| dbo:abstract |
Robert Jenkinson, 2. hrabě z Liverpoolu (7. června 1770 Londýn – 4. prosinec 1828 Surrey) byl britský státník, člen strany Toryů a premiér. Jeho vláda byla známá prováděním represivních opatření, která měla zajistit veřejný pořádek, ale také provedením země obdobím radikalismu a nepokojů, které následovaly po napoleonských válkách. Mezi důležité události období kdy byl Jenkinson premiérem je možno zařadit napoleonské války, Vídeňský kongres, uvalení cla na dovoz kukuřice, masakr v Peterloo a začátek debaty o emancipaci katolíků. (cs) روبرت بانكس جنكنسون (بالإنجليزية: Robert Banks Jenkinson) يعرف أيضاً بلقب إيرل ليفربول الثاني (بالإنجليزية: 2nd Earl of Liverpool) سياسي بريطاني (7 يونيو 1770-4 ديسمبر 1828). تولى رئاسة الوزارة في بريطانيا من 8 يونيو 1812 إلى 9 أبريل 1827. بصفته رئيسًا للوزراء، دعا ليفربول إلى اتخاذ تدابير قمعية على المستوى المحلي للحفاظ على النظام هناك بعد مذبحة بيترلو عام 1819. تعامل بسلاسة مع الأمير الأمير القائم باعمال الملك عندما أصبح الملك جورج الثالث عاجزًا، كما قاد البلاد خلال فترة الراديكالية والاضطرابات التي أعقبت الحروب النابليونية. فضل جينكينسون المصالح التجارية والتصنيعية وكذلك مصلحة الأرض، وسعى للوصول إلى حل وسط بشأن قضية التحرر الكاثوليكي. عزز انتعاش الاقتصاد موقف روبرت السياسين وبحلول عشرينيات القرن التاسع عشر، أصبح زعيمًا لمجموعة الإصلاح «الليبراليون المحافظون» التي خفضت التعرفة الجمركية وألغت عقوبة الإعدام للعديد من الجرائم وأصلحت القانون الجنائي. لكن عند وفاته، كان حزب المحافظين منقسمًا بشدة. يقول المؤرخ جون ديري أنه كان: رجل دولة قدير وذكي، فاقت مهارته في بناء حزبه وقيادة البلاد إلى النصر في الحرب ضد نابليون وإرساء أسس الازدهار، قلة شعبيته في سنوات ما بعد معركة واترلو مباشرة. تضمنت الأحداث المهمة خلال فترة رئاسته للوزراء حرب 1812 مع الولايات المتحدة والتحالفين السادس والسابع ضد الإمبراطورية الفرنسية وانتهاء الحروب النابليونية في مؤتمر فيينا وقوانين الذرة ومذبحة بيترلو والقانون الثالوثي لعام 1812 وقضية التحرر الكاثوليكي. صنفه العلماء في مرتبة عالية بين جميع رؤساء الوزراء البريطانيين، لكن رئيس الوزراء المحافظ الذي أتى بعده لقبه بـ «متوسط المستوى». (ar) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2. Earl of Liverpool (* 7. Juni 1770 in London; † 4. Dezember 1828 in Kingston upon Thames, Surrey) war ein britischer Staatsmann und Premierminister des Vereinigten Königreichs von 1812 bis 1827. (de) Robert Jenkinson, Liverpoolgo II. kondea (Londres, 1770eko ekainaren 7a - Kingston upon Thames, 1828ko abenduaren 4a) britainiar politikari Torya izan zen. Erresuma Batuko lehen ministroa izan zen 1812tik 1827ra. Oxforden ikasi zuen eta gazte sartu zen politikan. 1801ean Henry Addingtonen gobernuko Kanpo Arazoetako estatu idazkari izendatu zuten. 1809an Spencer Percevalen gobernuko Gerra eta Koloniak estatu idazkari izendatu zuten. Lehen ministroaren postua onartu zuen 1812an Perceval hil ondoren.Bere agintaldian Napoleonen porrota eta Vienako Kongresua gertatu ziren. Baita 1812ko angloamerikar gerra ere. 1815ean onartu zituen, izaera protekzionistakoak. Peterlooko sarraskiaren ondoren, 1819an, ordena mantentzeko neurri errepresiboak ezarri zituen. Merkatarien, ondasun-ekoizleen eta jabeen interesen alde egin zuen. Katolikoen emantzipazioaren kontu polemikoan konpromiso bat bilatu zuen. Ekonomiaren hobekuntzak, azkenean, bere posizio politikoa indartu zuen. 1827an erretiratu zen, bere osasun txarragatik. * Datuak: Q312569 * Multimedia: Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (eu) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2e comte de Liverpool, né le 7 juin 1770 à Londres et mort le 4 décembre 1828 à Kingston upon Thames, est un homme d'État britannique qui est Premier ministre du Royaume-Uni durant plus de 14 ans, de 1812 à 1827. En tant que Premier ministre, il appela à des mesures répressives au niveau national pour maintenir l'ordre après le massacre de Peterloo de 1819. Il traita sans heurts avec le prince régent lorsque le roi George III fut frappé d'incapacité. Il dirigea également le pays à travers la période de radicalisme et de troubles qui suivit les guerres napoléoniennes, favorisa les intérêts commerciaux et manufacturiers ainsi que les intérêts fonciers et chercha un compromis sur la brûlante question de l'émancipation des catholiques. La relance de l'économie renforça sa position politique : dans les années 1820, il était le chef d'une faction réformatrice de « conservateurs libéraux » qui abaissa les tarifs, abolit la peine de mort pour de nombreux délits et réforma le droit pénal. Au moment de sa mort, cependant, le parti conservateur, qui avait dominé la Chambre des communes pendant plus de 40 ans, se déchirait. L'historien John Derry dit que Liverpool était : « Un homme d'État apte et intelligent, dont l'habileté à bâtir son parti, à mener le pays à la victoire dans la guerre contre Napoléon et à jeter les bases de la prospérité l'emporta sur son impopularité dans les années qui suivirent immédiatement Waterloo. » Son mandat en tant que Premier ministre fut principalement marqué par la guerre anglo-américaine de 1812, les sixième et septième coalitions contre l'Empire français, la conclusion des guerres napoléoniennes au congrès de Vienne, les Corn Laws, le massacre de Peterloo, l'Acte trinitaire de 1812 et la question émergente de l'émancipation catholique. Les historiens le classent en bonne position parmi tous les premiers ministres britanniques, mais Liverpool fut également surnommé « l'archi-médiocre » par un Premier ministre conservateur plus tardif, Benjamin Disraeli. (fr) Robert Banks Jenkinson, II conde de Liverpool (7 de junio de 1770-4 de diciembre de 1828) fue un político británico que ocupó el cargo de primer ministro del Reino Unido, desde el 8 de junio de 1812 hasta el 9 de abril de 1827. También fue secretario de Estado para Relaciones Exteriores y de la Mancomunidad (Foreign Secretary), de 1801 a 1804, dos veces ministro del Interior (Home Secretary), de 1804 a 1806 y de 1807 a 1809 y secretario de Estado de Guerra y de Colonias de 1809 a 1812, cuando fue propuesto para primer ministro tras el asesinato de Spencer Perceval. El historiador R. W. Seton-Watson resume las fortalezas y debilidades del Liverpool: Nadie reclamaría a Liverpool como un hombre de genio, pero tenía cualidades de tacto, firmeza y resistencia a las que los historiadores rara vez han hecho plena justicia: y así sucedió que ocupó el cargo de Premier durante un período más del doble de tiempo. como cualquier otro sucesor de Pitt, mucho después de que se reestableciera la paz en Europa. Una de las razones de su ascendencia era que tenía una visión incomparable de toda la maquinaria de gobierno, habiendo ocupado sucesivamente todas las Secretarías de Estado y puesto a prueba la eficiencia y las relaciones mutuas de políticos y funcionarios por igual ... Tenía un conocimiento mucho más amplio de asuntos exteriores que muchos que han ocupado su alto cargo. (es) Ba pholaiteoir agus Phríomh-Aire na Ríochta Aontaithe é Robert Jenkinson, 2ú Iarla Learpholl, 1st Earl of Avon a rugadh ar an 7 Meitheamh 1770 – 4 Nollaig 1828. (ga) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, KG, PC, FRS (7 June 1770 – 4 December 1828) was a British Tory statesman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1812 to 1827. He held many important cabinet offices such as Foreign Secretary, Home Secretary and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. He was also a member of the House of Lords and served as leader. As prime minister, Liverpool called for repressive measures at domestic level to maintain order after the Peterloo Massacre of 1819. He dealt smoothly with the Prince Regent when King George III was incapacitated. He also steered the country through the period of radicalism and unrest that followed the Napoleonic Wars. He favoured commercial and manufacturing interests as well as the landed interest. He sought a compromise of the heated issue of Catholic emancipation. The revival of the economy strengthened his political position. By the 1820s he was the leader of a reform faction of "Liberal Tories" who lowered the tariff, abolished the death penalty for many offences, and reformed the criminal law. By the time of his death, however, the Tory party, which had dominated the House of Commons for over 40 years, was ripping itself apart. Derry says he was: [A] capable and intelligent statesman, whose skill in building up his party, leading the country to victory in the war against Napoleon, and laying the foundations for prosperity outweighed his unpopularity in the immediate post-Waterloo years. Important events during his tenure as prime minister included the War of 1812 with the United States, the Sixth and Seventh Coalitions against the French Empire, the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars at the Congress of Vienna, the Corn Laws, the Peterloo Massacre, the Trinitarian Act 1812 and the emerging issue of Catholic emancipation. Scholars rank him highly among all British prime ministers, but he was also called "the Arch-mediocrity" by a later Conservative prime minister the Earl of Beaconsfield (Benjamin Disraeli). (en) 第2代リヴァプール伯爵ロバート・バンクス・ジェンキンソン（英: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, KG PC、1770年6月7日 - 1828年12月4日）は、イギリスの政治家、貴族。 トーリー党政権で閣僚職を歴任した後、1812年から1827年にかけて首相を務めた。政権初期にナポレオン戦争が終結し、ウィーン体制が構築された。イギリスを四国同盟に参加させつつ神聖同盟には参加しなかった。政権前半期には穀物法を制定したり、黎明期の労働運動に対して「ピータールーの虐殺」や治安六法制定などで弾圧するといった保守的政治が多かったが、ジョージ・カニングらトーリー党内自由主義派が閣僚に登用されたことで1822年頃から自由主義の傾向を示すようになり、自由貿易の推進や弾圧法規・厳罰主義法規の緩和などの改革が行われた。保守派閣僚と自由主義派閣僚の融和に努めていたが、1827年に病のために退任した。 1796年から1803年まで父の爵位ハークスベリー男爵を儀礼称号として使用、1803年にハークスベリー男爵位、1808年にリヴァプール伯爵位を継承した。 (ja) 제2대 리버풀 백작 로버트 뱅크스 젱킨슨(Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool KG PC}: 1770년 6월 7일 – 1828년 12월 4일)은 영국의 정치인이자 1801년 아일랜드와 연맹한 후 최장기 임기(1812-1827)를 지낸 영국의 수상이다. 1812년 수상이 되었을 때 그는 42세였으며, 그의 후임자들 중에서도 가장 젊은 나이였다. 수상으로 리버풀 경은 명령에 복종하도록 하는 억압적인 조치로 유명했지만 이는 나폴레옹 전쟁 이후 급진적,불안한 시기에 정국을 이끌기위한 것이다. 수상으로서 그의 임기동안에 발발한 중요한 사건들로는 미영전쟁과 더불어 제6차, 7차 대프랑동맹, 비엔나 회의에서의 나폴레옹 전쟁 종결, 곡물법, 피털루 학살, 삼위일체법, 가톨릭교도 해방령 등이 있었다. (ko) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2e graaf van Liverpool (Londen, 7 juni 1770 - Kingston upon Thames, 4 december 1828) was een Brits Tory-politicus die jarenlang premier van het Verenigd Koninkrijk werd. (nl) Robert Banks Jenkinson, secondo conte di Liverpool, fino al 1808 conosciuto come Lord Hawkesbury (Londra, 7 giugno 1770 – Kingston upon Thames, 4 dicembre 1828), è stato un politico inglese.Ha fatto parte del partito Tory. Ricoprì il ruolo di Primo ministro del Regno Unito dal 9 giugno 1812 al 10 aprile 1827. (it) Robert Banks Jenkinson (ur. 7 czerwca 1770 w Londynie, zm. 4 grudnia 1828 w Kingston upon Thames) – premier Wielkiej Brytanii w latach 1812–1827. Najstarszy syn Charlesa Jenkinsona, 1. hrabiego Liverpool, i Amelii Watts, córki . Liverpoolowi udało się stworzyć gabinet, w którym znaleźli się politycy bardziej błyskotliwi, niż on sam. Wielka Brytania wyszła zwycięsko z wojen napoleońskich, a torysowski rząd krwawo stłumił niepokoje społeczne. (pl) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2:e earl av Liverpool, född 7 juni 1770, död 4 december 1828, känd som lord Hawkesbury mellan 1796 och 1808, var en brittisk statsman, premiärminister mellan 1812 och 1827. Han var son till George III:s rådgivare Charles Jenkinson, 1:e earl av Liverpool och hans första fru Amelia Watts, och halvbror till Charles Jenkinson, 3:e earl av Liverpool . Jenkinson valdes 1790 till ledamot av underhuset, utsågs 1793 av Pitt den yngre till medlem av India board och var sedan, med ett kort uppehåll 1806-1807, minister ända till sin död. Han blev 1801 utrikesminister med säte i kabinettet och började då genast de förhandlingar, som ledde till freden i Amiens 1802. 1803 blev Jenkinson pär, 1804 (under Pitt) inrikesminister och överhusets ledare, ledde där oppositionen under Grenvilles kortvariga ministär samt återtog i mars 1807 sina förra ämbeten (med Portland som ministärens nominelle chef). År 1808 ärvde han vid faderns död titeln earl av Liverpool och var 1809-1812 under Perceval krigs- och . Då Perceval mördades 1812 uppstod en långvarig ministerkris, som slutade med att Jenkinson blev premiärminister i juni. Den regering som Jenkinson bildade, lyckades behålla makten i femton år. Åren 1812-1815 hade den en rad av lysande framgångar som kröntes med traktaterna i Wien och Paris 1815. Den reaktion som följde i nästan hela Europa kom även toryregeringen till godo. Genom undantagslagar och stränghet kuvades det inom landet, särskilt i arbetarklassen, härskande missnöjet. Med envishet och framgång motsatte sig Jenkinson det liberala partiets krav på parlamentsreform, frihandel och katolikernas emancipation. Trots att bland annat processen mot drottning Karolina och den stora handelskrisen 1825 och 1826 innebar stora svårigheter för regeringen, behöll kabinettet en stabil majoritet. Ett slaganfall den 27 februari 1827 gjorde Jenkinson oduglig för politiken och tvingade honom att avgå. Hans avgång medförde snart även att de stränga torygrundsatserna föll, för redan under hans efterträdare, George Canning – vilken från Castlereaghs självmord 1822 som utrikesminister lett den yttre politiken – började de liberala idéerna vinna insteg även inom regeringens inrikespolitik. (sv) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2º Conde de Liverpool, KG (7 de junho de 1770 – 4 de dezembro de 1828) foi um político britânico, que por mais tempo foi primeiro-ministro do Reino Unido (Robert Walpole foi o gabinete mais longo, mas antes da formação do Reino Unido) Enquanto foi primeiro-ministro, entre 1812 a 1827, Liverpool enfrentou como seu maior desafio manter a ordem, através de medidas ortodoxas, no período pós-Guerras Napoleônicas. Importantes eventos ocorreram durante este período, como o Congresso de Viena, as Corn Laws e o Massacre de Peterloo. Quando Spencer Perceval foi assassinado em maio de 1812, lorde Liverpool o sucedeu como primeiro-ministro. O gabinete de Liverpool contou com muitos dos futuros grandes líderes do Reino Unido, como o visconde Castlereagh, George Canning, o Duque de Wellington, Robert Peel, e William Huskisson. Liverpool era considerado um político hábil, quando conseguiu conter a ala mais liberais e reacionárias do partido, tendo em vista a dificuldade encontrada por seus sucessores, Canning, Goedrich e Wellington. Morreu aos 58 anos no dia 4 de dezembro de 1828, uma quinta-feira. (pt) Роберт Банкс Дженкинсон, 2-й граф Ливерпул (англ. Robert Banks Jenkinson; 7 июня 1770 — 4 декабря 1828) — британский государственный и политический деятель, лорд Хоксбери в 1796—1808 года, барон Хоксбери с 15 ноября 1803 года, 2-й граф Ливерпул с 17 декабря 1808 года. Премьер-министр Великобритании в 1812—1827 годах. С 18 июня 1790 по 15 ноября 1803 — член Палаты общин (переизбирался 28 июня 1793, 26 мая 1796, 13 марта 1799, 25 февраля 1801, 6 июля 1802). В 1796 принял титул учтивости лорд Хоксбери, когда его отец получил титул графа Ливерпул. В правительстве Генри Эддингтона был министром иностранных дел, в этой должности в 1801 году участвовал в подписании предварительных условий Амьенского мира. В 1803 получил титул Барон Хоксбери за заслуги на посту министра и перешёл в Палату Лордов. Во втором правительстве Уильяма Питта — министр внутренних дел. Занимал разные министерские посты в министерствах Портленда и Персиваля, а по смерти последнего, в 1812 году, сам сформировал кабинет, став премьер-министром Великобритании. Этот пост он занимал до 1827 года. (ru) 第二代利物浦伯爵羅伯特·班克斯·詹金遜，KG，PC（Robert Banks Jenkinson，2nd Earl of Liverpool，1770年6月7日 - 1828年12月4日），英国托利黨政治家，曾任英国首相。他以下议院议员为起点，先后担任历届政府中的外交大臣、内政大臣与陸軍及殖民地大臣，在珀西瓦爾遇刺身亡后接任首相。 (zh) Роберт Бенкс Ліверпул Дженкінсон, 2-й граф Ліверпуль (англ. Robert Banks Jenkinson; 7 червня 1770 — 4 грудня 1828) — британський політичний діяч. У 1791 році був обраний до палати громад. В уряді Генрі Аддінгтона був міністром закордонних справ, у другому кабінеті Вільяма Пітта — внутрішніх справ. Займав різні міністерські пости у кабінетах Портленда та Персіваля, а по смерті останнього, у 1812 році, сам сформував уряд. 22-й прем'єр-міністр Великої Британії з 1812 до 1827 року. (uk) |
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Robert Jenkinson, 2. hrabě z Liverpoolu (7. června 1770 Londýn – 4. prosinec 1828 Surrey) byl britský státník, člen strany Toryů a premiér. Jeho vláda byla známá prováděním represivních opatření, která měla zajistit veřejný pořádek, ale také provedením země obdobím radikalismu a nepokojů, které následovaly po napoleonských válkách. Mezi důležité události období kdy byl Jenkinson premiérem je možno zařadit napoleonské války, Vídeňský kongres, uvalení cla na dovoz kukuřice, masakr v Peterloo a začátek debaty o emancipaci katolíků. (cs) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2. Earl of Liverpool (* 7. Juni 1770 in London; † 4. Dezember 1828 in Kingston upon Thames, Surrey) war ein britischer Staatsmann und Premierminister des Vereinigten Königreichs von 1812 bis 1827. (de) Ba pholaiteoir agus Phríomh-Aire na Ríochta Aontaithe é Robert Jenkinson, 2ú Iarla Learpholl, 1st Earl of Avon a rugadh ar an 7 Meitheamh 1770 – 4 Nollaig 1828. (ga) 第2代リヴァプール伯爵ロバート・バンクス・ジェンキンソン（英: Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, KG PC、1770年6月7日 - 1828年12月4日）は、イギリスの政治家、貴族。 トーリー党政権で閣僚職を歴任した後、1812年から1827年にかけて首相を務めた。政権初期にナポレオン戦争が終結し、ウィーン体制が構築された。イギリスを四国同盟に参加させつつ神聖同盟には参加しなかった。政権前半期には穀物法を制定したり、黎明期の労働運動に対して「ピータールーの虐殺」や治安六法制定などで弾圧するといった保守的政治が多かったが、ジョージ・カニングらトーリー党内自由主義派が閣僚に登用されたことで1822年頃から自由主義の傾向を示すようになり、自由貿易の推進や弾圧法規・厳罰主義法規の緩和などの改革が行われた。保守派閣僚と自由主義派閣僚の融和に努めていたが、1827年に病のために退任した。 1796年から1803年まで父の爵位ハークスベリー男爵を儀礼称号として使用、1803年にハークスベリー男爵位、1808年にリヴァプール伯爵位を継承した。 (ja) 제2대 리버풀 백작 로버트 뱅크스 젱킨슨(Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool KG PC}: 1770년 6월 7일 – 1828년 12월 4일)은 영국의 정치인이자 1801년 아일랜드와 연맹한 후 최장기 임기(1812-1827)를 지낸 영국의 수상이다. 1812년 수상이 되었을 때 그는 42세였으며, 그의 후임자들 중에서도 가장 젊은 나이였다. 수상으로 리버풀 경은 명령에 복종하도록 하는 억압적인 조치로 유명했지만 이는 나폴레옹 전쟁 이후 급진적,불안한 시기에 정국을 이끌기위한 것이다. 수상으로서 그의 임기동안에 발발한 중요한 사건들로는 미영전쟁과 더불어 제6차, 7차 대프랑동맹, 비엔나 회의에서의 나폴레옹 전쟁 종결, 곡물법, 피털루 학살, 삼위일체법, 가톨릭교도 해방령 등이 있었다. (ko) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2e graaf van Liverpool (Londen, 7 juni 1770 - Kingston upon Thames, 4 december 1828) was een Brits Tory-politicus die jarenlang premier van het Verenigd Koninkrijk werd. (nl) Robert Banks Jenkinson, secondo conte di Liverpool, fino al 1808 conosciuto come Lord Hawkesbury (Londra, 7 giugno 1770 – Kingston upon Thames, 4 dicembre 1828), è stato un politico inglese.Ha fatto parte del partito Tory. Ricoprì il ruolo di Primo ministro del Regno Unito dal 9 giugno 1812 al 10 aprile 1827. (it) Robert Banks Jenkinson (ur. 7 czerwca 1770 w Londynie, zm. 4 grudnia 1828 w Kingston upon Thames) – premier Wielkiej Brytanii w latach 1812–1827. Najstarszy syn Charlesa Jenkinsona, 1. hrabiego Liverpool, i Amelii Watts, córki . Liverpoolowi udało się stworzyć gabinet, w którym znaleźli się politycy bardziej błyskotliwi, niż on sam. Wielka Brytania wyszła zwycięsko z wojen napoleońskich, a torysowski rząd krwawo stłumił niepokoje społeczne. (pl) 第二代利物浦伯爵羅伯特·班克斯·詹金遜，KG，PC（Robert Banks Jenkinson，2nd Earl of Liverpool，1770年6月7日 - 1828年12月4日），英国托利黨政治家，曾任英国首相。他以下议院议员为起点，先后担任历届政府中的外交大臣、内政大臣与陸軍及殖民地大臣，在珀西瓦爾遇刺身亡后接任首相。 (zh) Роберт Бенкс Ліверпул Дженкінсон, 2-й граф Ліверпуль (англ. Robert Banks Jenkinson; 7 червня 1770 — 4 грудня 1828) — британський політичний діяч. У 1791 році був обраний до палати громад. В уряді Генрі Аддінгтона був міністром закордонних справ, у другому кабінеті Вільяма Пітта — внутрішніх справ. Займав різні міністерські пости у кабінетах Портленда та Персіваля, а по смерті останнього, у 1812 році, сам сформував уряд. 22-й прем'єр-міністр Великої Британії з 1812 до 1827 року. (uk) روبرت بانكس جنكنسون (بالإنجليزية: Robert Banks Jenkinson) يعرف أيضاً بلقب إيرل ليفربول الثاني (بالإنجليزية: 2nd Earl of Liverpool) سياسي بريطاني (7 يونيو 1770-4 ديسمبر 1828). تولى رئاسة الوزارة في بريطانيا من 8 يونيو 1812 إلى 9 أبريل 1827. يقول المؤرخ جون ديري أنه كان: رجل دولة قدير وذكي، فاقت مهارته في بناء حزبه وقيادة البلاد إلى النصر في الحرب ضد نابليون وإرساء أسس الازدهار، قلة شعبيته في سنوات ما بعد معركة واترلو مباشرة. (ar) Robert Banks Jenkinson, II conde de Liverpool (7 de junio de 1770-4 de diciembre de 1828) fue un político británico que ocupó el cargo de primer ministro del Reino Unido, desde el 8 de junio de 1812 hasta el 9 de abril de 1827. También fue secretario de Estado para Relaciones Exteriores y de la Mancomunidad (Foreign Secretary), de 1801 a 1804, dos veces ministro del Interior (Home Secretary), de 1804 a 1806 y de 1807 a 1809 y secretario de Estado de Guerra y de Colonias de 1809 a 1812, cuando fue propuesto para primer ministro tras el asesinato de Spencer Perceval. (es) Robert Jenkinson, Liverpoolgo II. kondea (Londres, 1770eko ekainaren 7a - Kingston upon Thames, 1828ko abenduaren 4a) britainiar politikari Torya izan zen. Erresuma Batuko lehen ministroa izan zen 1812tik 1827ra. Oxforden ikasi zuen eta gazte sartu zen politikan. 1801ean Henry Addingtonen gobernuko Kanpo Arazoetako estatu idazkari izendatu zuten. 1809an Spencer Percevalen gobernuko Gerra eta Koloniak estatu idazkari izendatu zuten. * Datuak: Q312569 * Multimedia: Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (eu) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2e comte de Liverpool, né le 7 juin 1770 à Londres et mort le 4 décembre 1828 à Kingston upon Thames, est un homme d'État britannique qui est Premier ministre du Royaume-Uni durant plus de 14 ans, de 1812 à 1827. L'historien John Derry dit que Liverpool était : « Un homme d'État apte et intelligent, dont l'habileté à bâtir son parti, à mener le pays à la victoire dans la guerre contre Napoléon et à jeter les bases de la prospérité l'emporta sur son impopularité dans les années qui suivirent immédiatement Waterloo. » (fr) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, KG, PC, FRS (7 June 1770 – 4 December 1828) was a British Tory statesman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1812 to 1827. He held many important cabinet offices such as Foreign Secretary, Home Secretary and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. He was also a member of the House of Lords and served as leader. Derry says he was: (en) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2º Conde de Liverpool, KG (7 de junho de 1770 – 4 de dezembro de 1828) foi um político britânico, que por mais tempo foi primeiro-ministro do Reino Unido (Robert Walpole foi o gabinete mais longo, mas antes da formação do Reino Unido) Enquanto foi primeiro-ministro, entre 1812 a 1827, Liverpool enfrentou como seu maior desafio manter a ordem, através de medidas ortodoxas, no período pós-Guerras Napoleônicas. Importantes eventos ocorreram durante este período, como o Congresso de Viena, as Corn Laws e o Massacre de Peterloo. (pt) Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2:e earl av Liverpool, född 7 juni 1770, död 4 december 1828, känd som lord Hawkesbury mellan 1796 och 1808, var en brittisk statsman, premiärminister mellan 1812 och 1827. Han var son till George III:s rådgivare Charles Jenkinson, 1:e earl av Liverpool och hans första fru Amelia Watts, och halvbror till Charles Jenkinson, 3:e earl av Liverpool . (sv) Роберт Банкс Дженкинсон, 2-й граф Ливерпул (англ. Robert Banks Jenkinson; 7 июня 1770 — 4 декабря 1828) — британский государственный и политический деятель, лорд Хоксбери в 1796—1808 года, барон Хоксбери с 15 ноября 1803 года, 2-й граф Ливерпул с 17 декабря 1808 года. Премьер-министр Великобритании в 1812—1827 годах. (ru) |
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روبرت جنكنسون (ar) Robert Jenkinson (cs) Robert Jenkinson, 2. Earl of Liverpool (de) Robert Jenkinson (es) Robert Jenkinson (Liverpoolgo II. kondea) (eu) Robert Jenkinson, 2ú Iarla Learpholl (ga) Robert Banks Jenkinson, II conte di Liverpool (it) Robert Jenkinson (2e comte de Liverpool) (fr) 제2대 리버풀 백작 로버트 젱킨슨 (ko) ロバート・ジェンキンソン (第2代リヴァプール伯爵) (ja) Robert Jenkinson (pl) Robert Jenkinson (nl) Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (en) Robert Jenkinson, 2.º Conde de Liverpool (pt) Дженкинсон, Роберт Банкс, 2-й граф Ливерпул (ru) Robert Jenkinson, 2:e earl av Liverpool (sv) Роберт Бенкс Ліверпул Дженкінсон (uk) 第二代利物浦伯爵羅伯特·詹金遜 (zh) |
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| is dbp:after of |
dbr:Robert_Dundas,_2nd_Viscount_Melville dbr:George_Spencer,_2nd_Earl_Spencer dbr:Thomas_Pelham,_2nd_Earl_of_Chichester dbr:Richard_Penn_(governor) dbr:Charles_Jenkinson,_1st_Earl_of_Liverpool dbr:Charles_Long,_1st_Baron_Farnborough dbr:Charles_Philip_Yorke dbr:Sir_George_Yonge,_5th_Baronet |
| is dbp:afterElection of |
dbr:1812_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1820_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1826_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1818_United_Kingdom_general_election |
| is dbp:before of |
dbr:Richard_Ryder_(politician,_born_1766) dbr:Robert_Dundas,_2nd_Viscount_Melville dbr:George_Spencer,_2nd_Earl_Spencer dbr:Charles_Jenkinson,_3rd_Earl_of_Liverpool |
| is dbp:beforeElection of |
dbr:1812_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1820_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1826_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1818_United_Kingdom_general_election |
| is dbp:governmentHead of |
dbr:Liverpool_ministry |
| is dbp:introducedBy of |
dbr:Slave_Trade_Act_1824 |
| is dbp:leader of |
dbr:1812_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1820_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1826_United_Kingdom_general_election dbr:1818_United_Kingdom_general_election |
| is dbp:leadfigures of |
dbr:Radical_War |
| is dbp:minister of |
dbr:Perceval_ministry dbr:Addington_ministry dbr:First_Pitt_ministry dbr:Second_Pitt_ministry |
| is dbp:nameEtymology of |
dbr:Liverpool_River |
| is dbp:predecessor of |
dbr:Richard_Ryder_(politician,_born_1766) dbr:George_Canning dbr:George_Spencer,_2nd_Earl_Spencer dbr:Dudley_Ryder,_1st_Earl_of_Harrowby dbr:Charles_Perceval,_2nd_Baron_Arden |
| is dbp:primeminister of |
dbr:Robert_Peel dbr:Robert_Wilmot-Horton dbr:Richard_Trench,_2nd_Earl_of_Clancarty dbr:Robert_Dundas,_2nd_Viscount_Melville dbr:Robert_Hobart,_4th_Earl_of_Buckinghamshire dbr:Robert_Jocelyn,_3rd_Earl_of_Roden dbr:Ulick_de_Burgh,_1st_Marquess_of_Clanricarde dbr:Ulysses_Burgh,_2nd_Baron_Downes dbr:George_Cholmondeley,_1st_Marquess_of_Cholmondeley dbr:Lord_Charles_Bentinck dbr:Lord_Frederick_Montagu dbr:William_Amherst,_1st_Earl_Amherst dbr:William_Fremantle_(politician) dbr:Dudley_Ryder,_1st_Earl_of_Harrowby dbr:Francis_Ingram-Seymour-Conway,_2nd_Marquess_of_Hertford dbr:Nicholas_Vansittart,_1st_Baron_Bexley dbr:John_Wilson_Croker dbr:Henry_Bathurst,_3rd_Earl_Bathurst dbr:Henry_Conyngham,_1st_Marquess_Conyngham dbr:James_Cecil,_1st_Marquess_of_Salisbury dbr:Charles_Arbuthnot dbr:Charles_Bathurst dbr:Charles_Chetwynd-Talbot,_2nd_Earl_Talbot dbr:Charles_Ellis,_6th_Baron_Howard_de_Walden dbr:Charles_Lennox,_4th_Duke_of_Richmond dbr:Charles_Long,_1st_Baron_Farnborough dbr:Charles_Sackville-Germain,_5th_Duke_of_Dorset dbr:Charles_Williams-Wynn_(1775–1850) dbr:John_Fane,_10th_Earl_of_Westmorland |
| is dbp:spouse(s)_ of |
dbr:Louisa_Jenkinson,_Countess_of_Liverpool dbr:Mary_Jenkinson,_Countess_of_Liverpool |
| is dbp:successor of |
dbr:George_Spencer,_2nd_Earl_Spencer dbr:Charles_Philip_Yorke dbr:Spencer_Perceval |
| is dbp:with of |
dbr:Robert_Dundas,_2nd_Viscount_Melville dbr:John_Blaquiere,_1st_Baron_de_Blaquiere |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of |
wikipedia-en:Robert_Jenkinson,_2nd_Earl_of_Liverpool |
