in'‑ - Weblio 英和・和英辞典 (original) (raw)

単語を追加

覚え方		空間内にinは目的語を入れ物のような空間の中にとらえていることのしるしである．物理的な空間内を表すのが基本だが，in love（恋をしている）では感情を，in 2010（2010年に）では時間を入れ物のように見立てている

発音記号・読み方

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IN

In

in

in.

in‐１

in‐２

‐in２

音節 ‐in(e) 発音記号・読み方 /iːn, ɪn/

自然科学と技術のほかの用語一覧

化学

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• In
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in

「in」は「～の中に」「流行の」「力のある立場」などの意味を持つ英単語である。

「in」とは・「in」の意味

前置詞：～の中に、～において、～に向かって、～中に、～以内に、～に対して、〜を身につけて
副詞：中に、内部に、家に、事務所に、流行して
形容詞：流行の、在職の、内部の
名詞：力のある立場、現職者

inの用法

前置詞

～の中に、～において、～に向かって、～中に、～以内に、～に対して、〜を身につけて

「in」が前置詞として使われる場合、場所や時間、状態などを示す。具体的な例を以下に示す。

・例文
1. She is in the room.（彼女は部屋の中にいる。）
2. The meeting will be held in the afternoon.（会議は午後に開催される。）
3. He finished the task in an hour.（彼は1時間以内にその仕事を終えた。）
4. They were in agreement.（彼らは意見が一致していた。）
5. She walked in the rain.（彼女は雨の中を歩いた。）

副詞

中に、内部に、家に、事務所に、流行して

「in」が副詞として使われる場合、場所や状態の内部を示す。具体的な例を以下に示す。

・例文
1. Come in.（入ってきて。）
2. The documents are in.（書類が事務所に届いている。）
3. Is he in?（彼は家にいますか？）
4. Skinny jeans are in right now.（スキニージーンズが今流行っている。）
5. Keep it in.（それを内部に保って。）

形容詞

流行の、在職の、内部の

「in」が形容詞として使われる場合、流行していることや、職に就いていること、または内部に関連することを示す。具体的な例を以下に示す。

・例文
1. She always wears in styles.（彼女はいつも流行の服を着ている。）
2. The in president is planning several reforms.（現職の大統領はいくつかの改革を計画している。）
3. He has in knowledge of the system.（彼はそのシステムの内部知識を持っている。）
4. That is the in thing to do.（それが流行のことだ。）
5. The in employees were given a bonus.（在職の従業員にはボーナスが与えられた。）

名詞

力のある立場、現職者

「in」が名詞として使われる場合、権力を持つ立場や現職者を指す。具体的な例を以下に示す。

・例文
1. He is one of the ins in the government.（彼は政府内の権力者の一人だ。）
2. The ins have the advantage in the upcoming election.（現職者は今度の選挙で有利だ。）
3. She is fighting to stay an in.（彼女は現職者であり続けるために戦っている。）
4. The ins and outs of the situation are complex.（その状況の内部と外部は複雑だ。）
5. As an in, he has access to confidential information.（現職者として、彼は機密情報にアクセスできる。）

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in

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ＩＮ

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IN

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In

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IN

IN

IN

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IN (Indiana)

IN (Institute of Navigation)

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In

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in

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In

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IN

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In

Weblio専門用語対訳辞書はプログラムで機械的に意味や英語表現を生成しているため、不適切な項目が含まれていることもあります。ご了承くださいませ。

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In

in

に対する, に對する, に於いて, に於て, 経てば, に於ける, 裏, 裡, ん, 於ける, 乍ら, ナウい, ナウ, 内, 中, 裡, 裏, 家, 內, に付け, にて, にして, での, にあっては, には, で, セーフ, 下, 許, に, 中, では, 於いて, 於て, 於, に付けて, ＩＮ, にゃ

in

Weblio英和対訳辞書はプログラムで機械的に意味や英語表現を生成しているため、不適切な項目が含まれていることもあります。ご了承くださいませ。

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-in'

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/23 01:58 UTC 版)

使用する際の注意点

• In speech, the difference between the pronunciations /ɪŋ/ and /ɪn/ is sometimes one of formality. Some speakers tend to use /ɪŋ/ in more formal situations and /ɪn/ in less formal situations. However, other speakers can either use mainly /ɪŋ/ or mainly /ɪn/ regardless of the situation.
• In writing, both the /ɪŋ/ and the /ɪn/ pronunciations are usually spelled -ing. When writers use -in', as in makin', they are emphasizing the informality of the situation (or attempting, however accurately, to show the social status of the speaker).
• The [ɪn] pronunciation is more common for present participles and less common for verbal nouns.

派生語

参照

1. ^ Dobson, E[ric] J. (1957), English pronunciation 1500-1700‎, second edition, volume II: Phonology, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1968, →OCLC, § 377, page 950.
2. ^ Jespersen, Otto (1909), A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (Sammlung germanischer Elementar- und Handbücher; 9)‎, volume I: Sounds and Spellings, London: George Allen & Unwin, published 1961, § 13.11, page 355.
3. ^ Jordan, Richard (1974), Eugene Crook, transl., Handbook of the Middle English Grammar: Phonology (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 218)‎, The Hague: Mouton & Co. N.V., →DOI, § 174, page 162.

-in-

i'n

in

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/14 21:03 UTC 版)

発音

• (weak form) IPA: /ən/, enPR: ən
• (strong form) IPA: /ɪn/, enPR: ĭn
• (New Zealand, weak form) IPA: /ɘn/
• 韻: -ɪn
• 異形同音異義語: an (weak form), and (weak form), inn

前置詞

in

1. Used to indicate location, inclusion, or position within spatial, temporal or abstract limits.
   1. Contained by; inside.
      The dog is in the kennel.
   2. Within the bounds or limits of.
      She stood in the spotlight.
   3. Surrounded by; among; amidst.
   4. Wearing (an item of clothing).
      I glanced over at the pretty girl in the red dress.
      Who’s the blonde in the sunhat over there?
   5. Expressing abstract containment.
   6. Part of; a member of; out of; from among.
   7. During (a period of time).
   8. Within (a certain elapsed time); by the end of.
   9. At the end of (a period of time).
   10. (grammar, phonetics) Characterized by.
2. Into.
3. By (doing something); indicating action causing an effect or achieving a purpose.
4. Indicating an order or arrangement.
5. Denoting a state of the subject.
6. Indicates, connotatively, a place-like form of someone's (or something's) personality, as his, her or its psychic and physical characteristics.
7. Pertaining to; with regard to.
8. Used to indicate means, medium, format, genre, or instrumentality.
   1. (of something offered or given in an exchange) In the form of, in the denomination of.
      Her generosity was rewarded in the success of its recipients.
   2. Used to indicate a language, script, tone, etc. of a text, speech, etc.

派生語

• 6in4
• add-in
• bail in
• ben
• built-in
• calcin
• caytaxin
• come in
• drop-in
• end in
• grid-in
• herein
• inable
• inband
• in between
• inbetwixt
• inblown
• inborne
• inbound
• inbox
• inbreath
• inburnt
• inburst
• inclearing
• incross
• indeed
• indegree
• indrift
• indriven
• infill
• in-fill
• in-flight
• in-footed
• inframe
• in funds
• ingate
• ingoer
• ingoing
• inkneed
• inlane
• inlier
• inlink
• inly
• inmeats
• inmost
• innage
• innermost
• inness
• in on
• in one's eyes
• inorder
• inpatient
• inplane
• inroad
• inrun
• inservice
• inshave
• inshoot
• inside
• insole
• in someone's eyes
• insomuch
• insooth
• insourcing
• inspan
• in-state
• instead
• instead of
• instealing
• in steam
• instore
• instroke
• insucking
• inswinging
• inswung
• intext
• into
• intoed
• intown
• in-town
• inwards
• inwash
• inwicking
• inworld
• live-in
• mixin
• opt-in
• piss in the popcorn
• plugin
• puss in a bag
• therein
• tuck-in
• wherein
• whipper-in
• within

関連する語

• in a hurry
• in a jiffy
• in haste
• in love
• in situ
• in tatters
• in the long term
• in the short term
• in turn

動詞

in (third-person singular simple present ins, present participle inning, simple past and past participle inned)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To enclose.
2. (obsolete, transitive) To take in; to harvest.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

副詞

in (not comparable)

1. At or towards the interior of a defined space, such as a building or room.
2. Towards the speaker or other reference point.
3. So as to be enclosed or surrounded by something.
4. After the beginning of something.
5. (in combination, after a verb) Denotes a gathering of people assembled for the stated activity, sometimes, though not always, suggesting a protest.
   sing-in, pray-in, hug-in; see also be-in, love-in, sit-in, teach-in.

名詞

in (plural ins)

1. A position of power or influence, or a way to get it.
2. (chiefly in the plural) One who, or that which, is in; especially, one who is in office.
   Antonym: out
3. (sports) The state of a batter/batsman who is currently batting; see innings.

形容詞

in (comparative more in, superlative most in)

1. (not comparable) Located indoors, especially at home or at one's office or place of work.
2. (not comparable) Located inside something.
3. (sports, of the ball or other playing implement) Falling or remaining within the bounds of the playing area.
4. Inserted or fitted into something.
5. Having been collected or received.
6. In fashion; popular.
7. Incoming.
8. (nautical, of the sails of a vessel) Furled or stowed.
9. Of the tide, at or near its highest level.
10. (law) With privilege or possession; used to denote a holding, possession, or seisin
11. (cricket) Currently batting.
12. Having familiarity or involvement with somebody.
13. (informal) Having a favourable position, such as a position of influence or expected gain, in relation to another person.
14. (of fire or fuel) (British, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) Burning; ablaze.
15. Having used, consumed , or invested a certain amount.

語源 2

参照

1. ^ Alexander M[ansfield] Burrill (1850–1851), “IN”, in A New Law Dictionary and Glossary: […], volume (please specify |part= or |volume=I or II), New York, N.Y.: John S. Voorhies, […], →OCLC.

• Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Bounded landmarks", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8

使用する際の注意点

In the West Saxon dialect, this word was replaced by on during the separate prehistory of Old English. However, it was still used as a prefix to form many words such as ingang (“entrance”), inġewinn (“civil war”), inġeþanc (“inner thoughts”), inlendisċ (“native”), intinga (“cause”), and inweorc (“indoor work”), and it was still implied by derived adverbs such as inne (“inside”), innan (“from the inside”), and inn (“in,” adverb).

派生した語

• Middle English: in
  • English: in
  • Scots: in

名詞

in (plural innes)

1. Any kind of accommodation; particularly:
   1. A holiday home or guesthouse; a house set up as accommodation.
   2. An inn or hostel; a building with multiple rooms to let.
   3. A camp used by an army; barracks.
2. A home or house; habitation or housing one lives in.
3. A dormitory; housing for students.

参照

• “in, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2 May 2018.

発音

• IPA: /in/, /iː/, /i/, /ən/

前置詞

in

1. in; with the following special senses:
   1. in, inside; encircled or confined by, with the following special senses:
      1. inside, within (a text or document)
      2. inside, within (one's mind)
      3. inside, in, indoors of.
      4. amongst, in a crowd of.
   2. wearing, having on, clad in
   3. in a quality or mode: with the following special senses:
      1. affected by, under the influence of.
      2. held by someone, in someone's grasp
      3. owned by someone, in someone's control
   4. inside, at or on a location or place.
   5. secured with; bound with
   6. in the midst of, while, currently doing
   7. in (pieces or portions), into.
   8. about; of, on the matter of.
2. in the form, way, or manner of.
3. on, above, on top of.
4. facing at, in the direction of.
5. Being one of a set or group.
6. Being owned by; in one's possession.
7. due to, as, for the reason that.
8. versus; in conflict with; fighting with.
9. using, utilising, with the means of.
10. (rare) with, in the company of.

派生した語

• English: in
• Scots: in, i, i'
• Yola: ing, in, yn, i, ee, eee

参照

• “in, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 3 May 2018.

副詞

in

1. in; with the following special senses:
   1. in, inside; encircled or confined by.
   2. inside, in, in the centre of.
   3. in a quality or mode.
2. in towards, in the direction of.
3. on, on top of; above
4. using, utilising, with the means of.

参照

• “in, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 3 May 2018.

語源 4

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɪn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈin]

前置詞

in (+ ablative)

1. in, at, on, upon, from (space) [_with_ ablative]
2. under, within, in [_with_ ablative]
3. during, within, while in (time) [_with_ ablative]
4. about, respecting, concerning (of reference) [_with_ ablative]
5. among [_with_ ablative]

in (+ accusative)

1. into, to [_with_ accusative]
   • 29 bc. Vergil. Georgics, III
     omne adeo genvs in terris hominvmqve ferarvmqve
     et genvs æqvorevm pecvdes pictæqve volvcres
     in fvrias ignemqve rvvnt
     So far does every species on earth of man and beast,
     whether the aquatic species, livestock, or painted-winged,
     collapse into the frenzies and the fire.
2. toward, towards, against, at [_with_ accusative]
   Gallī in Rōmānōs incurrunt. ― The Gauls are rushing against the Romans.
3. until, for [_with_ accusative]
4. about [_with_ accusative]
5. according to [_with_ accusative]

引用

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:in.

派生語

• asinus in tegulis
• in cassum
• in nuce
• in unguem
• in-
• inter
• intra
• intus
• lupus in fabula
• lupus in sermone

派生した語

• Eastern Romance:
  • Aromanian: ãn
  • Istro-Romanian: ăn
  • Megleno-Romanian: ăn
  • Romanian: în
• Dalmatian:
  • en
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: in
  • Judeo-Italian: אִין (ʔin /⁠in⁠/)
  • Sicilian: 'n
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: in
  • Ligurian: in
  • Piedmontese: ën
  • Romansh: en
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: en
  • Franco-Provençal: en
  • French: en
  • Occitan: en
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Mozarabic: אן (ʔn)
  • Portuguese: em
  • Spanish: en
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: in

in-

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/15 18:15 UTC 版)

発音

接頭辞

in-

1. in, into, towards, within.
   inhold, inmove, intake, inthrill
   inborn, inbound
   infield, infighting, insight, intalk, inwork
   1. Inward (direction)
      inbeat is occurring on an inward beat, inbend is to bend or curve inwards, incave is to cave inward
   2. Within (position)
      inbreed is to produce or generate within, inburning is burning within, incircle is a circle within a polygon

同意語

• (within): intra-, en-/em-/im-, end-/endo-/ento-

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “within”): out-, ex-, exo-, ecto-

派生語

• inbound

• inbox

• ingrown

• inlaid

• inner

• input

• inside

• inward

• inbeat

• inbend

• inbent

• inbirth

• inblow

• inbreathe

• inbring

• incave

• inbeing

• in-between

• inbreed

• inburn

• inburning

• incar

• incaved

• incaverned

• incenter

• incircle

接頭辞

in-

1. in, into
   Note: Before certain letters, in- becomes:
   • il- before l, e.g. illusion
   • im- before b, m, or p, e.g. imperil
   • ir- before r, e.g. irrigate
   1. Into
      imband is to form into a band or bands, imbar is to bar in, imbarn is to store in a barn
   2. Doing; forming verbs.
      inblind is to make blind, incloister is to cloister
   3. Having, possessing
      imbannered is having banners, inaureole is to have a halo, incarnate is be crimson

使用する際の注意点

• In direction sense, used in Latinate terms, and opposed by ex-, e-, rather than Germanic out-; senses not always strict antonyms. Examples include infiltrate/exfiltrate, ingress/egress, invade/evade.

同意語

• (within): intra-, en-/em-/im-, end-/endo-

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “within”): out-, ex-, exo-, ecto-

派生語

• infiltrate

• ingress

• invade

• inflammable

• imbalsamation

• imband

• imbar

• imbarn

• imbound

• imbox

• inbeaming

• inbear

• inbind

• inblow

• inbreak

• inbreaking

• inbring

• inburn

• incantoning

• incask

• imbank

• inbland

• inblind

• inborrow

• inbuild

• inclamation

• incloister

• imbannered

• inaureole

• inawe

• incarnate

接頭辞

in-

1. (no longer productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.
   Note: Before certain letters, in- becomes:
   • ig- before n, e.g. ignoble
   • il- before l, e.g. illegal
   • im- before b, m, or p, e.g. improper
   • ir- before r, e.g. irresistible
   1. (no longer productive) Added to adjectives to mean not.
      inedible
      inaccurate
   2. Added to nouns to mean lacking or without.
      incredulity
      ineptitude
   3. Cannot, unable.
      inannihilable is that cannot be annihilated, inappellable is that cannot be appealed against, inassimilable is that cannot be assimilated

同意語

• (not): a-, an-, dys-, i-/il-/im-/ir-, mal-, non-, un-

派生語

• inability

• inaccuracy

• inaccurate

• inadmissible

• inanimate

• incapable

• incredible

• incredulity

• incredulous

• indefinite

• inedible

• ineffable

• inequitable

• infinite

• inhospitable

• inimitable

• injustice

• insobriety

• intolerance

• inviolable

• invisible

• imbalanced

• inable

• inacceptable

• inaccordant

• inaccuracy

• inaccurate

• inacquiescent

• inactivate

• inactivist

• inadaptable

• inadaptive

• inaddible

• inadept

• inadequate

• inadherent

• inadmissible

• inadmissibly

• inadventurous

• inadvisable

• inadvised

• inaesthetic

• inaffable

• inaffected

• inaffectionate

• inaidable

• inalienable

• inalimental

• inamiable

• inamicable

• inamovable

• inamyloid

• inangular

• inanimate

• inanimated

• inapparent

• inappealable

• inappendiculate

• inapplicable

• inapposite

• inappreciable

• inappreciative

• inapprehensive

• inapproachable

• inappropriable

• inappropriate

• inarable

• inarguable

• inartful

• inarticulable

• inarticulate

• inarticulated

• inarticulation

• inartificial

• inartistic

• inaspirable

• inaudible

• inauspicious

• inauthentic

• inauthoritative

• inavertible

• inavoidable

• incalculable

• incapable

• incapacious

• incapacity

• incautelous

• incautious

• incelibacy

• incelibate

• incensurable

• incertain

• inchangeability

• inchaste

• incircumscription

• incircumspect

• incirrate

• incivil

• incoagulable

• incoalescence

• incoercible

• incoexistence

• incogent

• incogitative

• incognizable

• inimicable

• imbonity

• inability

• inabstinence

• inaccess

• inacquaintance

• inaction

• inactivism

• inadaptation

• inadhesion

• inæsthetical

• inanimate

• inanimation

• inaperturate

• inapparency

• inappetence

• inappetent

• inapplication

• inappreciation

• inapprehension

• inartistic

• inattendance

• inattentive

• incaution

• incelebrity

• inchastity

• incivil

• incivism

• inclarity

• incognizance

• inactinic

• inaddibility

• inalterable

• inannihilable

• inappeasable

• inappellable

• inapprehensible

• inapproximable

• inarticulate

• inassimilable

• inattributable

参考

• a- (Greek)
• an-
• non-
• un-
• wan-

派生語

語源 1

From in (“in”). More at in.

接頭辞

in-

1. in, into
   ‎in- + ‎ēþung (“breathing”) → ‎inēþung (“inspiration”)
2. internal, inside
   ‎in- + ‎_coþu_ (“disease”) → ‎incoþu (“internal disease”)
   ‎in- + ‎weorc (“work”) → ‎inweorc (“indoor work”)

派生した語

• Middle English: in-
  • English: in-

接頭辞

in-

1. (intensifying) very
   ‎in- + ‎_frōd_ (“wise”) → ‎infrōd (“very wise”)
   ‎in- + ‎_dryhten_ (“noble”) → ‎_indryhten_ (“very noble”)

派生語

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɪn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [in]

使用する際の注意点

Affixed primarily to adjectives.

The pronunciation or spelling of the prefix may be changed in some situations:

• Before b, p or m, it may become im-. The spelling in- is also found in this context.
  ‎in- + ‎_barba_ (“beard”) → ‎_imberbis_ (“beardless”) or inberbis.
  ‎in- + ‎_patiēns_ (“patient”) → ‎impatiēns (“impatient”) or inpatiēns.
  ‎in- + ‎mātūrus (“mature”) → ‎_immātūrus_ (“immature”) or inmātūrus.
• Before l or r, it may become il- or ir-, respectively. These assimilations only became usual in post-Augustan Latin: until a late date, the usual Roman spellings were inl- and inr-.
  ‎in- + ‎_labōrātus_ (“worked, toilsome”) → ‎illabōrātus (“unworked, uncultivated”) (post-Augustan) or inlabōrātus.
  ‎in- + ‎reverēns (“reverent”) → ‎irreverēns (“irreverent”) (post-Augustan) or inreverēns.
• Before gn and sometimes n, it becomes ig- (pronounced [ɪŋ-]).
  ‎in- + ‎_gnārus_ (“knowlegable”) → ‎_ignārus_ (“ignorant”)
  ‎in- + ‎_nōmen_ (“name”) → ‎_ignōminia_ (“dishonor”)
• Before f or s, it becomes īn- (pronounced [ĩː-]).
  ‎in- + ‎fīnītus (“finite”) → ‎īnfīnītus (“endless, infinite”)
  ‎in- + ‎sānus (“healthy, sane”) → ‎īnsānus (“mad, insane”)
• Before g, c or q, the spelling remains in-, but the pronunciation becomes [ɪŋ-].

派生した語

• Italian: in-
• Sicilian: n- (m- before p, b or m, il- before l, and ir- before r)
• → Catalan: in- (sometimes i-, or im- before p, b and m)
• → French: in-
• → Middle English: in-
  • English: in-, ir-, il-, im-
• → Portuguese: in- (im- before p or b, i- before l, n, or m, and ir- before r)
• → Romanian: in- (im- before p or b, and i- before l, m, or r)
• → Spanish: in- (im- before p or b, i- before l, and ir- before r)

接頭辞

in-

1. Prepositional prefix, generally attached to verbs to derive new verbs with a range of meanings.
   1. in, within, inside
      ‎in- + ‎hālō (“to breathe”) → ‎_inhālō_ (“to breathe in, inhale”)
   2. against; into; on, upon; to, towards
      ‎in- + ‎_gradior_ (“to step, go”) → ‎_ingredior_ (“to go into, enter”)
      ‎in- + ‎nūbō (“to marry”) → ‎_innūbō_ (“to marry into”)
      ‎in- + ‎_cadō_ (“to fall”) → ‎incidō (“to fall into, fall upon”)
      ‎in- + ‎_pangō_ (“to set, fix, settle, fasten”) → ‎_impingō_ (“to fasten upon, dash against, strike against”)
      ‎in- + ‎_flīgō_ (“to strike”) → ‎īnflīgō (“to strike on, strike against, inflict, impose upon”)
      ‎in- + ‎_vocō_ (“to call”) → ‎invocō (“to call on, call upon, invoke”)
   3. Used as an intensifier.
      ‎in- + ‎_crepō_ (“to rattle”) → ‎increpō (“to rattle, rebuke”)
   4. Attached to inchoative verbs, can express the sense of a change being started or reaching partial completion
      ‎in- + ‎ārēscō (“to be drying, am growing drier”) → ‎inārēscō (“to start becoming dry, become somewhat dry”)

派生語

派生した語

• Aromanian: ãn-, n-, an-
• Catalan: en-
• English: in-
• French: en-
• Italian: in-, en-
• Portuguese: en-
• Romanian: în-
• Spanish: en-

派生語

参照

1. ^ Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938), “1. in-”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 676f.
2. ^ William Gardner Hale and Carl Darling Buck, 1903. Latin Grammar, page 25
3. ^ Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938), “2. in”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 677f.
4. ^ Haverling, Gerd. "On Prefixes and Actionality in Classical and Late Latin." Acta Linguistica Hungarica, vol. 50, no. 1–2, 2003, pp. 113–35, http://www.jstor.org/stable/26189816. Accessed 6 Apr. 2022. Page 117
5. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems]‎ (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 241-44

Further reading

• “in-”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 301

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