Anti-Semitism Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

- by Jan Lanicek
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- History, Ethnic Studies, Eastern European Studies, International Relations

The period between the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century is one that witnessed the rise and spread of anti-Semitism throughout Europe. This paper attempts a historical analysis of the development of anti-Semitism in Romania and a comparison with the case of Hungary in the period between 1866 and 1913. Such a comparison is interesting as the process of Jewish emancipation in the two countries could not have been more different: while in the Romanian principalities Jews were almost completely excluded from political life, and faced important restrictions in all areas of activity, in Hungary they enjoyed full civil and political rights. As a result, anti-Semitism in these countries took different forms as well. In Hungary, anti-Semitism is usually viewed as a reaction to emancipation, while in Romania it accompanies the offi cial policy of discrimination and exclusion. As a result, this paper follows the development of legislation dealing with the
Jewish populations in the two countries, and tries to challenge the common perception of anti-Semitism as a phenomenon appearing as a reaction of the majority population to Jewish emancipation. This comparative discussion is carried out taking into account the different historical contexts of the two neighbouring lands and their impact on the situation of the Jews.

- by Attila Gidó
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- Jewish Studies, Jewish History, Holocaust Studies, Anti-Semitism
- by Abigail L Rosenthal
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- Judith Butler, Prophets, Anti-Semitism, Karl Marx

Christians, Jews and the Money. About the permanence of a prejudice and its roots (text in German).
Deconstruction of the myth of exclusive Jewish money lending because of the pretended prohibition of interest for Christians, as it is still conveyed by handbooks of history, in school and otherwise, as well as in the internet. Historic sources and serious scholarly research reveal the evidence that money lending all over the Middle Ages was an activity undertaken by Christians, too.

- by Wolfgang Geiger
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- Financial Economics, Jewish History, Anti-Semitism, Historical Education

On Henri de Lubac and the Resistance to Anti-semitisme

- by Antonio Russo
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- Christianity, Theology, History of Christianity, Contemporary French Philosophy

An early study of representations of Jews and Judaism in British literature a the turn of the 20th century. The overall picture is best characterized as ambivalence - Jews were becoming more recognizably human and their symbolic function... more

- by Yehudah Mirsky
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- British Literature, Cultural Studies, Ethnic Studies, Jewish Studies
- by Wolf Gruner
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- Race and Racism, Race and Ethnicity, Ethnic and Racial Studies, Holocaust Studies
- by Ángel Alcalde
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- History, European History, Modern History, European Studies
- by Nicholas de Lange
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- Jewish Studies, Antisemitism (Prejudice), Anti-Semitism, Antisemitism/Racisms

Although Latin American decolonial thinking has always maintained an interest in taking the theories and practices of the communities of Latin America's colonized peoples seriously, the theorization of communality and communal systems has been a new focus of the last two decades. That is, the academic decolonial dedication to diversity and difference has recently been imagined as a pluriverse of communal systems. As such, this decolonial group of thinkers has been effectively demanding that the radical theories of communality produced by Indigenous communities of the Global South be taken seriously as real and viable alternatives to capitalism and representative democracy. Nevertheless, a critical engagement with Latin American decoloniality reveals a serious oversight in communal-oriented decoloniality: it fails to engage in a serious manner the millions throughout the world who are not or are perceived as not part of any community or are exiled from their community. To demonstrate this threat within the communal-oriented vision, one can look to another (de)colonial context ubiquitously overlooked in Latin American decolonial thought: Ireland. More precisely, as a reading of James Joyce's Ulysses reveals, the communal-oriented Irish anti-colonialism of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries contained a common mode of modern anti-Semitism: Jews belong to no community and uproot and hollow out the life of any community they encounter. This article argues that although the pluriversal vision of communal-oriented decoloniality is explicitly opposed to the denigration, dismissal, or rejection of any community, it can still be characterized by this other mode of othering: the denigration, villainization, and oppression of persons who are perceived as embodiments of anti-communality.

- by Maxwell Woods
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- James Joyce, Anti-Semitism, Decolonial Thought, Communalism
- by Academic Studies Press
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- Religion, Sociology, Psychology, Antisemitism (Prejudice)
- by Chloe Hyman
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- Degenerate Art, Anti-Semitism, World War II history, Adolf Hitler

This book introduces the lay reader to the problem of how to read Hitler's notoriously turgid prose by taking key short extracts and undertaking a close reading of them. It seeks to offer a reading of the text that moves discussion of... more

- by Neil Gregor
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- German Studies, Race and Racism, Ideology, Fascism
- by Jacob Katz ז״ל
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- Jewish Studies, Antisemitism (Prejudice), Anti-Semitism, Antisemitism/Racisms
- by Stefan Hofmann
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- Theatre Studies, Jewish Studies, Anti-Semitism, Fin de siècle Vienna

Ist Antisemitismus eine Form des Rassismus oder handelt es sich um zwei völlig verschiedene Phänomene? Und gibt es Analogien zur Islamfeindlichkeit oder ist dieser Vergleich abwegig? Der Aufsatz zeichnet die international geführte... more

- by Yasemin Shooman
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- Jewish Studies, Postcolonial Studies, Race and Racism, Critical Race Theory
- by Stephanie Seul
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- History, Modern History, Intellectual History, Cultural History
- by Benjamin Balthaser
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- Fascism, Anti-Semitism, Anti-Zionism, Extreme and Far Right

En 1240, le duc de Bretagne expulse tous les juifs du duché. Cet épisode peu connu signe la fin de la présence d’une communauté juive en Bretagne au Moyen Âge. Elle s’explique par la conjugaison du fanatisme religieux et la volonté d’effacer les dettes d’aristocrates bretons envers des prêteurs juifs. Cette expulsion faisait suite à des massacres qui auraient coûté la vie à 3 000 juifs, suscitant la réprobation du pape.

- by John Tolan
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- Jewish Studies, Medieval History, Medieval Studies, Antisemitism (Prejudice)

Systemic transition in post-communist Eastern Europe resulted in high inflation, rapid economic changes, and increased lack of control in everyday life. Atthe same time, anti-Semitic incidents were reported in this region after 1989. The ideological model of scapegoating (Glick 2002; 2005) might serve asan explanation of anti-Semitic prejudice in post-transition Eastern Europe. The model predicts that the ideology defining Jews as powerful, cunning, and dangerous would gain popularity in times of crises and would lead to greater discrimination against Jews. In two nationwide representative sample studies of anti-Semitism, in Poland (n = 1098) and Ukraine (n = 1000), we applied the ideological model of scapegoating to study various forms of anti-Semitism (conspiracy-based belief in Jewish control and discriminatory intentions toward Jews). In both samples, economic deprivation led to increased discriminatory intentions toward Jews; however, only in the Polish sample was deprivation linked with higher beliefs in Jewish control (scapegoat-defining ideology). In Poland the rise of conspiracy beliefs about Jewish control partially explained the effect of deprivation on discriminatory intentions toward Jews. The implications of these results are discussed.

- by Michał Bilewicz
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- Jewish Studies, Stereotypes and Prejudice, Conspiracy Theories, Anti-Semitism

Ce livre retrace le dialogue de longue durée entre les extrêmes droites italiennes et françaises depuis le début des années 1960. De ces relations d'abord personnelles naissent de véritables réseaux qui bénéficient du soutien bienveillant des régimes dictatoriaux portugais et espagnol. Certains des membres de cette « communauté de combat » occidentale participent à la série d'attentats du terrorisme « noir » qui frappent l'Italie à partir de 1969. Avec une préface de Michelle Zancarini-Fournel.
Publié aux Presses Universitaires de Rennes (2016).

- by Nathan Abrams
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- History, Anti-Semitism, Scotland, Jews

Of all the keywords frequently included in the modern lexicon of antisemitism, “anti-Zionism” may be the most resistant to conceptual analysis. In this essay, I offer a methodological critique of this predominant approach before proposing an alternative method of analysis focused on several main strands in anti-Zionism’s intellectual genealogy. Doing so promises a better understanding of the specific origins of anti-Zionism as a distinct, self-conscious ideology without reducing it to an essentialist definition. Furthermore, mapping such a historical genealogy allows us to see how the concept of anti-Zionism is repeatedly linked to antisemitism – though not in the ways many might assume.

Although it has been claimed that Dietrich Bonhoeffer's controversial 1933 essay on "The Church and the Jewish Question" is riddled with inconsistencies, I argue that the essay is entirely consistent at least on the issue of church action with respect to the state. Seeing this requires recognizing that the essay is driven by the logic of the two kingdoms, that Lutheran way of understanding God's action in two dimensions of life, the spiritual and temporal.

- by Michael P DeJonge
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- Theology, Historical Theology, Lutheranism, Jewish - Christian Relations

In her chapter, 'Varieties of Pejoratives', Robin Jeshion distinguishes pejorative lexical items, pejorative uses of words, and pejorative speech acts. She surveys and taxonomizes pejorative nicknames, thick terms, and slurs, including... more

- by Robin Jeshion
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- Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy Of Language, Pragmatics, Race and Racism

Rezension zu: Volker Herholt, Antisemitismus in der Antike. Kontinuitäten und Brüche eines historischen Phänomens, Gutenberg 2009.
Frankfurter elektronische Rundschau zur Altertumskunde 14 (2011), S. 45-47.

- by Thomas Gräfe
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- Roman History, Anti-Semitism, Antiquity
- by Todd Platts
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- Antisemitism (Prejudice), Conspiracy Theories, Anti-Semitism, Conspiracy Culture

Scholars of postwar American Jewish history have traditionally focused on highbrow texts in charting the shifting ways that “Jews,” as a category, has been defined and characterized. Including postwar middlebrow publications in our analysis offers a more comprehensive picture of the changing discursive representation of Jews during the twentieth century. Despite the fact that Gentleman’s Agreement rarely receives more than a line or two of mention in scholarly accounts of postwar Jews, it is a text that ably demonstrates the power that popular novels wield in shaping cultural sensibilities. Hobson was not the only 1940s novelist to publish an anti-Semitism themed novel, and her connection to a larger body of such literature contributes to the value of Gentleman’s Agreement. The novel’s best-selling status (and its adaptation into an Academy Award-winning film) is what makes it exceptional among this genre. The making of Gentleman’s Agreement, with all of the debate and opposition it aroused, indicated tectonic shifts within publishing circles and the wider American culture about how to treat the topic of Jews and anti-Semitism.

- by Rachel Gordan
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- Middlebrow Literature, Anti-Semitism, Jewish Literature, Religious Bigotry
- by Katerina Capkova
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- Jewish Studies, Central European history, Jewish History, Czech & Slovak Studies
- by Jonathan Skolnik
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- German Studies, German Literature, Film Studies, Soviet Film

The phenomena of cultural homogenization manifested in the Westernization of the world in recent centuries has its precedent in the Hellenization of the Levant almost 2 millenia ago. This paper examines the cultural force and its... more

- by Lascelles G B James
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- History, Comparative Literature, Jewish Studies, Languages and Linguistics
- by Aaron Winter
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- American History, Criminology, American Studies, Terrorism

十六世紀半ばから十七世初頭にかけ、日本イエズス会により、日本語の教理書が出版されたということは周知の通りだ。世俗のヨーロッパ文学である『イソップ物語』の和訳、そして天草版『平家物語』、『太平記抜書』の存在もよく知られている。しかし、日本語で書かれたオリジナルのキリスト教説話が現存するということは案外知られていない。近年、このテキスト群を「異文化接触」というレベルで取り上げた研究が現れているが、漢訳仏典や漢籍の影響を受けた『日本霊異記』『今昔物語集』などとは対照的に、室町末期にラテン語文脈から国語に翻案されたキリスト教文学は、残念ながらこれまで国文学として扱われてこなかった。その理由をここで詳しくは追究できないが、日本精神というものが（漢文脈との関連性ではある程度まで認められている一方で）キリスト教との関係性については根本的に異質で相容れないものと一般的には理解されていることが、その背景にあると考えられる。しかし、キリスト教説話を聞いた織豊期の日本人がこのように日本精神とキリスト教を両極的なものとして捉えていたということは、資料からは読み取れない。本稿では、キリスト教も日本精神も信仰していない筆者が日本中世キリスト教の代表的な説話集をバレト写本という資料の中から取り上げ、その原典が何であったかを明らかにし、さらに、同時代の日本文学との関係性を探る。その結果、この説話集は当時の武士階級によって評価された軍記・語り物文学、取り分け幸若舞と最も関連性が深いということを示す。

- by Patrick Schwemmer
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- Christianity, Japanese Studies, Latin Literature, Print Culture
- by Jan Lanicek
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- European History, Eastern European Studies, European Studies, Jewish Studies

Discussions around the Israeli-Palestinian conflict tend to rely upon a binary distinction of the Arab inhabitants of Palestine and the Zionist movement to establish a “national home of the Jewish people” there. This oversimplifies and erases the position of those whose identities are both Jewish and Arab, and the existence of Jewish communities in Palestine long before the ‘national home’ was proposed. The Zionist movement created new tensions between Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jewry who had previously co-existed in relative harmony under Ottoman rule, as the Ashkenazi population began to dominate the Palestinian Jewish community and Zionism defined itself in terms starkly incompatible with Arab identity. From the Old Yishuv of the Ottoman Era to the establishment of the Israeli state (and beyond) Zionist rhetoric has been characterised by a deeply contradictory relationship to non-European Jewry, treating them as a burden whilst relying on them to make the Zionist project workable. Additionally, contrary to the promise of safety associated with the 'Jewish National Home,' the Zionist movement has profited from the persecution of Jews in the Arab world, relying on displacement of Jewry from populations such as Egypt and Iraq due to anti-Semitism to legitimise and strengthen the National Home.

- by Helena S Ross
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- Ottoman History, Middle East Studies, Middle East History, Nationalism
- by Marc Saperstein
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- Jewish Studies, Medieval History, Medieval Studies, Antisemitism (Prejudice)

The Polish School of Medicine (PSM) at the University of Edinburgh was an autonomous Polish-language institution established by the Polish government-in-exile. This article demonstrates that, despite a significant presence of both Jews and Polish nationalists among medical refugees in wartime Edinburgh, anti-Semitic discrimination and violence, which were commonplace at faculties of medicine in pre-war Poland, did not resurface at PSM. Jewish students were not subject to discrimination by the Faculty Council in the admission process, and personal relations between colleagues of different religious creeds and ethnic backgrounds were on the whole satisfactory, even if the Christian-Jewish rapprochement at PSM was merely superficial. The lack of open hostility toward Jews did not necessarily mean that all the prejudices of Polish nationalists disappeared as a result of their wartime displacement to Britain. The available evidence suggests that the rise of pre-war forms of anti-Semitism at PSM was prevented by a combination of interrelated factors, such as a growing sense of wartime solidarity among Jewish and non-Jewish refugees, the priority that Polish nationalists gave to the exile mission of PSM, concerns over negative reactions from the British hosts, stricter control over student life and organisations, the relative weakness of extreme Polish nationalists, and adoption by Polish Jews of a deliberately low profile.

- by Michał Adam Palacz
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- History of Education, History of Medicine, British History, Polish History
- by Luca Michelini
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- Anti-Semitism, Jewish question, Carlo Cattaneo

The purpose of Encyclopedia of History of Antisemitism is to provide basic information on the history of the virulent phenomena of antisemitism with regard to the roots and origins of the particular myths, beliefs, policies and ideologies. The book is intended for students of history on the B.A. level as it provides basic understanding and orientation in the phenomena. The topics, covered by the entries of this encyclopedia include: Definitions of various forms of antisemitism, blood libels, medieval ant-Jewish Christian myths, origins of racial antisemitism, inquisition, antisemitism in Iran and Arab world and the Holocaust, including various forms of its contemporary denial and relativization.
The need for such an encyclopedia arises not only from the occurrence of some of the anti-Semitic myths and beliefs in the public discourse, but also from the fact that the originally anti-Semitic meaning of some of the phrases, stereotypes and images, we can hear and see in the public discour- se, is becoming forgotten. Most of the Jews were exterminated or expelled from the Bohemia and Moravia, but the stereotypes which caused the extermination and expulsion still prevail. Naming the origins of such stereotypes is a tool for comprehension of their virulence.
The process of making of any encyclopedia is a neverending one. This volume contains the most basic entries and it is intended as a basis for future expansion. This basic edition of the book allows the reader to search quickly for definitions and history of specific phenomena, main events and some of the most infamous anti-Semitic libels. The reader can either search the phenomena directly through alphabetically listed entries, or through a time-line of most important events in the history of antisemitism and fol- low the links to the particular relevant entries from there.

- by Zbyněk Tarant
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- History, Antisemitism (Prejudice), Czech & Slovak Studies, Racism