汝 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

汝 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 水女 (EV), four-corner 34140, composition ⿰氵女)

• 𰂈, 𠲤, 𫺈, 𢬨, 𪰤, 𫃤, 𨀾, 𣽮, 𦭰, 𪡑, 𫺋, 㖳
• Kangxi Dictionary: page 606, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17138
• Dae Jaweon: page 999, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1555, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6C5D

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | 拿 | *rnaː | | 拏 | *rnaː | | 詉 | *rnaː | | 蒘 | *rnaː, *na | | 笯 | *rnaː, *naː, *naːs | | 挐 | *rnaː, *na | | 絮 | *rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas | | 呶 | *rnaːw | | 怓 | *rnaːw | | 帑 | *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː | | 奴 | *naː | | 砮 | *naː, *naːʔ | | 駑 | *naː | | 孥 | *naː | | 努 | *naːʔ | | 弩 | *naːʔ | | 怒 | *naːʔ, *naːs | | 袽 | *na | | 帤 | *na | | 女 | *naʔ, *nas | | 籹 | *naʔ | | 恕 | *hnjas | | 如 | *nja, *njas | | 茹 | *nja, *njaʔ, *njas | | 洳 | *nja, *njas | | 鴽 | *nja | | 蕠 | *nja | | 汝 | *njaʔ | | 肗 | *njaʔ |

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *njaʔ): semantic 水 (“river; water”) + phonetic 女 (OC *naʔ, *nas).

Probably related to Proto-Kam-Sui *Ɂnjaᴬ (“river”), whence Southern Kam nyal (“river”), Sui qnyal (Schuessler, 2007).

• Mandarin
  (Standard)
  (Pinyin): rǔ (ru3)
  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˇ
  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ru3
• Cantonese
  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu5
  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nei4
• Hakka
  (Sixian, PFS): nî
  (Meixian, Guangdong): ni1
• Northern Min (KCR): nṳ̌
• Eastern Min (BUC): nṳ̄
• Southern Min
  (Hokkien, POJ): lú / lír / jí / ní / jú
  (Teochew, Peng'im): re2 / ru2
  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ni2
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zy; 6lu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y3

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)+
    * Hanyu Pinyin: rǔ
    * Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˇ
    * Tongyong Pinyin: rǔ
    * Wade–Giles: ju3
    * Yale: rǔ
    * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruu
    * Palladius: жу (žu)
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ʐu²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    * Sichuanese Pinyin: ru3
    * Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: rhu
    * Sinological IPA (key): /zu⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    * Jyutping: jyu5
    * Yale: yúh
    * Cantonese Pinyin: jy5
    * Guangdong Romanization: yu5
    * Sinological IPA (key): /jyː¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    * Wiktionary: nei4
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿdei²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    * Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nî
    * Hakka Romanization System: niˊ
    * Hagfa Pinyim: ni1
    * Sinological IPA: /ni²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    * Guangdong: ni1
    * Sinological IPA: /ni⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    * Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nṳ̌
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ny²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    * Bàng-uâ-cê: nṳ̄
    * Sinological IPA (key): /nˡy³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lú
    * Tâi-lô: lú
    * Phofsit Daibuun: luo
    * IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lu⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lír
    * Tâi-lô: lír
    * IPA (Quanzhou): /lɯ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jí
    * Tâi-lô: jí
    * Phofsit Daibuun: jie
    * IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní
    * Tâi-lô: ní
    * Phofsit Daibuun: nie
    * IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jú
    * Tâi-lô: jú
    * Phofsit Daibuun: juo
    * IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    * Peng'im: re2 / ru2
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jṳ́ / jú
    * Sinological IPA (key): /d͡zɯ⁵²/, /d͡zu⁵²/

Note: ru2 - Chaoyang.

• • (Leizhou)
    * Leizhou Pinyin: ni2
    * Sinological IPA: /ni³¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    * Wugniu: 6zy; 6lu
    * MiniDict: zy去; lu去
    * Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3zr; 3lu
    * Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/, /lu²³/

Note:

• 3zr - vernacular;

• 3lu - literary.

• Xiang

  • (Changsha)
    * Wiktionary: y3
    * Sinological IPA (key): /y⁴¹/

汝

1. (～水, ～河) Ru River, a northern tributary of the Huai River in modern-day southern Henan province. The name also refers to the Hong River in its lower reaches, which now shares a common course with the Ru, as well as a southern tributary of the Hong.
2. a surname

• 汝南 (Rǔnán)
• 汝南月旦
• 汝墳 / 汝坟
• 汝州 (Rǔzhōu)
• 汝水
• 汝瓷 (Rǔcí)
• 汝窯 / 汝窑 (Rǔyáo)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (“you”). Cognate with 你 (nǐ) and 爾／尔 (ěr).

• Mandarin
  (Standard)
  (Pinyin): rǔ (ru3)
  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˇ
  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ru3
• Cantonese
  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu5
  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nei4
• Hakka
  (Sixian, PFS): nî
  (Meixian, Guangdong): ni1
• Northern Min (KCR): nṳ̌
• Eastern Min (BUC): nṳ̄
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dy3 / zy3
• Southern Min
  (Hokkien, POJ): lí / lír / lú / jú / jí / ní
  (Teochew, Peng'im): le2 / lu2 / re2 / ru2
  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ni2
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zy; 6lu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y3

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)+
    * Hanyu Pinyin: rǔ
    * Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˇ
    * Tongyong Pinyin: rǔ
    * Wade–Giles: ju3
    * Yale: rǔ
    * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruu
    * Palladius: жу (žu)
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ʐu²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    * Sichuanese Pinyin: ru3
    * Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: rhu
    * Sinological IPA (key): /zu⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    * Jyutping: jyu5
    * Yale: yúh
    * Cantonese Pinyin: jy5
    * Guangdong Romanization: yu5
    * Sinological IPA (key): /jyː¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    * Wiktionary: nei4
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿdei²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    * Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nî
    * Hakka Romanization System: niˊ
    * Hagfa Pinyim: ni1
    * Sinological IPA: /ni²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    * Guangdong: ni1
    * Sinological IPA: /ni⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    * Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nṳ̌
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ny²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    * Bàng-uâ-cê: nṳ̄
    * Sinological IPA (key): /nˡy³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    * Pouseng Ping'ing: dy3
    * Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dṳ̂
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ty⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    * Pouseng Ping'ing: dy3
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ty³³²/
  • (Putian)
    * Pouseng Ping'ing: zy3
    * Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cṳ̂
    * Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sy⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    * Pouseng Ping'ing: zy3
    * Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sy³³²/

Note:

• dy3 - vernacular;

• zy3 - literary.

• Southern Min

  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Philippines, Singapore)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí
    * Tâi-lô: lí
    * Phofsit Daibuun: lie
    * IPA (Philippines): /li⁵⁵⁴/
    * IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Tainan, Yilan): /li⁵³/
    * IPA (Kaohsiung): /li⁴¹/
    * IPA (Singapore): /li⁴²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Tong'an, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Singapore)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lír
    * Tâi-lô: lír
    * IPA (Tong'an): /lɯ³¹/
    * IPA (Quanzhou): /lɯ⁵⁵⁴/
    * IPA (Kinmen): /lɯ⁵³/
    * IPA (Singapore): /lɯ⁴²/
    * IPA (Lukang): /lɨ⁵⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Singapore, Penang, Medan)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lú
    * Tâi-lô: lú
    * Phofsit Daibuun: luo
    * IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lu⁵³/
    * IPA (Penang): /lu⁴⁴⁵/
    * IPA (Singapore): /lu⁴²/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jú
    * Tâi-lô: jú
    * Phofsit Daibuun: juo
    * IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jí
    * Tâi-lô: jí
    * Phofsit Daibuun: jie
    * IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní
    * Tâi-lô: ní
    * Phofsit Daibuun: nie
    * IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ⁵³/

Note:

• Xiamen:
  • lí - vernacular;
  • lú - literary.
• Zhangzhou:
  • lí - vernacular;
  • jí/ní - literary.
• mainstream Taiwan:
  • lí - vernacular;
  • jú/lú - literary.
• Singapore:

  • lír/lí - vernacular.

  • (Teochew)
    * Peng'im: le2 / lu2 / re2 / ru2
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lṳ́ / lú / jṳ́ / jú
    * Sinological IPA (key): /lɯ⁵²/, /lu⁵²/, /d͡zɯ⁵²/, /d͡zu⁵²/

Note:

• le2/lu2 - vernacular (lu2 - Chaoyang);

• re2/ru2 - literary (ru2 - Chaoyang).

  • (Leizhou)
    * Leizhou Pinyin: ni2
    * Sinological IPA: /ni³¹/

• Wu

  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    * Wugniu: 6zy; 6lu
    * MiniDict: zy去; lu去
    * Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3zr; 3lu
    * Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/, /lu²³/

Note:

• 3zr - vernacular;

• 3lu - literary.

• Xiang

  • (Changsha)
    * Wiktionary: y3
    * Sinological IPA (key): /y⁴¹/

• Middle Chinese: nyoX

• Old Chinese
  (Baxter–Sagart): /*naʔ/
  (Zhengzhang): /*njaʔ/

汝

1. (literary or coastal Min) thou; you (second-person pronoun)
   • 子貢問曰：「賜也何如？」子曰：「女器也。」 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
     子贡问曰：「赐也何如？」子曰：「女器也。」 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
     Zǐgòng wèn yuē: “Cì yě hérú?” Zǐ yuē: “Rǔ qì yě.” [Pinyin]
     Zigong asked, "What do you say of Ci [Zigong's given name]?" The Master said, "You are a utensil."
   • 子曰：「居！吾語汝。」 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
     子曰：「居！吾语汝。」 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
     Zǐ yuē: “Jū! Wú yù rǔ.” [Pinyin]
     The Master said, "Sit down, and I will tell you."
   • 王欲相汝，汝何不受乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad. and _simp._]
     From: Shuoyuan, circa 1st century BCE
     Wáng yù xiàng rǔ, rǔ hébù shòu hū? [Pinyin]
     The king wishes to appoint you as the prime minister; why do you not accept it?

Dialectal synonyms of 你 (“you (singular)”) [map]

• 汝儂 / 汝侬

• 汝好

• 汝曹 (rǔcáo)

• 汝輩 / 汝辈 (rǔbèi)

• 爾汝 / 尔汝

• 爾汝之交 / 尔汝之交

• 笑罵從汝 / 笑骂从汝

• → Betawi: lu

• → Burmese: လု (lu.)

• → Indonesian: lu, lo, elu

• → Khmer: លឺ (lɨɨ)

• → Malaccan Creole Malay: lu

• → Malay: lu

• → Thai: ลื้อ (lʉ́ʉ)

• “汝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

汝

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

• Go-on: にょ (nyo)
• Kan-on: じょ (jo)
• Kun: なんじ (nanji, 汝)←_なんぢ_ (nandi, 汝, historical)、_なれ_ (nare, 汝)、_な_ (na, 汝)、_うぬ_ (unu, 汝)、_しゃ_ (sha, 汝)、_いまし_ (imashi, 汝)
• Nanori: な (na)
• 汝(じょ)南(なん) (Jonan)
• 汝(じょ)窯(よう) (Joyō)
• 爾(じ)汝(じょ) (jijo)

/na mut͡ɕi/ → /namʉd͡ʑi/ → /nand͡ʑi/

Originally a compound of 汝 (na, second person singular pronoun, see Etymology 3 below) +‎ 貴 (muchi, “noble”).[1][2]

Also written as なむぢ (namuji) in older texts, since the namuchi, namuji, and nanji readings likely existed in free variation until the development of the ん (n) grapheme.

• (Tokyo) なんじ [náꜜǹjì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
• (Tokyo) なんじ [nàńjí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
• IPA(key): [nã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑi]

汝(なんじ) • (nanji) ←**なんぢ** (nandi)?

1. (archaic) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

• 汝奴(なんめ) (nanme)
• 今(いま)汝(なんじ)は画(かぎ)れり (ima nanji wa kagireri)
• 大(おお)汝(なんじ)小(こ)汝(なんじ) (Ōnanji Konanji)
• 艱(かん)難(なん)汝(なんじ)を玉(たま)にす (kannan nanji o tama ni su)

Proverbs

• 汝(なんじ)自(じ)身(しん)を知(し)れ (nanji jishin o shire)
• 汝(なんじ)の敵(てき)を愛(あい)せよ (nanji no teki o aiseyo)
• 汝(なんじ)自(みずか)らを知(し)れ (nanji mizukara o shire)
• 弱(よわ)き者(もの)よ汝(なんじ)の名(な)は女(おんな)なり (yowakimono yo nanji no na wa onna nari)

From Old Japanese.

Derived from 汝 (na, second person singular pronoun, see Etymology 3 below) +‎ れ (-re, nominalizing suffix).

汝(なれ) • (nare)

1. (archaic, obsolete) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

From Old Japanese.

Possibly cognate with second-person singular informal pronoun Korean 너 (neo).

汝(な) • (na)

1. (archaic, obsolete; or Tsugaru, Niigata) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

• 汝(なれ) (nare)
• 汝(なんじ) (nanji)
• 汝等(なむだち) (namudachi)

Sound shift from reflexive pronoun 己 (ono), Old Japanese 己 (ono2).[2]

• (Tokyo) うぬ [ùnú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
• (Tokyo) うぬ [úꜜnù] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
• IPA(key): [ɯ̟nɯ̟]
• Pronunciation for pronoun senses unknown.

汝(うぬ) • (unu)

1. (vulgar or Yamagata) second-person pronoun: you
2. (derogatory) first- or third-person reflexive pronoun: me, myself, himself, herself, itself, oneself
   Synonym: 自分自身 (jibun-jishin)

• 汝(うぬ)等(ら) (unura)
• うなうな (unauna)

汝(うぬ) • (unu)

1. (vulgar) used as an insult to the second person: you!
   Synonym: 己 (onore)

⟨si⟩ → /ɕi/ → /ɕa/Shift from Old Japanese 汝 (si) of the same meaning.

汝(しゃ) • (sha)

1. (archaic, obsolete) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

The nominalization of honorific verb 坐す (imasu, “to be”, honorific).[1]

Possibly also analyzable as a compound of 汝 (i-, a rare Old Japanese second person singular pronoun) +‎ 坐 (mashi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of honorific verb 坐す masu, “to be”).

汝(いまし) • (imashi)

1. (honorific, archaic) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

| | a-/wa-“I, we”(first person) | na-/-ma-“you, ye, thou”(second person) | k-“this”(close to speaker) | s-“that”(close to listener) | a-/ka-“that over there”(far from both) | i-/ta-/nani-“who, what, where, how, when”(interrogative) | ono-“oneself”(reflexive) | | | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Person | あ (a)あれ (are)わ (wa)われ (ware)まろ (maro) | な (na)なれ (nare)なんぢ (nanji)まし (mashi)いまし (imashi)みまし (mimashi)きみ (kimi) | こ (ko)これ (kore) | そ (so)それ (sore) | あ (a)あれ (are)か (ka)かれ (kare) | た (ta)たれ (tare)なにがし (nanigashi) | おの (ono)おのれ (onore) | | Thing | | | こ (ko)これ (kore) | そ (so)それ (sore) | あ (a)あれ (are)か (ka)かれ (kare) | いづれ (izure)なに (nani) | | | Location | | | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko)かしこ (kashiko) | いづく (izuku)いづこ (izuko)いどこ (idoko)どこ (doko) | | | Direction | | | こち (kochi)こなた (konata) | そち (sochi)そなた (sonata) | あち (achi)あなた (anata)かなた (kanata) | いづち (izuchi)いづら (izura)いづかた (izukata) | | | Manner | | | か (ka)かく (kaku)かくて (kakute)かう (kō) | さ (sa)さて (sate)しか (shika) | | いか (ika) | | | Time | | | | | | いつ (itsu) | |

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

汝 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)

1. you

2. the name of water, river[1]

3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{[rfdef](/wiki/Template:rfdef#top "Template:rfdef")}}.

4. ^ “Naver Hanja”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎[1], 2020 May 15 (last accessed), archived from the original on 9 April 2021

Originally a first person pronoun. Later became a second person pronoun, as is often seen in Japanese. Compare Old Korean 나 (na). Also found in some instances as a self-reference, one, oneself. This sense is more commonly spelled 己 when used in isolation.[1]

汝 (na) (kana な)

1. first-person singular pronoun: I, me
2. third-person reflexive pronoun: one, oneself, itself
3. second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

Derived terms

• 汝 (nare)

• 汝弟 (naoto2)

• 汝兄 (nase)

• 汝妹 (nanimo1)

• 汝ね (nane)

• 汝姉 (nane)

• 汝人 (nabi1to2)

• Japanese: 汝 (na)

• 劍太刀 (turugi1-tati, pillow word that can allude to na)

From 汝 (na, second person singular pronoun, see Etymology 1 above) +‎ れ (-re, nominalizing suffix).

汝 (nare) (kana なれ)

1. second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

• Japanese: 汝 (nare)

Cognate with 其 (si, third-person pronoun) and 己 (si, reflexive pronoun). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

汝 (si) (kana し)

1. second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

• Japanese: 汝 (sha)

The nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of honorific verb 坐す (imasu, “to be”).

Alternatively, analyzable as a compound of 汝 (i, second person singular pronoun, see Etymology 6 below) +‎ 坐し (masi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of honorific verb 坐す (masu), “to be”).

汝 (imasi) (kana いまし)

1. (honorific) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

More honorific than masi (see Etymology 5 below), but less honorific than mi1masi (see Etymology 6 below).

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

• Japanese: 汝 (imashi)

The nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of honorific verb 坐す (masu, “to be”).[1]

Alternatively, a shortening of imasi (see Etymology 3 above).[1][2]

汝 (masi) (kana まし)

1. (honorific) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

Less honorific than both imasi (see Etymology 4 above) and mi1masi (see Etymology 6 below).

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

Compound of 御 (mi1-, honorific prefix) +‎ 汝 (masi, second person singular pronoun, see Etymology 4 above).[1]

汝 (mi1masi) (kana みまし)

1. (honorific) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

More honorific than both imasi (see Etymology 4 above) and masi (see Etymology 5 above).

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

Possibly a borrowing from Old Korean, compare modern Korean 이 (i, “this person”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

汝 (i) (kana い)

1. (rare, possibly derogatory) second-person singular pronoun: you, thou

For quotations using this term, see Citations:汝.

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

汝: Hán Nôm readings: nhớ, nhở, nhởi, nhứ, nhử, nhữ, dử, nhừ, nở

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{[rfdef](/wiki/Template:rfdef#top "Template:rfdef")}}.