Route of administration (original) (raw)

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يقصد بمسارات وطرق إعطاء الدواء في علم الأدوية -وكذلك في علم السموم- بالمسارات والطرق التي من خلالها يُعطى الدواء أو السم إلى داخل الجسد، تختلف طرق الإعطاء بين الأدوية المختلفة بناء على خصائص الدواء كذائبيته ومدى تأينه، وكذلك تختلف لتناسب الأهداف العلاجية المرجوة كالحاجة إلى بداية سريعة للتأثير العلاجي أو الحاجة إلى إطالة مدة بقاء الدواء وتأثيره داخل الجسم أو لحصر العلاج في منطقة محددة.

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dbo:abstract La via d'administració d'un medicament és el camí pel qual s'incorpora un fàrmac a l'organisme i es fa arribar fins al seu punt final de destí o . Cada medicament està preparat per ser administrat per una via d'administració determinada i perquè exerceixi la seva acció de la manera més convenient. Per a cada via d'administració hi ha formes farmacèutiques diferents. Per exemple, per via oral poden ser càpsules, comprimits, comprimits recoberts, comprimits efervescents, masticables, suspensions, solucions, xarops, elixirs, etc. que tenen, cadascun d'ells, una farmacocinètica adequada a l'acció que es desitja aconseguir. A la vegada, les propietats farmacocinètiques d'una droga (és a dir, els relacionats amb els processos de captació, distribució i eliminació) són molt influenciades per la via d'administració. (ca) يقصد بمسارات وطرق إعطاء الدواء في علم الأدوية -وكذلك في علم السموم- بالمسارات والطرق التي من خلالها يُعطى الدواء أو السم إلى داخل الجسد، تختلف طرق الإعطاء بين الأدوية المختلفة بناء على خصائص الدواء كذائبيته ومدى تأينه، وكذلك تختلف لتناسب الأهداف العلاجية المرجوة كالحاجة إلى بداية سريعة للتأثير العلاجي أو الحاجة إلى إطالة مدة بقاء الدواء وتأثيره داخل الجسم أو لحصر العلاج في منطقة محددة. (ar) Als Applikationsform (von Applikation, „Anwendung“, „Verabreichung“ von Arzneimitteln, von lateinisch applicare, „zusammenfügen“) oder Verabreichungsform wird die Art und Weise bezeichnet, wie ein Arzneimittel verabreicht wird. Entsprechend der Applikationsform muss die Arzneiform gewählt werden, also die Art, wie das Medikament zubereitet wird (z. B. Tablette, Suppositorium). (de) Se entiende por vía de administración farmacológica al camino que se elige para hacer llegar un fármaco hasta su punto final de destino: la diana celular. Dicho de otra forma, es la manera elegida de incorporar un fármaco al organismo.​ Asimismo algunas de estas vías se usan también para evitar la deshidratación y soporte nutricional de pacientes.​ (es) En médecine et pharmacologie, les voies d'administration désignent l'ensemble des moyens d'administration d'un médicament ou, plus généralement, d'une substance chimique. Les voies d'administration sont essentiellement fonction de la forme galénique du médicament, et sont typiquement divisées en trois grandes catégories. (fr) A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is. Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract), or (systemic action, but delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery. (en) Rute pemberian dalam farmakologi dan toksikologi adalah jalur suatu obat, cairan, racun, atau zat lain dimasukkan ke dalam tubuh. Rute pemberian umumnya dikelompokkan berdasarkan lokasi pemberian zat tersebut. Contoh yang umum misalnya dan intravena. Rute juga dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan lokasi yang menjadi target aksi zat tersebut. Aksi suatu zat dapat berupa (lokal), (efek sistemik secara luas, tetapi dikirim melalui saluran pencernaan), atau parenteral (aksi sistemik, tetapi dikirim melalui rute selain saluran pencernaan). Cara pemberian dan merupakan aspek . (in) La somministrazione è quel processo per cui uno xenobiotico raggiunge il a cui esso è destinato. In base alla via di somministrazione lo xenobiotico può avere un effetto topico (o locale) oppure un effetto sistemico. La somministrazione con effetto topico consiste nell'applicazione dello xenobiotico sulla parte interessata o comunque in prossimità dell'obiettivo della terapia (se lo xenobiotico è un farmaco). La molecola non entra nel sistema circolatorio, ma esplica la sua azione solo a livello locale. La somministrazione con effetto sistemico prevede invece che lo xenobiotico entri nel torrente circolatorio e sia poi distribuito nel sito d'azione che può essere anche molto distante dal sito di applicazione. Le principali vie con effetto sistemico sono le vie enterali e le vie parenterali. (it) 投与経路(とうよけいろ)とは薬理学や毒性学において薬物、毒物その他の化合物を体内に送り込むための方法と経路を指す。与えられた物質は、体内に導入された場所からその機能が発現する特定の部位へと輸送されなければならない(このことは、たとえ角質層を通した皮膚内部への単なる浸潤だったとしても言えることである)。しかしながら生体の輸送機構を用いて薬物を輸送することはそれほど単純なことではない。吸収、分布、代謝、排泄 (ADME) のプロセスに関連する薬物の薬物動態学的性質は投与経路に大きく影響をうける。 (ja) In de farmacie en toxicologie is de toedieningsweg de route waarop een geneesmiddel, vloeistof, vergif of een ander middel in contact wordt gebracht met een bepaald deel van een lichaam. Het gaat bij geneesmiddelen om een gewenste toediening, bij vergif juist niet. Door de farmacodynamiek is de keuze van de toediening belangrijk voor de uiteindelijke werking van het middel. De toediening kan grofweg worden ingedeeld in drie groepen: enteraal, parenteraal en topisch. Enteraal betekent dat de toediening via het maag-darmstelsel plaatsvindt, parenteraal dat de toediening door een injectie of infuus plaatsvindt en topisch dat de toediening op een bepaalde plaats plaatsvindt. Dezelfde geneesmiddelen kunnen verschillende uitwerkingen hebben door gebruik te maken van een andere toedieningsvorm. Enterale toediening is over het algemeen het gemakkelijkst voor de patiënt, omdat geen injecties of andere steriele methodes nodig zijn. Sommige geneesmiddelen kunnen echter door het maag-darmstelsel geen, verkeerde of onvoorspelbare effecten hebben en daarom niet enteraal worden ingenomen. Een comfortabel alternatief is de transdermale toediening, maar er zijn slechts enkele geneesmiddelen geschikt voor deze wijze. Geneesmiddelen worden in noodsituaties, in spoedeisende geneeskunde en op de intensieve zorg meestal intraveneus, dus door middel van een injectie toegediend. (nl) Способ введения (путь заражения) — в фармакологии, токсикологии и медицине — путь введения лекарственного средства, жидкости, отравляющего вещества, инфекционного агента или другого вещества в организм. (ru) Via de administração refere-se à aplicação e transporte de um fármaco ao local de ação. (pt) Administreringsväg är inom farmakologi det sätt på vilket ett läkemedel tillförs kroppen. (sv) Шлях введення лікарських засобів у фармакології — це шлях, яким ліки, рідина, отрута або інша речовина потрапляють в організм. Процеси проникнення в організм, циркуляції та виведення з нього ліків у фармакології досліджує фармакокінетика. Різноманітність шляхів введення лікарських препаратів всередину організму, зумовлює необхідність вибору ефективного та безпечного шляху введення, що визначає швидкість, силу і тривалість фармакологічного ефекту. (uk) 给药途径(Route of administration),又称用药途径,在药理学和毒理学上指药物、液體、毒物、或其他物質吸收到體內的途径。 (zh)
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rdfs:comment يقصد بمسارات وطرق إعطاء الدواء في علم الأدوية -وكذلك في علم السموم- بالمسارات والطرق التي من خلالها يُعطى الدواء أو السم إلى داخل الجسد، تختلف طرق الإعطاء بين الأدوية المختلفة بناء على خصائص الدواء كذائبيته ومدى تأينه، وكذلك تختلف لتناسب الأهداف العلاجية المرجوة كالحاجة إلى بداية سريعة للتأثير العلاجي أو الحاجة إلى إطالة مدة بقاء الدواء وتأثيره داخل الجسم أو لحصر العلاج في منطقة محددة. (ar) Als Applikationsform (von Applikation, „Anwendung“, „Verabreichung“ von Arzneimitteln, von lateinisch applicare, „zusammenfügen“) oder Verabreichungsform wird die Art und Weise bezeichnet, wie ein Arzneimittel verabreicht wird. Entsprechend der Applikationsform muss die Arzneiform gewählt werden, also die Art, wie das Medikament zubereitet wird (z. B. Tablette, Suppositorium). (de) Se entiende por vía de administración farmacológica al camino que se elige para hacer llegar un fármaco hasta su punto final de destino: la diana celular. Dicho de otra forma, es la manera elegida de incorporar un fármaco al organismo.​ Asimismo algunas de estas vías se usan también para evitar la deshidratación y soporte nutricional de pacientes.​ (es) En médecine et pharmacologie, les voies d'administration désignent l'ensemble des moyens d'administration d'un médicament ou, plus généralement, d'une substance chimique. Les voies d'administration sont essentiellement fonction de la forme galénique du médicament, et sont typiquement divisées en trois grandes catégories. (fr) A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is. Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract), or (systemic action, but delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery. (en) Rute pemberian dalam farmakologi dan toksikologi adalah jalur suatu obat, cairan, racun, atau zat lain dimasukkan ke dalam tubuh. Rute pemberian umumnya dikelompokkan berdasarkan lokasi pemberian zat tersebut. Contoh yang umum misalnya dan intravena. Rute juga dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan lokasi yang menjadi target aksi zat tersebut. Aksi suatu zat dapat berupa (lokal), (efek sistemik secara luas, tetapi dikirim melalui saluran pencernaan), atau parenteral (aksi sistemik, tetapi dikirim melalui rute selain saluran pencernaan). Cara pemberian dan merupakan aspek . (in) 投与経路(とうよけいろ)とは薬理学や毒性学において薬物、毒物その他の化合物を体内に送り込むための方法と経路を指す。与えられた物質は、体内に導入された場所からその機能が発現する特定の部位へと輸送されなければならない(このことは、たとえ角質層を通した皮膚内部への単なる浸潤だったとしても言えることである)。しかしながら生体の輸送機構を用いて薬物を輸送することはそれほど単純なことではない。吸収、分布、代謝、排泄 (ADME) のプロセスに関連する薬物の薬物動態学的性質は投与経路に大きく影響をうける。 (ja) Способ введения (путь заражения) — в фармакологии, токсикологии и медицине — путь введения лекарственного средства, жидкости, отравляющего вещества, инфекционного агента или другого вещества в организм. (ru) Via de administração refere-se à aplicação e transporte de um fármaco ao local de ação. (pt) Administreringsväg är inom farmakologi det sätt på vilket ett läkemedel tillförs kroppen. (sv) Шлях введення лікарських засобів у фармакології — це шлях, яким ліки, рідина, отрута або інша речовина потрапляють в організм. Процеси проникнення в організм, циркуляції та виведення з нього ліків у фармакології досліджує фармакокінетика. Різноманітність шляхів введення лікарських препаратів всередину організму, зумовлює необхідність вибору ефективного та безпечного шляху введення, що визначає швидкість, силу і тривалість фармакологічного ефекту. (uk) 给药途径(Route of administration),又称用药途径,在药理学和毒理学上指药物、液體、毒物、或其他物質吸收到體內的途径。 (zh) La via d'administració d'un medicament és el camí pel qual s'incorpora un fàrmac a l'organisme i es fa arribar fins al seu punt final de destí o . Cada medicament està preparat per ser administrat per una via d'administració determinada i perquè exerceixi la seva acció de la manera més convenient. Per a cada via d'administració hi ha formes farmacèutiques diferents. Per exemple, per via oral poden ser càpsules, comprimits, comprimits recoberts, comprimits efervescents, masticables, suspensions, solucions, xarops, elixirs, etc. que tenen, cadascun d'ells, una farmacocinètica adequada a l'acció que es desitja aconseguir. A la vegada, les propietats farmacocinètiques d'una droga (és a dir, els relacionats amb els processos de captació, distribució i eliminació) són molt influenciades per la v (ca) La somministrazione è quel processo per cui uno xenobiotico raggiunge il a cui esso è destinato. In base alla via di somministrazione lo xenobiotico può avere un effetto topico (o locale) oppure un effetto sistemico. La somministrazione con effetto topico consiste nell'applicazione dello xenobiotico sulla parte interessata o comunque in prossimità dell'obiettivo della terapia (se lo xenobiotico è un farmaco). La molecola non entra nel sistema circolatorio, ma esplica la sua azione solo a livello locale. Le principali vie con effetto sistemico sono le vie enterali e le vie parenterali. (it) In de farmacie en toxicologie is de toedieningsweg de route waarop een geneesmiddel, vloeistof, vergif of een ander middel in contact wordt gebracht met een bepaald deel van een lichaam. Het gaat bij geneesmiddelen om een gewenste toediening, bij vergif juist niet. Door de farmacodynamiek is de keuze van de toediening belangrijk voor de uiteindelijke werking van het middel. (nl)
rdfs:label طرق إعطاء الدواء (ar) Via d'administració (ca) Applikationsform (de) Vías de administración de fármacos (es) Rute pemberian (in) Somministrazione (farmacologia) (it) Voie d'administration (fr) 投与経路 (ja) Toediening (nl) Route of administration (en) Via de administração (pt) Administreringsväg (sv) Способ введения (ru) 给药途径 (zh) Шляхи введення лікарських засобів (uk)
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