Arsenopyrite (original) (raw)

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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About ArsenopyriteHide

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Colour:

Silver-white to steel-gray, may have a slight yellow appearance

Lustre:

Metallic, Sub-Metallic

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Name:

Named in 1847 by Ernst Friedrich Glocker for its composition, a contraction of the antiquated term "arsenical pyrite." Arsenopyrite was known much before 1847 and arsenopyrite, as a name, may be taken as a simple translation of "arsenkies".

Arsenopyrite Group.

Arsenopyrite is closely related to alloclasite, but is not an exact analogue, because of different As-S and S-As ordering.

Arsenopyrite may contain up to about 9 wt% Co; with higher Co contents, glaucodot will appear as a separate phase (Gammon, 1966).

May be confused with the iron arsenide löllingite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

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Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:305:8

cb7720ec-136f-4155-8922-8ed3ab0dd59f

IMA Classification of ArsenopyriteHide

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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of ArsenopyriteHide

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2.EB.20

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.

2.12.4.1

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2

3.9.12

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
9 : Sulphides etc. of Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol Source Reference
Apy IMA–CNMNC Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Apy Kretz (1983) Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
Apy Siivolam & Schmid (2007) Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
Apy Whitney & Evans (2010) Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
Apy The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of ArsenopyriteHide

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Colour:

Silver-white to steel-gray, may have a slight yellow appearance

Comment:

Tarnished material common

Hardness:

VHN100=1081 kg/mm2 - Vickers

Comment:

VHN on (001) section

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
Distinct on {001}; {010} in traces

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven

Density:

6.07(15) g/cm3 (Measured) 6.18 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of ArsenopyriteHide

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Anisotropism:

Strong red-violet

Reflectivity:

Wavelength R1 R2
400nm 50.3% 51.8%
420nm 50.3% 51.8%
440nm 51.3% 51.8%
460nm 50.6% 51.8%
480nm 51.0% 51.9%
500nm 51.4% 51.9%
520nm 51.8% 51.9%
540nm 52.2% 51.9%
560nm 52.5% 51.9%
580nm 53.0% 51.8%
600nm 53.4% 51.6%
620nm 53.6% 51.5%
640nm 53.6% 51.3%
660nm 53.6% 51.3%
680nm 53.4% 51.2%
700nm 53.2% 51.0%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 53.6%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red

Colour in reflected light:

White with faint yellow tint

Comments:

White or bluish tint, faint reddish yellow

Chemistry of ArsenopyriteHide

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Common Impurities:

Ag,Au,Co,Sn,Ni,Sb,Bi,Cu,Pb

Crystallography of ArsenopyriteHide

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Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Cell Parameters:

a = 5.7612(8) Å, b = 5.6841(7) Å, c = 5.7674(8) Å
β = 111.721(8)°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 1.014 : 1 : 1.015

Morphology:

Flat tabular to blocky (sometimes pseudo-octahedral) to prismatic.

Twinning:

Common on {100} and {001}. Contact or penetration on {101}, on {012} trillings or cruciform.

Comment:

Cell parameters from Bindi et al. (2012), using stoichiometric crystals. Pseudo-orthorhombic, face-centred cell: ~5.7, ~6.4, ~9.6 A.

Crystallographic forms of ArsenopyriteHide

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Crystal Atlas:

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Crystal StructureHide

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ID Species Reference Link Year Locality Pressure (GPa) Temp (K)
0000112 Arsenopyrite Morimoto N, Clark L A (1961) Arsenopyrite crystal-chemical relations From Freiberg, Germany American Mineralogist 46 1448-1469 1961 0 293
0019195 Arsenopyrite Bindi L, Moelo Y, Leone P, Suchaud M (2012) Stoichiometric arsenopyrite, FeAsS, from La Roche-Balue Quarry, Loire-Atlantique, France: Crystal structure and Mossbauer study The Canadian Mineralogist 50 471-479 2012 La Roche-Balue Quarry, Loire-Atlantique, France 0 293
0016964 Arsenopyrite Buerger M (1936) The symmetry and crystal structure of the minerals of the arsenopyrite group Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 95 83-113 1936 St Peter mine, Spindelmuhle, Bohemia 0 293
0010966 Arsenopyrite Fuess H, Kratz T, Topel-Schadt J, Miehe G (1987) Crystal structure refinement and electron microscopy of arsenopyrite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 179 335-346 1987 Hakansboda, Sweden 0 293
0010967 Arsenopyrite Fuess H, Kratz T, Topel-Schadt J, Miehe G (1987) Crystal structure refinement and electron microscopy of arsenopyrite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 179 335-346 1987 Hakansboda, Sweden 0 293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα

Data Set:

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing Intensity
3.658 Å (40)
2.866 Å (5)
2.838 Å (30)
2.796 Å (10)
2.677 Å (100)
2.662 Å (100)
2.557 Å (10)
2.440 Å (90)
2.418 Å (95)
2.412 Å (95)
2.204 Å (25)
2.095 Å (20)
2.017 Å (5)
1.961 Å (50)
1.943 Å (25)
1.824 Å (70)
1.814 Å (90)
1.787 Å (5)
1.759 Å (20)
1.750 Å (5)
1.703 Å (5)
1.631 Å (30)
1.608 Å (25)
1.594 Å (15)
1.589 Å (20)
1.543 Å (20)
1.537 Å (20)
1.390 Å (5)
1.343 Å (15)

Comments:

ICDD 14-218 (Freiberg, Germany)

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Geological Setting:

High-temperature gold-quartz or tin hydrothermal veins, pegmatites, contact metamorphic rocks, gneisses, schists.

Synonyms of ArsenopyriteHide

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Other Language Names for ArsenopyriteHide

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Varieties of ArsenopyriteHide

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Argentiferous Mispickel Name for a silver-bearing arsenopyrite.
Danaite A Co-bearing variety of arsenopyrite.Originally described from Franconia, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA.

Relationship of Arsenopyrite to other SpeciesHide

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Other Members of this group:

Common AssociatesHide

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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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2.EB. Iridarsenite (Ir,Ru)As2 Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
2.EB. Selenolaurite RuSe2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB. Andrieslombaardite RhSbS Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB. Kanatzidisite (SbBiS3)2Te2 Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m
2.EB.05a Aurostibite AuSb2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05b Bambollaite Cu(Se,Te)2 Tet.
2.EB.05a Cattierite CoS2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Erlichmanite OsS2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Fukuchilite Cu3FeS8 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Geversite PtSb2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Hauerite MnS2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Insizwaite Pt(Bi,Sb)2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Krut'aite CuSe2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Laurite RuS2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Penroseite (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Pyrite FeS2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Sperrylite PtAs2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Trogtalite CoSe2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Vaesite NiS2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Villamanínite (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 Tric.
2.EB.05a Dzharkenite FeSe2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a Gaotaiite Ir3Te8 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.05a v Cayeuxite
2.EB.10b Alloclasite Co1-xFexAsS Mon. 2 : _P_21
2.EB.10d Costibite CoSbS Orth. m _m_2 : P m _n_21
2.EB.10a Ferroselite FeSe2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.10a Frohbergite FeTe2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.10c Glaucodot (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS Orth. m _m_2 : P m _n_21
2.EB.10a Kullerudite NiSe2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.10a Marcasite FeS2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.10a Mattagamite CoTe2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.10e Paracostibite CoSbS Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
2.EB.10e Pararammelsbergite NiAs2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
2.EB.10f Oenite CoSbAs Orth.
2.EB.10a Petříčekite CuSe2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.15a Anduoite (Ru,Os)As2 Orth.
2.EB.15a Clinosafflorite CoAs2 Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m
2.EB.15a Löllingite FeAs2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.15a Nisbite NiSb2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.15a Omeiite (Os,Ru)As2 Orth.
2.EB.15c Paxite CuAs2 Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
2.EB.15a Rammelsbergite NiAs2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.15a Safflorite (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m
2.EB.15b Seinäjokite FeSb2 Orth.
2.EB.20 Gudmundite FeSbS Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
2.EB.20 Osarsite (Os,Ru)AsS Mon.
2.EB.20 Ruarsite (Ru,Os)AsS Mon.
2.EB.25 va Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25 Cobaltite CoAsS Orth. m _m_2 : P c _a_21
2.EB.25 Gersdorffite NiAsS Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Hollingworthite (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Irarsite (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Jolliffeite NiAsSe Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Krutovite NiAs2 Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB.25 Maslovite PtBiTe Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB.25 Michenerite PdBiTe Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB.25 Padmaite PdBiSe Iso. 432
2.EB.25 Platarsite Pt(As,S)2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Testibiopalladite PdSbTe Iso.
2.EB.25 Tolovkite IrSbS Iso.
2.EB.25 Ullmannite NiSbS Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB.25 Willyamite CoSbS
2.EB.25 Changchengite IrBiS Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB.25 Mayingite IrBiTe Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Kalungaite PdAsSe Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Milotaite PdSbSe Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB.25 Paragersdorffite Ni(As,S)2 Iso. m_3(2/m_3) : P _a_3
2.EB.25 Orthogersdorffite NiAsS Orth. m _m_2 : P c _a_21
2.EB.25 Kvačekite NiSbSe Iso. 23 : _P_213
2.EB.30 Urvantsevite Pd(Bi,Pb)2 Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _I_4/m m m
2.EB.35 Rheniite ReS2 Tric. 1 : _P_1

Fluorescence of ArsenopyriteHide

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Other InformationHide

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Notes:

Decomposed by nitric acid with separation of arsenous acid and sulphur.

In a closed tube, at first gives a red sublimate of arsenic sulfide, then a black lustrous sublimate of metallic arsenic. In an open tube, gives sulphurous fumes and a white sublimate of arsenous acid.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Arsenopyrite in petrologyHide

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An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

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References for ArsenopyriteHide

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Reference List:

Brostigen, G., Kjekshus, A., Rømming, Chr., Gronowitz, Salo, Koskikallio, Jouko, Swahn, Carl-Gunnar (1973) Compounds with the Marcasite Type Crystal Structure. VIII. Redetermination of the Prototype. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 27. 2791-2796 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.27-2791

Schaufuss, A.G., Nesbitt, H.W., Scaini, M.J., Hoechst, H., Bancroft, M.G., Szargan, R. (2000) Reactivity of surface sites on fractured arsenopyrite (FeAsS) toward oxygen. American Mineralogist: 85: 1754-1766.

Bindi, L., Moëlo, Y., Léone, P., Suchaud, M. (2012) Stoichiometric arsenopyrite, FeAsS, from La Roche-Balue Quarry, Loire-Atlantique, France: Crystal structure and Mössbauer study. The Canadian Mineralogist: 50: 471-479.

Significant localities for ArsenopyriteHide

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Showing 26 significant localities out of 10,941 recorded on mindat.org.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Bolivia
Cochabamba Ayopaya Province ⓘ Kami Mine Collections of Alfredo Petrov and Dr. ...
Canada
British Columbia Slocan Mining Division Riondel ⓘ Bluebell Mine Grice et al. (1977) +1 other reference
Ontario Hastings County Marmora Township ⓘ Ackerman mine Sabina (1965) +1 other reference
China
Hunan Chenzhou Yizhang Co. Yaogangxian W-Sn ore field ⓘ Yaogangxian Mine Keqin Xu (1957) +8 other references
Czech Republic
Ústí nad Labem Region Chomutov District Vejprty ⓘ Jedová jáma (Drei König Zeche) Roman Gramblicka collection
Ecuador
El Oro Province Santa Rosa Canton Birón ⓘ Tocadulomo mine Collected by Alejandro Felix Gutierrez (2013)
France
Brittany Côtes-d'Armor Guingamp Belle-Isle-en-Terre Coat an Noz ⓘ Toul al Lutun Pierrot et al. (1975)
Ireland
Munster Cork County Sheeps Head Peninsula ⓘ Rooska Mine Barry Flannery Collection
Italy
Tuscany Lucca Province Stazzema Mulina Calcaferro ⓘ Canale della Radice mines Biagioni (2009)
Japan
Oita Prefecture Bungo-Ono City ⓘ Obira Mine Sadanaga et al. (1974) +1 other reference
Kosovo
Mitrovica District Mitrovica Trepča complex ⓘ Trepča Stari Trg Mine Joana Koà Odziejczyk et al. ( 2012) +4 other references
Norway
Vestfold Larvik Tvedalen Tuften ⓘ A/S Granit Quarry Nordrum (2007)
Peru
Ancash Bolognesi Province Huallanca District Huanzala ⓘ Huanzala Mine Imai et al. (1985) +1 other reference
Recuay Province Ticapampa District ⓘ Hercules Mine - (1997)
Huancavelica Angaraes Province ⓘ Julcani District Crowley et al. (1997)
Portugal
ⓘ Panasqueira Mines 335-354 +11 other references
Russia
Primorsky Krai Dalnegorsk Urban District Dalnegorsk ⓘ Nikolaevskiy Mine Dobovol'skaya et al. (1990) +3 other references
Spain
Asturias Belmonte de Miranda ⓘ El Valle-Boinás Mine Mesa et al. (2002) +2 other references
Extremadura Cáceres Almoharín ⓘ La Parrilla Mine (Adelaida open pit mine) Calvo (2003)
La Rioja ⓘ Aguilar del Río Alhama
USA
Connecticut Fairfield County Monroe ⓘ New England Materials quarry Mike Polletta and Jeremy Zolan field ...
Litchfield County Roxbury Mine Hill (Ore Hill) ⓘ Roxbury Iron Mine (Shepaug Iron Company Mine; Shepaug Spathic Iron and Steel Company Mine) Schairer (1931) +2 other references
Woodbury Orenaug Hills ⓘ O & G Southbury Quarry (Silliman Quarry; O & G No. 2 Quarry) Identified by Jeremy Zolan
New Haven County Seymour ⓘ Silver mine Moritz (n.d.)
Maine Kennebec County Winslow ⓘ Winslow Tin mine
New York Putnam County Town of Kent Pine Pond ⓘ Putnam County Mining Corp. Mine New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)