Sugarcane Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Many studies suggest that sugarcane management practices have negative impact on soil quality, especially on soil organisms, however, information on macroinvertebrate abundance and diversity in conventional sugarcane fields is scarce. This study determined the abundance and diversity of soil macroinvertebrates in sugarcane plantations under 2 types of soils, Cambisol and Fluvisol, with three types of fertilizer management: chemical fertilizer, vinasse and filter mud, and in a secondary forest (on a Cambisol). Sampling was carried out in northern Belize during two crop cycles (from May 2013 to May 2015). Soil macroinvertebrates were collected using monoliths based on Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) Handbook of Methods at the end of the rainy seasons. The parameters evaluated were biomass, density and diversity of soil macroinvertebrates (number of morphospecies, an ecological index for tropical soil quality based on macrofauna, and a converted Shannon index (H_exp)), yield and plant response variables (number of stool, number of stem, number of active leaves, stem length and stem diameter). A total of 7,634 individuals were identified, grouped into 52 morphospecies belonging to 16 orders and three species of annelids. No significant differences existed among management systems (application of chemical fertilizer, vinasse, filter mud and secondary forest) on abundance and diversity of soil macroinvertebrates, yield and plant variables. However, there were significant differences between soils and cycles in some evaluated parameters. Presuming that soil type and seasonal conditions, in a two years trial, had higher weight on determine the studied parameters than the different management systems.

- by and +1
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- Soil Science, Agronomy, Soil Fertility, Sugarcane

Chemical activation was used to prepare a low-cost activated carbon (AC) from an agricultural waste material: sugarcane bagasse. It was used as a green biosorbent for the removal of two cationic dyes from aqueous solutions (Methylene blue (MB) and Malachite Green (MG)). Central composite design (CCD) using response surface methodology (RSM) was applied in this work in order to run a limited number of experiments. The possibility of revealing the interaction of three selected factors: activation temperature, activation time, and chemical impregnation ratios at different levels for the process of preparing the AC were studied. Two-second order quadratic regression models for a yield of AC and capacity of adsorption were developed using JMP Software.The results of the process of optimization were carried out; it showed a good agreement between the predictive response of RSM model and the obtained experimental values with high correlation coefficients (R2) which indicates the efficacy o...

By employing sugar as a social metaphor, whether in narrative foreground or as backdrop, Caribbean writers confronted the oppressive histories and dark human institutions that arose together with the region’s sugar economy. This proto-metaphor of sugar appealed to the legacy of a generational psychology as much as it did to a contemporary public conscience over the social travail that the industry generated.

Resumo Os combustíveis de transporte de baixo carbono são uma das alternativas mais rápidas para reduzir a intensidade de emissões do setor de transporte , antes que a frota, a infraestrutura e a tecnologia mudem de forma mais abrangente. O etanol, por exemplo, é uma solução renovável imediatamente aplicável. Porém como meio ambiente, via de regra, corresponde a uma falha de mercado, o etanol precisa do desenho de políticas públicas de intervenção no domínio econômico que corrijam essas falhas. No Brasil, um dos melhores exemplos atuais disso é o Renovabio política para fomentar os investimentos, aumentar a quantidade de biocombustíveis e criar empregos e cujo principal mecanismo é o Crédito de Descarbonização por Biocombustíveis-CBIO. Além disso será abordada a obrigatoriedade de mistura de etanol na gasolina e novas possibilidades tecnológicas. Palavras chave Etanol, Energias renováveis, RenovaBio, RenovaCalc, CBIO, mistura de etanol na gasolina, carro a bioenergia Abstract Low-carbon transport fuels are one of the fastest alternatives to reduce the intensity of emissions in the transport sector, before the fleet, infrastructure and technology change more broadly. Ethanol, for example, is a renewable energy immediately applicable. However, because the environment corresponds to a market failure, ethanol needs the design of public policies to intervene in the economic domain in order to correct these failures. In Brazil, one of the best examples is the Renovabio policy to encourage investments, increase the quantity of biofuels and create jobs. Its main mechanism is the biofuel decarbonization credit-CBIO. In addition, the mandatory mixing of ethanol in gasoline and new technological possibilities will be also addressed by this short descriptive text.

- by Danielle Denny
- •
- Renewable Energy, Direito Ambiental, Sustentabilidade, Ethanol
- by Welington Martins Ribeiro
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- Brazil, Sugarcane
- by Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues Fernandes
- •
- Coffee, Hymenoptera, Soybean, Sugarcane
- by Niaz Ali and +1
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- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation, Sugarcane
- by Antonio Santamaria
- •
- Economic History, Industrial History, Colonial America, History of Technology
- by Collins Kimbeng
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- Agricultural Biotechnology, Sequence Analysis, Genetic Diversity, Sorghum
- by Fouad Mami
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- Slavery, History of Slavery, Abolition of Slavery, Anti-slavery

From 2012-2014 the Queensland Government delivered an extension project to help sugarcane growers adopt best management practices to reduce pollutant loss to the Great Barrier Reef. Coutts J&R were engaged to measure progress towards the project's engagement, capacity gain and practice change targets. The monitoring and evaluation program comprised a database, post-workshop evaluations and grower and advisor surveys. Coutts J&R conducted an independent phone survey with 97 growers, a subset of the 900 growers engaged in extension activities. Of those surveyed 64% stated they had made practice changes. There was higher (74%) adoption by growers engaged in one-on-one extension than those growers only involved in group-based activities (36%). Overall, the project reported 41% (+/-10%, 95% confidence) of growers engaged made a practice change. The structured monitoring and evaluation program, including independent surveys, was essential to quantify practice change and demonstrate th...

This article aims to investigate the introduction, sustenance and consolidation of bioethanol in Brazil. It presents an analysis of its introductory stage, from the first decades of the 20th century until the early 1970s, when, in a second stage, additional measures allowed for its consolidation and maturity, under the widely known Proalcool. The paper presents a historical reinterpretation of the policies, mechanisms and instruments adopted in both stages, aiming to highlight the economical and political links. It is concluded that the interests of the agrarian elites, operating at the political level, and the fuel supply crisis during Second World War were basic during the first stage, to sustain a productive and logistic capacity and maintain ethanol alive as an automotive fuel. It is also concluded that the launching of Proalcool represented a transition combining the interests of the sugarcane agribusiness, burdened by the drop in sugar prices, and the need to equilibrate the balance of payments due to the oil shocks of the 1970s. Ethanol supply shocks harmed its credibility and its commercial consolidation was only possible through the introduction of flex-fuel vehicles with expectations strongly relying on climate change mitigation actions.

- by Ildo Sauer and +1
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- Renewable Energy Policies, Ethanol, Sugarcane, Brazilian ethanol
- by Daniel Flórez-Orrego and +1
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- Renewable Energy, Energy and exergy based analysis in thermal systems, Exergy Analysis, Sugarcane

The study was carried out to assess the profitability of Sugarcane crop. For this purpose a sample of 75 sugarcane growers in Faisalabad district was taken from randomly selected five villages i.e 15 sugarcane growers from each village. Majority of them (78 %) were small farmers. Average yield of small and medium farmers was 23601 and 25438 kg per acre respectively. Net return of medium farmers was greater (Rs. 13910) than small farmers (Rs. 9315). There was not much difference in cost-benefit ratio of small and medium farmers, which was 2.04 and 2.18 respectively. The average yield per acre of sugarcane crop in Faisalabad was far below and cost of production per acre was higher than other districts of Punjab.

- by Muhammad Khalid Bashir
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- Pakistan, Punjab, Profitability, Faisalabad
- by Josiah Lim
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- Production, Agricultural Economics, Agriculture, Technical efficiency

An edited version of this paper was published in the Philippine Law Journal, Volume 93, No. 2 (April 2020) The Philippines is the 8th largest sugar producing country in the world, but not a major player in the international sugar trade... more

- by Michael Ocampo
- •
- Competition Policy, Sugar industry, Cartels, Sugar

Con el aumento del uso de plaguicidas de forma permanente en los monocultivos extensivos tales como la caña de azúcar, crecen los efectos negativos sobre las poblaciones en los alrededores y sobre el medio ambiente. Con ello, también se ha observado el incremento epidémico de las enfermedades renales crónicas no tradicionales (ERCnt) en la región Centroamericana. Guatemala, como tercer país productor de azúcar a nivel mundial, no presenta una excepción en verse afectado.

- by Katja Winkler
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- Guatemala, Sugar industry, Caña De Azucar, Condiciones Laborales Precarias

APracticing 4R principles of Nutrient Stewardship can help achieve higher productivity and sustainability of sugarcane cultivation.
Right timing of N at ratoon initiation is essential to ensure adequate soil available N, while foliar fertilization and fertigation
proved to be the emerging right methods of fertilizer application for increased productivity of sugarcane.

- by BASAVARAJ PATIL
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- Agronomy, Precision Agriculture, Agriculture, Nutrient Management
- by Beth Robinson
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- Caribbean Literature, Haiti, Contemporary Fiction, Caribbean Slavery

Squash is a type of fruit beverage containing at least 25% fruit juice or pulp and 40-50% total soluble solids, commercially. It also contains about 1.0% acid and 350ppm Sulphur dioxide or 600ppm sodium benzoate. It is diluted before serving. Cane juice is a naturally high energy drink which makes it a healthy alternate to refined sugar added drink. Sugarcane is one of the world's most important sugar crops cultivated in tropical countries like India. Tender coconut is one of the most abundant and naturally occurring resource which is used as food and beverage. The present investigation was carried out to formulate Squash with Sugarcane juice and Coconut water and orange juice, and to evaluate the overall acceptability of squash in prepared three samples comparing with control. We got significant values, the score for colour was found highest in sample B compared with other samples. The score for flavour was found highest in sample B as compared to other samples of Squash. Overall acceptability was observed as highest in sample and is preferred than control. Among different samples of Squash prepared, sample B was more acceptable in terms of its Organoleptic evaluation. The formulated sugarcane Squash is highly preferable to people suffering from urinary infections.

The scope of this paper is to make a feasibility analysis for energy production from sugarcane residues in Peru. Therefore, it is shown the history, methods, current scenario and future prospects of sugarcane plantations related to the ethanol industry and the sugar industry. Bagasse is a mill residue, produced after sugarcane juice which is extracted from the sugarcane. Nowadays this residue is burnt in boilers and this energy is used to generate steam. On the other hand, harvest residues represent a significant part of the energy contained in the sugarcane, but it is left in the field, or worse; burnt before the harvest. On this paper methods for optimizing the energy use are presented. There will also be shown an estimated value of the electricity eneration potential from sugarcane residues.

- by Daniel Marcelo
- •
- Bioenergy, Gasification, Sugarcane, LIMA PERU

Dirt collected with sugarcane is processed and separated from the juice in the sugar factory by filtration equipment for return to the cane fields. New technologies over the past decade have enabled performance improvements to be obtained for this key unit operation. Filter mud product still contains a reasonable amount of sugar and the transportation of high moisture mud product has considerable cost. Australia's traditional approach has been to use Rotary Vacuum Filters for processing and separating mud and other impurities from juice, but in recent years there has been interest in reducing sugar losses and transportation costs through utilisation of new technologies such as Horizontal Bed Filters, Vacuum Belt Press Filters, Membrane Press Filters and Centrifuges. Increasingly, these alternative equipment are being installed in new factories. This chapter describes the general principles of mud filtration theory and mud conditioning followed by a detailed description and review of the various filtration technologies and analysis of the relative merits associated with the equipment.

- by Thomas Rainey
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- Sugar cane, Sugar industry, Sugar Technology, Sugar

Con questo reportage ci inoltriamo all'interno della Repubblica Dominicana per documentare la situazione degli immigrati clandestini haitiani, che lavorano come tagliatori di canna da zucchero. Il dossier è stato realizzato dal nostro... more

- by Raúl Zecca Castel
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- Human Rights, History of Slavery, Haiti, Caribbean Studies

This is an update of Frank Blackburn’s comprehensive
book Sugar-cane, which was published by
Longman in 1984. I was asked to act as the editor in
April 1998, and undertook the task of approaching
several possible collaborators for producing this
edition. By the beginning of the following year I
was fortunate enough to have selected a team to
write about the topics on which they are the recognised
authorities in the world’s sugarcane agroindustry.
The list of authors is as follows:

- by Dody Irawan
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- Sugar cane, Sugar industry, Sugar Technology, Sugar
- by Karen Garvin
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- International Migration, Hawaiian History, Sugarcane
- by Antonio Santamaria
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- Economic History, Colonial America, Colonialism, Puerto Rico

- by Antonio Santamaria
- •
- Economic History, Economics, Cuban Studies, Cuban History

Leaf scald disease is a dangerous plant disease of sugarcane which is caused by the highly infectious bacterium, Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby) Dowson. It has been confirmed to be present in the Philippines though not widely prevalent or distributed within sugarcane growing areas in the country. The emergence of this disease in some isolated sugarcane fields in Negros Occidental in 2014 accompanying the propagation of commercial farms and parent clones in PHILSURIN Breeding Program triggered a considerable interest in the disease including containment and managing its threat. Since sugarcane leaf scald disease is becoming an important concern to the Philippine sugarcane industry due to the changing environmental conditions which can result to the emergence of more disease in susceptible varieties, effective varietal screening and prevention of such disease will become essential in the long run. This paper concentrates on sugarcane leaf scald disease that has the potential to seriously affect productivity. It outlines the institution's initiative to prevent the further spread of the disease in sugarcane growing regions where it still does not occur.

- by Harold Paniza and +2
- •
- Sugarcane, Plant Disease, Plant Pathology

Se estudió de forma general el comportamiento del color en el proceso de producción del azúcar de plantación, los principales precursores de color y otros factores relacionados con la generación de color dentro del proceso de producción de azúcar blanco de sulfitado y azúcar crudo. Se observó la persistencia y variaciones de compuestos fenólicos y aminoácidos en toda la línea de proceso y su incursión a los cristales de azúcar, evidenciando mecanismos de generación de color por etapa de proceso; también se observó una relación directa entre el contenido de los precursores de color y el color del azúcar producido.

- by José Carlos C Arrué and +2
- •
- Sugar cane, Sugar industry, Sugar Technology, Sugar
- by Murilo Peixoto
- •
- Photosynthesis, Bioenergy, C4 Photosynthesis, Bioenergy (Biology)
- by Antonio Santamaria
- •
- Economic History, Colonial America, History of Technology, Comparative History

Vocal del tribunal. Doctorando Arturo Martínez Moya

Una investigación bibliográfica y ensayos de laboratorios han sido realizados para determinar los principales factores que influencian el desarrollo del color durante el almacenamiento del azúcar, centrándose en el azúcar blanco sulfitado. Los resultados concernientes al color, el contenido de aminoácidos, azúcares reductores, flavonoides, sulfitos y temperatura han permitido describir en cierta medida el fenómeno del pardeamiento del azúcar durante el almacenamiento. Se ha observado que la tasa de transferencia de calor entre el interior de una estiba y el exterior es muy bajo, pudiéndose conservar la temperatura a la cual se almacena el azúcar durante un periodo prolongado. Así mismo se ha determinado que la temperatura de almacenamiento es clave para la cinética del pardeamiento del azúcar durante su almacenamiento.

- by José Carlos C Arrué
- •
- Sugar cane, Sugar industry, Sugar Technology, Sugar

“Las pérdidas indeterminadas en cualquier proceso de producción agroindustrial, debe ser tomado muy en cuenta desde todos los niveles de la empresa, grande o pequeña; el descubrirlas a tiempo puede inclusive ser de vital importancia para el crecimiento competitivo de la misma”.
Las cifras, las descripciones de métodos y la información presentada en este libro, han sido cuidadosamente verificadas buscando asegurar un buen nivel de precisión. No obstante, los autores y editores no se hacen responsables por errores de impresión, por planteamientos incorrectos o cualquier otra clase de errores. A las personas que pretendan manipular productos químicos con base a información proveniente de este libro, se les recomienda consultar los documentos originales, al igual que las especificaciones y normativas pertinentes con el fin de evitar posibles riesgos.

The first book published on Red rot of Sugarcane

- by SK Duttamajumder
- •
- Sugarcane, Sugarcane Cultivation, Plant Pathology, Sugarcane Production

Andiko hili ni muhtasari wa utafiti uliofanywa na watafiti kati ya mwaka 2013 na 2014 juu ya wakulima wa nje wa miwa na kipato chao katika maeneo yaliyo karibu na Kampuni ya Sukari ya Kilombero, Tanzania. Hili andiko linakusudia kutoa mrejesho kwa wahojiwa na watu wengine wanaopenda kujua masuala haya, pamoja na wadau wengine na kutoa fursa ya kupashana habari, kutoa malalamiko ya washiriki, na kuwasilisha matokeo ya utafiti na mapendekezo yetu.

- by Rebecca Smalley
- •
- Tanzania, Sugarcane, Utafiti Katika Kiswahili, Outgrowers
- by Elliot Gingold
- •
- Analytical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Sugarcane, Curriculum and Pedagogy

The "white Australia policy" has so far largely been discussed with regard only to its political-ideological perspective. No account was taken of the central problem of racist societalization, i.e. the everyday production and reproduction of "race" as a social relation ("doing race") supported by broad sections of the population.
This comprehensive study of Australian racism and the "white sugar" campaign shows that the latter was only able to achieve success because it was embedded in a widespread "white Australia culture" that found expression in all spheres of life.

- by Stefanie Affeldt
- •
- History, Cultural History, Cultural Studies, Cultural Geography
- by Antonio Santamaria
- •
- Economic History, Economics, Cuban Studies, History of Slavery
- by Antonio Santamaria
- •
- Statistics, Bibliography, Historiography, Cuban Studies

This paper is in two parts. The first analyzes approximately 45 documents obtained from the Archivo General de Puerto Rico by Prof. Robert C. McGreevey, a professor of history at the College of New Jersey. They detail the efforts made by families living in Puerto Rico who were trying to ascertain the whereabouts of their loved ones who were part of the first wave of Puerto Rican workers who let the island seeking better fortunes in the sugar cane fields of Hawaii. The second part focuses on the demographics, economics, and genealogy of Puerto Ricans up to 1972.

- by Daniel M. Lopez
- •
- Diasporas, Immigration, Immigration Studies, Migration
- by Antonio Santamaria
- •
- Economic History, History of Technology, Cuban Studies, Great Depression