| dbo:abstract |
Charles Mann Cornwallis (Londres, Regne Unit, 31 de desembre de 1738 - Ghazipur, estat d'Uttar Pradesh, 5 d'octubre de 1805) fou un militar britànic. (ca) Charles Cornwallis, 1. markýz Cornwallis, obecně známý též jako Lord Cornwallis (Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, 2nd Earl Cornwallis, 2nd Viscount Brome, 6th Baron Cornwallis of Eye, 6th Baronet Cornwallis of Brome) (31. prosince 1738, Londýn, Anglie – 5. října 1805, , Indie) byl britský generál, politik a diplomat. Od mládí sloužil v armádě, kariéru zahájil za sedmileté války v Německu. Od roku 1762 byl jako hrabě členem Sněmovny lordů. Za války amerických kolonií za nezávislost byl jedním z vrchních velitelů v severní Americe, kde po počátečních úspěších utrpěl porážku u Yorktownu, která znamenala konec britské koloniální nadvlády na území dnešních USA. Přes fiasko v Americe si udržel vliv a později se uplatnil jako generální guvernér Indie (1786–1793), byl povýšen na markýze (1792) a dosáhl hodnosti generála (1793). Později byl členem vlády a v letech 1798–1801 byl místokrálem v Irsku. V roce 1805 byl podruhé jmenován generálním guvernérem v Indii, kde zemřel krátce po příjezdu. (cs) تشارلز كورنواليس (بالإنجليزية: Charles Cornwallis)، الماركيز الأول كورنواليس كيه جي (31 ديسمبر 1738 - 5 أكتوبر 1805) عين فيسكونت بروم (Brome) بين عامي 1753 وعرف ب إيرل كورنواليس بين عامي 1762 و 1792. كان ضابطا في الجيش البريطاني و حاكم مستعمرات. كان من أبرز الجنرالات البريطانيون خلال حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية. أستسلم عام 1781 في معركة يوركتاون لقوة أميركية - فرنسية. شغل كورنواليس لاحقًا منصب الحاكم المدني والعسكري لإيرلندا، إذ ساهم في اعتماد قانون الاتحاد، وخدم بعدها في الهند لفترة قصيرة، حيث ساعد في سن قانون كورنواليس، وفي الوصول إلى التسوية الدائمة للبنغال. وُلد كورنواليس في عائلة من الطبقة الأرستقراطية، وتلقى تعليمه في كلية إيتون وفي جامعة كامبريدج. انضم تشارلز في عام 1757 إلى الجيش، وشهد خلال فترة خدمته حرب السنوات السبع. تحول اسم تشارلز كورنواليس بعد وفاة والده إلى إيرل كورنواليس ودخل مجلس لوردات المملكة المتحدة، وشغل بين عامي 1766 و 1805 منصب عقيد في فوج المشاة الثالث والثلاثين. شهد كورنواليس أيضًا العمليات العسكرية لحرب الاستقلال الأمريكية في عام 1776. ألحق كورنواليس، الناشط في القوات المتقدمة في العديد من الحملات العسكرية، هزيمة محرجة بالجيش الأمريكي في معركة كامدن التي وقعت عام 1780، كما قاد القوات البريطانية عام 1781 في انتصارها البيروسي في معركة دار غيلفورد كورتهاوس ضد الأمريكيين. استسلم كونواليس مع جيشه في يروركتاون في شهر أكتوبر من عام 1781 بعد حملة امتدت عبر الولايات الجنوبية تميزت بنشوء العديد من الخلافات بينه وبين الجنرال السير هنري كلينتون. احتفظ كورنواليس، بالرغم من هذه الهزيمة، بثقة الحكومات البريطانية المتعاقبة، وبقيت حياته المهنية نشطة بعدها. حاز كورنواليس في عام 1786 لقب فارس، وعُين في نفس العام حاكمًا عامًا على الهند وقائد أعلى عليها. قام كورنواليس هناك بالعديد من الإصلاحات العامة داخل شركة الهند الشرقية والأراضي التابعة لها، بما في ذلك إقراره لقانون كورنواليس الذي نُفذ جزء منه لإصلاح عمليات توزيع وتحصيل الضرائب على الأراضي، والذي بات يعرف فيما بعد باسم «التسوية الدائمة». قاد كورنواليس بين عامي 1789 و1792 القوات البريطانية وقوّات الشركة في الحرب الإنحليزية الميسورية الثالثة لهزيمة حاكم مملكة ميسور السلطان تيبو. عُين كورنواليس بعد عودته إلى بريطانيا العظمى في عام 1794 في منصب القائد العام للمعدات الحربية. وعُين في عام 1789 لوردًا ملازمًا وقائدًا أعلى لمملكة أيرلندا حيث أشرف على التصدي للانتفاضة الإيرلندية في عام 1789، والغزو الفرنسي لإيرلندا، وكان له دور كبير في التوصل إلى اتفاق الاتحاد بين بريطانيا العظمى وأيرلندا. أصبح كورنواليس بعد خدمنه في إيرلندا كبير الموقعين البريطانيين على معاهدة أميان في عام 1802. أُعيد فرز كورنواليس في عام 1805 إلى الهند وتوفي هناك بعد فترة قصيرة من وصوله. (ar) Charles Cornwallis, 1. Marquess Cornwallis KG (* 31. Dezember 1738 in Grosvenor Square, London; † 5. Oktober 1805 in Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh) war ein britischer General im Amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg, der später auch als Generalgouverneur von Indien diente. (de) Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as the Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army general and official. In the United States and the United Kingdom, he is best remembered as one of the leading British generals in the American War of Independence. His surrender in 1781 to a combined American and French force at the siege of Yorktown ended significant hostilities in North America. He later served as a civil and military governor in Ireland, where he helped bring about the Act of Union; and in India, where he helped enact the Cornwallis Code and the Permanent Settlement. Born into an aristocratic family and educated at Eton and Cambridge, Cornwallis joined the army in 1757, seeing action in the Seven Years' War. Upon his father's death in 1762 he became Earl Cornwallis and entered the House of Lords. From 1766 until 1805 he was Colonel of the 33rd Regiment of Foot. He next saw military action in 1776 in the American War of Independence. Active in the advance forces of many campaigns, in 1780 he inflicted an embarrassing defeat on the American army at the Battle of Camden. He also commanded British forces in the March 1781 Pyrrhic victory at Guilford Court House. Cornwallis surrendered his army at Yorktown in October 1781 after an extended campaign through the Southern states, marked by disagreements between him and his superior, General Sir Henry Clinton. Despite this defeat, Cornwallis retained the confidence of successive British governments and continued to enjoy an active career. Knighted in 1786, he was in that year appointed to be Governor-General and commander-in-chief in India. There he enacted numerous significant reforms within the East India Company and its territories, including the Cornwallis Code, part of which implemented important land taxation reforms known as the Permanent Settlement. From 1789 to 1792 he led British and Company forces in the Third Anglo-Mysore War to defeat the Mysorean ruler Tipu Sultan. Returning to Britain in 1794, Cornwallis was given the post of Master-General of the Ordnance. In 1798 he was appointed Lord Lieutenant and Commander-in-chief of Ireland, where he oversaw the response to the 1798 Irish Rebellion, including a French invasion of Ireland, and was instrumental in bringing about the Union of Great Britain and Ireland. Following his Irish service, Cornwallis was the chief British signatory to the 1802 Treaty of Amiens and was reappointed to India in 1805. He died in India not long after his arrival. (en) Charles Cornwallis, I. Cornwallis markesa (Londres, 1738ko abenduaren 31a - , 1805eko urriaren 5a) britainiar jenerala izan zen. Eton Collegen eta Cambridgeko Unibertsitatean hezi zen eta 1757an armadan sartu zen. Zazpi Urteko Gerran parte hartu zuen eta 1762an bere aita hil zenean Cornwallis markesa titulua jaso zuen oinordetzan. 1781ean bere armadak errenditu zizkien frantziar eta estatubatuarrei garaitua izan ondoren. 1786an gobernadore nagusi eta komandante buru izendatu zuten Indian. Han erreformak egin zituen Ekialdeko Indietako Britainiar Konpainian eta lurraren gaineko zergetan. 1798an Lord teniente eta Irlandako komandante buru izendatu zuten. 1798ko Irlandako matxinadaren errepresioa eta 1800eko Britainia Handiko eta Irlandako Batasun Agiria gainbegiratu zituen. 1802an sinatu zuen britainiarra izan zen, eta 1805ean Indiara bidali zuten berriro, eta han hil zen. * Datuak: Q164723 * Multimedia: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis (eu) Charles Cornwallis, 1.er marqués de Cornwallis, KG (Grosvenor Square, Londres, 31 de diciembre de 1738 - , Ghazipur, India, 5 de octubre de 1805) fue un militar y gobernador colonial inglés. Es recordado especialmente por su papel en la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos, aunque anteriormente participó en la Guerra de los Siete Años y más tarde también sirvió en la India e Irlanda. (es) Charles Cornwallis, 1er marquis Cornwallis, né le 31 décembre 1738 à Londres (à Grosvenor Square) et décédé le 5 octobre 1805 à Gauspur près de Ghazipur dans le Nord de l'Inde, est un général britannique connu comme commandant des troupes britanniques lors du siège de Yorktown pendant la guerre d'indépendance des États-Unis. Par la suite, il fut gouverneur général de l'Inde (1786 – 1793) et Lord lieutenant d'Irlande (1798 – 1801) avant d'être le principal négociateur britannique du traité d'Amiens (1802). (fr) Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis (31 Desember 1738 – 5 Oktober 1805) adalah seorang jenderal dan gubernur kolonial Britania Raya. Ia terkenal memimpin pasukan Britania dalam Revolusi Amerika. Cornwallis bergerak ke 13 koloni di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1776 untuk mencoba mengendalikan koloni-koloni yang memberontak. Ia berperang dalam Pertempuran Princeton. George Washington memimpin Amerika Serikat dalam pertempuran itu. Kemudian, Cornwallis memimpin angkatan Britania melalui North Carolina dan South Carolina, di mana ia berperang melawan angkatan AS dipimpin Nathanael Greene. Pada bulan Oktober 1781, angkatan Cornwallis menyerah kepada George Washington dalam Pengepungan Yorktown, mengakhiri Revolusi Amerika. Pada tahun 1786 Cornwallis diangkat sebagai Gubernur Jenderal India. * l * b * s (in) 제1대 콘월리스 후작 찰스 콘월리스(Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, 가터 훈장, 추밀원, 1738년 12월 31일 ~ 1805년 10월 5일)는 영국의 육군 장군이자 정치인이다. 전 세계 식민지 총독을 맡았다. 미국과 영국에서는 미국 독립 전쟁 때 영국군을 지휘한 장군의 한 사람으로서 강하게 기억되고 있다. 1781년, 요크타운 전투에서 미국 - 프랑스 연합군에 그가 지휘하는 영국군이 항복한 것이 사실상 종전으로 간주하는 의견도 많지만, 실제로는 그 후에도 2년간은 교전 상태가 계속되었다. 이러한 패배를 경험 했음에도 불구하고 콘월리스는 영국 정부의 신뢰를 잃지 않고 그 활동적인 경력을 계속 쌓았다. 인도에서는 총독을 두 번이나 맡아 영세 통치법을 정한 것으로도 알려져 있다. 아일랜드 총독으로 가톨릭 해방을 주장하며 일으킨 1798년 아일랜드 반란과 프랑스의 아일랜드 침공에 대처했다. 또한 그레이트브리튼 왕국과 아일랜드 왕국의 통합을 완료했다. 1753년부터 1762년까지 브롬 자작(Viscount Brome), 1762년부터 1792년까지 콘월리스 백작(The Earl Cornwallis)으로 알려졌고, 그 후에 후작이 되었다. (ko) Charles Cornwallis, I marchese Cornwallis (Londra, 31 dicembre 1738 – Ghazipur, 5 ottobre 1805), è stato un generale, nobile e governatore coloniale britannico. Ufficiale del British Army preparato e capace, dimostrò buone qualità di comando durante la Guerra d'indipendenza americana dove peraltro, dopo una serie di brillanti vittorie soprattutto negli stati meridionali degli Stati Uniti, finì per essere accerchiato e costretto alla resa a Yorktown il 19 ottobre 1781. Ritornato in patria, mantenne la considerazione del governo e venne inviato in India, dove mostrò notevoli doti di organizzatore e confermò le sue capacità militari guidando con successo nel 1792 la terza guerra del Mysore; trasferito in Irlanda, soffocò la ribellione indipendentista e respinse un tentativo d'invasione francese nel 1798 durante la guerra della seconda coalizione. Cornwallis terminò la sua lunga carriera di amministratore e condottiero militare negoziando nel 1802 la pace di Amiens con il primo console Napoleone Bonaparte e infine ritornando al governo dell'India dove morì nel 1805. (it) 初代コーンウォリス侯爵チャールズ・コーンウォリス（英: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC、1738年12月31日 - 1805年10月5日）は、イギリス軍の将軍であり、世界各地植民地の総督を務めた。アメリカ合衆国とイギリスでは、アメリカ独立戦争の時にイギリス軍を指揮した将軍の一人として強く記憶されている。 1781年、ヨークタウンの戦いでアメリカ・フランス連合軍に、彼の指揮するイギリス軍が降伏したのが事実上の終戦と考えられることが多いが、実際にはその後も2年間は交戦状態が続いた。このような敗北を経験したにも拘わらず、コーンウォリスはイギリス政府の信頼を繋ぎ止め、その活動的な経歴を続けた。インドでは総督を2度務め、永世統治法を定めたことでも知られる。アイルランド総督としてはカトリック解放を主張し、1798年のアイルランド反乱とフランスによるアイルランド侵略に対処した。また、イングランドとアイルランドの統合を進めた。 1753年から1762年まではブローム子爵、1762年から1792年まではコーンウォリス伯爵として知られ、その後に侯爵になった。 (ja) Charles Cornwallis, eerste Markies Cornwallis (Londen, 31 december 1738 – Ghazipur, 5 oktober 1805) was een Britse militair en koloniaal gouverneur. Hij is bekend als Brits generaal in de Amerikaanse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog. Het beleg van Yorktown in 1781, waarbij hij verslagen werd door een Amerikaans-Franse troepenmacht, wordt vaak als einde van die oorlog beschouwd. (nl) Charles Cornwallis (ur. 31 grudnia 1738 w , Londyn, Anglia, zm. 5 października 1805 w Ghazipur, Indie Brytyjskie) – brytyjski polityk, gubernator Indii w latach 1782–1782, 1786–1794 i w 1805 roku. (pl) Чарльз Корнуоллис (англ. Charles Cornwallis, иногда Корнваллис; (31 декабря 1738, Лондон — 5 октября 1805, Гхазипур, в настоящее время штат Уттар-Прадеш, Индия) — британский военный и государственный деятель. Генерал (1793 год). 2-й граф Корнуоллис (1762 год), 1-й маркиз Корнуоллис (1792 год). Старший брат адмирала Уильяма Корнуоллиса. (ru) Charles Cornwallis, 1º Marquês Cornwallis KG (31 de dezembro de 1738 — 5 de outubro de 1805) foi um alto oficial do exército britânico e magistrado colonial. Ele é mais reconhecido nos Estados Unidos e no Reino Unido por seu papel na guerra de independência americana, onde ele comandou os exércitos ingleses durante parte do conflito. Ele se rendeu ao inimigo em 1781 após a fracassada batalha de Yorktown, que encerrou a luta nas Américas. Ele também serviu como governador da Irlanda e da Índia, onde ele instituiu uma série de mudanças legislativas e administrativas. Nascido em uma família aristocrática e educado nas universidades de Eton e Cambridge, Cornwallis se juntou ao exército inglês em 1757, vendo ação na Guerra dos Sete Anos. Após a morte de seu pai, em 1762, ele passou a ser Earl Cornwallis e entrou para a Câmara dos Lordes. Em 1776, ele foi enviado à América para combater a rebelião nas Treze Colônias britânicas. No comando das tropas inglesas, ele conquistou sua vitória mais notória na batalha de Camden em 1780, mas foi forçado a se render em Yorktown em outubro de 1781. Algumas decisões que Cornwallis tomou durante o conflito foram bastante questionadas e controversas. Apesar de sua derrota nos Estados Unidos, Cornwallis ainda tinha a confiança do governo britânico e permaneceu no serviço ativo. Liberto pelos americanos em 1782, foi feito cavaleiro em 1786 e apontado governador-geral da Índia britânica. Ele implementou várias reformas na Companhia Britânica das Índias Orientais e nos territórios, incluindo o chamado "Código de Cornwallis". De 1789 a 1792, ele liderou as forças ingleses na guerra contra o Reino de Mysore e se saiu vitorioso. Em 1794 ele retornou a Inglaterra novamente. Cornwallis foi então feito Mestre-geral de Ordenanças. Em 1798, ele foi apontado para o cargo de governador da Irlanda. Por lá, ele esmagou uma rebelião por parte do povo irlandês, apoiados pelos franceses, e teve participação fundamental na assinatura do chamado 'Ato de União de 1800'. Ele foi, quatro anos mais tarde, o principal oficial inglês que assinou o Tratado de Amiens, e foi então, em 1805, apontado novamente para Governador da Índia. Ele faleceu por lá, no mesmo ano. (pt) Charles Cornwallis, 1:e markis Cornwallis, född 31 december 1738 i Mayfair i London, död 5 oktober 1805 i nuvarande Ghazipur i Uttar Pradesh, Indien, var en brittisk aristokrat, ämbetsman och yrkesmilitär (general) i Storbritanniens armé. (sv) 第一代康沃利斯侯爵查爾斯·康沃利斯，KG，PC（Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis，1738年12月31日－1805年10月5日），又譯康華里和康華利等，英國軍人、殖民地官員及政治家，美國獨立戰爭期間於1778年至1781年出任北美英軍副總司令，任內於1781年10月約克鎮圍城戰役大敗後率大軍投降。戰後他於1786年至1793年出任印度總督、1798年至1801年任愛爾蘭總督、1805年再任印度總督，但同年因病客死當地。 康沃利斯生於貴族之家，早年曾參與七年戰爭，1760年至1762年一度擔任下議院議員。1775年美國獨立戰爭爆發後，他前往北美作戰，1778年起出任北美英軍副總司令，1780年參與攻陷革命軍在南卡羅來納的據點查爾斯頓，其後又奉北美英軍總司令亨利·克林頓爵士之命留守當地，並於同年8月的卡姆登戰役擊潰查爾斯頓的革命軍餘部。然而，他後來在1781年決定率兵轉攻維珍尼亞，結果於同年10月約克鎮圍城戰役大敗後率大軍投降，標誌着英軍在美國獨立戰爭中大勢已去。康沃利斯與克林頓爵士戰後互相將戰敗原因歸咎於對方，使兩人不和關係公開，康沃利斯批評克林頓不發兵救援，而克林頓則反指康沃利斯未經批准擅離南卡羅來納，兩方就此始終爭論不休。 儘管如此，康沃利斯在美國獨立戰爭後繼續獲得政府重用，在第一次出任印度總督任內，他於期間出兵邁索爾王國，1792年戰勝後與蒂普蘇丹媾和，增強英國在印度地區的影響力，另外他又在1793年頒布《》及其中的《》，當中《協議》試圖釐清孟加拉地區的土地業權問題。卸任返國後，康沃利斯在1795年以身份加入內閣，1798年獲任命為愛爾蘭總督，前往當地平息大規模暴亂，其後確保大不列顛王國和愛爾蘭王國平穩地依據《1800年聯合法令》，在1801年1月1日聯結為大不列顛及愛爾蘭聯合王國。卸任愛爾蘭總督後，康沃利斯在1802年代表英國與法國的拿破崙簽訂《亞眠和約》。1805年，他再度獲委任為印度總督，但在同年抵達加爾各答後身體因病不適，未幾病逝印度，遺體於當地安葬。 (zh) |
| dbo:almaMater |
dbr:Clare_College,_Cambridge dbr:Eton_College |
| dbo:award |
dbr:Knight |
| dbo:birthDate |
1738-12-31 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:birthName |
Charles Edward Cornwallis V (en) |
| dbo:birthPlace |
dbr:Mayfair dbr:England dbr:London dbr:Grosvenor_Square dbr:Kingdom_of_Great_Britain |
| dbo:child |
dbr:Charles_Cornwallis,_2nd_Marquess_Cornwallis |
| dbo:deathDate |
1805-10-05 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:deathPlace |
dbr:Benares_State dbr:Uttar_Pradesh dbr:Ghazipur dbr:India |
| dbo:militaryService |
dbr:Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis__MilitaryService__1 |
| dbo:nationality |
dbr:British_people |
| dbo:occupation |
dbr:Official dbr:Officer_(armed_forces) |
| dbo:signature |
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Charles Mann Cornwallis (Londres, Regne Unit, 31 de desembre de 1738 - Ghazipur, estat d'Uttar Pradesh, 5 d'octubre de 1805) fou un militar britànic. (ca) Charles Cornwallis, 1. Marquess Cornwallis KG (* 31. Dezember 1738 in Grosvenor Square, London; † 5. Oktober 1805 in Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh) war ein britischer General im Amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg, der später auch als Generalgouverneur von Indien diente. (de) Charles Cornwallis, 1.er marqués de Cornwallis, KG (Grosvenor Square, Londres, 31 de diciembre de 1738 - , Ghazipur, India, 5 de octubre de 1805) fue un militar y gobernador colonial inglés. Es recordado especialmente por su papel en la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos, aunque anteriormente participó en la Guerra de los Siete Años y más tarde también sirvió en la India e Irlanda. (es) Charles Cornwallis, 1er marquis Cornwallis, né le 31 décembre 1738 à Londres (à Grosvenor Square) et décédé le 5 octobre 1805 à Gauspur près de Ghazipur dans le Nord de l'Inde, est un général britannique connu comme commandant des troupes britanniques lors du siège de Yorktown pendant la guerre d'indépendance des États-Unis. Par la suite, il fut gouverneur général de l'Inde (1786 – 1793) et Lord lieutenant d'Irlande (1798 – 1801) avant d'être le principal négociateur britannique du traité d'Amiens (1802). (fr) 제1대 콘월리스 후작 찰스 콘월리스(Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, 가터 훈장, 추밀원, 1738년 12월 31일 ~ 1805년 10월 5일)는 영국의 육군 장군이자 정치인이다. 전 세계 식민지 총독을 맡았다. 미국과 영국에서는 미국 독립 전쟁 때 영국군을 지휘한 장군의 한 사람으로서 강하게 기억되고 있다. 1781년, 요크타운 전투에서 미국 - 프랑스 연합군에 그가 지휘하는 영국군이 항복한 것이 사실상 종전으로 간주하는 의견도 많지만, 실제로는 그 후에도 2년간은 교전 상태가 계속되었다. 이러한 패배를 경험 했음에도 불구하고 콘월리스는 영국 정부의 신뢰를 잃지 않고 그 활동적인 경력을 계속 쌓았다. 인도에서는 총독을 두 번이나 맡아 영세 통치법을 정한 것으로도 알려져 있다. 아일랜드 총독으로 가톨릭 해방을 주장하며 일으킨 1798년 아일랜드 반란과 프랑스의 아일랜드 침공에 대처했다. 또한 그레이트브리튼 왕국과 아일랜드 왕국의 통합을 완료했다. 1753년부터 1762년까지 브롬 자작(Viscount Brome), 1762년부터 1792년까지 콘월리스 백작(The Earl Cornwallis)으로 알려졌고, 그 후에 후작이 되었다. (ko) 初代コーンウォリス侯爵チャールズ・コーンウォリス（英: Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC、1738年12月31日 - 1805年10月5日）は、イギリス軍の将軍であり、世界各地植民地の総督を務めた。アメリカ合衆国とイギリスでは、アメリカ独立戦争の時にイギリス軍を指揮した将軍の一人として強く記憶されている。 1781年、ヨークタウンの戦いでアメリカ・フランス連合軍に、彼の指揮するイギリス軍が降伏したのが事実上の終戦と考えられることが多いが、実際にはその後も2年間は交戦状態が続いた。このような敗北を経験したにも拘わらず、コーンウォリスはイギリス政府の信頼を繋ぎ止め、その活動的な経歴を続けた。インドでは総督を2度務め、永世統治法を定めたことでも知られる。アイルランド総督としてはカトリック解放を主張し、1798年のアイルランド反乱とフランスによるアイルランド侵略に対処した。また、イングランドとアイルランドの統合を進めた。 1753年から1762年まではブローム子爵、1762年から1792年まではコーンウォリス伯爵として知られ、その後に侯爵になった。 (ja) Charles Cornwallis, eerste Markies Cornwallis (Londen, 31 december 1738 – Ghazipur, 5 oktober 1805) was een Britse militair en koloniaal gouverneur. Hij is bekend als Brits generaal in de Amerikaanse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog. Het beleg van Yorktown in 1781, waarbij hij verslagen werd door een Amerikaans-Franse troepenmacht, wordt vaak als einde van die oorlog beschouwd. (nl) Charles Cornwallis (ur. 31 grudnia 1738 w , Londyn, Anglia, zm. 5 października 1805 w Ghazipur, Indie Brytyjskie) – brytyjski polityk, gubernator Indii w latach 1782–1782, 1786–1794 i w 1805 roku. (pl) Чарльз Корнуоллис (англ. Charles Cornwallis, иногда Корнваллис; (31 декабря 1738, Лондон — 5 октября 1805, Гхазипур, в настоящее время штат Уттар-Прадеш, Индия) — британский военный и государственный деятель. Генерал (1793 год). 2-й граф Корнуоллис (1762 год), 1-й маркиз Корнуоллис (1792 год). Старший брат адмирала Уильяма Корнуоллиса. (ru) Charles Cornwallis, 1:e markis Cornwallis, född 31 december 1738 i Mayfair i London, död 5 oktober 1805 i nuvarande Ghazipur i Uttar Pradesh, Indien, var en brittisk aristokrat, ämbetsman och yrkesmilitär (general) i Storbritanniens armé. (sv) تشارلز كورنواليس (بالإنجليزية: Charles Cornwallis)، الماركيز الأول كورنواليس كيه جي (31 ديسمبر 1738 - 5 أكتوبر 1805) عين فيسكونت بروم (Brome) بين عامي 1753 وعرف ب إيرل كورنواليس بين عامي 1762 و 1792. كان ضابطا في الجيش البريطاني و حاكم مستعمرات. كان من أبرز الجنرالات البريطانيون خلال حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية. أستسلم عام 1781 في معركة يوركتاون لقوة أميركية - فرنسية. شغل كورنواليس لاحقًا منصب الحاكم المدني والعسكري لإيرلندا، إذ ساهم في اعتماد قانون الاتحاد، وخدم بعدها في الهند لفترة قصيرة، حيث ساعد في سن قانون كورنواليس، وفي الوصول إلى التسوية الدائمة للبنغال. (ar) Charles Cornwallis, 1. markýz Cornwallis, obecně známý též jako Lord Cornwallis (Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, 2nd Earl Cornwallis, 2nd Viscount Brome, 6th Baron Cornwallis of Eye, 6th Baronet Cornwallis of Brome) (31. prosince 1738, Londýn, Anglie – 5. října 1805, , Indie) byl britský generál, politik a diplomat. Od mládí sloužil v armádě, kariéru zahájil za sedmileté války v Německu. Od roku 1762 byl jako hrabě členem Sněmovny lordů. Za války amerických kolonií za nezávislost byl jedním z vrchních velitelů v severní Americe, kde po počátečních úspěších utrpěl porážku u Yorktownu, která znamenala konec britské koloniální nadvlády na území dnešních USA. Přes fiasko v Americe si udržel vliv a později se uplatnil jako generální guvernér Indie (1786–1793), byl povýšen na markýz (cs) Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as the Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army general and official. In the United States and the United Kingdom, he is best remembered as one of the leading British generals in the American War of Independence. His surrender in 1781 to a combined American and French force at the siege of Yorktown ended significant hostilities in North America. He later served as a civil and military governor in Ireland, where he helped bring about the Act of Union; and in India, where he helped enact the Cornwallis Code and the Permanent Settlement. (en) Charles Cornwallis, I. Cornwallis markesa (Londres, 1738ko abenduaren 31a - , 1805eko urriaren 5a) britainiar jenerala izan zen. Eton Collegen eta Cambridgeko Unibertsitatean hezi zen eta 1757an armadan sartu zen. Zazpi Urteko Gerran parte hartu zuen eta 1762an bere aita hil zenean Cornwallis markesa titulua jaso zuen oinordetzan. 1781ean bere armadak errenditu zizkien frantziar eta estatubatuarrei garaitua izan ondoren. 1786an gobernadore nagusi eta komandante buru izendatu zuten Indian. Han erreformak egin zituen Ekialdeko Indietako Britainiar Konpainian eta lurraren gaineko zergetan. (eu) Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis (31 Desember 1738 – 5 Oktober 1805) adalah seorang jenderal dan gubernur kolonial Britania Raya. Ia terkenal memimpin pasukan Britania dalam Revolusi Amerika. Pada tahun 1786 Cornwallis diangkat sebagai Gubernur Jenderal India. * l * b * s (in) Charles Cornwallis, I marchese Cornwallis (Londra, 31 dicembre 1738 – Ghazipur, 5 ottobre 1805), è stato un generale, nobile e governatore coloniale britannico. Ufficiale del British Army preparato e capace, dimostrò buone qualità di comando durante la Guerra d'indipendenza americana dove peraltro, dopo una serie di brillanti vittorie soprattutto negli stati meridionali degli Stati Uniti, finì per essere accerchiato e costretto alla resa a Yorktown il 19 ottobre 1781. Ritornato in patria, mantenne la considerazione del governo e venne inviato in India, dove mostrò notevoli doti di organizzatore e confermò le sue capacità militari guidando con successo nel 1792 la terza guerra del Mysore; trasferito in Irlanda, soffocò la ribellione indipendentista e respinse un tentativo d'invasione france (it) Charles Cornwallis, 1º Marquês Cornwallis KG (31 de dezembro de 1738 — 5 de outubro de 1805) foi um alto oficial do exército britânico e magistrado colonial. Ele é mais reconhecido nos Estados Unidos e no Reino Unido por seu papel na guerra de independência americana, onde ele comandou os exércitos ingleses durante parte do conflito. Ele se rendeu ao inimigo em 1781 após a fracassada batalha de Yorktown, que encerrou a luta nas Américas. Ele também serviu como governador da Irlanda e da Índia, onde ele instituiu uma série de mudanças legislativas e administrativas. (pt) 第一代康沃利斯侯爵查爾斯·康沃利斯，KG，PC（Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis，1738年12月31日－1805年10月5日），又譯康華里和康華利等，英國軍人、殖民地官員及政治家，美國獨立戰爭期間於1778年至1781年出任北美英軍副總司令，任內於1781年10月約克鎮圍城戰役大敗後率大軍投降。戰後他於1786年至1793年出任印度總督、1798年至1801年任愛爾蘭總督、1805年再任印度總督，但同年因病客死當地。 康沃利斯生於貴族之家，早年曾參與七年戰爭，1760年至1762年一度擔任下議院議員。1775年美國獨立戰爭爆發後，他前往北美作戰，1778年起出任北美英軍副總司令，1780年參與攻陷革命軍在南卡羅來納的據點查爾斯頓，其後又奉北美英軍總司令亨利·克林頓爵士之命留守當地，並於同年8月的卡姆登戰役擊潰查爾斯頓的革命軍餘部。然而，他後來在1781年決定率兵轉攻維珍尼亞，結果於同年10月約克鎮圍城戰役大敗後率大軍投降，標誌着英軍在美國獨立戰爭中大勢已去。康沃利斯與克林頓爵士戰後互相將戰敗原因歸咎於對方，使兩人不和關係公開，康沃利斯批評克林頓不發兵救援，而克林頓則反指康沃利斯未經批准擅離南卡羅來納，兩方就此始終爭論不休。 (zh) |
| rdfs:label |
تشارلز كورنواليس (ar) Charles Mann Cornwallis (ca) Charles Cornwallis, první markýz Cornwallis (cs) Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis (en) Charles Cornwallis, 1. Marquess Cornwallis (de) Charles Cornwallis (es) Charles Cornwallis (eu) Charles Cornwallis, Marquess Cornwallis Pertama (in) Charles Cornwallis (fr) Charles Cornwallis, I marchese Cornwallis (it) 제1대 콘월리스 후작 찰스 콘월리스 (ko) チャールズ・コーンウォリス (ja) Charles Cornwallis (1. markiz Cornwallis) (pl) Charles Cornwallis (nl) Charles Cornwallis, 1.º Marquês Cornwallis (pt) Корнуоллис, Чарльз (ru) Charles Cornwallis, 1:e markis Cornwallis (sv) 第一代康沃利斯侯爵查爾斯·康沃利斯 (zh) |
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