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意味・対訳 (角の)鋭い、先のとがった、鋭角の、激しい、急性の、鋭い、重大な、深刻な、鋭アクセント のついた、鋭音の

音節a・cute 発音記号・読み方

/əkjúːt(米国英語), ʌˈkju:t(英国英語)/

フリガナアキュート

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ACUTE

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痛切, 鋭い, 尖い, 深刻, 切, 鋭形, 先鋭, 尖鋭, 鋭利, 急性, 穎敏, 鋭敏, 切実, 鋭頭, 揚音, 鋭アクセント

acute

acute

Acute (medicine)

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acute

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/12/05 03:23 UTC 版)

語源

From Late 中期英語 acute (“of a disease or fever: starting suddenly and lasting for a short time; of a humour: irritating, sharp”), from Latin acūta, from acūtus (“sharp, sharpened”), perfect passive participle of acuō (“to make pointed, sharpen, whet”), from acus (“needle, pin”). The word is cognate to ague (“acute, intermittent fever”).

As regards the noun, which is derived from the verb, compare 中期英語 acūte (“severe but short-lived fever; of blood: corrosiveness, sharpness; musical note of high pitch”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /əˈkjuːt/
• (General American) enPR: ə-kyo͞ot′, IPA: /əˈkjut/
• 韻: -uːt

形容詞

acute (comparative acuter or more acute, superlative acutest or most acute)

1. Brief, quick, short.
   Synonyms: fast, rapid
   Antonyms: leisurely, slow
   • 2013 July-August, Philip J. Bushnell, “Solvents, Ethanol, Car Crashes & Tolerance: How Risky is Inhalation of Organic Solvents?”, in American Scientist‎, Research Triangle Park, N.C.: Sigma Xi, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 19 June 2013:
2. High or shrill.
   Antonym: grave
   • 1751, “a Lover of the Mathematicks” [pseudonym; Nathaniel Whittemore?], “Part II. New Paradoxes Solved.”, in A Mathematical Miscellany, in Four Parts., London: Printed for M. Cooper, […], →OCLC, paradox 61, stanza III, page 53:
   • 1851, William C. Larrabee, “Lecture X. Evidences of Design from the Structure and Adaptations of the External Senses.”, in B[enjamin] F[ranklin] Tefft, editor, Lectures on the Scientific Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion, Cincinnati, Oh.: Published by L. Swormstedt & J. H. Power, for the Methodist Episcopal Church, […]; R. P. Thompson, printer, →OCLC, paragraph 233, page 177:
3. Intense; sensitive; sharp.
   Synonyms: keen, powerful, strong, peracute
   Antonyms: dull, obtuse, slow, witless
   • 1912, Fyodor Dostoevsky, “Elders”, in Constance Garnett, transl., The Brothers Karamazov (Novels of Fyodor Dostoevsky; 1), London: W[illiam] Heinemann, →OCLC; republished as The Brothers Karamazov, New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, [1943], →OCLC, page 32:
   • 2013, Thomas Keneally, Shame and the Captives, North Sydney, N.S.W.: Random House Australia, →ISBN; 1st Atria Books hardcover edition, New York, N.Y.: Atria, 2015, →ISBN, page 87:
4. Urgent.
   Synonyms: emergent, pressing, sudden
5. (botany) With the sides meeting directly to form an acute angle (at an apex or base).
   Antonyms: obtuse, subacute
6. (geometry, of an angle) Less than 90 degrees.
   Antonym: obtuse
   • 1850 March 30, J[ohn] H[all] Gladstone, “On Chlorophosphuret of Nitrogen and Its Products of Decomposition”, in Henry Watts, editor, The Quarterly Journal of the Chemical Society of London, volume III, number X, London: Hippolyte Bailliere, […], published 1851, →OCLC, part I, page 138:
7. (geometry, of a triangle) Having all three interior angles measuring less than 90 degrees.
   Synonym: acute-angled
   Antonyms: obtuse, obtuse-angled
   • 1997, Joen Wolfrom, “The Fascination of Shapes”, in The Visual Dance: Creating Spectacular Quilts, Lafayette, Calif.: C&T Publishing, →ISBN; republished Lafayette, Calif.: C&T Publishing, 2009, →ISBN, page 39:
8. (linguistics, chiefly historical) Of an accent or tone: generally higher than others.
   • 1804, William Mitford, “Section IV. Of Tones or Accents, and Emphasis in English Speech, and of Their Connection with the Time or Quantity of Syllables.”, in An Inquiry into the Principles of Harmony in Language, and of the Mechanism of Verse, Modern and Antient, 2nd edition, London: Printed by Luke Hansard, […], for T[homas] Cadell and W[illiam] Davies, […], →OCLC, pages 57–58:
     Let this [the word _alalal_] be ſpoken as an Engliſh word, with the ſtrong accent on either ſyllable, or, on each, in repeating the word; and, no change of articulation diſturbing the ear, it will be abundantly evident that, with ordinary Engliſh pronunciation, the strengthened syllable has always the acuter tone, or, in muſical phraſe, the higher note.
9. (phonology, dated, of a sound) Sharp, produced in the front of the mouth. (See Grave and acute on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
   Coordinate term: grave
10. (medicine) Of an abnormal condition of recent or sudden onset, in contrast to delayed onset; this sense does not imply severity, unlike the common usage.

• 1995, G. J. Kaloyanides, “Drug-induced Acute Renal Failure”, in Rinaldo Bellomo, Claudio Ronco, editors, Acute Renal Failure in the Critically Ill (Update in Intensitve Care and Emergency Medicine; 20), Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, →DOI, →ISBN, page 204:

1. (medicine) Of a short-lived condition, in contrast to a chronic condition; this sense also does not imply severity.
   Antonym: chronic
   Coordinate terms: preacute, subacute, postacute

• 2013 May–June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News: Bat News”, in American Scientist‎, volume 101, number 3, Research Triangle Park, N.C.: Sigma Xi, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 5 June 2017, page 193:

1. (orthography, postpositive) Of a letter of the alphabet, having an acute accent.

派生語

• accent acute
• acuity
• acutance
• acutangular
• acute abdo
• acute abdomen
• acute accent
• acute angle
• acute-angled
• acute-angled triangle
• acute aortic syndrome
• acute chest syndrome
• acute cystitis
• acute flaccid myelitis
• acute kidney failure
• acute kidney injury
• acutely
• acute lymphoblastic leukemia
• acute membranous gingivitis
• acute mountain sickness
• acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
• acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
• acuteness
• acute oak decline
• acute otitis media
• acute-phase protein
• acute radiation syndrome
• acute renal failure
• acute respiratory distress syndrome
• acute retroviral syndrome
• acute sedge
• acute toxicity
• acute triangle
• acute ulcerative gingivitis
• acutish
• cute
• double acute accent
• fish acute toxicity syndrome
• gravo-acute accent
• hyperacute
• nonacute
• post-acute
• severe acute respiratory syndrome
• superacute
• unacute

名詞

acute (plural acutes)

1. (medicine, informal) A person who has the acute form of a disorder, such as schizophrenia.
   • 1990, Gerry Fewster, “Down to Business”, in Being in Child Care: A Journey into Self, Binghamton, N.Y.; London: The Haworth Press, →ISBN; republished New York, N.Y.; Hove, East Sussex: Routledge, 2012, →ISBN, page 113:
2. (linguistics, chiefly historical) An accent or tone higher than others.
   Antonym: grave
3. (orthography) An acute accent (´).
   • 1817 June, John Farey, Sen., “CI. On Mr. Listons, or the Euharmonic Scale of Musical Intervals, […]”, in Alexander Tilloch, editor, The Philosophical Magazine and Journal: […], volume XLIX, number 230, London: Printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor. […], →OCLC, page 445:
   • 1824, J[ohn] Johnson, “A Fount of Letter, as Considered by Letter Founders”, in Typographia, or The Printers’ Instructor: […], volume II, London: Published by Messrs. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green, […], →OCLC, page 34:

動詞

acute (third-person singular simple present acutes, present participle acuting, simple past and past participle acuted)

1. (transitive, phonetics) To give an acute sound to.
   • 1696, [William] Lily, W. T., “Prosodia Examin’d and Explain’d by Question and Answer”, in Lily, Improved, Corrected, and Explained; with the Etymological Part of the Common Accidence, London: Printed for R. Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 151:
   • 1762, John Foster, “On the Accent of the Old Greeks. […]”, in An Essay on the Different Nature of Accent and Quantity, with Their Use and Application in the Pronunciation of the English, Latin, and Greek Languages; […], Eton, Berkshire: Printed by J. Pote; […], →OCLC, pages 103–104:
   • 1859, John Kelly, “On the Pronunciation of the Manks Letters”, in A Practical Grammar of the Antient Gaelic, or Language of the Isle of Man, usually Called Manks. […] (Manx Society series; 2), Douglas, Isle of Man: Printed for the Manx Society, →OCLC; reprinted London: Bernard Quaritch, […], 1870, →OCLC, page 4:
2. (transitive, archaic) To make acute; to sharpen, to whet.
   • 1732, John Floyer, Edward Baynard, “[The Appendix.] The Other Cure Wrought by the Cold Bath, was upon Mrs. Taylor, a Young Gentlewoman that Boarded at My Father’s”, in ΨΥΧΡΟΛΟΥΣΙ´Α [PSYCHROLOUSIA]: Or, The History of Cold-bathing, both Ancient and Modern. In Two Parts. […], 6th edition, London: Printed for W[illiam] Innys and R. Manby, […], →OCLC, part II (Of Cold Baths), pages 476–477:
     [A]n old Farmer […] uſed, when fuddled over Night, to walk naked, or only in his Shirt, until he had cooled himſelf throughly, […] This Courſe may not be improperly call'd a Balenum Aerium, and may be of great Uſe to ſober People, as well as the Fuddlers; for running empty, after Sleep and Concoction, warms the Blood and Spirits, acutes the Circulations, fans and cools the Lungs, helps both Excretion and Secretion; […]

参照

1. ^ “acūte, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2 June 2018.
2. ^ “acute”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
3. ^ “acūte, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2 June 2018.

参照

• “acute”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “acute”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “acute”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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