Court of quarter sessions (original) (raw)

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四季裁判所(しきさいばんしょ、Quarter Sessions、または四季法廷)は、イングランド・ウェールズ・スコットランドで定期的に行われた刑事事件処理のための司法機関および地方行政機関である。中世以降、州・特別市で年4回開催され、イングランドで1971年、スコットランドでは1975年まで存続した。原語Quarter(=四半期)+Session(=裁判所)が示すように年4回以上行われたことから四季裁判所と日本語訳されるが、季節と特段の関係はない。

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dbo:abstract The courts of quarter sessions or quarter sessions were local courts traditionally held at four set times each year in the Kingdom of England from 1388 (extending also to Wales following the Laws in Wales Act 1535). They were also established in Scotland, Ireland and in various other dominions of the British Empire. Quarter sessions generally sat in the seat of each county and county borough, and in numerous non-county boroughs (mainly, but not exclusively, ancient boroughs), which were entitled to hold their own quarter sessions (see below), although some of the smaller boroughs lost their own quarter sessions in 1951 (see below). All quarter sessions were abolished in England and Wales in 1972, when the Courts Act 1971 replaced them and the assizes with a single permanent Crown Court. In Scotland they survived until 1975, when they were abolished and replaced by district courts and later by justice of the peace courts. The quarter sessions were named after the quarter days on which they met in England and Wales from 1388. These days were later settled as Epiphany, Easter, Midsummer, and Michaelmas sessions. (en) 四季裁判所(しきさいばんしょ、Quarter Sessions、または四季法廷)は、イングランド・ウェールズ・スコットランドで定期的に行われた刑事事件処理のための司法機関および地方行政機関である。中世以降、州・特別市で年4回開催され、イングランドで1971年、スコットランドでは1975年まで存続した。原語Quarter(=四半期)+Session(=裁判所)が示すように年4回以上行われたことから四季裁判所と日本語訳されるが、季節と特段の関係はない。 (ja) Квартальная сессия (англ. Quarter session) — период, в течение которого отправлялось правосудие в судах Англии. Наличие такого периода характерно для всех судов Англии, за исключением мировых судов. В течение этого периода, который бывает четыре раза в год, суды разбирали подлежащие их ведению дела. История квартальных сессий в Англии прослеживается с 1327 года, со времён правления Эдуарда III. Они существовали вплоть до 1971 года, когда, в соответствии с Законом о судах (en:Courts Act 1971), квартальные сессии были упразднены с передачей их полномочий Суду короны (en:Crown Court). (ru)
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rdfs:comment 四季裁判所(しきさいばんしょ、Quarter Sessions、または四季法廷)は、イングランド・ウェールズ・スコットランドで定期的に行われた刑事事件処理のための司法機関および地方行政機関である。中世以降、州・特別市で年4回開催され、イングランドで1971年、スコットランドでは1975年まで存続した。原語Quarter(=四半期)+Session(=裁判所)が示すように年4回以上行われたことから四季裁判所と日本語訳されるが、季節と特段の関係はない。 (ja) Квартальная сессия (англ. Quarter session) — период, в течение которого отправлялось правосудие в судах Англии. Наличие такого периода характерно для всех судов Англии, за исключением мировых судов. В течение этого периода, который бывает четыре раза в год, суды разбирали подлежащие их ведению дела. История квартальных сессий в Англии прослеживается с 1327 года, со времён правления Эдуарда III. Они существовали вплоть до 1971 года, когда, в соответствии с Законом о судах (en:Courts Act 1971), квартальные сессии были упразднены с передачей их полномочий Суду короны (en:Crown Court). (ru) The courts of quarter sessions or quarter sessions were local courts traditionally held at four set times each year in the Kingdom of England from 1388 (extending also to Wales following the Laws in Wales Act 1535). They were also established in Scotland, Ireland and in various other dominions of the British Empire. The quarter sessions were named after the quarter days on which they met in England and Wales from 1388. These days were later settled as Epiphany, Easter, Midsummer, and Michaelmas sessions. (en)
rdfs:label Court of quarter sessions (en) 四季裁判所 (ja) Квартальная сессия (ru)
rdfs:seeAlso dbr:Court_of_general_sessions
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