Horse culture Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Alla metà del Cinquecento, Federico Grisone, gentiluomo napoletano dava per la prima volta alle stampe un libro sull’arte di ammaestrare il cavallo «per l’uso della guerra» e sui segreti per «emendarne i vitii». L’opera ebbe subito un enorme successo e fu ben presto emulata dai libri di altri autori. Nasceva così un vero e proprio genere letterario, quello del trattato equestre, la cui tradizione, tra alterne vicende, è giunta viva e vitale sino ai nostri giorni. Non è un caso che quell’opera fosse stampata in Italia, visto che nel nostro paese tra XV e XVI secolo venne elaborata una nuova cultura di corte in cui l’equitazione aveva un ruolo fondamentale. All’epoca, i cavallerizzi italiani erano contesi dalle corti di tutta Europa e i rampolli dell’aristocrazia di tutto il continente valicavano le Alpi per perfezionarsi nell’arte di montare a cavallo presso celebri maestri. Seguendo il filo rosso della trattatistica equestre, questo libro ripercorre la storia dell’equitazione italiana ed europea, raccontandone le ricche implicazioni culturali, l’evoluzione delle tecniche e i numerosi intrecci con i grandi avvenimenti della storia europea. Una vicenda costellata di personaggi circondati da un’aura di leggendaria abilità, di dispute tra scuole contrapposte e di imprese memorabili. Una storia che dal Cinquecento si dipana sino agli inizi del XX secolo, quando di nuovo un italiano, Federico Caprilli, rivoluzionò l’equitazione mondiale, ideando la tecnica di salto degli ostacoli tutt’oggi in uso.
http://worksofchivalry.com/it/il-libro/

Airag, (Fermented horse milk) is a traditional milk product in Mongolia. Herders separate foals from their dams and tie them at a milking site during the daytime to produce airag. To evaluate the effects of horse management on the movement of dams, we tracked three dams in a herd in camp 1 during summer and camp 2 during autumn of 2013 and analyzed their movements during the milking (daytime) and non-milking (nighttime) periods in an area famous for its high-quality airag. Dams were gathered every 1.7 AE 0.0 h between 07.46 and 15.47 hours at the milking sites and milked 4.6 AE 0.2 times/day during the study period (86 days). Daily cumulative and maximum linear distances from the milking sites were longer (P < 0.01) during the non-milking period than during the milking period. Daily home ranges were 91 and 26 times greater during the non-milking period (P < 0.001) in camps 1 and 2, respectively. The greater range during the non-milking period would reflect the spatial distributions of water, salt and forage. The dams initially used similar areas and gradually shifted their daily home ranges after several days. This shift suggests that the dams grazed farther afield as forage availability declined around the milking site. For better airag production and sustainable pasture use, our results provide insights useful for evaluating the effects of milking management on vegetation and soil in those pastures, for selecting the appropriate milking times and frequency, and for choosing the right timing to shift milking sites.

- by Buho Hoshino
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- Horse culture, Livestock Management, Milk production, Milk Quality

How feedback is provided in coach-athlete interaction is vital both to the results in competitive sport and to the satisfaction of participants of recreational sport. Yet studies of coaching-in-interaction remain sparse. The proposed... more

- by Charlotte Lundgren
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- Horse culture, Equine science, Equine, Horses
- by Karen Dalke
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- Horse culture, Human animal relationships

Sustainability promotes the perpetuation of environmental quality for present generations, future generations, and other species. Regions are privileged bounded spaces and a focus for sustainability concerns. This paper explores the notion of sustainable regions by employing a case study of the Upper Hunter, Australia, a region that is a node in material and discursive networks for coal mining, wine making, and thoroughbred breeding. It defines sustainability as environmental sustainability, which is a basis for
socio-economic development. While planning for sustainability at a regional scale is vital, it is also necessary to understand material and discursive networks that connect regions with other spaces

- by Phil McManus
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- Rural Sociology, Geography, Human Geography, Sustainable Development

A textual analysis via critical discourse analysis and content analysis is undertaken to examine how horse racing is covered in Melbourne’s two principal newspapers and what primary themes are present. Horse racing is a significant cultural and economic activity in Australia and is thus worthwhile examining how the sport is represented by the press and how racing’s sociocultural role is communicated. A two-week sample period is selected and noteworthy articles gathered for further examination and detailed analysis. A number of themes emerged from the data which have been contextualised within the thesis. Additionally, research on news values and the political economy of the two newspapers along with different elements of the horse racing industry including general scholarship, equine welfare, fashion and social activities and social policy is discussed in order to frame the study.
It is found that both newspapers expressed both positive and negative sentiments about the sport with no evidence of extreme bias. Several recurring themes emerged from the sample; these include articles discussing horse welfare, racing’s history, tradition and social practices (clustered under the label ‘sociocultural’), the internationalism of the sport, gambling, social policy and the fashion and social aspects of racing. It is also established that the newspapers portrayed racing as having a significant sociocultural function within Australia.
These results are significant as they convey the prominence of horse racing both as an industry and as a popular form of entertainment. The examination of the key themes provides an overview of the most noteworthy elements of horse racing as presented by the news media which would provide useful information for the sport’s governing bodies while offering insight into the news values of each publication. Finally, as the industry is prone to criticism, especially from animal activists, presenting evidence of its sociocultural importance provides important justification for its continuation in the face of condemnation.

- by Teigan Kozina
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- Media Studies, Content Analysis, Horse culture, Critical Discourse Analysis

This dissertation charts the creation and the use of the working horse in urban areas. Historical and contemporary studies of the working horse are combined to establish how these animals were bred, cared for, and housed in order to be the optimum machine. A typology for the Working Horse Stable is created, and what can be inferred from the architecture about horse care is carefully unpicked. Multiple case studies are introduced, dealt with in the order; Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas, and Local Listings. What these examples can deduce about the current state of conservation of Working Horse Stables is then discussed, and a vision for the future of this building type is offered.

- by Ulrich Meurer
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- Music Theory, Visual Studies, Media Studies, Media and Cultural Studies

At the mid point of the sixteenth century, a Neapolitan gentleman, Federico Grisone, published, for the first time, a printed book about the art of training the horse “for the use of war” and on the secrets to “emend his defects”. The work was a huge and immediate success and was soon emulated by other authors. The new literary genre of equestrian treatises was thus born and it’s tradition, with ups and downs, became alive and remains vital up to this day. It is no coincidence that this first work was printed in Italy because, between the fifteenth and sixteenth century, it was in that country that a new culture of the court, in which horse riding had a key role, was developed. During this time, Italian riders were sought out by the members of European courts and the scions of the European aristocracy ventured to Italy to perfect their skill in the art of riding with renowned masters. Following the thread of equestrian treatises, this book traces the history of Italian and European equitation, recounting the rich cultural implications, the evolution of the techniques, and the many connections with the great events of European history. It is a story full of characters surrounded by an aura of legendary skill, of disputes between opposing schools, and of memorable deeds. It is a story that goes from the sixteenth century until the early twentieth century, when again an Italian, Federico Caprilli, revolutionized the riding world, creating the jumping technique still in use today.
http://worksofchivalry.com/the-book-2/

- by Giovanni Battista Tomassini
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- Renaissance Studies, Renaissance, Horse culture, Chivalry (Chivalry)

Based on existing classifications of the horse-bits and cheek-pieces of the North Caucasus and Eastern Europe, the paper outlines a classification of bronze cheek-pieces made of a twisted core and non-bonding three-hole cheek-pieces from Azerbaijan. Burials where objects under the study originate from are dated back to the second half of the 8 th and the 7 th centuries BC. Most of the studied bits with non-bonding three-hole cheek-pieces of Azerbaijan come from the burial grounds where Scythian type objects were discovered or where a burial rite has analogies to those in the forest-steppe on the right bank of the Dnipro River. This data indicates the connection of the studied artifacts with the cultures of the Cimmerians and the Scythians.

- by Zaur Hasanov
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- Eurasian Nomads, Horse culture, Archaeology of Caucasus, Scythian archaeology

Sommaire : L'examen des textes de Columelle (I er s.) et des hippiatres de l'Empire romain tardif (IV e s.) donne les carac-téristiques de la contention opératoire chez les grandes espèces domestiques. En raison de sa grande taille, le travail (machina) de Columelle ne pouvait être utilisé comme de nos jours, mais plutôt comme une cage où l'animal était attaché en position chirurgicale. En outre, un procédé original de fixation de la tête évoque le cornadis autobloquant actuel. Le travail permettait aussi de suspendre (suspendere, statuere) les chevaux in-capables de tenir debout, le temps de leur guérison. Une version rustique servait enfin de couloir de saillie. À la machina, installation fixe des grands domaines, les vétérinaires antiques préférèrent l'abattage (deponere, exponere, elidere), plus rapide à mettre en oeuvre, mais exigeant une véritable expertise. Dans ce contexte, l'usage de la fosse (fossa) est analysé. Summary: The study of texts by Columella (I st century) and by hippiaters of the late Roman Empire (IV th century) reveals characteristics of ancient restraint methods used in performing surgery on large domestic species. Because of its large size, Columella's travis (machina) could not be used as is done nowadays, but as a cage in which animals were strapped in a surgical position. Moreover, an original method of steadying the animal's head reminds one of the present-day self-locking feed barrier. The travis also made it possible to suspend (suspendere, statuere) horses that could not remain standing on their own, for the duration of the recovery period. And a rustic version of machina was used as a mating corridor for horses. Rather than resort to a machi-na, a fixed piece of equipment found on large estates, ancient veterinaries preferred casting horses (deponere, exponere, elidere), which was faster but required real expertise. In this context, the use of a pit (fossa) is analyzed .

- by François Vallat
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- Veterinary Medicine, Horse culture
- by Przemysław Nowak
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- Medieval Studies, Horse culture, Medieval Warfare, Teutonic Knights
- by Gudrun Helgadottir
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- Tourism Studies, Anthropology of Tourism, Heritage Tourism, Horse culture
- by Rania El Sayed
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- Mamluk Studies, Horse culture, Arabic Manuscripts, Hippiatry

In later prehistory horse ownership was a manifestation of wealth and physical prowess, and demonstrated access to distant lands. Because of the expense and restricted availability of horses, they are often reduced to indicators of status without more nuanced considerations of how lived human-horse interactions enmeshed them in these status displays. To complicate the simple horse/status object equivalence, this article presents a specific case for the symbolic and social significance of horses in Early Iron Age south-eastern Slovenia through the lens of equine iconography, and argues that horses and particularly equestrianism were essential to embodying elite masculine identity. Broadly, this article seeks to move beyond equating high-status goods with high-status people by discussing how particular events, bodily abilities and human-animal relationships were all intertwined in the materialization of social distinction for a particular group.

- by Adrienne Frie
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- Archaeology, Prehistoric Archaeology, Iconography, Human-Animal Relations

Annexe du mémoire tir à l'arc à cheval au Japon

- by Heidelinde Hupfer
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- Japanese Studies, Japanese History, Japanese Art, Japanese Buddhism

Segunda edición, digital, corregida, aumentada, con prefacio de Georgina Aimé Tapia.

- by Kendra Coulter
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- Class, Horse culture, Critical Human-Animal-Studies

Chariot races were the earliest, most popular, and longest-lived of all forms of ‘spectacles’ in the Roman world. This essay surveys the spatial and architectural framework of the Circus Maximus, the primary chariot racing venue at Rome, and circuses around the empire; the organization of the races, including the role of the factions; the symbolic representations of victories and athletic victors, as well as the charioteers’ actual prizes; and the horses that were bred for racing. Throughout I also briefly discuss the sport’s spectators and fans, for whom the sport was a socially binding religion.
The essay focuses on the first through the fourth centuries A.D., with the bulk of the evidence (literary, epigraphic, artistic, and archaeological) drawn from the first two centuries. In keeping with current directions in the study of ancient sport and spectacle, the approach adopted here places less emphasis on the legal and technical aspects of the chariot races (‘event-oriented sport history’) and more on these competitions as ‘part of a broader social canvas’ (the ‘social history of sport and spectacle’).

- by Sinclair W Bell
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- Roman History, Horse culture, Sports Fans, Roman social history

The work is devoted to describing of the complex of horse equipment of Yakuts. The research sources became archaeological and ethnographic collections of museums. Equipment a rideable horse of Yakuts consists of two main parts – the headband (reins) and the saddle with stirrups. The horse equipment of Yakuts has close analogies in forms and manufacturing technology, in terminology to the peoples of South Siberia and Central Asia. Parallels for elements of horse harness of Early Yakut burials XIV–XVII centuries ВС was found in Ust-Talkin culture of the nomadic herders of the South Angara region and the Upper Lena in XII–XIV centuries ВС. However, Yakut complex of horse harness has specific characteristics that clearly show his identity.
Работа посвящена описанию комплекса конского снаряжения у якутов. Источниками исследования стали археологические и этнографические коллекции музеев. Снаряжение верхового коня у якутов, состоящее из двух основных частей – оголовья (узды) и седла со стременами, имеет близкие аналогии в формах, технологии изготовления и терминологии у народов Южной Сибири и Центральной Азии. Параллели элементам конной упряжи раннеякутских погребений XIV–XVII вв. обнаруживаются в усть-талькинской культуре кочевников-скотоводов Южного Приангарья и Верхней Лены XII–XIV вв. Вместе с тем в якутском комплексе конского убранства, безусловно, есть и специфические черты, ярко показывающие его самобытность.

- by Viktor Dyakonov
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- Late Middle Ages, Horse culture, Horses, Horse equipment
- by Elena Stepanova and +1
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- Horse culture, Reconciliation, Scythian archaeology, Pazyryk Culture

This is a conference paper I presented at The Animal/Human Bond in Oxford Summer 2014, excerpted from a larger work. Now available in "Who's Talking Now? Multispecies Relations from Humans and Animals Point of View" at http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/publishing/product/whos-talking-now-multispecies-relations-from-human-and-animals-point-of-view/
My research is on the development of the horse as a status symbol in western Europe during the Middle Ages. Horses throughout history have often been restricted to the upper classes in non-nomadic societies simply due to the expense and time required of ownership of a 1,000lb prey animal. However, between 1000 and 1300 the perceived social value of the horse far surpasses the expense involved. After this point, ownership of quality animals begins to be regulated by law, such that a well off merchant or a lower level noble would not be legally allowed to own the most prestigious mounts, despite being able to easily afford one. Depictions of horses in literature become increasingly more elaborate and more reflective of their owners’ status and heroic value during this time. Changes over time in the frequency of horses being used, named, and given as gifts in literature from the same traditions, such as from the Waltharius to the Niebelungenlied, and the evolving Arthurian cycles, show a steady increase in the horse’s use as social currency. Later epics, such as La Chanson de Roland and La Cantar del Mio Cid, illustrate how firmly entrenched the horse became is the trappings of aristocracy.

- by Katrin Boniface
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- Medieval Literature, Medieval History, Medieval Studies, Chretien de Troyes

The evolution of horse usage, with the expansion of the cavalry from the fourth century onward, depended on quality livestock, the intensification of hippiatric medical research and the development of horse-related instruments both for the use of the rider and his mount.
The Early Byzantine and Roman cavalry were dependent on this triad, otherwise they could not have succeeded against more experienced Barbarians. The enemy's experience was matched with experimentation, the development and continuous improvement of an expertise which allowed them to reverse the situation to their advantage in later confrontations with nomadic people.
This triad actually took place almost simultaneously, contrary to what was thought for a long time. Specifically, these three pieces of the puzzle, directly linked to the expansion of the cavalry, appeared between the third and fifth / sixth centuries and bear witness to major efforts in an age that was believed to be less fruitful in such areas.

- by stavros Lazaris
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- Late Antique and Byzantine Studies, Horse culture, Breeding, Byzantine Studies
- by Sinclair W Bell
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- Horse culture, Roman social history, Roman Empire, Roman Circuses
- by Grégory Delaplace
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- Human-Animal Relations, Animal Behavior, Posthumanism, Horse culture

This study reviews ethological literature and the views of working riders on the manners in which horses communicate nonverbally; explores social-scientific paradigms of human nonverbal communication as presented in the academic discipline of Communication Studies; and outlines crucial ways in which horse-horse, horse-human, and human-horse communication can be viewed using paradigms for human-human nonverbal communication. With this in place, I explore and present photographs of what I have termed horses’ ability for “corporeal synchronicity”—the ability to move in exact, foot-for-foot synchrony with one another—and the meaning this may hold for both human and horse.

- by Gala Argent
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- Animal Behavior, Animal Studies, Horse culture, Social behavior in animals
- by Murat Ozturk
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- Horse culture, Hsiung-nu History, Hsiung-nu Archeology

Le nom du cheval est un des mieux assurés dans la reconstruction linguistique indo-européenne, au plan lexical, dans la phraséologie (collocation de lexèmes), et dans l'onomastique personnelle, à tel point qu'on peut considérer le cheval... more

- by Xavier Delamarre
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- Celtic Studies, Onomastics, Ancient Indo-European Languages, Celtic Linguistics

IF YOU WOULD LIKE AN ARTICLE PDF - PLEASE EMAIL ME! Burial of horses and horse-elements occurred throughout Europe during the first millennium AD. These burials are prevalent in northwest Europe and are perhaps more significant in... more

- by Pamela J. Cross
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- Archaeology, Ritual, Horse culture, Culture
- by M. Tekin Koçkar
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- Horse culture, Horses

Based on ethnographic research in Egypt and the United States, this chapter will focus on the emergence and dynamics of transnational networks of modern Arabian horse breeding with a focus on the Straight Egyptian Arabian horse as a nationalized and trademarked modern sub-breed. Following a practice-oriented social anthropological approach and drawing on insights from both science and technology studies and human-animal studies, I argue that a central feature of the Arabian horse industry and global breeding community is genealogical talk about the Arabian horse. Ancestral knowledge about the most precious bloodlines and the ability to trace a horse’s genealogy and pedigree to its “pure” Arab Bedouin origin in the deserts of Arabia, the Levant, and Egypt’s royal stables, is a matter of ongoing debate. This chapter will discuss issues of modern breed formation and the performative employment of the Arabic concept of purity and authenticity (Arabic āṣāla/āṣīl) by modern Arabian horse breeders in relation to two case studies: the infamous but extremely popular story of the stallion Nassralla, born in 1954 in Egypt at the Egyptian state-stud al-Zahraa and accused of impurity and tainted blood; and the exclusion of desert-bred Tahawi-bloodlines from the World Arabian Horse Organization (WAHO) in 1972. Taken together, I suggest, these two instances of exclusion based on bloodlines suggest how the breeding of modern Egyptian Arabian horses implies a submerged politics of structural violence against traditional Arab society.

Documento guía de las pláticas que he ofrecido en el Seminario Infancias (Facultad de Historia) y a integrantes del Consejo Ciudadano de Morelia en junio de 2016. Planteo en siete páginas con vínculos a documentos qué ha sido del jaripeo en la matriz de la economía de la furia y por qué es importante comprometerse en una estrategia no prohibicionista ni punitiva (que es la que de manera más inmediata se le suele ocurrir a la gente indignada y a la gente en política).

- by Ana Cristina Ramírez Barreto
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- Masculinity Studies, Animal Studies, Animal Ethics, Horse culture
- by M. Tekin Koçkar
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- Horse culture, Horses

This paper is an introduction to the issue of the journal Arabian Humanities no 8, devoted to the horse in Arabia and in Arabian culture.
The setting of the following contributions is detailed from
specific viewpoints:
• The al‑Maqar case: an ideological historical reconstitution
• The domestication of the horse: the state of the art
• The introduction of the horse in Arabia: the state of the art
• The horse in the Islamic period
• The myth of the Arabian horse

- by Jérémie Schiettecatte and +1
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- Horse culture, Saudi Arabia, Arabian Gulf, Domestication (Zooarchaeology)

Whether knight's charger or beast of burden, horses played a vital role in medieval life. The wealth of medieval finds excavated in London in recent years has, not surprisingly, included many objects associated with horses. This catalogue illustrates and discusses over four hundred such objects, among them harness, horseshoes, spurs and curry combs, from the utilitarian to highly decorative pieces. London served by horse traffic comes vividly in view. The introductory chapter draws on historical as well as archaeological sources to consider the role of the horse in medieval London. It looks at the price of horses and the costs of maintaining them, the hiring of 'hackneys' for riding, the use of carts in and around London, and the work of the 'marshal' or farrier. It discusses the evidence for the size of medieval horses and includes a survey of finds of medieval horse skeletons from London. It answers the key questions, how large a 'Great Horse' was, and why it took three horses to pull a cart. A new introduction to this edition provides an update on research and a supplementary bibliography. This is a basic work of reference for archaeologists and those studying medieval artefacts, and absorbing reading for everyone interested in the history of the horse and its use by humankind.

- by John Clark
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- Horse culture, Medieval London, Horses, Medieval Equestrian Studies