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James Robinson Planché (* 27. Februar 1796 in Piccadilly, London; † 30. Mai 1880 in Chelsea (London)) war ein britischer Dramatiker und Historiker. Er war einer der bedeutendsten Vertreter des frühen viktorianischen Melodrams. Der Nachkomme nach England geflohener französischer Hugenotten war mit der Theaterschriftstellerin verheiratet. Planché gehörte zu den Gründungsmitgliedern des Garrick Club 1831. Im deutschen Sprachgebiet ist Planché vor allem als Librettist der Oper Oberon von Carl Maria von Weber bekannt. Seine Hauptwerke sind jedoch Beiträge zum englischen Melodrama und zu weiteren populären Theatergattungen wie Extravaganza, Burlesque, Farce und Pantomime. – Aus der Tradition der Londoner Theatergesetzgebung heraus, die den Patent Theatres die Sprechstücke vorbehielt, waren zahlreiche Theatergattungen mit hohem Musik- und Tanzanteil entstanden. Spektakuläre historische sowie märchenhafte Stoffe machten den Hauptteil von Planchés Bühnentexten aus. Berühmt wurde das Melodrama The Vampire (1820), in dem der Vampir durch eine Versenkung im Bühnenboden erscheinen und verschwinden konnte. Seit 1818 lieferte Planché als Hausautor Stücke für das Adelphi Theatre, bis er zu Covent Garden wechselte. Des Weiteren arbeitete er für das Theatre Royal Drury Lane, das und das Theatre Royal Haymarket. 1825 führte er nach französischem Vorbild eine Frühform der Revue in London ein. Planché gehörte zu den Wegbereitern der realistischen Theaterdekorationen in Großbritannien, ähnlich wie die Meininger im deutschen Sprachgebiet. Ebenso beförderte er die Durchsetzung des Urheberrechts für dramatische Werke. In seiner späteren Zeit führte ihn sein Interesse für Theaterkostüme zu ausgedehnten historischen und heraldischen Studien. (de) James Robinson Planché (27 February 1796 – 30 May 1880) was a British dramatist, antiquary and officer of arms. Over a period of approximately 60 years he wrote, adapted, or collaborated on 176 plays in a wide range of genres including extravaganza, farce, comedy, burletta, melodrama and opera. Planché was responsible for introducing historically accurate costume into nineteenth century British theatre, and subsequently became an acknowledged expert on historical costume, publishing a number of works on the topic. Planché's interest in historical costume led to other antiquarian research, including heraldry and genealogy. He was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1829, and was influential in the foundation of the British Archaeological Association in 1843. Appointed Rouge Croix Pursuivant in 1854 and promoted to Somerset Herald in 1866, Planché undertook heraldic and ceremonial duties as a member of the College of Arms. These included proclaiming peace at the end of the Crimean War and investing foreign monarchs with the Order of the Garter. (en) James Robinson Planché est un dramaturge, antiquaire et généalogiste britannique né le 27 février 1796 à Londres et mort le 30 mai 1880 dans la même ville. Sur une période d'environ 60 ans il écrit, adapte ou collabore sur 176 pièces de théâtre de différents genres notamment comédie, mélodrame et opéra. Planché introduit des costumes historiques précis dans les théâtres anglais du XIXe siècle et en conséquence devient un expert sur le sujet publiant de nombreux ouvrages. Son intérêt pour les costumes le conduit à s'intéresser à l'héraldique et à la généalogie. (fr) James Planché, pseudonimo di James Robinson Planché (Londra, 27 febbraio 1796 – Londra, 30 maggio 1880), è stato uno scrittore e drammaturgo inglese. (it) James Robinson Planché, född den 27 februari 1796, död den 30 maj 1880, var en engelsk skriftställare. Planché, som härstammade från en fransk hugenottsläkt, skrev bland annat Lays and legendes of the Rhine (1826), folkdramat Charles the XII (1828; "Carl XII på ön Rügen", 1835) samt flera arbeten i dräktkännedom, bland annat The history of british costume (1834). (sv) |
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James Robinson Planché est un dramaturge, antiquaire et généalogiste britannique né le 27 février 1796 à Londres et mort le 30 mai 1880 dans la même ville. Sur une période d'environ 60 ans il écrit, adapte ou collabore sur 176 pièces de théâtre de différents genres notamment comédie, mélodrame et opéra. Planché introduit des costumes historiques précis dans les théâtres anglais du XIXe siècle et en conséquence devient un expert sur le sujet publiant de nombreux ouvrages. Son intérêt pour les costumes le conduit à s'intéresser à l'héraldique et à la généalogie. (fr) James Planché, pseudonimo di James Robinson Planché (Londra, 27 febbraio 1796 – Londra, 30 maggio 1880), è stato uno scrittore e drammaturgo inglese. (it) James Robinson Planché, född den 27 februari 1796, död den 30 maj 1880, var en engelsk skriftställare. Planché, som härstammade från en fransk hugenottsläkt, skrev bland annat Lays and legendes of the Rhine (1826), folkdramat Charles the XII (1828; "Carl XII på ön Rügen", 1835) samt flera arbeten i dräktkännedom, bland annat The history of british costume (1834). (sv) James Robinson Planché (* 27. Februar 1796 in Piccadilly, London; † 30. Mai 1880 in Chelsea (London)) war ein britischer Dramatiker und Historiker. Er war einer der bedeutendsten Vertreter des frühen viktorianischen Melodrams. Der Nachkomme nach England geflohener französischer Hugenotten war mit der Theaterschriftstellerin verheiratet. Planché gehörte zu den Gründungsmitgliedern des Garrick Club 1831. (de) James Robinson Planché (27 February 1796 – 30 May 1880) was a British dramatist, antiquary and officer of arms. Over a period of approximately 60 years he wrote, adapted, or collaborated on 176 plays in a wide range of genres including extravaganza, farce, comedy, burletta, melodrama and opera. Planché was responsible for introducing historically accurate costume into nineteenth century British theatre, and subsequently became an acknowledged expert on historical costume, publishing a number of works on the topic. (en) |
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