Newar people (original) (raw)
Névárci jsou domorodí obyvatelé Káthmándského údolí v Nepálu. Podle sčítání lidu z roku 2001 žije v Nepálu 1 245 232 Névárců, což činí 5,48% celkového obyvatelstva a z Névárců to dělá šestou největší etnickou skupinu v zemi. Mateřským jazykem většiny Névárců je névárština, většinou vyznávají hinduismus, v menší míře i buddhismus.
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| dbo:abstract | Névárci jsou domorodí obyvatelé Káthmándského údolí v Nepálu. Podle sčítání lidu z roku 2001 žije v Nepálu 1 245 232 Névárců, což činí 5,48% celkového obyvatelstva a z Névárců to dělá šestou největší etnickou skupinu v zemi. Mateřským jazykem většiny Névárců je névárština, většinou vyznávají hinduismus, v menší míře i buddhismus. (cs) Newar (auf Newari नेवार) ist eine Ethnie in Nepal, die hauptsächlich im Kathmandutal angesiedelt ist. Ursprünglich stellte sie das Personal für diverse Dienste bei wichtigen religiösen Festen der Hauptstadt. Die Newar genießen hohes Ansehen und gehören zu den höheren Strata der nepalesischen Gesellschaft. Newar sprechen die sinotibetische Sprache Newari, die sie Nepal bhasa nennen. (de) La nevaroj (nepale: नेवार) estas la praloĝantoj de la Katmandua valo en Nepalo.Laŭ la nepala popolnombrado de 2001, la 1.245.232 nevaroj estas la sesa plej granda etno, konsistiganta 5,48 elcentojn de la loĝantaro. La ĉefa nevara lingvo, kiu nomiĝas aŭ nevārī (nepale: नेवारी "la nevara") aŭ Nepal Bhasa/nepāl bhāṣā (nepale: नेपाल भाषा "Katmanduvala lingvo"), estas tibetoburma lingvo, kiun 825.458 nevaroj parolas kiel gepatra lingvo. (eo) Newari edo Newa herria (nepal bhasaz नेवार) Nepalgo Katmandu ibarreko zibilizazioaren sortzaileak dira. Aintzinatik bertan bizi izan dira eta etorkinek beren hizkuntza eta ohiturak ikasi izan dituzte. 2001eko zentsoaren arabera 1.245.232 newari daude Nepalen eta horietatik 825.000 pertsonek beren hizkuntza den nepal bhasa hitzegiten dute. Herrialdeko seigarren etnia handiena dira. (eu) Newar (/nɪˈwɑːr/; Newar: नेवार, endonym: Newa; Newar: नेवा, Pracalit script:𑐣𑐾𑐰𑐵𑑅) or Nepami, are the historical inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley and its surrounding areas in Nepal and the creators of its historic heritage and civilisation. Newars form a linguistic and cultural community of primarily Indo-Aryan and Tibeto-Burman ethnicities following Hinduism and Buddhism with Nepal Bhasa as their common language. Newars have developed a division of labour and a sophisticated urban civilisation not seen elsewhere in the Himalayan foothills. Newars have continued their age-old traditions and practices and pride themselves as the true custodians of the religion, culture and civilisation of Nepal. Newars are known for their contributions to culture, art and literature, trade, agriculture and cuisine. Today, they consistently rank as the most economically and socially advanced community of Nepal, according to the annual Human Development Index published by UNDP. Nepal's 2011 census ranks them as the nation's sixth-largest ethnicity/community, with 1,321,933 Newars throughout the country. The Kathmandu Valley and surrounding territories constituted the former Newar kingdom of the Nepal Mandala. Unlike other common-origin ethnic or caste groups of Nepal, the Newars are regarded as an example of a nation community with a relict identity, derived from an ethnically diverse, previously existing polity. Newar community within it consists of various strands of ethnic, racial, caste and religious heterogeneity, as they are the descendants of the diverse group of people that have lived in Nepal Mandala since prehistoric times. Indo-Aryan tribes like the Licchavis, Kosala, and Mallas (N) from respective Indian Mahajanapada (i.e. Licchavis of Vajji, Kosala, and Malla (I)) that arrived at different periods eventually merged with the local native population by adopting their language and customs. These tribes however retained their Vedic culture and brought with them their Sanskritic languages, social structure and Hindu religion, which was assimilated with local cultures and gave rise to the current Newar civilisation. Newar rule in Nepal Mandala ended with its conquest by the Gorkha Kingdom in 1768. (en) El pueblo Newa es un pueblo que vive en el valle de Katmandú en Nepal. Desde épocas antiguas el valle y su zona aledaña han sido conocidos como Nepal Mandala. Los newars han vivido en Nepal Mandala desde tiempos prehistóricos, y los inmigrantes que han llegado en diferentes períodos de su historia se han mezclado con la población local adoptando su lenguaje y costumbres. Los newars son una comunidad lingüística y cultural en su mayor parte tibetanos-birmanos con algunos aportes de etnias indoarias. Los estudiosos han descripto a los Newars como una nación. Existe consenso entre los estudiosos que los Newar prehistóricos estaban originalmente relacionados con el antiguo pueblo . Herramientas de la edad de piedra de Kirat halladas por el Dr. A.Y. Shetenko (Leningrad Institute of Archaeology) se remontan más de 30,000 años, siendo consistentes con herramientas prehistóricas excavadas en el Desierto de Gobi y Yunnan en China. Según el censo oficial del año 2001, en Nepal existe una población de 1,245,232 Newars siendo por su tamaño el sexto grupo étnico, representando al 5.48% de la población. (es) Les Newars (nepalbhasha : नेवा, Newa or Newah, Nepal Bhasa ancien : नेवार Newar, नेवाल Newal) sont les premiers habitants de la vallée de Katmandou au Népal. Ils parlent le néwar (ou néwari), également appelé nepālbhāsha, une langue tonale asiatique du groupe tibéto-birman de la famille des langues sino-tibétaines. Les Newars sont environ 1,2 million d'habitants. Ils sont majoritairement agriculteurs, commerçants et artisans ; depuis ces dernières décennies[Quand ?], l'industrie prend son essor. (fr) 네와르족(네팔어: नेवार)은 네팔의 카트만두 계곡과 인근에 걸친 네팔 만달라(Nepal Mandala) 일대에 거주하는 민족이다. 네팔의 역사적 중심지인 카트만두 계곡에 오랫동안 거주해온 토착 민족으로서, 이들은 스스로를 네팔의 진정한 원주민으로 자부한다. 네와르족 가운데에는 힌두교를 믿는 인구도, 를 믿는 인구도 있으며, 언어는 주로 중국티베트어족 계통의 네와르어를 사용하나 현대에 들어 네팔어 사용자도 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 2001년 네팔의 인구조사에 따르면 네와르족의 수는 124만 5천여 명으로, 이는 네팔 전체 인구의 5.48%이며 네팔에서 여섯 번째로 많은 수를 차지한다. (ko) ネワール族【ネワール語: नेवार、別名: ネワ(नेवा),ネワル,ネパミ、プラカリット･スクリプト体:𑐣𑐾𑐰𑐵𑑅】は、ネパールのカトマンズ盆地とその周辺地域に居住している民族であり、カトマンズ盆地一帯における歴史的遺産と文明を作り上げた。ネワール族は主にインド・アーリア人と、ヒンズー教と仏教を信仰しチベット・ビルマ語派のネワール語(ネパール・バサ語)を共通言語とするであり、独自の言語的･文化的コミュニティを形成している。ネワール族はヒマラヤ山脈麓のどの地域にもみられない分業制度と洗練された都市文化が発展しており、古くからの伝統や儀式を現代まで途切れさせることなく受け継いでいる。ネパール古来の宗教、文化、文明の継承者とも言われており、文化、芸術、文学、貿易、農業、料理への貢献で知られる 。現在、ネワール族は毎年国際連合開発計画が発行する人間開発指数により、一貫してネパールで最も経済的および社会的に進んだコミュニティと認定されている。ネパールの2011 年の国勢調査では、ネパール全土に 1,321,933 人のネワール族がおり、ネパール国内で 6 番目に人口の多い民族とされる。 古代、カトマンズ渓谷とその周辺地域はと呼ばれる古代連合国家を構成する旧ネワール王国であり、ネパール国内におけるほかの民族やカーストグループとは異なり、ネワール族は民族的に多様で、古代に存在した政治体の特性を残す数少ない国家共同体の一例であった。尚且つネワール族は、先史時代からネパール･マンダラに住んでいた多様な民族の子孫である為、他の民族と比べても人種、カースト、宗教等の異質性は群を抜く。それぞれ異なる時代にネワール族と接触した(リッチャヴィ朝)、(コーサラ国)、(マッラ朝)等のインド・アーリア人はネワール族の言語･慣習を受け入れることで最終的に融合していった。しかしこれらの部族はヴェーダ文化を捨てたわけではなく、サンスクリット語、ヴェーダ文化における社会構造、ヒンズー教などをもたらし、これらが人々と共に同化し、現在のネワール文化に繋がった。ネパール･マンダラによる支配は1768年のゴルカ王国の征服によって幕を閉じた。 (ja) I Newa (नेवार - Nevāra), spesso citati con i nomi Newari, Newar e Nevar, sono un'etnia del Nepal. La designazione può essere anche riferita alla lingua da essi parlata, di origine tibeto-birmana e influenze indo-ariane. (it) Newah of Newa (Sanskriet: नेवा) is de inheemse bevolking van de Kathmandu-vallei in Nepal. De Newah is een linguïstische gemeenschap met de Tibeto-Burmaanse etniciteit, ras en geloof, met elkaar verbonden door een gemeenschappelijke taal. De term Newah geldt als een benoeming voor de afstammelingen van de burgers van het middeleeuwse Nepal. (nl) Os Neuaris (ou Newa ou Newar; em nepali: नेवाः; em neuari: नेवाल) são o povo indígena do Vale de Kathmandu no Nepal e os criadores da sua civilização histórica. O vale e território envolvente têm sido conhecidos desde a antiguidade, como Nepal Mandala, com seus limites em constante mutação ao longo da história. (pt) Newarowie (dewanagari नेवारी) – grupa etniczna zamieszkująca nepalską Dolinę Katmandu, posługująca się językiem newarskim. Liczba jej członków wynosi ponad 1 245 000 osób Zamieszkują oni oprócz Nepalu także Bhutan, Indie i Tybet. Główną religią wyznawaną przez Newarów jest hinduizm, choć istnieje także duża grupa wyznawców buddyzmu. (pl) 內瓦爾人是一群位於尼泊爾之加德滿都峽谷的原住民。根據尼泊爾的2001年的人口普查，內瓦爾人的總人口為1,245,232人，是該國的第六大民族，占全國人口的5.48％。 (zh) Нева́рцы или нева́ры — народ, считающийся автохтонным населением долины Катманду в Непале. По данным переписи 2001 года неварцы — шестая по численности народность, насчитывающая 1 245 232 человека или 5,48 % населения страны. Говорят на неварском языке (нева́ри), принадлежащем к тибето-бирманской языковой подсемье сино-тибетской семьи. Число носителей составляет 825 458 человек. (ru) |
| dbo:language | dbr:Nepali_language dbr:Newar_language |
| dbo:populationPlace | dbr:Nepal |
| dbo:related | dbr:Maithils dbr:Pahari_people_(Nepal) dbr:Tibeto-Burman_languages dbr:Indo-Aryan_peoples |
| dbo:religion | dbr:Hinduism dbr:Newar_Buddhism |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/A_Newar_Woman_LACMA_M.91.134.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:totalPopulation | 1622000 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.nepalitimes.com/issue/2007/05/18/Review/13550 https://web.archive.org/web/20070628141710/http:/www.nepaldemocracy.org/ethnicity/nationalities_of_nepal.htm http://www.dauglydevil.com/2008/03/importance-of-wine-in-nepal-culture.html http://www.newah.org/ http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract%3FfromPage=online&aid=5555280 https://web.archive.org/web/20040831090640/http:/kaladarshan.arts.ohio-state.edu/Nepal/nepal.html https://web.archive.org/web/20040924111745/http:/www.jwajalapa.com/ https://web.archive.org/web/20041009221339/http:/www.welcomenepal.com/emuseum.asp https://web.archive.org/web/20050111113710/http:/www.newapost.com.np/vijana.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20110724132503/http:/www.spinybabbler.org/visual_arts/personalities/amar_chitrakar.htm https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/412809/Newar http://www.asianart.com/articles/circle/index.html http://www.himalasia.org/chitrakars.htm http://web.comhem.se/~u18515267/FRS.htm http://www.madhyapur.com.np http://www.newah.org http://www.ppguk.org https://archive.today/20120630221041/http:/web.comhem.se/~u18515267/FRS.htm |
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| dbp:bot | medic (en) |
| dbp:date | January 2018 (en) |
| dbp:group | Newa people (en) |
| dbp:imageCaption | A Newar woman (en) |
| dbp:languages | dbr:Nepali_language dbr:Newar_language |
| dbp:pop | 1622000 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:popplace | Nepal (en) |
| dbp:related | Maithils; Pahadi people; other Indo-Aryan peoples; Tibeto-Burman speakers (en) |
| dbp:religions | Hinduism and Newar Buddhism (en) |
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| dcterms:subject | dbc:Ethnic_groups_in_Bhutan dbc:Hindu_communities dbc:Newar dbc:Buddhist_communities_of_Nepal dbc:Hindu_ethnic_groups dbc:Indigenous_peoples_of_Nepal dbc:Social_groups_of_West_Bengal |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Inhabitants |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing wikidata:Q41710 yago:WikicatSocialGroupsOfWestBengal yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:EthnicGroup107967382 yago:Group100031264 yago:People107942152 yago:WikicatIndigenousPeoplesOfNepal dbo:EthnicGroup yago:SocialGroup107950920 yago:WikicatEthnicGroupsInAsia yago:WikicatEthnicGroupsInBhutan yago:WikicatEthnicGroupsInNepal umbel-rc:CommunityOrganization |
| rdfs:comment | Névárci jsou domorodí obyvatelé Káthmándského údolí v Nepálu. Podle sčítání lidu z roku 2001 žije v Nepálu 1 245 232 Névárců, což činí 5,48% celkového obyvatelstva a z Névárců to dělá šestou největší etnickou skupinu v zemi. Mateřským jazykem většiny Névárců je névárština, většinou vyznávají hinduismus, v menší míře i buddhismus. (cs) Newar (auf Newari नेवार) ist eine Ethnie in Nepal, die hauptsächlich im Kathmandutal angesiedelt ist. Ursprünglich stellte sie das Personal für diverse Dienste bei wichtigen religiösen Festen der Hauptstadt. Die Newar genießen hohes Ansehen und gehören zu den höheren Strata der nepalesischen Gesellschaft. Newar sprechen die sinotibetische Sprache Newari, die sie Nepal bhasa nennen. (de) La nevaroj (nepale: नेवार) estas la praloĝantoj de la Katmandua valo en Nepalo.Laŭ la nepala popolnombrado de 2001, la 1.245.232 nevaroj estas la sesa plej granda etno, konsistiganta 5,48 elcentojn de la loĝantaro. La ĉefa nevara lingvo, kiu nomiĝas aŭ nevārī (nepale: नेवारी "la nevara") aŭ Nepal Bhasa/nepāl bhāṣā (nepale: नेपाल भाषा "Katmanduvala lingvo"), estas tibetoburma lingvo, kiun 825.458 nevaroj parolas kiel gepatra lingvo. (eo) Newari edo Newa herria (nepal bhasaz नेवार) Nepalgo Katmandu ibarreko zibilizazioaren sortzaileak dira. Aintzinatik bertan bizi izan dira eta etorkinek beren hizkuntza eta ohiturak ikasi izan dituzte. 2001eko zentsoaren arabera 1.245.232 newari daude Nepalen eta horietatik 825.000 pertsonek beren hizkuntza den nepal bhasa hitzegiten dute. Herrialdeko seigarren etnia handiena dira. (eu) Les Newars (nepalbhasha : नेवा, Newa or Newah, Nepal Bhasa ancien : नेवार Newar, नेवाल Newal) sont les premiers habitants de la vallée de Katmandou au Népal. Ils parlent le néwar (ou néwari), également appelé nepālbhāsha, une langue tonale asiatique du groupe tibéto-birman de la famille des langues sino-tibétaines. Les Newars sont environ 1,2 million d'habitants. Ils sont majoritairement agriculteurs, commerçants et artisans ; depuis ces dernières décennies[Quand ?], l'industrie prend son essor. (fr) 네와르족(네팔어: नेवार)은 네팔의 카트만두 계곡과 인근에 걸친 네팔 만달라(Nepal Mandala) 일대에 거주하는 민족이다. 네팔의 역사적 중심지인 카트만두 계곡에 오랫동안 거주해온 토착 민족으로서, 이들은 스스로를 네팔의 진정한 원주민으로 자부한다. 네와르족 가운데에는 힌두교를 믿는 인구도, 를 믿는 인구도 있으며, 언어는 주로 중국티베트어족 계통의 네와르어를 사용하나 현대에 들어 네팔어 사용자도 빠르게 증가하고 있다. 2001년 네팔의 인구조사에 따르면 네와르족의 수는 124만 5천여 명으로, 이는 네팔 전체 인구의 5.48%이며 네팔에서 여섯 번째로 많은 수를 차지한다. (ko) I Newa (नेवार - Nevāra), spesso citati con i nomi Newari, Newar e Nevar, sono un'etnia del Nepal. La designazione può essere anche riferita alla lingua da essi parlata, di origine tibeto-birmana e influenze indo-ariane. (it) Newah of Newa (Sanskriet: नेवा) is de inheemse bevolking van de Kathmandu-vallei in Nepal. De Newah is een linguïstische gemeenschap met de Tibeto-Burmaanse etniciteit, ras en geloof, met elkaar verbonden door een gemeenschappelijke taal. De term Newah geldt als een benoeming voor de afstammelingen van de burgers van het middeleeuwse Nepal. (nl) Os Neuaris (ou Newa ou Newar; em nepali: नेवाः; em neuari: नेवाल) são o povo indígena do Vale de Kathmandu no Nepal e os criadores da sua civilização histórica. O vale e território envolvente têm sido conhecidos desde a antiguidade, como Nepal Mandala, com seus limites em constante mutação ao longo da história. (pt) Newarowie (dewanagari नेवारी) – grupa etniczna zamieszkująca nepalską Dolinę Katmandu, posługująca się językiem newarskim. Liczba jej członków wynosi ponad 1 245 000 osób Zamieszkują oni oprócz Nepalu także Bhutan, Indie i Tybet. Główną religią wyznawaną przez Newarów jest hinduizm, choć istnieje także duża grupa wyznawców buddyzmu. (pl) 內瓦爾人是一群位於尼泊爾之加德滿都峽谷的原住民。根據尼泊爾的2001年的人口普查，內瓦爾人的總人口為1,245,232人，是該國的第六大民族，占全國人口的5.48％。 (zh) Нева́рцы или нева́ры — народ, считающийся автохтонным населением долины Катманду в Непале. По данным переписи 2001 года неварцы — шестая по численности народность, насчитывающая 1 245 232 человека или 5,48 % населения страны. Говорят на неварском языке (нева́ри), принадлежащем к тибето-бирманской языковой подсемье сино-тибетской семьи. Число носителей составляет 825 458 человек. (ru) El pueblo Newa es un pueblo que vive en el valle de Katmandú en Nepal. Desde épocas antiguas el valle y su zona aledaña han sido conocidos como Nepal Mandala. Los newars han vivido en Nepal Mandala desde tiempos prehistóricos, y los inmigrantes que han llegado en diferentes períodos de su historia se han mezclado con la población local adoptando su lenguaje y costumbres. Los newars son una comunidad lingüística y cultural en su mayor parte tibetanos-birmanos con algunos aportes de etnias indoarias. Los estudiosos han descripto a los Newars como una nación. (es) Newar (/nɪˈwɑːr/; Newar: नेवार, endonym: Newa; Newar: नेवा, Pracalit script:𑐣𑐾𑐰𑐵𑑅) or Nepami, are the historical inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley and its surrounding areas in Nepal and the creators of its historic heritage and civilisation. Newars form a linguistic and cultural community of primarily Indo-Aryan and Tibeto-Burman ethnicities following Hinduism and Buddhism with Nepal Bhasa as their common language. Newars have developed a division of labour and a sophisticated urban civilisation not seen elsewhere in the Himalayan foothills. Newars have continued their age-old traditions and practices and pride themselves as the true custodians of the religion, culture and civilisation of Nepal. Newars are known for their contributions to culture, art and literature, trade, agricul (en) ネワール族【ネワール語: नेवार、別名: ネワ(नेवा),ネワル,ネパミ、プラカリット･スクリプト体:𑐣𑐾𑐰𑐵𑑅】は、ネパールのカトマンズ盆地とその周辺地域に居住している民族であり、カトマンズ盆地一帯における歴史的遺産と文明を作り上げた。ネワール族は主にインド・アーリア人と、ヒンズー教と仏教を信仰しチベット・ビルマ語派のネワール語(ネパール・バサ語)を共通言語とするであり、独自の言語的･文化的コミュニティを形成している。ネワール族はヒマラヤ山脈麓のどの地域にもみられない分業制度と洗練された都市文化が発展しており、古くからの伝統や儀式を現代まで途切れさせることなく受け継いでいる。ネパール古来の宗教、文化、文明の継承者とも言われており、文化、芸術、文学、貿易、農業、料理への貢献で知られる 。現在、ネワール族は毎年国際連合開発計画が発行する人間開発指数により、一貫してネパールで最も経済的および社会的に進んだコミュニティと認定されている。ネパールの2011 年の国勢調査では、ネパール全土に 1,321,933 人のネワール族がおり、ネパール国内で 6 番目に人口の多い民族とされる。 (ja) |
| rdfs:label | Newar people (en) Névárci (cs) Newar (de) Nevaroj (eo) Pueblo Newa (es) Newari (eu) Newa (it) Newars (fr) 네와르족 (ko) ネワール族 (ja) Newah (nl) Newarowie (pl) Neuaris (pt) Неварцы (ru) 內瓦爾人 (zh) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Kumha_Pyakhan_dance |
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| foaf:name | Newa people (en) |
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