Split Tensile Strength Research Papers (original) (raw)

The main aim of the environmental protection agencies and the government are to seek ways and means to minimize the problems of disposal and health hazards of by-products. Some of the industrial by-products have been successfully used in the construction industry for the production of cement and concrete. Copper slag is one of the materials that is considered as a waste material which could have a promising future in construction industry as partial substitute of either cement or aggregates. Many researchers have already found it possible to use copper slag as a concrete aggregate. But not much research has been carried out concerning durability and corrosion studies of copper slag admixed concrete. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on various corrosion and durability tests on concrete containing copper slag as partial replacement of sand and cement. For this research work, M20 grade concrete was used and the tests were conducted for various proportions of cop...

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- Engineering, Compressive Strength, Civil/Structural Engineering, Copper Slag

Leaving the waste materials to the environment directly can cause environmental problem. Hence the reuse of waste material has been emphasized. Waste can be used to produce new products or can be used as admixtures so that natural resources are used more efficiently and the environment is protected from waste deposits. Marble stone industry generates both solid wastes and stone slurry. This paper focus on the utilization of waste of Marble dust powder in concrete and enhancement of strength of concrete more economically. The Marble dust powder was added in M20 grade of concrete at (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% & 30%) with partial replacement by weight of cement. Water/Cement ratio (0.50) was kept constant, in all the concrete mixes. The concrete samples (cube & cylinder) were tested for compressive strength and split tensile strength after 7 & 28 days of proper curing. The results of the laboratory work showed that replacement of cement with Marble dust powder increases up to 10% for both compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete.

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is becoming a popular choice in concrete industry
dye to ease of placement in congested reinforcements, reduced labor and equipment,
no segregation character and smooth surface. Fly ash has been used in producing SCC
which increases filling and passing ability of concrete. The present study was carried
out to check the optimum dosage of super plasticizer which influence on fresh
properties of self-compacting concrete, the super plasticizers are varied from 0.5% to
1.75%. And also to check the fresh and hardened properties of sisal fiber reinforced
SCC with different percentage of fiber addition. The materials were mixed with 0.25%,
0.5% and 0.75% addition of fiber in M30 mix design and casted in cubes, beams and
cylinders. The obtained specimens were subjected to test the compressive, flexure and
split tensile strength. Compressive, flexure and split tensile strengths of the specimens
were analyzed for 7 and 28 days of curing.

In the construction, the cost of building materials are rising day by day.the use of alternative material is a partial replace of coarse aggregate in solving part of natural aggregate. The various waste materials are used such as coconut shell, cockle shell, periwinkle shell, foundry sand etc. so here in my project I will use coconut shell waste as replacement of coarse aggregate by different percentage for making concrete of different grade like M-20. Concrete made from coconut shell waste as coarse aggregate will be studied for compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength. the percentage replacement will be 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% with natural coarse aggregates and replacement of 10% various size of coconut shell in concrete. the replacement 10% of coconut shell and added coir fibre on high temperature. I will prepare cubes, cylinders, beams and finally slump test, tensile strength test, compressive strength test, split tensile strength test and flexural strength test will be conducted to obtain the results. A large no. of trial mixes are required to select the desired optimum replacement of coarse natural aggregate by coconut shell waste material.

Concrete has occupied an important place in construction industry in the past few decades and it is used widely in all types of constructions ranging from small buildings to large infrastructural dams or reservoirs. It is the most widely used man-made construction material in the construction world. Ever since concrete has been accepted as material for construction, civil engineers have been trying to improve its quality, strength etc., against adverse conditions. The OPC is one of the main ingredients used for the production of concrete. However in the context of increased awareness regarding over exploitation of natural resources to manufacture cement, an eco-friendly technology has to be developed for the effective management of resources. The replacement of natural resources in the manufacture of cement is the present issue in the present construction scenario. With increase in demand of concrete, more and more new methods and new materials are being developed for production of concrete. Hence in the current study an attempt has been made to minimize the cost of cement with concrete mix grades M20 and M30 by studying the mechanical behaviour of these concrete mixes by replacing with advanced mineral admixture such as GGBS in concrete mixes as partial replacement of cement. GGBS is a waste industrial by-product from the blast furnaces used to make iron. Use of GGBS does not only reduce the cost of construction but also helps to reduce the impact on environment by consuming the material generally considered as waste product. Therefore an experimental study is conducted to evaluate the workability and strength characteristics of hardened concrete, by partially replacing the cement by various percentages of GGBS for M20 and M30 grades of concrete at different ages. The mixes were designed using IS Code method. In this project, properties of concrete have been assessed by partially replacing cement with GGBS. The cement has been replaced by GGBS accordingly in the range of 0% (without GGBS), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% by weight of cement for M20 and M30 mix. Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive, split tensile and flexural strength with the conventional concrete.

- by IJSRD Journal
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- Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Workability, Ggbs

The present investigation aims in the study of the properties of concrete in which M-sand is used as a partial and full replacement for natural sand. The use of such materials not only results in conservation of natural resources but also helps in maintaining good environmental conditions. The basic strength properties of concrete were investigated by replacing natural sand by M-sand at replacement levels of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% sand 100% for three different mix proportion of concrete such asM30, M40 and M50. The results revealed that there is20% increase in the compressive strength, 10% increase in split tensile strength and 15% increase in flexural strength of concrete with 60% replacement of M-sand compared with conventional concrete. Hence this research concluded that the optimum percentage replacement of natural sand by M-sand is designated as 60% for the above three grades of concrete.

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) can consume low levels of cement and more
Supplementary cementitious materials. SCC is a viable technique conserves energy
and achieves strength more than conventional concrete.
This work is focused on the fresh and hardened properties of Self-compacting
concrete (SCC) replacing cementitious material by weight with the optimized
percentages of fly ash. Self-compacting concrete mix is designed at water-to-binder
ratio of 0.36 in all mixtures and 497 kg/m3 of binder content with Fly Ash as partial
replacement of cement (30% by weight). Compressive and split tensile strengths at the
age of 7 and 28 days are determined with the use of plastic electronic waste as partial
replacement of fine aggregate up-to 40%. Fresh property i.e., workability of selfcompacting
concrete mixtures is performed with slump flow diameter, V-funnel flow
time and L-box height ratio. The strength values indicate the reduction but satisfying
the design mix criteria up to 30% replacement for sand. Hence Plastic electronic
waste can be easily replaced up to 30% in SCC for good workability and strength.
High Impact Polystyrene aggregate in concrete is the suitable substitute of sand for
waste disposal serving an economic purpose.

The demand of natural sand is quite high as there is an extensive use of concrete in world. This demand is being fulfilled by excessive instream sand mining which causes the degradation of rivers and creating ecological imbalance. Due to this reason, instream sand mining has been banned in most of the river. This retards the progress in construction field. It is needed to investigate the suitable alternative material for sand like stone dust. Stone dust is one of the alternatives of natural sand. It is a waste material and obtained from boulder crusher plants. When it is used in concrete, the problem of dumping is solved. The properties of concrete has been investigated with the partial replacement of natural sand by 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of stone dust. Compressive strength of concrete increases with partial replacement of sand by stone dust increases up to 40% after both 7 days and 28days and beyond 40% starts decreasing. Concrete is known for high compressive strength but is weak in tension. Weak tensile strength of concrete along with its brittle behaviour results in the sudden tensile failure without warning which is not desirable for any construction material for the safety purpose of human life. To compensate this weakness of concrete, polypropylene fibers has been used as a material for reinforcement in concrete. Use of polypropylene fiber also changes mode of failure from brittle to ductile and also reduces crack widths and control the crack width tightly, thus improving durability. It also improves freeze thaw resistance of concrete.

Day by day, the Concrete consumption is increasing world over. Ever increasing cost of Cement, the main ingredient of concrete, is on one side and depletion of natural resources like Lime Stone (to manufacture Cement), Coarse and fine Aggregates on other side over the Globe is compelling to think for alternatives.. Added to this,  60% OPC + 20% Metakaoline + 20% GGBS However, the maximum compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete at 28 days is observed for the mix with OPC replaced by mineral admixtures 20% Fly ash + 20% GGBS @1.0% glass fibers as 9 % and 33% respectively. Replacement shall result about 20 to 25% economy in production of Concrete and retard the rate of global warming as well as the depletion of natural resources.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Compressive Strength, Fly Ash, Workability, Ggbs

This project work involves in an experimental study on the concrete by using stone dust and brick dust on the mechanical properties of the concrete. In this experimental study two types admixtures are used in preparation of concrete mix. Stone dust and brick dust are added from 0% to 25% by weight of fine aggregate with increment of 5%. A comparative analysis has been carried out for conventional concrete to that of the admixture concrete in relation to their compressive, split tensile and flexural strength properties. As the stone dust and brick dust content increases in cement concrete, the compressive and split tensile values are proportionally increasing. It is observed that at 20% of stone dust and brick dust is the optimum dosages for concrete mixture.

- by IJSRD Journal
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- Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Workability, Split Tensile Strength

Abstract: Many countries are witnessing a rapid growth in construction industry which involves use of natural resources for the development of infrastructure. This growth poses a threat to natural resources that are available. Copper slag is considered as waste material and can be used as replacement of fine aggregates. M30 grade of concrete mix with water-cement ratio of 0.45 is used to determine the various mechanical properties. This research work mainly consist of two parts, in the first part, substitution of natural sand partially by copper slag in concrete is done with replacement of 0%, 35%, 40% and 45%. The optimum value obtained for 40% replacement of copper slag. The 28 days average compression strength was observed to increase by about 0.45% - 23.6%, split tensile strength by 16.61% - 34.98% and flexural strength of concrete by 27.78% - 38.89% when compared with control mix. In the second part, the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams with optimum copper slag content is studied. The reinforcement is varied from 0.62% - 0.89% in the flexure zone and the parameters like deflection, surface strain, cracking load, ultimate load and crack width of reinforced concrete beams was experimentally noted and compared with theoretical values as per code is: 456-2000.
Keywords: copper slag, workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, deflection, surface strain, crack width, cracking moment, ultimate moment.
Title: Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams by Replacing Copper Slag as Fine Aggregate
Author: Deepak Gowda. B, Dr. H. B. Balakrishna
International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research
ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)
Research Publish Journals

- by Research Publish Journals
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- Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Workability, Copper Slag

Conventionally concrete is mixture of cement, sand and aggregate. But now a days, natural river sand is hard to obtained and also extraction of sand from river has posed a great threat to environment. Also government has applied restriction on extraction of sand from river. Hence, Scarcity of good quality Natural River sand due to depletion of resources and restriction due to environmental consideration has made concrete manufactures to look for suitable alternative fine aggregate. Manufactured sand is such potential alternative. Though manufactured sand has been in use in concrete manufacturing in India, the percentage of its contribution is still very negligible. A well processed manufactured sand as partial or full replacement to river sand is the need of time as a long term solution in Indian concrete industry until other suitable alternative fine aggregate are developed. This study is carried out on experimental basis to use manufacture sand of Chikhli region of Gujarat state in India. Also, the cost parameter is checked.

Abstract: The utilization of industrial waste produced by industrial processes has been focus of waste reduction research for economical, environmental and technical reasons. GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag) and GBF Slag Sand is one such waste product of the iron manufacturing industry, whose use and production has increased many folds during last decades is used in this experimental work as alternative binder and filler materials for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and River Sand respectively in concrete. M40 grades of concrete was considered for a water content (w/c) 0.4 and slag sand replaced 40% with river sand and GGBS replacements of 0%, 30%, 40%, 50% with cement to investigate the properties of compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength of concrete mix. The strength of cube specimens varied from 39.25N/mm2 to 44.45 N/mm2. The marginal strength of concrete mix (41.14N/mm2) having 40% slag sand and 40% GGBS replacement was considered to cast the reinforced concrete beams. The beams casted were tested for flexure, under two point loading condition. Different structural parameters were investigated.
Keywords: GBFS sand, GGBS, Compressive strength, Flexural strength, Split tensile strength and Flexural strength of RCC beams.
Title: Flexural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beams Replacing GGBS as Cement and Slag Sand as Fine Aggregate
Author: Sagar Patel, Dr. H. B. Balakrishna
International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research
ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)
Research Publish Journals

- by Research Publish Journals
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- Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Gbfs Sand, Ggbs

The present research work has been done to find the best suitable mix on addition and replacement with some other materials possessing similar physical properties as conventional concrete materials. The materials used in this study were Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA), Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibre (PVA). Coarse aggregates were replaced with RCA in varied percentages like 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, whereas cement was replaced fractionally as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% with RHA by weight. PVA fibre has been added to a fixed percentage of 0.25% by weight of concrete. PVA fibre with geometric length of 6mm and aspect ratio of 428 was used. Different destructive and non-destructive testing had been done for 7 days and 28 days. Experiment had shown best results at 50% of RCA and 10% RHA with PVA fibre fulfilling the design requirements for the appliance in construction industry. Further it was seen for higher percentages of RCA and RHA, strength of the concrete start decreasing due to effect in pozzolanic properties of concrete.

This project work involves an experimental and laboratory study of the Polypropylene fibers with two types of admixtures those are Quarry dust and Fly ash on the mechanical properties of the concrete used in the rigid pavement. In this experimental study involves two types of concrete mixes were prepared individually. Polypropylene fiber of 1% to 3% with Quarry dust of 0.1% to 0.3% and Polypropylene fiber of 1% to 4% with Fly ash of 0.1% to 0.4% by weight of cement were added to the mixes. After that a comparative analysis has been carried out for conventional concrete to that of the fiber reinforced in relation to their compressive, split tensile and flexural properties. By the experimental work the compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths are proportionally increased both Polypropylene + Quarry dust and Polypropylene +Fly ash usage. It is observed that the optimum dosages of Polypropylene + Quarry dust is 3% + 0.3% Polypropylene +Fly ash is 4%+ 0.4% by weight of cement. In this project cost analysis is also determined for conventional concrete and fiber reinforced with admixtures individually using experimental test reports. By analyzing the cost it was found that Polypropylene reinforced concrete with quarry dust pavement is economical than Polypropylene reinforced concrete with Fly ash pavement.

- by IJSRD Journal
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- Quarry Dust, Compressive Strength, Fly Ash, Flexural Strength

The by-products obtained from industries such as Silica Fume (SF) and Fly Ash (FA) can be utilized to improve the strength and durability of High-Performance Concrete (HPC). The application of these industrial by-products is becoming common all over the world because of the reduction of their potentially dangerous effects on the environment. This paper investigates the behavior of Silica Fume as a fractional replacement to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) on the parameters such as water permeability, compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural tensile strength of High-Performance Concrete (HPC). HPC mixes with silica fume contents of 0 %, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% and a constant proportion of 10% fly ash was adopted in the trial mixes. Superplasticizer in optimum dosage was added to achieve required workability. Tests were conducted to determine the optimum proportion of Silica fume which yields appreciable Fresh and hardened state properties.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Compressive Strength, Flyash, High Performance Concrete, Flexural Strength

Sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) is generated as a combustion by-product from the
boilers of sugar factories. This work deals with assessing the feasibility of using Sugar
cane bagasse ash (SCBA) as a partial replacement for cement in mortar.
Characterization of SCBA (SEM and chemical composition) demonstrated the high
pozzolanic nature of SCBA. Masonry mortar of grade MM3 was considered for trial
mix. The cement was partially replaced with 10%, 15% and 20% of the SCBA. The
fresh properties of mortar mixes were assessed by conducting flow table test. It was
observed that, flow values decrease with increase in percentage of replacement of
cement by SCBA. The impact of bagasse ash content as a partial replacement of
cement has been investigated on physical and mechanical properties of hardened
mortar including compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength. For
the compressive strength three sizes of cubes and 150x300 mm cylinder were used.
The split tensile strength was determined using the cylindrical specimen of size
150x300mm and the flexural strength of mortar was determined using the specimen of
size 40x40x160 mm. Mortar mix of MM3 grade with compressive strength between 3
and 5 MPa were produced.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Mortar, SCBA

The basic objectives behind using of fibers are to reduce cracking in concrete and to increase its strength. This experimental work was carried out to evaluate mechanical and durability properties of concrete made of 1% sisal fiber and 1% steel fiber for M20 grade concrete. Mechanical properties were studied by performing compression test (150mmÃƒâ€”150mm size cubes), split tensile test (150mm diameter and 300mm length cylinders) and durability properties were studied by performing acid attack test (150mmÃƒâ€”150mm size cubes). Various tests like Compression test and Split tensile test were performed on concrete cubes and concrete cylinders. It was observed that the strength and durability parameters were enhanced by using these fibers.

One of the approaches in improving the durability of concrete is to use blended cement materials such as fly ash, silica fume, slag and more recently, metakaolin. By changing the chemistry and microstructure of concrete, pozzolans reduce the capillary porosity of the cementitious system and make them less permeable to exterior chemical sources as well as reducing the internal chemical incompatilities such as alkali-silica reaction. The concrete industry is known to leave an enormous environmental footprint on Planet Earth. First, there are the sheer volumes of material needed to produce the billions of tons of concrete worldwide each year. Then there are the CO2 emissions caused during the production of Portland cement. Together with the energy requirements, water consumption and generation of construction and demolition waste, these factors contribute to the general appearance that concrete is not particularly environmentally friendly or compatible with the demands of sustainable development. Thus, use of these supplementary cementitious materials can reduce the effects of cement causing severe environmental impact. This study presents the results of different mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural concrete by partially replacing cement with metakaolin and silica fume. The replacement of metakaolin is varied from 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and silica fume from 6%, 8% and 10%. The property of concrete in fresh state that is the workability is also studied during the present investigation. The optimum doses of silica fume and metakaolin in combination were found to be 6% and 15% (by weight) respectively, when used as part replacement of ordinary Portland cement.

Abstract: The rapid rate of growth in population of India has forced the construction industry to use the building materials at a rapid rate, resulting in depletion of natural resources and also has a severe impact on the environment causing many hazards. Due to rapid growth and production, vast quantities of waste are generated in India. This thesis work is focused on making an effort to use copper slag which is an industrial by-product of Sterlite Industries Ltd (SIL), Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India. An experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the effects of replacing fine aggregate by copper slag and steel fibre as an additive on mechanical properties of concrete. The whole study was done in two phases. In the first phase the feasibility of copper slag as fine aggregate was checked by preparing concrete mix of M30 grade and studying the effect of copper slag on mechanical properties of concrete. Optimum replacement percentage of copper slag was obtained as 40%. In the second phase, the properties of concrete with optimum copper slag content and various percentage of steel fibre was studied. The steel fibre reinforcement was varied from 0.50%-1.75% by weight of cement. The two types of steel fibres used are crimped fibre and hooked end fibre. The results showed that the compression strength is highest for 1% steel fibre addition for both hooked end and crimped fibre. The concrete containing the hooked end fibre shows more compressive, tensile and flexural strength compared to concrete containing crimped end fibre.
Keyword: Copper slag, sand replacement, steel fibres, hooked end fibre, crimped fibre, aspect ratio, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength.
Title: STUDY ON STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE BY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY COPPER SLAG
Author: Vimarsh S.P, Basavana Gowda S.N, Dr. Ramesh B.R
International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research
ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)
Research Publish Journals

Compressive and tensile strength are important parameters to know the quality of concrete. In some circumstances, tensile strength is also required to analyze and design a structure. This study represents a method predicting the split tensile strength through the compressive strength (0 to 120 MPa) of cube and cylinder specimens of concrete by polynomial regression analysis. The polynomial equation for 7 and 28 days have been developed for the following two cases: one is for a cylinder and adjusted cylinder any compressive strength (f`c) with w/b ratio ≥ 0.51 or a cylinder and adjusted cylinder compressive strength (f`c) ≤ 20 MPa with any w/b ratio and other is for a cylinder and adjusted cylinder compressive strength (f`c) > 20 MPa with w/b ratio < 0.51. To formulate the model, experimental data have been gathered from various literatures. It is noticed that split tensile strength gaining rate is not so high in 7 days as like as compressive strength. It is also noticed traditional models are less fit in 7 day's strength prediction than 28 day's prediction. The suggested equations are evaluated based on R 2 , RMSE, MAPE, and IAE parameters and compared with other models.

- by Farabi Bin Ahmed and +2
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- Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out to study the effect of aggressive chemical environment on High performance concrete with phosphogypsum in which Ordinary Portland cement is partially replaced by 20% of phosphogypsum by weight and aggressive chemical environment is simulated by subjecting the concrete to different concentrations of Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) in deionised water during mixing and curing. Compressive strengths and split tensile strengths were determined at 7, 28 and 90 days. The results indicate that the compressive strength and split tensile strength decrease with the increase in concentration of Sulphuric acid when compared with concrete without Sulphuric acid in mixing and curing water.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Compressive Strength, Flyash, High Performance Concrete, Flexural Strength

The replacement of natural resources in the manufacture of cement and sand is the present issue in the present construction scenario. Copper slag is an industrial by-product material produced from the process of manufacturing copper. Use of Copper slag does not only reduce the cost of construction but also helps to reduce the impact on environment by consuming the material generally considered as waste product. Hence in the current study an attempt has been made to minimize the cost of cement and sand with concrete mix grade M25 by studying the mechanical behavior of these concrete mixes by partial replacing with advanced mineral admixture such as Copper slag in concrete mixes as partial replacement of cement and sand. In this study, partial replacement of Cement and fine aggregate with Copper Slag considered. Experimental study is conducted to evaluate the workability and strength characteristics of hardened concrete, by partially replacing the cement and sand by various percentages of copper slag for M25 grade of concrete at different ages. The mixes were designed using IS Code method. In this project, properties of concrete have been assessed by partially replacing cement and sand with Copper slag is separately done in two different phase. The cement has been replaced by Copper slag accordingly in the range of 0% (without Copper slag), 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% is one phase and sand has been replaced by Copper slag accordingly in the range of 0% (without Copper slag), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% is second phase by weight of cement for M25 mix. Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive, flexural and split strength with the conventional concrete.

- by IJSRD Journal
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- Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Workability, Copper Slag

This project work involves an experimental investigation of the artificial and natural fibers those are polyester and coconut fibers on the mechanical properties of the concrete used in the rigid pavement. In this experimental study involves two types of concrete mixes were prepared individually. Polyester fiber of 0.5% to 2.0% and coconut fiber of 0.5% to 2.5% by weight of cement were added to the mixes. After that a comparative analysis has been carried out for conventional concrete to that of the fiber reinforced in relation to their compressive, split tensile and flexural properties. In this study the observation shows that, the percentile of fiber content increases from 0%, 0.5%, 1%,1.5% for polyester fiber and 0%,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0% for coconut fiber in concrete mixes. By the experimental work the compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths are proportionally increased both polyester and coconut fiber usage. It is observed that the optimum dosages of polyester fiber is 1.5% and coconut fiber is 2.0% by weight of cement. In this project cost analysis is also determined for conventional concrete and fiber reinforced using experimental test reports. By analyzing the cost it was found that polyester reinforced concrete pavement increases to 49.77% and coconut reinforced concrete pavement decreases to 4.20% when compared to conventional concrete.

Concrete is most widely used construction material in the world. Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is a concrete in which small and discontinuous fibers are dispersed uniformly. The fibers used in FRC may be of different materials like steel, G.I., carbon, glass, aramid, asbestos, polypropylene, jute etc. The addition of these fibers into concrete mass can dramatically increase the compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of concrete. FRC has found many applications in civil engineering field. Based on the laboratory experiment on fiber reinforced concrete (FRC), cube and cylinders specimens have been designed with steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) containing fibers of 0% and 0.5% volume fraction of hook end Steel fibers of 53.85, 50 aspect ratio and alkali resistant glass fibers containing 0% and 0.25% by weight of cement of 12mm cut length were used without admixture. Comparing the result of FRC with plain M20 grade concrete, this paper vali...

This paper reports the effect of high volume of GGBS on the properties of structural concrete. In this study, GGBS is physically and chemically characterized and partially replaced in the ratio of 10% to 90% by weight of cement. The fresh properties of GGBS concrete like slump test and hardened properties like compressive strength, Split tensile strength, Modulus of Elasticity are carried out. In addition to this the carbon foot prints are also calculated and the savings per capita per year is determined for reduction of usage of cement. The test results indicated that fresh and hardened properties of the GGBS concrete increases as the percentage of replacement of GGBS increases up to certain extent.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Compressive Strength, Modulus of Elasticity, Ggbs, Split Tensile Strength

Numerous environmental problems and natural disasters have occurred due to high extraction of natural resources, Now researchers are focused on recycled materials for future developments. Recycled glass could be easily used in concrete, moreover its low cost, availability and simple process makes it eco-friendly and low-cost material that can be significantly applied in the construction industry. Therefore, primary aim of this research is to explore the applicability and adaptability of glass as a recycled material for concrete. Various properties of concrete made from glass coarse aggregates were analysed. A total number of 66 cubes were casted and tested for compressive strength, and 18 cylinders were casted and tested for split tensile strength and slump test was also performed. the results have shown that upto 10% of replacement of Coarse aggregate by RGA will not affect strength of concrete significantly and hence This paper intends to recommend that recycle glass can be used as an alternate coarse aggregate in concrete and will also be beneficial in waste management.

- by IJRASET Publication
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- Concrete, Compressive Strength, Slump, Water Cement Ratio

Concrete is the most essential and utilized material in development. This investigation is carried out to study the feasibility of using locally available artificial sand & Geopolymer sand as partial replacements of sand in concrete. A concrete mix with artificial sand, Geopolymer sand & natural sand with different proportions were studied .The experimentation M40 concrete mix was designed for replacement of geopolymer sand and artificial sand for 10%-40%, 20%-30%, 30%-20%, and 40%-10% respectively and 50% natural sand was remains constant in every mix.

In this study, jute fiber was used as fibrous material in concrete to improve the overall strength. Jute fiber of different lengths and percentages were selected. Three percentages of jute fibers were implemented here, such as 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.5% of the volume of plain concrete. Again, three lengths of jute fiber were selected such as 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm for each percentage to find out the best potential percentage along with length. All these were done to compare the compressive strength and split tensile strength of jute fiber reinforce concrete (JFRC) with plain concrete to find out the best results. Total 30 numbers of cube were prepared for compressive strength tests and 30 numbers of cylinder for split tensile strength tests. They were loaded in 7, 14 and 28 days respectively and the strengths were noted and compared with each other. The cube has shown maximum improvement over compressive strength for 0.25% jute fiber of 10 mm length. The compressive strength was increased by 22.51%, 29.56% and 26.15% for 7, 14, and 28 days respectively compared to plain concrete. The cylinder also has shown maximum enhancement over split tensile strength for 0.25% jute fiber of 10 mm length. The split tensile strength was increased by 14.09%, 26.23% and 25.48% for 7, 14, and 28 days respectively compared to plain concrete. Here, the improvement was little for 0.1% jute fiber compared to 0.25%. However, the strengths has been dramatically reduced for 0.5%.

- by Sajedur Rahman and +1
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- Concrete, Compressive Strength, Plain Concrete, Jute Fiber

This research presents the use of sugarcane bagasse ash to produce high strength in concrete. Cement is replaced with 5% and 15% and 25% by SCBA and 10% silica fume. Present research focuses on CO 2 being used in construction practice. This report summarizes the potential of CO 2 cured concrete when exposed to Sulphates. To verify the durability of concrete, an environment is created for the specimens. In this study the effect of CO 2 curing was checked by dry ice curing and CO 2 gas curing. The concrete samples are cured in water and tested for 28 days, 90days and 120days. The concrete samples are cured in CO 2 and Dry ice for 8hours and they are immersed in 2% Mgso 4 for 28 days, 90days and 120days and tested for mechanical properties. The performance of dry ice and CO 2 cured specimens are compared with specimens cured in water.

This study focuses on the utilization of non-biodegradable plastic waste and bagasse as partial replacement for fine aggregate. Fine aggregate is partially replaced by plastic and bagasse in proportion of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% respectively .We are adding plastic 60% and bagasse 40%. The tests are conducted to study the compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength of concrete for M25 grade and their results are compared with those of conventional concrete. The maximum value is obtained for 7.5% of replacement level.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Bagasse, Plastic waste

The Rice Husk Ash can be used as an alternative material instead of ordinary Portland cement. This technology could reduce the CO2 emission to the atmosphere caused by the cement industries. In the present investigation, a feasibility study is made to use Rice Husk Ash as an admixture to replace Portland cement in Concrete, and an attempt has been made to investigate the strength parameters of concrete (Compressive and Flexural). For control concrete, IS method of mix design is adopted and considering this a basis, mix design for replacement method has been made. Five different replacement levels namely 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% are chosen for the study concern to replacement method with range of curing periods starting from 7days and 28days are considered in the present study. Therefore, this paper aims at experimental study of variation of percentage of rice husk ash with cement for improvement in properties of concrete.

Abstract: The properties of UHPFRC mainly depend on the selection of ingredients with special curing and pre-compression techniques. In this project report, various proportions of materials, curing regimes and materials adopted by many researchers are discussed with special emphasis to the selection of materials as this forms the basis for proportioning of UHPFRC mixtures. The significance of this concrete is that the compressive and flexural strength is 5-10 times greater than the conventional concrete which is an indication of the improved performance of cement matrix interface achieved by various authors. In India very few works have been reported in this field and mass application of these special concretes to practice can be brought about only after rigorous R and D works. Studies were already been done by Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Structural Engineering Centre(CSIR-SERC), Chennai, to develop various UHPFRC mixture proportions by using indigenously available materials and study the properties of these concretes for their application in practice. Currently Concrete with grade 200MPa has already been developed. In this research work the focus has been given to replace the sand with copper slag in the UHPFRC mix. Other ingredients include cement, silica fume, quartz powder, and micro steel fibers.
Keywords: Strengthening of concrete, M60grade, Density, Slump loss, Compressive strength, Split tensile strength, Flexural strength, CM – Control mixture, CWM – Concrete with waste materials, WM – Waste Material.
Title: STRENGTHENING OF ULTRA HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBER REINFORED CONCRETE USING WASTE MATERIALS
Author: G. ASOTHA, Prof. C. MALA
International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research
ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)
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