Product Distribution Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

A thermodynamic equilibrium analysis on the multi-reaction system for carbon dioxide reforming of methane in view of carbon formation was performed with Aspen plus based on direct minimization of Gibbs free energy method. The effects of... more

A thermodynamic equilibrium analysis on the multi-reaction system for carbon dioxide reforming of methane in view of carbon formation was performed with Aspen plus based on direct minimization of Gibbs free energy method. The effects of CO 2 /CH 4 ratio (0.5–3), reaction temperature (573–1473 K) and pressure (1–25 atm) on equilibrium conversions, product compositions and solid carbon were studied. Numerical analysis revealed that the optimal working conditions for syngas production in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis were at temperatures higher than 1173 K for CO 2 /CH 4 ratio being 1 at which about 4 mol of syngas (H 2 /CO = 1) could be produced from 2 mol of reactants with negligible amount of carbon formation. Although temperatures above 973 K had suppressed the carbon formation, the moles of water formed increased especially at higher CO 2 /CH 4 ratios (being 2 and 3). The increment could be attributed to RWGS reaction attested by the enhanced number of CO moles, declined H 2 moles and...

The low temperature microwave activation of biomass has been investigated as a novel, energy efficient route to bio-oils. The properties of the bio-oil produced were considered in terms of fuel suitability. Water content, elemental... more

The low temperature microwave activation of biomass has been investigated as a novel, energy efficient route to bio-oils. The properties of the bio-oil produced were considered in terms of fuel suitability. Water content, elemental composition and calorific value have all been found to be comparable to and in many cases better than conventional pyrolysis oils. Compositional analysis shows further differences

The hydrogenation of maleic acid was investigated using a bimetallic Ru–Re/C catalyst powder in a semi-batch stirred slurry reactor with the main objective of developing a kinetic model that would provide reliable predictions of the... more

The hydrogenation of maleic acid was investigated using a bimetallic Ru–Re/C catalyst powder in a semi-batch stirred slurry reactor with the main objective of developing a kinetic model that would provide reliable predictions of the observed reactant and product ...

A study on gasification of empty fruit bunch (EFB), a waste of the palm oil industry, was investigated. The composition and particle size distribution of feedstock were determined and the thermal degradation behaviour was analysed by a... more

A study on gasification of empty fruit bunch (EFB), a waste of the palm oil industry, was investigated. The composition and particle size distribution of feedstock were determined and the thermal degradation behaviour was analysed by a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then fluidized bed bench scale gasification unit was used to investigate the effect of the operating parameters on EFB air gasification namely reactor temperature in the range of 700–1000 °C, feedstock particle size in the range of 0.3–1.0 mm and equivalence ratio (ER) in the range of 0.15–0.35. The main gas species generated, as identified by a gas chromatography (GC), were H2, CO, CO2 and CH4. With temperature increasing from 700 °C to 1000 °C, the total gas yield was enhanced greatly and reached the maximum value (∼92 wt.%, on the raw biomass sample basis) at 1000 °C with big portions of H2 (38.02 vol.%) and CO (36.36 vol.%). Feedstock particle size showed an influence on the upgrading of H2, CO and CH4 yields. The feedstock particle size of 0.3–0.5 mm, was found to obtain a higher H2 yield (33.93 vol.%), and higher LHV of gas product (15.26 MJ/m3). Equivalence ratio (ER) showed a significant influence on the upgrading of hydrogen production and product distribution. The optimum ER (0.25) was found to attain a higher H2 yield (27.31 vol.%) at 850 °C. Due to the low efficiency of bench scale gasification unit the system needs to be scaling-up. The cost analysis for scale-up EFB gasification unit showed that the hydrogen supply cost is RM 6.70/kg EFB ($2.11/kg = $0.18/Nm3).

... Channel coordination plays a strategically important role in a multi-channel context. ... The rapid growth in internet sales has been aided by a parallel increase in the efficiency ... Rosenbloom (2007) discussed that while... more

... Channel coordination plays a strategically important role in a multi-channel context. ... The rapid growth in internet sales has been aided by a parallel increase in the efficiency ... Rosenbloom (2007) discussed that while multi-channel marketing strategy becomes a major force in the ...

The global electrical energy consumption is still rising and there is a steady demand to increase the power capacity. The production, distribution and the use of the energy should be as technological efficient as possible and incentives... more

The global electrical energy consumption is still rising and there is a steady demand to increase the power capacity. The production, distribution and the use of the energy should be as technological efficient as possible and incentives to save energy at the end-user should be set up. The deregulation of energy has lowered the investment in larger power plants, which

The effects of temperature, residence time, and pressure on the degradation of polyethylene (PE) to oil were investigated in supercritical water (SCW) using a 180-mL continuous reactor. The yield of oil product increases with the increase... more

The effects of temperature, residence time, and pressure on the degradation of polyethylene (PE) to oil were investigated in supercritical water (SCW) using a 180-mL continuous reactor. The yield of oil product increases with the increase of temperature, reaching 79% at 530°C, and then decreases as the temperature further increases. The yield of gas product increases from 3% to 22% as the temperature increases from 500°C to 550°C. The product distribution shifts toward shorter chain hydrocarbons with the prolongation of reaction time. Furthermore, the ratio of alkenes to alkanes of products increases with the increase of temperature and pressure, and decreases with increasing reaction time. The effect of pressure on both products’ yield and composition is less significant.