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properus

発音

• (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpro.pe.rus/, [ˈprɔpɛrʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpro.pe.rus/, [ˈprɔːperus]

形容詞

properus (feminine propera, neuter properum, adverb properē); first/second-declension adjective

1. hasty, quick, speedy
   Synonyms: rapidus, vēlōx, celer, levis, prōmptus, facilis
   Antonyms: lentus, tardus, sērus

使用する際の注意点

According to Döderlein, celer and citus mean "swift, fast, quick" in terms of quick motion (in general) with tardus as their antonym. More specifically, citus refers to a lively motion, whereas celer refers to an eager or impetuous motion.

On the other hand, pernīx and vēlōx as "quick" denote a level of athletic nimbleness in terms of bodily activity, with lentus as their antonym. More specifically, pernīx involves a level of dexterity and quickness in an eclectic range of actions (such as climbing, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, etc.); whereas vēlōx is especially used for running, swimming and flying (moving in a direction)

Thirdly, properus and festīnus as "quick" refer specifically to one's speed in terms of the shortest time to reach a destination, with sēgnis as their antonym. More specifically, festīnus intimates a certain level of impatience, whereas properus simply indicates a haste from energy simply.

参照

• “properus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “properus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• properus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

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