. Er war Gründer der Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) und von 1988 bis 1999 Vizepräsident von Simbabwe. Er wurde als Sohn eines Lehrer- und Laienpredigerehepaares und Angehöriger der Ndebele in Matabeleland im damaligen Südrhodesien geboren. Er erfuhr eine Ausbildung zum Sozialarbeiter in Südafrika, wo er an der Universität Fort Hare unter anderem auf Nelson Mandela traf. (de) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (19 de junio de 1917, , Matabeleland, Rodesia-1 de julio de 1999, Harare, Zimbabue) fue un nacionalista zimbabuense. Ayudó a liderar la guerra de guerrillas en contra del dominio blanco en Rodesia, pero sus fuerzas desempeñaron un rol menos importante que las de Robert Mugabe. Como líder de la Unión del Pueblo Africano de Zimbabue (ZAPU), Nkomo se convirtió en un adversario de Mugabe por mucho tiempo. Ambos participaron en un gobierno de coalición entre 1980 y 1982, pero Nkomo fue destituido después de la ruptura entre ellos. (es) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (19 June 1917 – 1 July 1999) was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and Matabeleland politician who served as Vice-President of Zimbabwe from 1990 until his death in 1999. He founded and led the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) from 1961 until it merged in 1987 with Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) to form ZANU–PF after an internal military crackdown that claimed more than 20,000 of ZAPU supporters. (en) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (Bukalanga edo Bulilima, Hego Rhodesia, 1917ko ekainaren 19a - Harare, 1999ko uztailaren 1a) Zimbabweko politikaria izan zen. 1945etik 1950era burdinbideetako langileen sindikatuko idazkari nagusi izan zen. 1957an ANCeko (Afrikako Kongresu Nazionala) lehendakari izendatu zuten. 1961ean ZAPU sortu zuen, beltz abertzaleak biltzen zituen erakundea. 1962an Rhodesiako gobernuak ZAPU debekatu eta Nkomo atxilotu zuen; 1964an Mozambiketik hurbil zegoen presondegi batera eraman zuten. 1971ean NBEko Segurtasun Erakundeak Rhodesiako gobernuari Nkomo aska zezala eskatu izanagatik, preso jarraitu zuen 1974 arte. 1977an Fronte Abertzalea izeneko erakunde armatuko lehendakaria izan zen Robert Mugaberekin batera. 1980ean hauteskundeak egin ziren eta Nkomoren alderdiak jarl (eu) 조슈아 음카부코 은욘골로 은코모 (1917년 6월 19일 - 1999년 7월 1일)는 짐바브웨의 혁명가이자 지공주의 성향의 정치인으로, 1990년부터 1999년 사망 직전까지 짐바브웨의 부통령이였다. 은코모는 짐바브웨 아프리카 인민 연맹 (ZAPU, Zimbabwe African People's Union)을 1961년 창당하여 이끌어왔으나 1987년 로버트 무가베의 짐바브웨 아프리카 민족 연맹 (ZANU)와 합당하여 현재의 짐바브웨 아프리카 민족 연맹 - 애국 전선 (ZANU-PF)을 구성하였다. 은코모는 노동조합의 지도자 출신으로, 현재는 해산된 국민민주당의 대표로 활동하였으며, 로디지아의 소수 백인 정권에 의해 10년 동안 구금당하였다. 은코모의 석방 이후, ZAPU는 로디지아의 정권교체에 크게 기여하였으나, 로버트 무가베가 ZAPU에서 축출당한 이후 ZANU를 창당하면서 두 정당간 갈등이 발생하였다. 은코모는 대숙청을 막기 위해 ZAPU가 ZANU와 합당하는 것을 허용하였으나, 이후 무가베의 반대파 숙청 과정에 생명에 위협을 느껴 망명하게 되었다. (ko) Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (Matabeleland, 19 juni 1917 – Harare, 1 juli 1999) was een Zimbabwaans nationalistisch leider en marxistisch theoreticus. Nkomo was de zoon van een zendeling. Hij studeerde aan de Fort Hare University waar hij onder anderen Nelson Mandela ontmoette. Na zijn studie werkte hij voor de Afrikaanse vakbeweging in het toenmalige Zuid-Rhodesië. In 1948 werd hij voorzitter van een spoorwegvakbond voor Afrikanen. Later bezocht hij andere Afrikaanse landen en conferenties van Afrikaanse nationalisten. Hij bezocht onder andere Ghana, de eerste Britse kolonie die onafhankelijk was geworden. (nl)
rdfs:label جوشوا نكومو (ar) Joshua Nkomo (de) Joshua Nkomo (es) Joshua Nkomo (eu) Joshua Nkomo (fr) Joshua Nkomo (en) 조슈아 은코모 (ko) Joshua Nkomo (pl) Joshua Nkomo (nl) Нкомо, Джошуа (ru) Joshua Nkomo (pt) Joshua Nkomo (sv) 约舒亚·恩科莫 (zh)
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