Resolute desk (original) (raw)
결단의 책상(Resolute desk)은 백악관 미국 대통령 집무실에 있는 대통령 전용 책상을 말한다.
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| dbo:abstract | مكتب ريزولوت هو مكتب ضخم من نوع صمم أول مرة في القرن التاسع عشر استخدمه سبعة رؤساء للولايات المتحدة كمكتب تنفيذي في المكتب البيضاوي بالبيت الأبيض. كان المكتب هدية من الملكة فيكتوريا إلى الرئيس رذرفورد هايز عام 1880 وقد تم بناؤه من خشب البلوط الإنجليزي من سفينة استكشاف القطب الشمالي البريطانية . وقد طلب الرئيس فرانكلين روزفلت إضافة باب بختم رئاسي لإخفاء ساقيه. منذ الرئيس هايز استخدم العديد من الرؤساء الاخرين المكتب، باستثناء ليندون جونسون وريتشارد نيكسون وجيرالد فورد، المكتب في مواقع مختلفة من البيت الأبيض. تمت إزالة المكتب من البيت الأبيض مرة واحدة فقط، بعد اغتيال الرئيس جون كينيدي عام 1963، عندما سمح الرئيس ليندون جونسون بالذهاب في معرض متنقل لدى . بعد ذلك تم عرضه في مؤسسة سميثسونيان. أعاد الرئيس جيمي كارتر المكتب إلى المكتب البيضاوي في عام 1977، حيث استخدمه الرئيس رونالد ريغان وبيل كلينتون وجورج دبليو بوش وباراك أوباما ودونالد ترامب. استخدم جورج بوش الأب مكتب C & O في المكتب البيضاوي، لكنه احتفظ بمكتب ريزولوت في البيت الأبيض. (ar) Als Resolute Desk wird der Schreibtisch im Oval Office des Weißen Hauses bezeichnet, da er aus jenem Holz hergestellt ist, das nach dem Abwracken des britischen Polarforschungsschiffs HMS Resolute im Jahre 1879 übrig blieb. Er wurde von William Evenden, einem Schreiner der königlichen Schiffswerft von Chatham, gezimmert. Der Schreibtisch war ein Dankesgeschenk der britischen Königin Victoria und wurde am 23. November 1880 an US-Präsident Rutherford B. Hayes übergeben. Ein zweiter, kleinerer Tisch wurde Henry Grinnells Witwe überreicht. Queen Victoria ließ für sich selbst ebenfalls zwei Schreibtische aus den Planken der Resolute fertigen: einen, welcher identisch ist mit dem des Präsidenten und einen zweiten für ihre private Yacht, die HMY Victoria and Albert II. Dieser Tisch befindet sich in der Sammlung des Royal Naval Museum, Portsmouth. Die HMS Resolute war Teil eines Schiffsverbandes unter dem Kommando von Edward Belcher, um nach Sir John Franklin zu suchen, der bei dem Versuch, die Nordwestpassage nach Asien zu finden, verschollen war. Im Jahre 1855 hatten amerikanische Walfänger die im Polareis stecken gebliebene HMS Resolute geborgen. Daraufhin wurde das Schiff nach einer Reparatur der britischen Krone zurückgegeben. Das Möbelstück wurde seitdem von fast allen nachfolgenden Präsidenten genutzt, mit Ausnahme von Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon und Gerald Ford. Der Resolute Desk stand von 1880 bis 1902 im Büro des Präsidenten im ersten Obergeschoss des Hauptgebäudes, in dem Raum, der heute als „Lincoln Bedroom“ bezeichnet und als Schlafzimmer für hochrangige Gäste verwendet wird. Als der neue Westflügel gebaut und das Präsidentenbüro 1902 dorthin verlegt wurde, blieb der Schreibtisch im privaten Arbeitszimmer des Präsidenten im ersten Obergeschoss des Hauptgebäudes. Präsident Franklin D. Roosevelt ließ zwischen den beiden Fußteilen die Frontplatte mit dem präsidialen Staatswappen anbringen, um den Blick auf seine Beinschienen bzw. seinen Rollstuhl zu verdecken. Unter Präsident Truman wurde das Weiße Haus umfangreich renoviert und der Schreibtisch wurde in den Senderaum im Erdgeschoss des Hauptgebäudes gestellt, von dem aus unter Dwight D. Eisenhower häufig Radio- und Fernsehübertragungen gesendet wurden. Jacqueline Kennedy ließ das Weiße Haus umfangreich sanieren und weitgehend in seinen historischen Zustand zurückversetzen. Sie ließ den Resolute Desk 1961 in das Oval Office im Westflügel schaffen. Weltbekannt wurde er durch eine Fotografie, die John F. Kennedy an dem Schreibtisch zeigt, während sein Sohn John F. Kennedy jr. darunter spielt und aus einer geöffneten Klappe an der Front herausschaut. Nachdem sich Präsident Lyndon B. Johnson für einen anderen Schreibtisch entschieden hatte, wurde der Resolute Desk von 1964 bis 1965 zunächst für eine Wanderausstellung an die Kennedy-Bibliothek und dann von 1966 bis 1977 an die Smithsonian Institution ausgeliehen. Präsident Jimmy Carter ließ ihn 1977 wieder in das Oval Office stellen. Auch Ronald Reagan benutzte ihn, ließ ihn jedoch auf einen eigens angefertigten Sockel stellen, damit er einige Zentimeter höher war. George Bush bevorzugte im Oval Office seinen gewohnten Schreibtisch, den er als Vizepräsident benutzt hatte. Er ließ den Resolute Desk in sein privates Arbeitszimmer im Hauptgebäude schaffen. Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama und Donald J. Trump benutzten den Resolute Desk wieder im Oval Office. Auch Präsident Joe Biden behält die Tradition bei, den Resolute Desk im Oval Office zu nutzen. Es gibt zahlreiche originalgetreue Nachbildungen in Bibliotheken und Museen, etwa im Jimmy Carter Library and Museum; man kann eine solche auch bei einer amerikanischen Firma sowie bei der National Archives and Records Administration bestellen. (de) Le Resolute desk est un grand bureau du XIXe siècle de type partners desk qui sert fréquemment de bureau aux présidents des États-Unis, à la Maison-Blanche dans le bureau ovale. Ce meuble est un cadeau de la reine Victoria au président américain Rutherford B. Hayes en 1880. Il a été construit à partir du bois du navire britannique HMS Resolute. Il est composé d'un grand plateau, avec bord sculpté et dessus recouvert de cuir tendu, reposant sur deux caissons sculptés. Ces caissons, comme dans tout partners desk, abritent des tiroirs sur les deux côtés (un partners desk étant habituellement destiné à être occupé par deux personnes en face à face). Franklin Roosevelt fit rajouter un panneau central sur l'avant. (fr) The Resolute desk, also known as the Hayes desk, is a nineteenth-century partners desk used by several presidents of the United States in the White House as the Oval Office desk, including the five most recent presidents. The desk was a gift from Queen Victoria to President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1880 and was built from the oak timbers of the British Arctic exploration ship HMS Resolute. The 1,300-pound (590-kilogram) desk was created by William Evenden, a skilled joiner at Chatham Dockyard in Kent, probably from a design by Morant, Boyd, & Blanford. HMS Resolute was abandoned in the Arctic waterway Tariyunnuaq in 1854 while searching for Sir John Franklin and his lost expedition. It was found in 1855 floating in Davis Strait by George Henry, an American whaling ship. Resolute was repaired and returned to the United Kingdom as a gesture of goodwill from the United States. The ship was decommissioned in 1879, broken up, and a competition was held to design and build a piece of furniture from its timbers that Queen Victoria could give to the American president. Morant, Boyd, & Blanford won this contest, and this desk was constructed shortly after. Two other furniture pieces were created from the timbers of the Resolute: the Grinnell desk, made for the widow of Henry Grinnell, who spent significant sums of money trying to find Sir John Franklin and his ships; and a table made for Queen Victoria's steam-powered yacht HMY Victoria and Albert. The Resolute desk was received at the White House on November 23, 1880, and shortly thereafter was moved to the second floor. It stayed in the President's Office and President's Study until the White House Reconstruction from 1948 to 1952. After the reconstruction, it was placed in the Broadcast Room where Dwight D. Eisenhower used it during both radio and television broadcasts. Jackie Kennedy rediscovered the desk and had it brought to the Oval Office in 1961. The desk was removed from the White House after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, and went on a traveling exhibition with artifacts of the Kennedy Presidential Library. It was then put on display in the Smithsonian Institution. President Jimmy Carter brought the desk back to the Oval Office in 1977, where it has remained since, save that George H. W. Bush used the C&O desk in the Oval Office but kept the Resolute desk in the White House. The desk has been modified twice. Franklin Roosevelt requested the addition of a door with the presidential seal to conceal his leg braces and a safe, but it was not installed until 1945, after his death. A 2-inch-tall (5.1 cm) plinth was added to the desk in 1961 and replaced in 1986. Many replicas have been made of the Resolute desk. The first was commissioned in 1978 for a permanent display at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library in Boston, Massachusetts, and since then five other presidential libraries and many museums, libraries, tourist attractions, and private homes and offices have acquired copies of the desk. (en) Meja Resolute (bahasa Inggris: Resolute desk) adalah meja kepresidenan di Amerika Serikat yang diletakkan di ruang oval Gedung Putih. Meja ini merupakan hadiah dari Ratu Victoria kepada Presiden Rutherford B. Hayes pada 1880. Meja ini dibuat dari puing-puing kapal penjelajah Inggris, . Presiden Roosevelt memiliki pintu kecil di antara kaki meja untuk mencegah orang-orang melihat kursi rodanya. Banyak presiden yang menggunakan meja ini, dan masing-masing memiliki tempat tersendiri dalam meletakkan meja ini. Namun atas saran Jackie Kennedy meja ini untuk pertama kali diletakkan di Ruang Oval pada tahun 1961 untuk Presiden John F. Kennedy. Meja ini tidak digunakan di Gedung Putih hanya sekali yakni setelah pembunuhan Presiden Kennedy pada tahun 1963, ketika Presiden Johnson membolehkan meja ini dibawa dalam perjalanan eksebisi dengan Perpustakaan Kepresidenan Kennedy. setelah itu meja ini dipajang di Smithsonian Institution. Presiden Jimmy Carter kemudian membawa meja ini kembali ke Ruang Oval, di mana presiden-presiden seperti Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton dan George W. Bush juga menggunakannnya. Sekarang meja ini digunakan oleh Presiden Barack Obama. (in) 결단의 책상(Resolute desk)은 백악관 미국 대통령 집무실에 있는 대통령 전용 책상을 말한다. (ko) La Resolute desk è una grande scrivania del XIX secolo, utilizzata dai presidenti degli Stati Uniti d'America. Si trova all'interno dello Studio Ovale nella Casa Bianca. La scrivania fu donata nel 1880 dalla Regina Vittoria al Presidente Rutherford B. Hayes e fu costruita dal fasciame di legno di quercia della nave britannica HMS Resolute, incagliatasi e abbandonata nel 1854 in una spedizione nei ghiacci dell'Artico e poi recuperata da una baleniera statunitense. (it) Biurko Resolute – biurko prezydenta Stanów Zjednoczonych znajdujące się w Gabinecie Owalnym Białego Domu w Waszyngtonie. Jest to darowizna królowej Wielkiej Brytanii – Wiktorii dla prezydenta Stanów Zjednoczonych Rutherforda Hayesa. Do Białego Domu przywiezione zostało 23 listopada 1880 roku. Mebel wykonany został z dębowego drewna XIX-wiecznego brytyjskiego żaglowca „Resolute”. Waży 160 kilogramów. Na mosiężnej tabliczce widnieje napis: „Biurko wykonane z drewna okrętu zostało ofiarowane przez królową Wielkiej Brytanii prezydentowi Stanów Zjednoczonych dla upamiętnienia szlachetnego i życzliwego gestu, jakim było zwrócenie «Resolute»” Biurko zostało zrobione z okrętu, który utknął w lodowej krze razem z innymi trzema żaglowcami podczas wyprawy poszukującej śladów zaginionej ekspedycji pod dowództwem sir Johna Franklina. Franklin w połowie XIX wieku poszukiwał tzw. przejścia północno-zachodniego między Atlantykiem a Pacyfikiem na północ od Kanady. Okręt znalazł w 1855 kapitan . Rząd Stanów Zjednoczonych odkupił żaglowiec za 40 tysięcy dolarów, odnowił i podarował statek Wielkiej Brytanii. Dwadzieścia lat później, gdy statek był już stary i przeznaczony do likwidacji, uznano, że trzeba wykorzystać drewno w dobrym celu i wymyślono, żeby wykonać cztery dębowe biurka. Biurko, i umieszczona w nim rzekomo tajemnicza skrytka, odgrywa ważną rolę w filmie przygodowym Skarb narodów: Księga tajemnic. * Żaglowiec „Resolute” w grudniu 1856. * Prezydent Jimmy Carter i premier Wielkiej Brytanii Margaret Thatcher odczytują tekst z tabliczki przymocowanej do biurka, grudzień 1979. * Prezydent Barack Obama (z prawej) w swoim gabinecie w marcu 2009. (pl) . Resolute Desk är namnet på ett skrivbord av ek i Vita huset i Washington D.C. som används av USA:s president. Skrivbordet har under de flesta presidenters ämbetstid från 1960-talet och framåt varit placerad i ovala rummet. (sv) A secretária Resolute (em inglês: Resolute desk) é a mesa utilizada pelo Presidente dos Estados Unidos disposta no Salão Oval da Casa Branca. Esta mesa do século XIX foi um presente da Rainha Vitória para o presidente Rutherford B. Hayes em 1880 e foi confeccionada com partes da fragata britânica . Todos os presidentes norte-americanos usaram esta mesa, exceto Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon e Gerald Ford. Durante o governo de George H. W. Bush a Mesa do Resolute foi mudada para a e trazida de volta para o Salão Oval por Bill Clinton. (pt) Стол Резолют (англ. Resolute desk) — стол, используемый президентами США в основном в Овальном кабинете Белого дома. Стол не использовался только при президентах Линдоне Джонсоне, Ричарде Никсоне и Джеральде Форде. По желанию президента Джорджа Буша — старшего стол убрали из Овального кабинета, но уже при Билле Клинтоне стол был возвращён в Овальный кабинет и находится там до сих пор. (ru) 堅毅桌（英語：Resolute desk），是一張制作於十九世紀的書桌，放置在白宮的橢圓形辦公室中，多次被美國總統作為辦公桌使用。 1853年，英國皇家海軍的帆船因搜尋在北冰洋迷航，其後被美國捕鯨船拯救，时任总统富兰克林·皮尔斯决定修复坚毅号，以缓解僵硬的英美关系，美國國會最终通过表决并财政拨款超过40000美元来修复坚毅号，1856年12月12日，坚毅号回到英國。坚毅号退役之後，其船身的木材被打造成為堅毅桌，並在1880年由維多利亞女王致送給美國總統海斯。堅毅桌还复制了四张，分别放在四位前总统的总统图书馆内。 (zh) |
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| dbp:alt | Barack Obama sitting at the ornate Resolute desk in 2009 (en) Front panel of the desk leaning against a gently curving wall (en) the framework of a wooden desk sitting on a workbench (en) carved door on the Grinnell desk featuring an anchor (en) a closeup view of an ornately carved drawer front (en) carved door on the Grinnell desk featuring a lion (en) a man carving a strip of wood with carving tools lined up in front of his workstation (en) Two men carrying the desk top out of the opal office (en) a small carved arch of wood with templates and carving tools around it (en) |
| dbp:caption | Carter in 1978 (en) Assembling the desk structure (en) Carving the frieze (en) Carving the panels (en) Installation of drawers (en) Left door featuring an anchor (en) Obama in 2009 (en) Right door featuring a lion (en) President Barack Obama sitting at the Resolute desk in 2009 (en) The desktop being removed from the Oval Office in 2017 (en) The Front panel of the desk after being disassembled in 2005 (en) |
| dbp:captionAlign | center (en) |
| dbp:date | 1880 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:designer | Kneehole panel designed by Lorenzo Winslow built by Rudolph Bauss (en) William Evenden (en) |
| dbp:footer | Many presidents have been photographed with their feet up on the desk. (en) |
| dbp:header | Disassembly and removal since the Clinton Administration (en) Carvings on the Grinnell desk (en) Construction of the replica Resolute desk for the George W. Bush Presidential Center by Eli Wilner & Company (en) |
| dbp:headerAlign | center (en) |
| dbp:image | Resolute Desk Replica by Eli Wilner & Company 2.jpg (en) Grinnell desk 8 .jpg (en) Grinnell desk 9 .jpg (en) Jimmy Carter ottaa rennosti.jpg (en) Resolute Desk Front Panel removed 2005 .jpg (en) Resolute desk top moved 2017 .jpg (en) Resolute Desk Replica by Eli Wilner & Company 6.jpg (en) Barack Obama talks with aides around the Resolute desk, Feb. 4, 2009.jpg (en) Resolute Desk Replica by Eli Wilner & Company 4.jpg (en) Resolute Desk Replica by Eli Wilner & Company 9.jpg (en) |
| dbp:materials | Oak timbers of (en) |
| dbp:name | Resolute desk (en) |
| dbp:perrow | 2 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:quote | 1320.0 |
| dbp:source | – brass plaque affixed to the desk (en) |
| dbp:style | dbr:Partners_desk |
| dbp:totalWidth | 230 (xsd:integer) 300 (xsd:integer) 400 (xsd:integer) 450 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:width | 500 (xsd:integer) |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Partners |
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| rdfs:comment | 결단의 책상(Resolute desk)은 백악관 미국 대통령 집무실에 있는 대통령 전용 책상을 말한다. (ko) La Resolute desk è una grande scrivania del XIX secolo, utilizzata dai presidenti degli Stati Uniti d'America. Si trova all'interno dello Studio Ovale nella Casa Bianca. La scrivania fu donata nel 1880 dalla Regina Vittoria al Presidente Rutherford B. Hayes e fu costruita dal fasciame di legno di quercia della nave britannica HMS Resolute, incagliatasi e abbandonata nel 1854 in una spedizione nei ghiacci dell'Artico e poi recuperata da una baleniera statunitense. (it) . Resolute Desk är namnet på ett skrivbord av ek i Vita huset i Washington D.C. som används av USA:s president. Skrivbordet har under de flesta presidenters ämbetstid från 1960-talet och framåt varit placerad i ovala rummet. (sv) A secretária Resolute (em inglês: Resolute desk) é a mesa utilizada pelo Presidente dos Estados Unidos disposta no Salão Oval da Casa Branca. Esta mesa do século XIX foi um presente da Rainha Vitória para o presidente Rutherford B. Hayes em 1880 e foi confeccionada com partes da fragata britânica . Todos os presidentes norte-americanos usaram esta mesa, exceto Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon e Gerald Ford. Durante o governo de George H. W. Bush a Mesa do Resolute foi mudada para a e trazida de volta para o Salão Oval por Bill Clinton. (pt) Стол Резолют (англ. Resolute desk) — стол, используемый президентами США в основном в Овальном кабинете Белого дома. Стол не использовался только при президентах Линдоне Джонсоне, Ричарде Никсоне и Джеральде Форде. По желанию президента Джорджа Буша — старшего стол убрали из Овального кабинета, но уже при Билле Клинтоне стол был возвращён в Овальный кабинет и находится там до сих пор. (ru) 堅毅桌（英語：Resolute desk），是一張制作於十九世紀的書桌，放置在白宮的橢圓形辦公室中，多次被美國總統作為辦公桌使用。 1853年，英國皇家海軍的帆船因搜尋在北冰洋迷航，其後被美國捕鯨船拯救，时任总统富兰克林·皮尔斯决定修复坚毅号，以缓解僵硬的英美关系，美國國會最终通过表决并财政拨款超过40000美元来修复坚毅号，1856年12月12日，坚毅号回到英國。坚毅号退役之後，其船身的木材被打造成為堅毅桌，並在1880年由維多利亞女王致送給美國總統海斯。堅毅桌还复制了四张，分别放在四位前总统的总统图书馆内。 (zh) مكتب ريزولوت هو مكتب ضخم من نوع صمم أول مرة في القرن التاسع عشر استخدمه سبعة رؤساء للولايات المتحدة كمكتب تنفيذي في المكتب البيضاوي بالبيت الأبيض. كان المكتب هدية من الملكة فيكتوريا إلى الرئيس رذرفورد هايز عام 1880 وقد تم بناؤه من خشب البلوط الإنجليزي من سفينة استكشاف القطب الشمالي البريطانية . وقد طلب الرئيس فرانكلين روزفلت إضافة باب بختم رئاسي لإخفاء ساقيه. منذ الرئيس هايز استخدم العديد من الرؤساء الاخرين المكتب، باستثناء ليندون جونسون وريتشارد نيكسون وجيرالد فورد، المكتب في مواقع مختلفة من البيت الأبيض. (ar) Als Resolute Desk wird der Schreibtisch im Oval Office des Weißen Hauses bezeichnet, da er aus jenem Holz hergestellt ist, das nach dem Abwracken des britischen Polarforschungsschiffs HMS Resolute im Jahre 1879 übrig blieb. Er wurde von William Evenden, einem Schreiner der königlichen Schiffswerft von Chatham, gezimmert. Das Möbelstück wurde seitdem von fast allen nachfolgenden Präsidenten genutzt, mit Ausnahme von Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon und Gerald Ford. (de) Le Resolute desk est un grand bureau du XIXe siècle de type partners desk qui sert fréquemment de bureau aux présidents des États-Unis, à la Maison-Blanche dans le bureau ovale. Ce meuble est un cadeau de la reine Victoria au président américain Rutherford B. Hayes en 1880. Il a été construit à partir du bois du navire britannique HMS Resolute. (fr) Meja Resolute (bahasa Inggris: Resolute desk) adalah meja kepresidenan di Amerika Serikat yang diletakkan di ruang oval Gedung Putih. Meja ini merupakan hadiah dari Ratu Victoria kepada Presiden Rutherford B. Hayes pada 1880. Meja ini dibuat dari puing-puing kapal penjelajah Inggris, . Presiden Roosevelt memiliki pintu kecil di antara kaki meja untuk mencegah orang-orang melihat kursi rodanya. Banyak presiden yang menggunakan meja ini, dan masing-masing memiliki tempat tersendiri dalam meletakkan meja ini. Namun atas saran Jackie Kennedy meja ini untuk pertama kali diletakkan di Ruang Oval pada tahun 1961 untuk Presiden John F. Kennedy. Meja ini tidak digunakan di Gedung Putih hanya sekali yakni setelah pembunuhan Presiden Kennedy pada tahun 1963, ketika Presiden Johnson membolehkan meja i (in) The Resolute desk, also known as the Hayes desk, is a nineteenth-century partners desk used by several presidents of the United States in the White House as the Oval Office desk, including the five most recent presidents. The desk was a gift from Queen Victoria to President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1880 and was built from the oak timbers of the British Arctic exploration ship HMS Resolute. The 1,300-pound (590-kilogram) desk was created by William Evenden, a skilled joiner at Chatham Dockyard in Kent, probably from a design by Morant, Boyd, & Blanford. (en) Biurko Resolute – biurko prezydenta Stanów Zjednoczonych znajdujące się w Gabinecie Owalnym Białego Domu w Waszyngtonie. Jest to darowizna królowej Wielkiej Brytanii – Wiktorii dla prezydenta Stanów Zjednoczonych Rutherforda Hayesa. Do Białego Domu przywiezione zostało 23 listopada 1880 roku. Mebel wykonany został z dębowego drewna XIX-wiecznego brytyjskiego żaglowca „Resolute”. Waży 160 kilogramów. Na mosiężnej tabliczce widnieje napis: Biurko, i umieszczona w nim rzekomo tajemnicza skrytka, odgrywa ważną rolę w filmie przygodowym Skarb narodów: Księga tajemnic. * * * (pl) |
| rdfs:label | مكتب ريزولوت (ar) Resolute Desk (de) Meja Resolute (in) Resolute desk (it) Resolute desk (fr) 결단의 책상 (ko) Biurko Resolute (pl) Resolute desk (en) Mesa do Resolute (pt) Резолют (стол) (ru) Resolute Desk (sv) 堅毅桌 (zh) |
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