Asia Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Marketing, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Personality
- by Hans Lenstra
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- Phylogeography, Africa, Principal Component Analysis, Biological Sciences
- by Shiva Zargham
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- Geography, Speciation, Molecular Evolution, Australia
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- Treatment Outcome, Risk assessment, Medicine, Humans
- by Charles Agyemang, Professor
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- Obesity, Africa, Medicine, Comorbidity

This is an Accepted Article that has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication in the Journal of Diabetes, but has yet to undergo copy-editing and proof correction. Please cite this article as an Accepted Article; doi:... more

- by Thep Himathongkam
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- Diabetes, Risk assessment, Adolescent, Humans
- by Kittipong Dhanuthai
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- Dentistry, Adolescent, Humans, Child
- by Indika Siriwardena
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- Health Promotion, Infant Toddler Care, Medicine, Maternal and Child Nutrition
- by JOSE MANUEL RAMOS RINCON
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- Adolescent, Medicine, Spain, Latin America
- by Eva Fodor and +1
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- Demography, Cultural Diversity, Social Class, South Africa
- by David Bogosian
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- Religion, Christianity, History, Sociology

The Asian venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis guidelines was first published in 2012. Since its first edition, the Asian Venous Thrombosis Forum (AVTF) working group have updated the Asian VTE epidemiology and reviewed issues that were not addressed in the previous guidelines. The authors noted that the rising incidence of VTE across Asia may be attributable to aging population, dietary changes, and increasing incidence of obesity and diabetes. The new additions in the guideline include role of thrombophilia in VTE, bleeding risk in Asians, individual risk assessment, updates in the prevention of VTE in medically ill, bariatric surgery, cancer, orthopaedic and trauma patients. The influence of primary thrombophilia in perioperative VTE is still unclear. The secondary risk factors however, is similar between Asians and Caucasians. The group found no evidence of increased risk of bleeding while using pharmacological agents, including the use of novel anti-coagulants. At present, ...

- by Lee Limi
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- Risk assessment, Medicine, Pregnancy, Humans
- by kamal mohamed
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- Africa, Australia, Forecasting, Climate
- by Shyam Thapa
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- Physiology, Human Geography, Demography, Contraception
- by Ophira Ginsburg and +2
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- Social Work, Focus Groups, Humans, Health and Social Care
- by Robin Gauld
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- Primary Care, South Korea, Health Care, Service Quality
- by Orlando Ferreira
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- Immunology, Brazil, Western blotting, Humans
- by Diane Swales
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- Psychology, Social Work, Child abuse and neglect, Adolescent
- by William Breed
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- Physiology, Zoology, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Morphology
- by Ruth Webster and +2
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- Australia, Humans, Female, Asia
- by Keun-young Yoo and +5
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- Risk, Humans, Smoking, Female

To determine prevalence and incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in a modern meat packing plant. The secondary objective was to explore the relation between ethnicity and CTS. Six hundred and sixty five workers were interviewed and examined to find the prevalence of CTS. Subsequently, 421 workers without CTS were followed up and examined at a median interval of 253 days; of those, 333 remained without CTS and were again examined at a median interval of 148 days. The prevalence and incidence of CTS was 21% and 11/100 person-years, respectively. The incidence for Asian mixed, white, and other ethnicities was 12.0, 12.2, and 7.2 cases/100 person-years, respectively. The observed incidence for men and women was 9.7 and 18.4 cases/100 person-years, respectively. This difference was not quite significant (p = 0.068) with an estimated relative risk (women v men) of 1.9 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.9 to 3.8). The interaction between sex and use of tools was significant (p = 0.04), however, although the relative risk for CTS in women who used tools was 4.2 the numbers were small and not significant. The relative risk for men who used tools was 0.64 and not significant. The percentage of incident cases with comorbid disease was only 6.3% (3/47). The prevalence and incidence of CTS in this workforce were higher than in the general population. However, the prevalence of CTS in this modern, mechanised plant was not significantly different from that reported in older plants. No relation was found between ethnicity, age, body mass index, and CTS for either prevalence or incidence. Comorbid disease among the cases of CTS is significantly less than that found in other industry.

- by Carisa Harris Adamson
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- Humans, Female, Asia, Male
- by Susan McCouch
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- Archaeology, Africa, Plant Biology, Biology
- by Lage Cerenius
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- Genetics, Microbiology, Africa, Plant Biology

Approximately 70.0% of the world's malnourished children live in Asia, resulting in the region having the highest concentration of childhood malnutrition. About half of the preschool children are malnourished ranging from 16.0% in the People's Republic of China to 64.0% in Bangladesh. Prevalence of stunting and underweight are high especially in South Asia where one in every two preschool children is stunted. Besides protein-energy malnutrition, Asian children also suffer from micronutrient deficiency. Iron deficiency anaemia affects 40.0-50.0% of preschool and primary school children. Nearly half of all vitamin A deficiency and xeropthalmia in the world occurs in South and Southeast Asia, with large numbers of cases in India (35.3 million), Indonesia (12.6 million) and China (11.4 million). Another major micronutrient problem in the region is iodine deficiency disorders, which result in high goiter rates as manifested in India, Pakistan and parts of Indonesia. While under-n...

- by Geok Lin Khor
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- Obesity, Developing Countries, Malnutrition, Pregnancy
- by Bruce Macleod
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- Demography, Africa, Developing Countries, Population Dynamics

Access to high-grade micronutrients is a recurring challenge that often threatens the long-term sustainability of food fortification programs. To assess the efficiency of the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) Premix Facility in procuring quality, affordable vitamin A for fortification of edible oil in Indonesia. A global approach to procurement of standard items was used by combining volumes across various demand streams in order to reduce the total cost of acquisition through economies of scale. The GAIN Premix Facility undertook a detailed analysis of vitamin A requirements across its existing customer base, which served as a basis for developing a reliable demand forecast. A consolidated, competitive tender was launched that resulted in the setting up of a long-term commercial agreement with the selected supplier to lock in the most competitive price for a given period of time. The direct benefit to oil manufacturers of fortifying with vitamin A is that the cost of fo...

- by Regina Moench-pfanner and +1
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- Nutrition and Dietetics, Africa, Indonesia, Developing Countries

In this study, the strength development and lechability aspects of metal-contaminated soil treated with ordinary portland cement (OPC) were investigated. The soil was collected from a scrap metal yard within the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur,... more

- by Hilmi Mahmud
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- Southeast Asia, Malaysia, Leaching, Eurasia
- by JAYANTHI VENKATARAMAN
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- Counseling, Anxiety, India, Humans
- by Jeroen Naus
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- Africa, Health Policy, Adolescent, Schools

Very little of the intense interest and activity in the field of family planning in Pakistan has come up in the form of publications. Since the formation of the Family Planning Association of Pakistan in 1953 and the initiative of the government in promoting a national family-planning programme in its Second Five-Year Plan, relatively few reports have been printed. Most of what has been written in Pakistan about family planning has either been reported at conferences abroad or published in foreign journals, or submitted as graduate dissertations at universities within the country and abroad1. While numerous papers presented at conferences in Pakistan have been given limited circulation in mimeographed form2, much of the preliminary data, emanating from most of the action-research projects in progress, are held up till substantive demographic changes are measured and approaches evaluated accordingly.

- by Azra Jan
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- Religion, Psychology, Demography, Economics

To estimate global and regional trends from 1990 to 2010 of the prevalence and number of persons visually impaired specifically by diabetic retinopathy (DR), as a complication of the precipitous trends in global diabetes, is fundamental for health planning purposes. The meta-analysis of published population studies from 1990 to 2012 for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD) yielded estimated global regional trends in DR among other causes of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity <6/18, ≥3/60) and blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60). Globally in 2010, out of overall 32.4 million blind and 191 million visually impaired people, 0.8 million were blind and 3.7 million were visually impaired because of DR, with an alarming increase of 27% and 64%, respectively, spanning the two decades from 1990 to 2010. DR accounted for 2.6% of all blindness in 2010 and 1.9% of all MSVI worldwide, increasing from 2.1% and 1.3%, respectively, in 1990. T...

- by Serge Resnikoff
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- Africa, Global Health, Blindness, Medicine
- by Kwai Lin Thong
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- Genetics, Environmental microbiology, Malaysia, Food Microbiology
- by Lene Lindberg
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- Psychology, Africa, Adolescent, Psychological Medicine
- by Priscilla B Caguioa
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- Hematology, South Korea, Clinical Trial, Treatment Outcome

This paper introduces basic Buddhist cosmology and ethical teachings, emphasizing the concepts of rebirth and Karma. There follows a discussion of the Buddhist view of illness and its causes. Using these introductory concepts, the Buddhist view on euthanasia is explored and contrasted with the views of Marvin Kohl, a leading proponent of euthanasia. It is shown that Buddhism prohibits euthanasia as an option for the terminally ill but instead advocates hospice care. The paper is offered to expand the current dialogue on bioethical issues beyond the Judeo-Christian perspective.

- by Phillip Lecso
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- Religion, Buddhism, Euthanasia, Humans
- by Pablo Cavagnaro
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- Evolutionary Biology, Plant Biology, Biology, Ecology
- by seng sopheap
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- Quality of Mental Health Care, Health Services Research, Nepal, Papua New Guinea

Western European populations of red-crested pochard (Netta rufina) are characterized by low size and high fragmentation, which accentuate their sensitivity to hunting. Uncertainties regarding the demographic trends of these populations highlight the need for pertinent hunting regulations. This requires identification of the limits of the populations under exploitation, i.e. delimiting a management unit. We used the left domain of the mitochondrial control region and seven nuclear loci (four microsatellites and three introns) to assess the level of genetic structure and demographic independence between the fragmented Western European and the large Central Asian populations. The second objective was to investigate the colonization history of the Western European populations. This study demonstrated that the Western European populations of red-crested pochard constitute a separate demographic conservation unit relative to the Asian population as a result of very low female dispersal (m...

- by P. Du Rau
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- Geography, Demography, Conservation Genetics, IT Management
- by Tonia Poteat
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- Eastern Europe, Africa, Medical Microbiology, Developing Countries
- by Upali Amarasinghe and +1
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- Population Dynamics, Biodiversity, Aquaculture, Multidisciplinary

The overall probability of forming stones differs in various parts of the world: 1-5% in Asia, 5-9% in Europe, 13% in North America, 20% in Saudi Arabia. The composition of stones and their location in the urinary tract, bladder or kidneys may also significantly differ in different countries. Moreover, in the same region, the clinical and metabolic patterns of stone disease can change over time. We examined some epidemiological evidence about the main risk factors for stone formation, both individual and environmental. A slightly higher rate of renal stone disease emerged in males than in females, and in white Caucasians than in Blacks. Stones in the upper urinary tract appear to be related to the life-style, being more frequent among affluent people, living in developed countries, with high animal protein consumption. Bladder stones are nowadays mainly seen in the Third World, on account of very poor socio-economic conditions. A high frequency of stone formation among hypertensive ...

- by A. Ramello
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- Demography, Nephrology, Saudi Arabia, Humans
- by Susan Kueh
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- Zoology, Fish Diseases, Transmission Electron Microscopy, FISH
- by Berend Terluin and +2
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- Occupational Health, Quality of Mental Health Care, Humans, Europe

Obesity is a significant public health concern affecting more than half a billion people worldwide. Obesity rise is not only limited to developed countries, but to developing nations as well. This paper aims to compare the mean body mass index trends in the World Health Organisation- (WHO-) categorised regions since 1980 to 2008 and secondly to appraise how socioeconomic disparities can lead to differences in obesity and physical activity level across developing nations. Taking into account past and current BMI trends, it is anticipated that obesity will continue to take a significant ascent, as observed by the sharp increase from 1999 to 2008. Gender differences in BMI will continue to be as apparent, that is, women showing a higher BMI trend than men. In the coming years, the maximum mean BMI in more developed countries might be exceeded by those in less developed ones. Rather than focusing on obesity at the individual level, the immediate environment of the obese individual to br...

- by Rajesh Jeewon
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- Poverty, Obesity, Africa, Diet

In the comparative research we present here as the introduction to a set of case studies, we first assess
the quality of democratic procedures, content and outcomes in eight countries in the Asia-Pacific region
on the basis of quantitative and qualitative data. Second, we investigate whether, to what extent, and how
democratic qualities relate to one another. These investigations are carried out by applying an analytical
framework that we developed elsewhere. In contrast to our previous empirical findings demonstrating that
all the qualities go hand in hand, that participation and competition are the main determinants of democratic
qualities, and that the democratic qualities form a funnel of causality, the present study suggests a different
set of conclusions. In the Asia-Pacific region, the democratic qualities are weakly related to one another,
do not form a funnel of causality, and participation and competition are not the main drivers of democratic
quality. The data presented in the empirical section of the paper claim the existence of an Asia-Pacific
exceptionalism. By carefully examining the cases included in our sample, we provide a detailed explanation
for why, at least as far as democratic qualities are concerned, the Asia-Pacific region may be exceptional
and unique. We reach the conclusion that responsiveness could be achieved by a transition from a rule by
law – often coupled with the prominence of patronage, patrimonialist practices and privileges for the elite –
to a proper rule of law.

- by Bjoern Dressel and +1
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- Quality of Democracy, Asia

Family Planning Program Evaluation is not a well-developed art, much less an exact science. The evaluation of the performance of such programs has received a good deal of attention but the methodologies are still controversial and the results inconclusive. This is due to a wide variety of constraints, not all of which are technical, and most of which are not unique to family planning. The prospects for improvement of FPPE depend, to a great extent, on overcoming these constraints.

- by Jack Reynolds
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- Program Evaluation, Demography, Contraception, Behavior
- by jimmu hcu
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- Demography, Economics, Development Economics, Developing Countries
- by Sean Emery
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- Contracts, Research Design, Australia, Benchmarking