| dbo:abstract |
Las tropas de color de los Estados Unidos (USCT por sus siglas en inglés) eran regimientos en el ejército de los Estados Unidos compuestos principalmente por soldados afroestadounidenses. Otros hombres "de color" que no eran de origen africano, como los procedentes de las islas del Pacífico, los asiáticos y los aborígenes estadounidenses también formaron parte de los regimientos de USCT. Fueron reclutados por primera vez durante la guerra civil estadounidense, y hacia el final de la guerra en abril de 1865, los 175 regimientos del USCT constituían aproximadamente una décima parte de la mano de obra del Ejército de la Unión. Más de 180.000 hombres sirvieron en el USCT que fue el precursor de los regimientos de soldados búfalo del viejo Oeste de los Estados Unidos. (es) Formés pour la première fois pendant la guerre de Sécession, les United States Colored Troops (U.S.C.T.) sont des régiments de l'Union Army composés d'Afro-Américains : Noirs libres, ou affranchis, ou esclaves (ayant fui leurs maître ou libérés par les Unionistes) qui pensaient que la conscription était la voie vers l'émancipation et l'intégration sociale. Après 1863, les U.S.C.T. se développeront considérablement et réuniront début 1865 (avant la fin de la guerre) jusqu'à 180 000 hommes (près de 10 % des troupes de l'Union). Les U.S.C.T. ont perdu pendant la guerre 70 929 hommes : 2 751 tués au combat ou morts ultérieurement de leurs blessures et 68 178 morts d'autres causes (essentiellement de maladie). (fr) Le United States Colored Troops (USCT) furono in assoluto i primi reggimenti operativi all'interno dell'Union Army composti in larga parte da soldati afroamericani (colored), sebbene anche diversi membri di altri gruppi appartenenti a varie minoranze etniche ebbero a servire in tali unità militari terrestri. Furono reclutati per la prima volta durante la guerra di secessione americana e, al termine del conflitto, entro l'aprile del 1865 i 175 reggimenti regolari USCT giunsero a costituire circa 1/10 dell'intera manodopera, soprattutto nell'United States Army ma non solo (vi saranno difatti arruolati anche nelle unità militari navali). Oltre il 20% dei soldati USCT venne dichiarato morto in combattimento, con un tasso di circa il 35% superiore a quello delle truppe composte da bianchi americani. Nonostante le pesanti perdite molti combatterono con coraggio riuscendo a farsi distinguere, con 15 USCT che alla fine ricevettero la Medal of Honor e numerose altre onorificenze. L'USCT sarà il precursore dei reggimenti dei Buffalo Soldier impiegati nel West. Nella loro qualità di primi afroamericani in servizio armato effettivo rappresentano una parte integrante della in generale e della in particolare. (it) The United States Colored Troops (USCT) were regiments in the United States Army composed primarily of African-American (colored) soldiers, although members of other minority groups also served within the units. They were first recruited during the American Civil War, and by the end of the war in 1865, the 175 USCT regiments constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the Union Army. About 20% of USCT soldiers died, a rate about 35% higher than that of white Union troops. Many USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor and numerous others receiving other honors. The USCT regiments were precursors to the Buffalo Soldier regiments in the American Old West. (en) アメリカ合衆国有色軍(英語:United States Colored Troops, USCT) は、兵員として主にアフリカ系アメリカ人を用いて編成されたアメリカ陸軍の連隊群である。ただし他にも太平洋諸島の有色人種やアジア系アメリカ人、インディアンなどもUSCT連隊に編入されて戦った。初めは南北戦争中に募兵され、1865年4月の同戦争終結時には175個連隊が存在して北軍兵力の約一割を占めた。後にはアメリカ西部でインディアン戦争に従軍しバッファロー・ソルジャーと呼ばれた。これはインディアンが彼らの髪をバイソン属の体毛に見立てた呼称である。 (ja) As United States Colored Troops (USCT; em português: Tropas Coloridas dos Estados Unidos) foram regimentos do Exército dos Estados Unidos, formados durante a Guerra Civil Americana e que eram compostas por soldados afro-americanos (pessoas "de cor", denominadas "coloridas" na época). Os primeiros recrutamentos deram-se em 1863 e duraram até ao final da Guerra Civil. Os soldados dos 175 regimentos das USCT chegaram a representar dez por cento do Exército da União. Os homens da USCT foram os precursores dos Buffalo Soldiers, que combateram nas guerras indígenas do século XIX e receberam a sua alcunha no Oeste Americano. (pt) |
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0001-11-17 (xsd:gMonthDay) USCT Graves near Piqua Ohio (en) USCT recruiting poster (en) Sgt. William Harvey Carney Medal of Honor recipient (en) Marker dedicated to the 26th Regiment of U.S. Colored Infantry in Ithaca, New York (en) |
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[We] find, according to the revised official data, that of the slightly over two millions troops in the United States Volunteers, over 316,000 died , or 15.2%. Of the 67,000 Regular Army troops, 8.6%, or not quite 6,000, died. Of the approximately 180,000 United States Colored Troops, however, over 36,000 died, or 20.5%. In other words, the mortality rate amongst the United States Colored Troops in the Civil War was thirty-five percent greater than that among other troops, notwithstanding the fact that the former were not enrolled until some eighteen months after the fighting began. (en) |
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Las tropas de color de los Estados Unidos (USCT por sus siglas en inglés) eran regimientos en el ejército de los Estados Unidos compuestos principalmente por soldados afroestadounidenses. Otros hombres "de color" que no eran de origen africano, como los procedentes de las islas del Pacífico, los asiáticos y los aborígenes estadounidenses también formaron parte de los regimientos de USCT. Fueron reclutados por primera vez durante la guerra civil estadounidense, y hacia el final de la guerra en abril de 1865, los 175 regimientos del USCT constituían aproximadamente una décima parte de la mano de obra del Ejército de la Unión. Más de 180.000 hombres sirvieron en el USCT que fue el precursor de los regimientos de soldados búfalo del viejo Oeste de los Estados Unidos. (es) アメリカ合衆国有色軍(英語:United States Colored Troops, USCT) は、兵員として主にアフリカ系アメリカ人を用いて編成されたアメリカ陸軍の連隊群である。ただし他にも太平洋諸島の有色人種やアジア系アメリカ人、インディアンなどもUSCT連隊に編入されて戦った。初めは南北戦争中に募兵され、1865年4月の同戦争終結時には175個連隊が存在して北軍兵力の約一割を占めた。後にはアメリカ西部でインディアン戦争に従軍しバッファロー・ソルジャーと呼ばれた。これはインディアンが彼らの髪をバイソン属の体毛に見立てた呼称である。 (ja) Formés pour la première fois pendant la guerre de Sécession, les United States Colored Troops (U.S.C.T.) sont des régiments de l'Union Army composés d'Afro-Américains : Noirs libres, ou affranchis, ou esclaves (ayant fui leurs maître ou libérés par les Unionistes) qui pensaient que la conscription était la voie vers l'émancipation et l'intégration sociale. Après 1863, les U.S.C.T. se développeront considérablement et réuniront début 1865 (avant la fin de la guerre) jusqu'à 180 000 hommes (près de 10 % des troupes de l'Union). (fr) The United States Colored Troops (USCT) were regiments in the United States Army composed primarily of African-American (colored) soldiers, although members of other minority groups also served within the units. They were first recruited during the American Civil War, and by the end of the war in 1865, the 175 USCT regiments constituted about one-tenth of the manpower of the Union Army. About 20% of USCT soldiers died, a rate about 35% higher than that of white Union troops. Many USCT soldiers fought with distinction, with 16 receiving the Medal of Honor and numerous others receiving other honors. (en) Le United States Colored Troops (USCT) furono in assoluto i primi reggimenti operativi all'interno dell'Union Army composti in larga parte da soldati afroamericani (colored), sebbene anche diversi membri di altri gruppi appartenenti a varie minoranze etniche ebbero a servire in tali unità militari terrestri. L'USCT sarà il precursore dei reggimenti dei Buffalo Soldier impiegati nel West. Nella loro qualità di primi afroamericani in servizio armato effettivo rappresentano una parte integrante della in generale e della in particolare. (it) As United States Colored Troops (USCT; em português: Tropas Coloridas dos Estados Unidos) foram regimentos do Exército dos Estados Unidos, formados durante a Guerra Civil Americana e que eram compostas por soldados afro-americanos (pessoas "de cor", denominadas "coloridas" na época). Os primeiros recrutamentos deram-se em 1863 e duraram até ao final da Guerra Civil. Os soldados dos 175 regimentos das USCT chegaram a representar dez por cento do Exército da União. (pt) |
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wikipedia-en:United_States_Colored_Troops |
