Jacobites Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

In this paper, I would like to argue that the Duchy of Lorraine was part of the Jacobite network in Europe, and especially during the episode of the 1715 Rebellion. The history of the Duchy of Lorraine and the European context between 1697 and 1716 favoured the Settlement of a Jacobite Diaspora in Lorraine. Leopold had just returned to his Duchy in 1698 and was leading a polity of reconstruction; he was easily giving favours to loyal followers of the House of Lorraine. In this respect, his Prime Minister Lord Taaffe, Earl of Carlingford played a prominent role in the establishment of Irish Catholics in the Duchy of Lorraine.
The transnational Jacobite networks were supporting the pretention of James II over William III, and after the Glorious Revolution its members fled the UK and sought asylum abroad. The Williamite - and later Hanoverian - governments continuously tried to prevent the return of the exiled Stuarts. However, James III negotiated with Queen Anne to recover his throne, and nearly succeeded after the 1713 treaty of Utrecht was signed. The English government asked France to expel the Old Pretender from his St Germain-en-laye residence as a condition for peace in Europe. As a consequence, the “king over the water” took refuge with his Lorraine cousin - Duke Leopold - from January 1713 to March 1716. After this transnational crossing, James III settled in Bar-Le-Duc with his Jacobite court and fomented the 1715 revolution from there, with the help of Scottish activists. The existing Jacobites diaspora and the Lorraine nobility actively helped the Stuart to prepare his landing in Scotland. The Jacobite network, secret by nature, thus found in Lorraine an opportunity to communicate with the Old Pretender, while the Duke supported the Stuart because of the possibility of a success for the rebellion, which could have changed the position of Lorraine in Europe.

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- Early Modern History, Early Modern Europe, Lorraine, Jacobite History
- by Francesco Guidoboni
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- Jacobites, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint Sulpice

Предметом настоящей работы является прагматика поздних включений Туата Де Дананн в парафольклорный нарратив, в частности в работах Михола О’Клири (Mícheál Ó Cléirigh) и Джеффри Китинга (Seathrún Céitinn). Будучи созданы примерно в одно и то же время и в рамках общего тренда на ревизию и фиксацию традиционного исторического знания, рассматриваемые в рамках данного исследования их тексты – новая редакция псевдоисторического трактата «Книга захватов Ирландии», созданная О’Клири, и «Основы знаний об Ирландии» Китинга – придерживаются эвгемеристической позиции, представляя Туата Де Дананн не как божеств, а как людей из плоти и крови. Однако личный бэкграунд авторов и различные цели, которые они преследовали в своей работе, обусловили разную реализацию схожей эвгемеристической риторики.
В рамках нижеследующей работы мы предполагаем рассмотреть изложение сюжета о захвате Ирландии Туата Де Дананн у Китинга и О’Клири в контексте социокультурной конъюнктуры первой половины XVII в., а также в контексте предшествовавшей созданию рассматриваемых текстов древне- и среднеирландской традиции.

- by Aodhán Morris
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- Early Modern Catholicism, Elves, Fairies, Jacobites

In the Jacobite period, the north-east was a geographically and culturally distinct region of Lowland Scotland. It had a well-functioning economy, two universities and a strong Episcopalian heritage. It had the means to raise men and money for the Jacobite cause and was significantly involved in the risings of 1715 and 1745. It was a major Jacobite centre. In a historiographic context traditionally concerned with Highland militarism and the politics of the Stuart courts of St. Germain and Rome, an analysis of Lowland Jacobitism provides an excellent case-study of the development of Jacobitism in Scotland from 1689-1746.
This thesis focuses on locally-produced research material, chiefly: burgh council records; records produced by provisional Jacobite administrations; church records; and correspondence of churchmen, laymen, merchants and elites. This has been augmented by research of state-papers and government correspondence, contemporary pamphlets and literature. Jacobitism had multiple, sometimes conflicting, stimuli. The Jacobite individual was often dichotomous, where the demands of Jacobite principle and intent had to run in tandem with prospering within an established community in post-Revolution Britain. The Jacobite experience was by no means straight-forward. The dynamic between Jacobitism, Scots Episcopalianism and regional life (including politics, mercantilism, education and culture) is a central concern of this thesis.
This thesis describes and analyses the development of Jacobitism and Scots Episcopacy in the north-east of Scotland, with particular emphasis on the towns of Aberdeen. It assesses the contribution the region made to intellectual, cultural and martial Jacobitism. It re-evaluates the scale and role of Jacobitism in the north-east and, in turn, the development of the Jacobite cause over the course of six decades.

This chapter describes Scottish commercial networks operating in France in the Early Modern Period. It was the first serious look at the politics surrounding Franco-Scottish relations in the period and has inspired much scholarship since... more

- by Steve Murdoch
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- French History, Social Networks, British History, Scottish History

International conference held in Colombo on 22-23 November 2018

- by Wei Jiang and +8
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- Catholic Missionary History, History of Christianity, South Asian History, Missionary History

The purpose of this study is to cast fresh light on the uprising of the Galloway Levellers in 1724. To achieve this objective, the study takes as its starting point patterns of land use and land ownership inGalloway as they evolved through from the late sixteenth to the beginning of the eighteenth century.The important influence of the plantation of Ulster on the development of Galloway's cattle trade isdiscussed in this part of the study. Since the society of Galloway in 1724 was still deeply influencedby the religious and political conflicts of the later seventeenth century, this background is thenconsidered. Local responses to the Jacobite rebellion of 1715 are discussed within this context sincethere was an anti-Jacobite element within the rhetoric and actions of the Galloway Levellers. Fromthese foundations, and having established a chronology for the events of 1724, much of theconfusion which previously surrounded the actions of the Galloway Levellers and responses to their actions can be clarified. It has been possible to identify and provide a history for most of the peopleand places involved, including some of the Levellers themselves. This evidence in turn has revealedthat the actions of the Galloway Levellers did have an impact on the later eighteenth centurydevelopment of Galloway through a more cautious approach to agricultural improvement and thecreation of industrial settlements to provide employment for surplus labour. Finally, a previouslyunrecognised connection between late eighteenth century Galloway and the theory and practice of the industrial revolution is explored.

- by Alistair Livingston
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- Scottish History, Scottish Enlightenment, Ireland, England

History of a Scottish Regiment in the French army in the 18th century. The regiment Royal Ecossais was created in 1743 by Lord John Drummond. This study is about the creation of the regiment en 1743, the men in charge, and the history of the regiment during the war between France and Great-Britain from 1744 to 1746, and the military campaign in Scoltland that ended at the battle of Culloden in april 1746.

- by Thomas Hindley
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- Military History, Modern History, French History, Scottish History

Jacques Baradée : apôtre et prophète ? Retour sur les trois « Vitae » syriaques Jacques Baradée fut une personnalité importante du christianisme oriental antique, mais qui était-il réellement ? La question demeure entière puisque tous les descriptifs modernes de l'homme trouvent leur source dans deux Vitae syriaques attribuées à Jean d'Asie 1. Suite à une relecture de ces textes ainsi que d'une troisième Vita, il nous faut revoir certaines perceptions concernant l'homme et sa postérité. Ainsi, ce travail vise à mieux comprendre qui était ce saint homme qui semble avoir été glorifié de son vivant. Les V e et VI e siècles furent le théâtre de crises majeures au sein du christianisme impérial, dirigé de Constantinople et sur le point de s'imposer partout. Au fil des synodes et des conciles, les premières failles apparurent dans l'édifice religieux conçu par Constantin. Vue de l'Orient, l'unité constantinienne semble bien mince puisque Occident et Orient n'avaient pas tout à fait la même conception des dogmes et du message du Messie. Il semble que les racines sémitiques de la religion chrétienne étaient plus fortes que ce que Constantin avait cru lorsqu'il réunit les Pères à Nicée en 325. Derrière l'idée d'un culte unique pour l'Empire qui sera imposé par Théodose avec l'Édit de Thessalonique en 380, la concorde de Nicée sera rapidement ébranlée.

- by Nicolas Asselin
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- History of Christianity, Jacobites

This thesis examines the social record of popular Jacobitism during the 1745 Rising as expressed through its plebeian constituency. Such an assessment fills in the gaps largely ignored by scholars of the Jacobite period, who instead tend to concentrate upon the elites and the political and doctrinal ideologies espoused by influential gentry. Using a purpose-built database to compile and analyse a large number of resources including lists of prisoners, trial records, muster rolls, and government papers, a prosopographical survey of over 15,000 persona entries is presented. The study looks at four thematic aspects of popular Jacobitism, which describe motivation, constituency, recruitment, and consequences. These combine to provide a social profile of the ‘lesser sort’ of those persons involved in rebellion against the Hanoverian government, whether martial or civilian. The results suggest that practicality was a major influence in drawing the common people into civil war, and that the ideological tenets of Jacobitism, much diluted by 1745, took a backseat to issues of necessity. Widespread ambivalence to the political climate made harsh recruiting methods necessary, and rampant desertion reinforced that need until the army’s defeat at Culloden. Both the willing and unwilling supporters of Charles Edward Stuart’s landing in Scotland represented local, national, and international interests and stretched across class divides. Civilians contributed to the effort along with the soldiers, but limited martial support both domestic and foreign was insufficient to sustain the Stuart-sanctioned coup and the exiled dynasty’s hopes for a subsequent restoration. Understanding that weak punitive measures after 1715 enabled yet another rising thirty years later, the government’s response after Culloden was swift and brutal. Though its campaigns of containment and suppression strained the resources of the judicial system, effective punishment was seen as a necessity, dominating British policy even as the state was involved in a larger war on the Continent. This thesis demonstrates that plebeians used by the Jacobite elites were ill-equipped to support the strategies of the cause, yet they ultimately bore the brunt of the reparations for treasonous expressions, however questionable their commitment may have been.

- by Darren S. Layne
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- Military History, Relational Database, Digital Humanities, British History
- by Robert Collis
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- Russian Studies, Eighteenth Century History, Russian History, Freemasonry

The Order del Toboso was a Jacobite social order. In this chapter the author argues that they remained committed Jacobites, but adopted a pragmatic approach and actively discouraged their family and friends from losing all in rash... more

- by Steve Murdoch
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- Social Networks, Early Modern History, Social Networking, Scottish History
- by Kieran German
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- Scottish History, The Episcopal Church, Jacobite History, Jacobites

Thank you to Amanda Charland for creation of this pdf, and Roy Edwards, Kara Kozikowski, Jennifer Novotny, M.R. Wood, Elizabeth Pierce, Ryan K. McNutt, Terence Christian, Marjory Horne, Adrian Maldonado, and Christy McNutt for their help... more

- by Dr. Tom Horne
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- History, American History, American Studies, Archaeology

Late-seventeenth century County Clare was in upheaval following the defeat of the Jacobite cause at Aughrim and Limerick in 1691. Many soldiers, Catholic landholders and adventurers took advantage of the terms of the Treaty of Limerick and entered foreign military service. Thousands of men, among whom were the famous Clare dragoons of Lord Clare, sought military service with the main powers in Europe – France, Spain and the army of imperial Austria. The imperial territories of Austria was where a branch of the O’Neylon family from Dysert in County Clare settled, attaining high military rank and ennoblement. This branch acquired estates in the imperial lands of northern Italy, around Mantua in Lombardy. Like other Jacobite families on the continent, the O’Neylons married into other exiled Irish families who had achieved pre-eminence in the service of the Austrian imperial army

- by Luke McInerney
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- Irish Studies, Irish (early and modern), Early Modern History, Irish Diaspora

The Jacobites were those who for numerous reasons supported the Stuart and claim to the throne of England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland. They had backing of France for many of the rebellions and from Spain. France and Spain supported the Jacobites for their own reasons, more political than most of the Jacobites. There were many reasons for people to join the Jacobites. Over the course of the rebellions many people joined the movement when they had a problem with England. This rebellion was not short and was not constantly going on. The Jacobite movement lasted close to one hundred years. There were not continuous riots and battles going on for all of those years. Even though the movement had died no heir to the Stuart throne ever gave up their families’ claim to the throne, which means even to this day there is an heir to the Stuart throne. Instead the heirs stopped trying to regain the throne. This is what ended the rebellions.

- by Megan C Perry
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- Scottish History, Stuart England, Scottish Highlands, Scotland
- by En (James A.) Mahaksapatalika (Isaacs Jr.)
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- Political Philosophy, Politics, Truth, Jesuit history
- by Robert Collis
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- History, Eighteenth Century History, Freemasonry, Research into Freemasonry

This article examines the connections between the Scottish Enlightenment thinker David Hume (1711-76) and the Jacobites. Many of his friendships with Jacobites are known, but they have rarely been explored in detail, perhaps because they sit uneasily with the now dominant interpretation of Hume as a whig. While he was frequently accused of Jacobitism in his lifetime, this article does not seek to revive the myth that he was committed to the cause of the Stuarts at any stage of his life. However, his balanced treatment of Jacobitism indicates that we should dismiss entrenched dichotomies between enlightenment and progressive whiggism on the one hand, and nostalgic and conservative Jacobitism on the other. Despite his own lack of Jacobite commitments, the case of Hume shows that Jacobitism needs to be better integrated into Scottish enlightenment studies.

- by Robert Collis
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- British History, English History, Eighteenth Century History, Scottish History

Якобитское движение, вопреки популярным стереотипам о нем, не было ни в основном шотландским, ни в основном гэльским, ни даже в основном католическим. К тому же, не только реальные участники якобитских кампаний идентифицировали себя как якобиты, но и те, кто во время восстаний держался в стороне, однако выражал сентиментальное сочувствие побежденным. Такая ситуация требовала создания некой единой, над-этнической и над-конфессиональной якобитской идентичности. Поэтому еще до 1745 г. сформировались несколько типов кодов, маркировавших индивидов с якобитскими симпатиями. Во-первых, в прямом виде, «public transcripts»: шотландская одежда, позволяющая открыто демонстрировать свои политические взгляды. Во-вторых, в скрытом («hidden trascripts» в теории Джеймса Скотта): предметы быта, адаптированные для тайной коммеморации или поддержки изгнанной династии («тайные портреты»; бокалы с надписями); специальные жесты, система эвфемизации и наличие маркированных локусов (якобитские кофейни и клубы).
В 1745-1746 гг. вся эта совокупность скрытых и прямых транскриптов с большим успехом выступили в качестве «официальной» эстетики восстания. И, наконец, с 1746 по 1759 год они маркировали и подпольную якобитскую субкультуру. Отметим, что довод о наличии запретных артефактов является одним из значимых аргументов для сторонников «традиционного» взгляда на якобитские войны. По логике «традиционалистов» наличие вещей в статусе индекса, указывающего на индивида с якобитскими взглядами, должно свидетельствовать о попустительском отношении властей к их изготовителям и хранителям – что едва ли представляется разумной реакцией на реальную угрозу.

This article explores the migration of Scottish mariners into foreign service in the 17th and 18th centuries. It challenges any notion of 'special relationship' between Scotland and a particular maritime nation (as is often claimed) by highlighting the migration patterns of senior officers and shipbuilders during particular times of political and economic change. Set against a background of Scotland's relationship with Russia, the paper contextualises the arrival of a group of Scottish admirals into Muscovite service against similar migrations into the maritime forces of other Baltic nations.

- by Steve Murdoch
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- Naval Engineering, Naval Architecture, Early Modern History, Maritime History

This book is the first encompassing history of diasporas in Europe between 1500 and 1800. Huguenots, Sephardim, British Catholics, Mennonites, Moriscos, Moravian Brethren, Quakers, Ashkenazim… what do these populations who roamed Europe... more

- by natalia muchnik
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- Religion, History, Jewish Studies, Social Networks

Dominican Riccoldo da Monte Croce headed to the East in 1288, where was sent on a mission towards the Nestorians and Jacobites by Nicolas 4th and the Grand Master of his Order. He stayed there for about ten years. The account of his mission, entitled Liber peregrinationis, and the theoretical analysis he derived from it - Libellus ad nationes orientales - enable one to understand how a missionary perceived the relationships between the Roman Catholic Church and the Oriental, non-Chalcedonian Churches, in the double context of the Second Council of Lyon and the definitive loss of the Crusader States. Riccoldo's rhetoric is influenced by several elements - the pontifical definition of Christianity, the Dominican theorisation of missionarism, as well as his stay among the Nestorians and the Jacobites in Nivine and Baghdad. Between the exclusion of those who persist in error and refuse the Verbum Dei relayed by the Dominicans and the assimilation of those who convert to Christianism, there remains the possibility of an encounter. The missionary, who learns Arabic and Chaldean on the spot, has a deep knowledge of those Christians, who were both similar and different, without liberating himself from his representations as a mendicant friar and an apostolic missionary. The confrontation of the Dominican missionary with Oriental otherness leads one to rethink the definition of Christianity around the notions of unitas and uniformitas.

The polemical treatise by Ibn Ḥazm (994–1064), the famous Andalusian Muslim author, has a section on the Incarnation of God, in which the author provides a critical survey of doctrinal divisions in Christianity. Similarly to other Muslim authors, Ibn Ḥazm describes three main Christian denominations: the “Melkites”, the “Jacobites”, and the “Nestorians”. Thus, the Greek Chalcedonians and those of the Latin West were virtually combined into the same denomination. The article discusses Ibn Ḥazm’s arguments against the main Christian dogma with a special reference to the probable influence of the polemical works of the medieval Muslim scholars on the relationship between the two Chalcedonian groups.

- by Peter D A Boyd
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- Botany, Landscape Ecology, Zoology, Folklore
- by J. Scott Bridger
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- Abrahamic Religions, Christianity, New Religious Movements, Epistemology
- by Anis Chaaya
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- Medieval History, Medieval Studies, Sustainable Development, Settlement Patterns
- by Darren S. Layne
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- Military History, Scottish History, 18th Century Britain, Jacobite History

The table of contents, and the conclusion of my master dissertation.

- by Dr Jérémy Filet
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- Lorraine, Jacobite History, Jacobites, James II

In the histories of ecumenism, its initial formation is usually dated the early 20th century. The World Missionary Conference held in Edinburgh in 1910 is referred to as its «symbolic beginning». A quest for the origins of the ecumenical thought led researchers to find some early voices in the previous centuries, even as early as in the 15th—16th c. However, there are Oriental sources which witness to a much earlier formation of the ecumenical paradigm of the ecclesiological thought, typologically corresponding to that developed in the 20th c. In the Golden Age of Medieval Muslim culture under the Abbasid caliphate, an ecumenical position is witnessed to by some Middle Eastern Christian authors. In their works, the main Christian denominations are not polemically presented as opposed to each other, but on the contrary, the essential unity of various Christian beliefs is emphasized, and the ways the main Christian communities follow are claimed to be equal in value. The present study uses the Medieval Arabic sources to demonstrate that the history of the ecumenical thought should be corrected by supplying a chapter on the Medieval Eastern period of the history.

- by Nikolai Seleznyov
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- Religion, Arabic Literature, Armenian Studies, Arabic Language and Linguistics
- by natalia muchnik
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- Jewish Studies, Social Sciences, Armenian Studies, History of Science