Free people of color (original) (raw)

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Les Gens de couleur libres, dans les colonies françaises des Amériques, sous l'Empire colonial français, étaient des gens de couleur Noirs et métis non esclaves.

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dbo:abstract El término negros libres (en francés: Noirs libres), en el contexto de la historia de la esclavitud en las Américas, en un primer momento se refiere específicamente a las personas de ascendencia africana y europea mixta que no eran esclavos. El término fue utilizado sobre todo en las colonias francesas, como Luisiana y los asentamientos en las islas del Caribe, como Saint-Domingue, Guadalupe y Martinica. Esclavos africanos liberados fueron incluidos en el término de Manumisión, pero históricamente se les consideraba como algo distinto de la gente de color libre. En estos territorios y las principales ciudades, en particular Nueva Orleans, y en las ciudades en poder de los españoles, se desarrolló una sustancial tercera clase de personas libres, que comprendía a mestizos principalmente. Estas sociedades coloniales clasificaron a las personas de raza mixta en una variedad de formas, por lo general relacionados con características visibles y con la proporción de ascendencia africana. Las clasificaciones raciales eran numerosas en América Latina. En las Trece colonias colonizadas por los británicos, y más tarde en los Estados Unidos, el término de negro libre se usaba a menudo para cubrir la misma clase de personas: los que eran legalmente libres y visiblemente de ascendencia étnica africana. Incluía a las personas de raza mixta, así como a los esclavos africanos liberados. (es) In the context of the history of slavery in the Americas, free people of color (French: gens de couleur libres; Spanish: gente de color libre) were primarily people of mixed African, European, and Native American descent who were not enslaved. However, the term also applied to people born free who were primarily of black African descent with little mixture. They were a distinct group of free people of color in the French colonies, including Louisiana and in settlements on Caribbean islands, such as Saint-Domingue (Haiti), St. Lucia, Dominica, Guadeloupe, and Martinique. In these territories and major cities, particularly New Orleans, and those cities held by the Spanish, a substantial third class of primarily mixed-race, free people developed. These colonial societies classified mixed-race people in a variety of ways, generally related to visible features and to the proportion of African ancestry. Racial classifications were numerous in Latin America. A freed African slave was known as affranchi (French: "freed"). The term was sometimes meant to include the free people of color, but they considered the term pejorative since they had been born free. The term gens de couleur libres (French: [ʒɑ̃ də kulœʁ libʁ] ("free people of color") was commonly used in France's West Indian colonies prior to the abolition of slavery. It frequently referred to free people of mixed African and European ancestry. In British North America, the term free Negro was often used to cover the same class of people—those who were legally free and visibly of African descent. (en) Les Gens de couleur libres, dans les colonies françaises des Amériques, sous l'Empire colonial français, étaient des gens de couleur Noirs et métis non esclaves. (fr) Gens de couleur libres (Franska: 'Den Fria färgade klassen') eller på spanska gente de color libre, var benämningen för klassen av fria färgade av blandat afrikanskt och europeiskt ursprung i fransk- och spanskspråkiga amerikanska områden under slaveritiden. Frigivna svarta av enbart afrikanskt ursprung inkluderades inte i termen, även om både de och Gens de couleur libres ingick i den vidare termen affranchi. Även i de engelskspråkiga tretton kolonierna, gjorde man på detta sätt en viss skillnad mellan fria färgade, som kallades "Free People of Colour" och en frigiven person av helt afrikanskt ursprung, som i stället kallades för "Free Negro". Termen är främst känd från franska Västindien och i Louisiana i USA (särskilt New Orleans), där en stor klass av detta slag härstammade ur de berömda placagesystemet. Denna term, liksom placagesystemet, föll ur bruk efter slaveriets avskaffande och är alltså en term specifik för slavtiden. (sv) У контексті історії рабства Америки вільні кольорові люди (фр. gens de couleur libres; ісп. gente de color libre) були людьми змішаного африканського, європейського, а іноді і індіанського походження, які не були поневолені. Цей термін виник у французьких колоніях, включаючи Французьку Луїзіану та поселення на Карибських островах, такі як Сан-Домінго (Гаїті), Сент-Люсія, Домініка, Гваделупа та Мартиніка, де склалася окрема група вільних кольорових людей. Звільнені африканські раби були включені в термін , але історично вони вважалися відмінними від вільних темношкірих людей. На цих територіях та великих містах, зокрема Новому Орлеані та тих містах, які належали іспанцям, розвивався значний клас передусім вільних людей змішаної раси. Колоніальні спільноти класифікували людей змішаної раси різними способами, в цілому пов'язаними з зовнішніми ознаками та африканським походженням. Расові класифікації були численними в Латинській Америці. Термін gens de couleur часто застосовувався у західноіндійських колоніях Франції до скасування рабства, де це була коротка форма ens de couleur libres. Він конкретно стосувався вільних людей змішаної раси, насамперед африканських та європейських. У тринадцяти колоніях, розселених англійцями (які згодом стали {{США}}), термін вільний {{негр}} часто використовувався для охоплення одного і того ж класу людей - тих, хто юридично вільний і етнічно африканського походження. (uk)
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dbp:date January 2022 (en)
dbp:reason Which revolution in which country? (en)
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rdfs:comment Les Gens de couleur libres, dans les colonies françaises des Amériques, sous l'Empire colonial français, étaient des gens de couleur Noirs et métis non esclaves. (fr) In the context of the history of slavery in the Americas, free people of color (French: gens de couleur libres; Spanish: gente de color libre) were primarily people of mixed African, European, and Native American descent who were not enslaved. However, the term also applied to people born free who were primarily of black African descent with little mixture. They were a distinct group of free people of color in the French colonies, including Louisiana and in settlements on Caribbean islands, such as Saint-Domingue (Haiti), St. Lucia, Dominica, Guadeloupe, and Martinique. In these territories and major cities, particularly New Orleans, and those cities held by the Spanish, a substantial third class of primarily mixed-race, free people developed. These colonial societies classified mixed-race (en) El término negros libres (en francés: Noirs libres), en el contexto de la historia de la esclavitud en las Américas, en un primer momento se refiere específicamente a las personas de ascendencia africana y europea mixta que no eran esclavos. El término fue utilizado sobre todo en las colonias francesas, como Luisiana y los asentamientos en las islas del Caribe, como Saint-Domingue, Guadalupe y Martinica. Esclavos africanos liberados fueron incluidos en el término de Manumisión, pero históricamente se les consideraba como algo distinto de la gente de color libre. En estos territorios y las principales ciudades, en particular Nueva Orleans, y en las ciudades en poder de los españoles, se desarrolló una sustancial tercera clase de personas libres, que comprendía a mestizos principalmente. Est (es) Gens de couleur libres (Franska: 'Den Fria färgade klassen') eller på spanska gente de color libre, var benämningen för klassen av fria färgade av blandat afrikanskt och europeiskt ursprung i fransk- och spanskspråkiga amerikanska områden under slaveritiden. Denna term, liksom placagesystemet, föll ur bruk efter slaveriets avskaffande och är alltså en term specifik för slavtiden. (sv) У контексті історії рабства Америки вільні кольорові люди (фр. gens de couleur libres; ісп. gente de color libre) були людьми змішаного африканського, європейського, а іноді і індіанського походження, які не були поневолені. Цей термін виник у французьких колоніях, включаючи Французьку Луїзіану та поселення на Карибських островах, такі як Сан-Домінго (Гаїті), Сент-Люсія, Домініка, Гваделупа та Мартиніка, де склалася окрема група вільних кольорових людей. Звільнені африканські раби були включені в термін , але історично вони вважалися відмінними від вільних темношкірих людей. На цих територіях та великих містах, зокрема Новому Орлеані та тих містах, які належали іспанцям, розвивався значний клас передусім вільних людей змішаної раси. Колоніальні спільноти класифікували людей змішаної раси р (uk)
rdfs:label Free people of color (en) Persona de color libre (es) Gens de couleur libres (fr) Gens de couleur libres (sv) Вільні кольорові люди (uk)
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dbr:Music_of_Louisiana dbr:Peter_Durrett dbr:1st_Louisiana_Native_Guard_(Union) dbr:Back-to-Africa_movement dbr:Barbara_Hambly dbr:Brooks_County,_Georgia dbr:Butler_R._Wilson dbr:Adam_Clayton_Powell_Sr. dbr:Aiken_County,_South_Carolina dbr:Toussaint_Louverture dbr:Treatment_of_slaves_in_the_United_States dbr:Tremé dbr:Waccamaw_Siouan_Indians dbr:Ward_Hall_(Georgetown,_Kentucky) dbr:Wassamasaw_Tribe_of_Varnertown_Indians dbr:Wilberforce_University dbr:Will_Marion_Cook dbr:William_C._C._Claiborne dbr:William_Calvin_Chase dbr:William_H._Wisener dbr:William_Johnson_(judge) dbr:William_Madison_McDonald dbr:Wilmington,_North_Carolina dbr:Wilmington_insurrection_of_1898 dbr:James_Phillippo dbr:James_Pitot dbr:Jersey_Dutch_language dbr:Joaquina_Lapinha dbr:John_Coffee dbr:Julia_Williams_(abolitionist) dbr:List_of_African-American_arts_firsts dbr:List_of_African-American_firsts dbr:Logan_family_(historical) dbr:William_Apess dbr:Nix_family dbr:2nd_Louisiana_Native_Guard_Infantry_Regiment dbr:Abigail_Hopper_Gibbons dbr:Abolitionism_in_the_United_States dbr:Acadiana dbr:Adah_Isaacs_Menken dbr:Adam_Clayton_Powell_Jr. dbr:African_Free_School dbr:African_Jackson_Cemetery dbr:African_diaspora dbr:Afro-Caribbean_people dbr:Afro-Dominicans dbr:Afro–Puerto_Ricans dbr:Aiken,_South_Carolina dbr:Alabama dbr:Albany,_Ohio dbr:Albion_W._Tourgée dbr:Alexander_Thomas_Augusta dbr:Alexandre_Pétion dbr:Amelia_Douglas dbr:American_Colonization_Society dbr:Anatole_Broyard dbr:Alabama_Creole_people dbr:Alabama_Fever dbr:Cuba dbr:Curtis_Hooks_Brogden dbr:Curtis_J._Guillory dbr:Dan_Desdunes dbr:Daniel_Clark_(Louisiana_politician) dbr:Daniel_Payne dbr:Danish_West_Indies dbr:East_Hampton_(town),_New_York dbr:Echols_County,_Georgia dbr:Edmond_Dédé dbr:Ernest_Deproge dbr:Etienne_J._Caire dbr:Eugenia_Charles dbr:Everglades dbr:Farmville,_Virginia
is owl:differentFrom of dbr:Free_Negro
is foaf:primaryTopic of wikipedia-en:Free_people_of_color