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verbum
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/28 00:41 UTC 版)
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈwɛr.bũː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈvɛr.bum]
名詞
verbum n (genitive verbī); second declension
- word
Rēs, nōn verba. ― actions speak louder than words (literally, “things, not words”) - proverb, saying
- (grammar) verb
- (in the plural) language, discourse, expressions
- (in the plural) (mere) words, (empty) words, (figuratively) falsehoods, deceptions, lies
verba dō ― to trick, deceive (literally, “to give a **discourse**”)
派生語
- adverbium
- proverbium
- verba īnstitūtiōnis
- verbālis
- verbātim
- verbōsus
- Verbum
- verbum actīvum
- verbum auxiliāre
- verbum causātīvum
- verbum commūne
- verbum dēfectīvum
- verbum dēminūtīvum
- verbum dēnōminātīvum
- verbum dēpōnēns
- verbum dēsīderātīvum
- verbum diminūtīvum
- verbum factitīvum
- verbum frequentātīvum
- verbum imitātīvum
- verbum impersōnāle
- verbum inchoātīvum
- verbum intēnsīvum
- verbum intrānsitīvum
- verbum irrēgulāre
- verbum iterātīvum
- verbum neutrum
- verbum passīvum
- verbum persōnāle
- verbum reciprocum
- verbum reflexīvum
- verbum rēgulāre
- verbum substantīvum
- verbum trānsitīvum
- vēriverbium
派生した語
- French: verve
- Old Leonese: vieruo, viervo, yervo
- Asturian: vierbu
- Old Galician-Portuguese: vervo, verva
- Galician: verbo, verba
- Portuguese: verbo, verba
- Old Spanish: vierbo
- Ladino: byervo
- Italian: verbo, verba
- Romanian: vorbă (possibly)
- Sardinian: belvu, berbu
- → Aragonese: berbo
- → Asturian: verbu
- → Basque: berba
- → Catalan: verb
- → Corsican: verbu
- → Czech: verbum
- → English: verb
- → Finnish: verbi
- → French: verbe
- → German: Verb, Verbum
- → Lombard: verb
- → Norwegian Bokmål: verb, verbo
- → Occitan: vèrb
- → Piedmontese: verb
- → Romanian: verb
- → Sicilian: verbu
- → Spanish: verbo
- → Swedish: verb
- → Welsh: berf
参照
- “verbum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “verbum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "verbum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to crave humbly; to supplicate: supplicibus verbis orare
- what he said made a deep impression on..: hoc verbum alte descendit in pectus alicuius
- to agree in fact but not in word: re concinere, verbis discrepare
- to address a meeting of the people: verba facere apud populum, in contione
- pathos; passion: magniloquentia, granditas verborum
- the plain style: verborum tenuitias, oratio subtilis
- well-chosen language, grace of style: ornatus orationis, verborum
- to explain one's sentiments: sententias (verbis) explicare, aperire
- to express clearly, make a lifelike representation of a thing: exprimere aliquid verbis or oratione (vid. sect. VI. 3, note adumbrare...)
- the connection: perpetuitas verborum
- to go deeply into a matter, discuss it fully: multa verba facere
- to give a full, detailed account of a thing: pluribus verbis, copiosius explicare, persequi aliquid
- the circumstances are described in language worthy of them: rebus verba respondent
- to be unable to say all one wants: verbis non omnia exsequi posse
- I have abundance to say: res (opp. verba) mihi suppetit
- to translate literally, word for word (not verbo tenus): ad verbum transferre, exprimere
- to translate literally, word for word (not verbo tenus): verbum e verbo exprimere
- to translate literally, word for word (not verbo tenus): verbum pro verbo reddere
- to translate literally, word for word (not verbo tenus): totidem verbis transferre
- to translate freely: his fere verbis, hoc fere modo convertere, transferre
- the structure of the sentence: compositio, structura verborum
- the period: ambitus, circuitus, comprehensio, continuatio (verborum, orationis), also simply periodus
- the construction: constructio, structura verborum, forma dicendi
- profusion of words: copia, ubertas verborum
- to be rich in words: verbis abundantem esse, abundare
- poverty of expression: inopia verborum
- to employ carefully chosen expressions: lectissimis verbis uti (De Or. 3. 37)
- obsolete, ambiguous expressions: prisca, obsoleta (opp. usitata), ambigua verba
- nominally; really: verbo, nomine; re, re quidem vera
- literally: si verba spectas
- in some one's name; on some one's behalf (not nomine alicuius): verbis alicuius, e.g. salutare (Liv. 9. 36)
- these are mere empty phrases: haec verba sunt (Ter. Phorm. 3. 2. 32)
- mere words; empty sound: inanis verborum sonitus
- senseless rant: inanium verborum flumen
- to not say a word: nullum (omnino) verbum facere
- to say not a syllable about a person: ne verbum (without unum) quidem de aliquo facere
- to speak on a subject: verba facere (de aliqua re, apud aliquem)
- to extract a word from some one: verbum ex aliquo elicere
- to hold an altercation with a man: verbis concertare or altercari cum aliquo (B. C. 3. 19. 6)
- an altercation, debate: verborum concertatio
- to say only a few words: pauca dicere (pauca verba dicere only of the orator)
- all this means to say: omnia verba huc redeunt
- no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
- to unable to find a suitable expression: verbo parum valere (Tusc. 3. 5. 11)
- not to understand a single word: verbum prorsus nullum intellegere
- to introduce a new word into the Latin language: inducere novum verbum in latinam linguam
- to invent, form words: verba parere, fingere, facere
- to form, derive a word from... (used of the man who first creates the word): vocabulum, verbum, nomen ducere ab, ex...
- to derive a word from... (used of an etymologist): verbum ductum esse a...putare
- to derive a word from... (used of an etymologist): originem verbi repetere a...
- to give the etymological explanation of words: nomina enodare or verborum origines quaerere, indagare
- what is the meaning, the original sense of this word: quae est vis huius verbi?
- the fundamental meaning of a word: vis et notio verbi, vocabuli
- to hold by the letter (of the law): verba ac litteras or scriptum (legis) sequi (opp. sententia the spirit)
- the order of words: ordo verborum (Or. 63. 214)
- a figurative expression; a word used metaphorically: verbum translatum (Or. 27. 92)
- well-arranged words: verba composita
- a trope; metonymy: verborum immutatio
- it was said long ago that..: vetus (verbum) est (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
- minute, pedantic carping at words: verborum aucupium or captatio
- the text of the author (not textus): verba, oratio, exemplum scriptoris
- to strike out, delete a word: inducere verbum (Phil. 13. 19. 43)
- the terms, contents of the letter are as follows: litterae in hanc sententiam or his verbis scriptae sunt
- insulting expressions: voces (verba) contumeliosae
- insulting expressions: verborum contumeliae
- to deceive a person, throw dust in his eyes: verba dare alicui (Att. 15. 16)
- to read prayers for the congregation to repeat: praeire verba (carmen) (Liv. 31. 17)
- a word with you: tribus verbis te volo
- remember me to your brother: nuntia fratri tuo salutem verbis meis (Fam. 7. 14)
- to use Cicero's expression; to say with Cicero (not ut cum Cicerone loquar): ut Ciceronis verbis utar
- to use the mildest expression: ut levissime dicam (opp. ut gravissimo verbo utar)
- “verbum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “vĕrbum”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 703
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