Northwest Territory (original) (raw)

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El Territorio del Noroeste (en inglés Northwest Territory), también conocido como Viejo Noroeste y como Territorio del Noroeste de Ohio, fue un territorio de los Estados Unidos de América, anexionado como parte del acuerdo que dio fin a la Revolución estadounidense de 1776, que ganaron los patriotas. El territorio se creó oficialmente en el Congreso Estadounidense el 13 de julio de 1787.​ En sus orígenes, abarcaba los actuales estados de Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Míchigan y Wisconsin, así como el este de Minnesota. La región tenía más de 673 000 kilómetros cuadrados. El territorio fue reivindicado por Nueva York, Massachusetts, Connecticut y Virginia.

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dbo:abstract El Territori al Nord-oest del Riu Ohio, en angles: Territory Northwest of the River Ohio, o simplement Northwest Territory, va ser un territori dels Estats Units (organized incorporated territory of the United States) que va existir des del 13 de juliol de 1787, fins a l'1 de març de 1803, moment en el qual la part sud-est d'aquest territori va ser admesa a la Unió (Estats Units) com a Estat d'Ohio. Prèviament aquest territori formava part de la província britànica de Quebec (1763–1791) i era un territori utilitzat per als amerindis per la Reial Proclamació de 1763 i que pel Tractat de París (1783) va ser assignat als Estats Units. El territori, ja sota els Estats Units, incloïa tot el terreny a l'oest de Pennsilvània i al nord-oest del riu Ohio. Abastava completament els actuals estats d'Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, i Wisconsin, com també la part nord-est de Minnesota. La superfície total era de 670.000 km². Les seves capitals van ser: Marietta (1788–1799) i Chillicothe (1799–1803). S'hi refereix la Guerra Ameríndia del Nord-oest. No s'ha de confondre amb l'antic Territori del Nord-oest de l'Amèrica britànica. (ca) Severozápadní teritorium (anglicky: Northwest Territory), jinak též teritorium severozápadně od řeky Ohio (anglicky: Territory Northwest of the River Ohio) bylo organizované začleněné území Spojených států amerických, které existovalo od 13. července 1787 do 1. března 1803, kdy byla jihovýchodní část teritoria přijata do Unie jako stát Ohio. Dříve bylo součástí teritoria , které bylo pod britskou nadvládou roku 1763 vyčleněno pro americké indiány, jež bylo roku 1783 Pařížskou smlouvou přiděleno Spojeným státům. Jeho správa a způsob přijetí do Unie byla stanovena zákonem Northwest Ordinance, který americký Kongres přijal 13. července 1787. Na základě zákona mělo na daném území východně od řeky Mississippi a severně od řeky Ohio až po Velká jezera vzniknout až pět států. Dnes se na území někdejšího Severozápadního teritoria nachází státy Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin a severovýchodní část Minnesoty. Jeho rozloha činila více než 670 tisíc km2 (cs) Das Nordwest-Territorium, auch Territorium nördlich des Ohio Rivers, war ein von 1787 bis 1803 bestehendes historisches Hoheitsgebiet der Vereinigten Staaten von ursprünglich etwa 630.000 km² Größe (zum Vergleich: Deutschland hat 357.000 km²), das nördlich des Ohio und westlich von Pennsylvania lag. Zum Zeitpunkt, als das Nordwest-Territorium eingerichtet wurde, lag die Westgrenze der USA am Mississippi. Das Nordwest-Territorium wurde am 14. Juli 1787 vom Kontinentalkongress mit der gesetzlich festgelegt und am 7. August 1789 vom Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten mit kleinen Änderungen bestätigt. In der Verordnung wurde die Verwaltung geregelt und die Aufnahme in die Union vorbereitet. Damit übergaben die 13 Bundesstaaten an der Ostküste, vor allem Massachusetts, Connecticut und Virginia, die bisher überlappende Ansprüche westlich der Appalachen erhoben hatten, die Hoheit über ein Gebiet nordwestlich des Ohio an die Bundesregierung. Das Gesetz sah unter anderem vor, dass aus dem Territorium Bundesstaaten gebildet werden sollten, sobald bestimmte Voraussetzungen, vor allem zur Bevölkerungszahl, erfüllt waren, und ordnete die Einrichtung von öffentlichen Schulsystemen an. Außerdem wurde die Sklaverei in dem Gebiet für alle Zeiten verboten. Aus dem Nordwest-Territorium entstanden später die Bundesstaaten Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan und Wisconsin sowie der östlich des Mississippis liegende Teil von Minnesota. (de) El Territorio del Noroeste (en inglés Northwest Territory), también conocido como Viejo Noroeste y como Territorio del Noroeste de Ohio, fue un territorio de los Estados Unidos de América, anexionado como parte del acuerdo que dio fin a la Revolución estadounidense de 1776, que ganaron los patriotas. El territorio se creó oficialmente en el Congreso Estadounidense el 13 de julio de 1787.​ En sus orígenes, abarcaba los actuales estados de Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Míchigan y Wisconsin, así como el este de Minnesota. La región tenía más de 673 000 kilómetros cuadrados. El territorio fue reivindicado por Nueva York, Massachusetts, Connecticut y Virginia. (es) The Northwest Territory, also known as the Old Northwest and formally known as the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio, was formed from unorganized western territory of the United States after the American Revolutionary War. Established in 1787 by the Congress of the Confederation through the Northwest Ordinance, it was the nation's first post-colonial organized incorporated territory. At the time of its creation, the territory included all the land west of Pennsylvania, northwest of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River below the Great Lakes, and what later became known as the Boundary Waters. The region was ceded to the United States in the Treaty of Paris of 1783. Throughout the Revolutionary War, the region was part of the British Province of Quebec. It spanned all or large parts of six eventual U.S. states (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and the northeastern part of Minnesota). Reduced to present-day Ohio, eastern Michigan and a sliver of southeastern Indiana with the formation of Indiana Territory July 4, 1800, it ceased to exist March 1, 1803, when the southeastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Ohio, and the remainder attached to Indiana Territory. Initially, the territory was governed by martial law under a governor and three judges. As population increased, a legislature was formed as were a succession of counties, eventually totaling thirteen. At the time of its creation the Northwest Territory was a vast wilderness, long-populated by Native American cultures including the Delaware, Miami, Potawatomi, Shawnee and others; there were only a handful of French colonial settlements, plus Clarksville at the Falls of the Ohio. By the time of the territory's dissolution, there were dozens of towns and settlements, a few with thousands of settlers, chiefly along the Ohio and Miami Rivers and the south shore of Lake Erie in Ohio. Conflicts between settlers and Native American inhabitants of the Territory resulted in the Northwest Indian War culminating in General "Mad" Anthony Wayne's victory at Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. The subsequent Treaty of Greenville in 1795 opened the way for settlement of southern and western Ohio. (en) Le Territoire du Nord-Ouest (en anglais : Northwest Territory) est une région administrative à la naissance des États-Unis. L'ordonnance du Nord-Ouest, votée par le Congrès de la Confédération le 13 juillet 1787, définit l'administration de ce territoire et fixe les règles de son admission en tant qu'État. Le 7 août 1789, le nouveau Congrès des États-Unis confirme l'ordonnance avec quelques modifications mineures dans la Constitution. Le territoire comprend ce qui était jusqu'en 1763 la partie méridionale du Pays-d'en-Haut et la Haute-Louisiane, c'est-à-dire toutes les terres de l'ex (en) acquises par les États-Unis à l'Ouest de la Pennsylvanie et au Nord-Ouest de l'Ohio. Il couvre tous les actuels États de l'Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, et Wisconsin, ainsi que la partie Nord-Est du Minnesota. Le territoire couvrait alors plus de 673 000 km2. Il est réduit à l’Ohio, l’est du Michigan et un morceau du sud-est de l’Indiana lors de la formation du territoire de l'Indiana le 4 juillet 1800, et a été dissous le 1er mars 1803, lorsque la partie sud-est du territoire a été admis dans l’Union comme l’État de l’Ohio, et le reste étant rattaché au territoire de l’Indiana. (fr) Il Territorio del nord-ovest, anche conosciuto come Vecchio Nordovest e Territorio nordoccidentale dell'Ohio, fu una regione amministrativa indipendente degli Stati Uniti. (it) 北西部領土(ほくせいぶりょうど、英: Northwest Territory, Old Northwest, Territory North West of the Ohio)は、アメリカ合衆国における建国当初の政治的区分の一つを指す。 (ja) 북서부 영토(Northwest Territory, Old Northwest, Territory North West of the Ohio)는 미합중국 건국 초기의 정치적 구분의 하나를 가리킨다. 1787년 7월 13일에 연합회의에서 통과된 〈북서부 조례〉를 통해 영토 관리 및 주 승격 기준이 정해졌다. 1789년 8월 7일, 미국 헌법 하에 미국 의회에서 일부 수정이 가해진 조례가 재확인되었다. 이 영토는 펜실베이니아의 서쪽, 오하이오 강 북서쪽 모든 토지가 포함됐다. 현재 행정 구역상으로는 오하이오, 인디애나, 일리노이, 미시간과 위스콘신에 해당하며, 미네소타의 북동부도 포함되어 있었다. 오늘날 지리적 구분으로는 미국 중서부(Midwestern United States)라고 불리기도 한다. 영토의 넓이는 673,000 km2에 해당된다. 현재 미국의 북서부는 오리건, 몬태나 등 태평양과 캐나다에 접하는 지역 일대를 가리킨다. 또한 캐나다의 노스웨스트 준주는 북극해에 가까운 지역이며, 현재의 글에서 다루는 북서부 영토와 접하고 있지 않다. 또한 영토의 영어 Territory 또는 Territories은 ‘준주’로 번역될 수 있지만, 합중국 헌법이 적용되어 독자적인 정부와 의회를 갖춘 후 "준주"를 적용하게 된다. (ko) Het Noordwestterritorium (Engels: Northwest Territory of voluit Territory Northwest of the River Ohio) was vanaf 1787 een territorium van de recent onafhankelijk geworden Verenigde Staten. Het omvatte ongeveer 630.000 km² ten noordwesten van de Ohiorivier en ten westen van Pennsylvania. In het westen was de grens de Mississippi die op dat moment de westgrens van de Verenigde Staten vormde. Met de Verordening van het Noordwesten van 14 juli 1787 brachten de dertien oorspronkelijke staten van de V.S. hun overlappende gebiedsaanspraken bij elkaar in een federaal territorium. Deze wet werd op 7 augustus 1789 aangenomen door het Congres. Men voorzag dat in dit gebied nieuwe lidstaten gecreëerd zouden worden; bovendien werd de slavernij in dit gebied voor altijd verboden. Bij de oprichting leefden in het gebied 45.000 indianen en 2.000 Europeanen, voornamelijk Franse en Engelse pelshandelaren. De Britten wilden de uitbreiding van de Verenigde Staten en verdere kolonialisering ten nadele van de indianen tegengaan, maar een Amerikaans leger onder generaal veroverde het gebied in 1794. Bij de Vrede van Gent in 1814 gaf Groot-Brittannië al zijn aanspraken op het territorium op. Later ontstonden uit het Noordwestterritorium de staten Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, en Wisconsin en het oostelijke deel van Minnesota. (nl) O Território do Noroeste, também conhecido como Velho Noroeste e como Território do Noroeste do Ohio, foi um território dos Estados Unidos, anexado por último do Reino Unido, como parte do acordo que terminava a Revolução Americana de 1776, vencida pelos americanos. O território foi oficialmente criado no Congresso Americano em 13 de julho de 1787 e deixou de existir em 1 de março de 1803. Cobria originalmente os atuais estados de Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan e Wisconsin, bem como o leste do Minnesota. A região possuía mais de 260 mil quilômetros quadrados. O território foi reivindicado por Nova Iorque, Massachusetts, Connecticut e Virgínia. Sua primeira capital foi Marietta (1788-1799), e a segunda foi Chillicothe (1799–1803), ambas em Ohio. Inicialmente, o território era governado pela lei marcial sob um governador e três juízes. Com o aumento da população, uma legislatura foi formada e uma sucessão de condados, totalizando treze. Na época de sua criação, o Território do Noroeste era um vasto deserto, há muito povoado por culturas indígenas americanas, incluindo Delaware, Miami, Potawatomi, Shawnee e outros; havia apenas um punhado de assentamentos coloniais franceses, além de Clarksvillenas Cataratas do Ohio. Na época da dissolução do território, havia dezenas de cidades e assentamentos, alguns com milhares de colonos, principalmente ao longo dos rios Ohio e Miami e na margem sul do Lago Erie, em Ohio. Conflitos entre colonos e habitantes nativos americanos do Território resultaram na Guerra dos Índios do Noroeste, culminando na vitória do General "Louco" Anthony Wayne na Batalha de Madeiras Caídas em 1794. O subsequente Tratado de Greenville em 1795 abriu o caminho para a colonização do sul e oeste de Ohio. (pt) Nordvästterritoriet (engelska: Northwest Territory) eller Territoriet nordväst om Ohiofloden (engelska: Territory Northwest of the Ohio River), var ett amerikanskt federalt territorium, som existerade från den 13 juli 1787 och fram till 1800, då Indianaterritoriet bildades, och till 1803, då den sydöstra delen bildade den amerikanska delstaten Ohio. (sv) 西北領地(英語:Northwest Territory),亦稱為俄亥俄河西北領地(Territory North West of the River Ohio),是美國建國初期的一塊聯邦政府領地。1787年7月13日為美國國會前身的大陸會議通過西北法令,在1789年8月7日國會確認了此法令的正式性並將之小部分的修改以符合美國憲法的規範。西北法令的誕生為美國對西北領地的管理提供了一套有系統的條例規則以及該領地未來成為州加入聯邦的程序。西北領地實際上位於現今美國的中西部,但是在美國剛成立時,相對於原本的北美十三州而言,這塊領地的確位於當時的美國西北邊,因此得名為西北領地。此領地的範圍包括了賓夕法尼亞州以西以及俄亥俄河之西北的美國土地,相當於現今的俄亥俄州、印第安那州、伊利諾州、密西根州、與威斯康辛州的全境加上明尼蘇達州的西北部,這塊領地面積廣達673,000平方公里(260,000平方英哩)。 (zh) Старый Северо-Запад, известный также как Северо-западная территория, — исторический регион США, составляющий большую часть современного Среднего Запада, существовавший в 1787—1803 годах до образования на его юго-восточной части штата Огайо. До войны за независимость США был частью британской индейской резервации согласно Королевской декларации 1763 года, которая была передана под контроль США по Парижскому мирному договору 1783 года. Законодательно регион был оформлен в качестве одной из территорий США в 1787 году специальным актом Конгресса, называемым Северо-западный ордонанс, который в 1789 году с небольшими модификациями составил часть конституции США. (ru)
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rdfs:comment El Territorio del Noroeste (en inglés Northwest Territory), también conocido como Viejo Noroeste y como Territorio del Noroeste de Ohio, fue un territorio de los Estados Unidos de América, anexionado como parte del acuerdo que dio fin a la Revolución estadounidense de 1776, que ganaron los patriotas. El territorio se creó oficialmente en el Congreso Estadounidense el 13 de julio de 1787.​ En sus orígenes, abarcaba los actuales estados de Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Míchigan y Wisconsin, así como el este de Minnesota. La región tenía más de 673 000 kilómetros cuadrados. El territorio fue reivindicado por Nueva York, Massachusetts, Connecticut y Virginia. (es) Il Territorio del nord-ovest, anche conosciuto come Vecchio Nordovest e Territorio nordoccidentale dell'Ohio, fu una regione amministrativa indipendente degli Stati Uniti. (it) 北西部領土(ほくせいぶりょうど、英: Northwest Territory, Old Northwest, Territory North West of the Ohio)は、アメリカ合衆国における建国当初の政治的区分の一つを指す。 (ja) Nordvästterritoriet (engelska: Northwest Territory) eller Territoriet nordväst om Ohiofloden (engelska: Territory Northwest of the Ohio River), var ett amerikanskt federalt territorium, som existerade från den 13 juli 1787 och fram till 1800, då Indianaterritoriet bildades, och till 1803, då den sydöstra delen bildade den amerikanska delstaten Ohio. (sv) 西北領地(英語:Northwest Territory),亦稱為俄亥俄河西北領地(Territory North West of the River Ohio),是美國建國初期的一塊聯邦政府領地。1787年7月13日為美國國會前身的大陸會議通過西北法令,在1789年8月7日國會確認了此法令的正式性並將之小部分的修改以符合美國憲法的規範。西北法令的誕生為美國對西北領地的管理提供了一套有系統的條例規則以及該領地未來成為州加入聯邦的程序。西北領地實際上位於現今美國的中西部,但是在美國剛成立時,相對於原本的北美十三州而言,這塊領地的確位於當時的美國西北邊,因此得名為西北領地。此領地的範圍包括了賓夕法尼亞州以西以及俄亥俄河之西北的美國土地,相當於現今的俄亥俄州、印第安那州、伊利諾州、密西根州、與威斯康辛州的全境加上明尼蘇達州的西北部,這塊領地面積廣達673,000平方公里(260,000平方英哩)。 (zh) El Territori al Nord-oest del Riu Ohio, en angles: Territory Northwest of the River Ohio, o simplement Northwest Territory, va ser un territori dels Estats Units (organized incorporated territory of the United States) que va existir des del 13 de juliol de 1787, fins a l'1 de març de 1803, moment en el qual la part sud-est d'aquest territori va ser admesa a la Unió (Estats Units) com a Estat d'Ohio. Prèviament aquest territori formava part de la província britànica de Quebec (1763–1791) i era un territori utilitzat per als amerindis per la Reial Proclamació de 1763 i que pel Tractat de París (1783) va ser assignat als Estats Units. (ca) Severozápadní teritorium (anglicky: Northwest Territory), jinak též teritorium severozápadně od řeky Ohio (anglicky: Territory Northwest of the River Ohio) bylo organizované začleněné území Spojených států amerických, které existovalo od 13. července 1787 do 1. března 1803, kdy byla jihovýchodní část teritoria přijata do Unie jako stát Ohio. Dříve bylo součástí teritoria , které bylo pod britskou nadvládou roku 1763 vyčleněno pro americké indiány, jež bylo roku 1783 Pařížskou smlouvou přiděleno Spojeným státům. (cs) Das Nordwest-Territorium, auch Territorium nördlich des Ohio Rivers, war ein von 1787 bis 1803 bestehendes historisches Hoheitsgebiet der Vereinigten Staaten von ursprünglich etwa 630.000 km² Größe (zum Vergleich: Deutschland hat 357.000 km²), das nördlich des Ohio und westlich von Pennsylvania lag. Zum Zeitpunkt, als das Nordwest-Territorium eingerichtet wurde, lag die Westgrenze der USA am Mississippi. Aus dem Nordwest-Territorium entstanden später die Bundesstaaten Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan und Wisconsin sowie der östlich des Mississippis liegende Teil von Minnesota. (de) The Northwest Territory, also known as the Old Northwest and formally known as the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio, was formed from unorganized western territory of the United States after the American Revolutionary War. Established in 1787 by the Congress of the Confederation through the Northwest Ordinance, it was the nation's first post-colonial organized incorporated territory. (en) Le Territoire du Nord-Ouest (en anglais : Northwest Territory) est une région administrative à la naissance des États-Unis. L'ordonnance du Nord-Ouest, votée par le Congrès de la Confédération le 13 juillet 1787, définit l'administration de ce territoire et fixe les règles de son admission en tant qu'État. Le 7 août 1789, le nouveau Congrès des États-Unis confirme l'ordonnance avec quelques modifications mineures dans la Constitution. Le territoire comprend ce qui était jusqu'en 1763 la partie méridionale du Pays-d'en-Haut et la Haute-Louisiane, c'est-à-dire toutes les terres de l'ex (en) acquises par les États-Unis à l'Ouest de la Pennsylvanie et au Nord-Ouest de l'Ohio. Il couvre tous les actuels États de l'Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, et Wisconsin, ainsi que la partie Nord-Est du (fr) 북서부 영토(Northwest Territory, Old Northwest, Territory North West of the Ohio)는 미합중국 건국 초기의 정치적 구분의 하나를 가리킨다. 1787년 7월 13일에 연합회의에서 통과된 〈북서부 조례〉를 통해 영토 관리 및 주 승격 기준이 정해졌다. 1789년 8월 7일, 미국 헌법 하에 미국 의회에서 일부 수정이 가해진 조례가 재확인되었다. 이 영토는 펜실베이니아의 서쪽, 오하이오 강 북서쪽 모든 토지가 포함됐다. 현재 행정 구역상으로는 오하이오, 인디애나, 일리노이, 미시간과 위스콘신에 해당하며, 미네소타의 북동부도 포함되어 있었다. 오늘날 지리적 구분으로는 미국 중서부(Midwestern United States)라고 불리기도 한다. 영토의 넓이는 673,000 km2에 해당된다. (ko) Het Noordwestterritorium (Engels: Northwest Territory of voluit Territory Northwest of the River Ohio) was vanaf 1787 een territorium van de recent onafhankelijk geworden Verenigde Staten. Het omvatte ongeveer 630.000 km² ten noordwesten van de Ohiorivier en ten westen van Pennsylvania. In het westen was de grens de Mississippi die op dat moment de westgrens van de Verenigde Staten vormde. Later ontstonden uit het Noordwestterritorium de staten Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, en Wisconsin en het oostelijke deel van Minnesota. (nl) O Território do Noroeste, também conhecido como Velho Noroeste e como Território do Noroeste do Ohio, foi um território dos Estados Unidos, anexado por último do Reino Unido, como parte do acordo que terminava a Revolução Americana de 1776, vencida pelos americanos. O território foi oficialmente criado no Congresso Americano em 13 de julho de 1787 e deixou de existir em 1 de março de 1803. Cobria originalmente os atuais estados de Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan e Wisconsin, bem como o leste do Minnesota. A região possuía mais de 260 mil quilômetros quadrados. O território foi reivindicado por Nova Iorque, Massachusetts, Connecticut e Virgínia. Sua primeira capital foi Marietta (1788-1799), e a segunda foi Chillicothe (1799–1803), ambas em Ohio. (pt) Старый Северо-Запад, известный также как Северо-западная территория, — исторический регион США, составляющий большую часть современного Среднего Запада, существовавший в 1787—1803 годах до образования на его юго-восточной части штата Огайо. До войны за независимость США был частью британской индейской резервации согласно Королевской декларации 1763 года, которая была передана под контроль США по Парижскому мирному договору 1783 года. (ru)
rdfs:label Northwest Territory (en) Northwest Territory (ca) Severozápadní teritorium (cs) Nordwestterritorium (de) Territorio del Noroeste (es) Territoire du Nord-Ouest (États-Unis) (fr) Territorio del nord-ovest (it) 북서부 영토 (ko) 北西部領土 (アメリカ合衆国) (ja) Noordwestterritorium (nl) Território do Noroeste (pt) Nordvästterritoriet (sv) Старый Северо-Запад (ru) 西北領地 (zh)
rdfs:seeAlso dbr:Illinois_campaign
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is dbp:subdivisionName of dbr:Peel_watershed
is owl:differentFrom of dbr:Northwest_Territorial_Imperative
is foaf:primaryTopic of wikipedia-en:Northwest_Territory