Authorship Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

This article takes a closer look at how the American author Tao Lin uses Twitter to perform his authorial identity. Twitter serves as a primary platform for Lin to shape and reshape the public images of him as an author. Lin's Twitter... more

This article takes a closer look at how the American author Tao Lin uses Twitter to perform his authorial identity. Twitter serves as a primary platform for Lin to shape and reshape the public images of him as an author. Lin's Twitter presence operates as 140-character bursts of authorial self-presentation. The tweets he chooses to post combined with his views on Twitter as a presentational platform show that Lin is conscious of his identity performance, especially online. With this knowledge, he uses the language of Twitter to enact his authorial identity and influence the representations that circulate in the literary world, but he fell short because of the dominant role print media play in images of authorship. To counteract this and gain cultural legitimacy for his online identity in the literary world, Lin resorts to remediating his Twitter profiles into a fetishized print book. Lin's coquettish relationship with Twitter shows his audience that the platform is more than a place to generate attention for oneself; it is a site for the continual reshaping of identity on a mass scale.

This op-ed style essay examines the wildly exaggerated claims made for Non-Fungible Tokens or NFT artworks. Above all, it questions the NFT's peculiar reversal of digital media's inherent interchangeability by turning back to the... more

This op-ed style essay examines the wildly exaggerated claims made for Non-Fungible Tokens or NFT artworks. Above all, it questions the NFT's peculiar reversal of digital media's inherent interchangeability by turning back to the centuries-old legacy of individual authorship and visionary private property. "NFT Fever: Is it Time for a Great Refusal 2.0?," was originally written for and published by the Portuguese cultural journal, Electra Magazine, and is hereby updated with some important corrections to the technical details. https://www.fundacaoedp.pt/en/content/electra-magazine

O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias foi res-ponsável por profundos impactos no Direito de Autor, desta-cadamente nas mudanças causadas pelo advento da sociedade da informação e da internet. Os avanços nas... more

O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias foi res-ponsável por profundos impactos no Direito de Autor, desta-cadamente nas mudanças causadas pelo advento da sociedade da informação e da internet. Os avanços nas ferramentas de inteligência artificial proporcionaram grandes desafios nesse ce-nário, se tornando importante hoje responder à questão sobre a autoria de obras geradas com mínima (ou nenhuma) inter-venção humana e a decorrente (in)existência de proteção pelas normas de direitos de autor. Realiza-se nesta investigação uma breve análise da doutrina e da jurisprudência de diversos sis-temas jurídicos (com foco em Portugal, União Europeia e Es-tados Unidos), concluindo-se pela ausência de proteção direta, com objetivo de reforçar o domínio público e o acesso à cultura. Permanece possível, no entanto, pensar em outras maneiras de recompensar o desenvolvimento de programas criativos e a di-vulgação dessas obras.

The 21st century has seen the emergence of technological innovations that render the erstwhile Intellectual Property (IP) systems seemingly inept in protecting and regulating intellectual property rights. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has... more

The 21st century has seen the emergence of technological innovations that render the erstwhile Intellectual
Property (IP) systems seemingly inept in protecting and regulating intellectual property rights. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has established itself as a frontier of innovation with over a $250 million market opportunity. With the advent of the AI, the lines of creative ownership rights attributed to the creators of intellectual works are blurred, due to the essential nature of the technology itself. The question of who then
is attributed authorship of the work produced by AI arise

In summer 2014 Glasgow played host to the 20th Commonwealth Games. As well as a celebration of sport, there was an extensive cultural programme including new work by world-leading and emerging Scottish and international artists. Emphasis... more

In summer 2014 Glasgow played host to the 20th Commonwealth Games. As well as a celebration of sport, there was an extensive cultural programme including new work by world-leading and emerging Scottish and international artists. Emphasis was on accessibility, shared cultural traditions and contemporary creativity. Expanded practices that call upon public collaboration as a means of production are becoming a customary feature of the contemporary art landscape (and often a requisite of funding). Ontologically this process challenges traditional attitudes to material and nominal authenticities, with the artist not necessarily involved in the ‘making’ of the work. This paper explores issues of authenticity in relation to this growing contemporary art practice of social engagement and public participatory collaboration. With funding bodies seeking evidence of social ‘impact’, contemporary art production is becoming increasingly tied to project-based events rather than autonomous installations or material objects. How does this affect our understanding of nominal and expressive authenticity? This subject is explored in relation to the practice of Rachel Barron, whose participatory project Assemble took place across two venues in Glasgow during the Commonwealth Games.

This article is a case study of the French TV series Un Village francais , broadcast on France 3 from 2009 to 2017. Based on interviews and observations of the cast and crew members, it attempts to unravel the relationships between... more

This article is a case study of the French TV series Un Village francais , broadcast on France 3 from 2009 to 2017. Based on interviews and observations of the cast and crew members, it attempts to unravel the relationships between writers, producers, directors and broadcasters within the French television industry. First, some particularities of television production in France are briefly addressed. These include: the limited number of channels commissioning original TV series; the still unestablished concept and professional practice of showrunners and the lack of an industrialized process in creating televised serial narratives; and the dominant status of directors, which contributes to the weakened position of TV writers within this economy. The focus of the article is then the pre-broadcast history of the series, from the early stages of its conception to the later stages of its production. Un Village francais is indeed created by an a-typical trio of executive co-producers: a ...

In this paper I attempt to show that a certain degree of hunger, intended as a material and psychological condition of the diner, can become a constitutive property of a culinary work. One may believe that the best possible argument... more

In this paper I attempt to show that a certain degree of hunger, intended as a material and psychological condition of the diner, can become a constitutive property of a culinary work. One may believe that the best possible argument supporting this thesis is one relying on the general assertion that an author's stipulative authority over the features of his or her work, if adequately exercised, is absolute. Quite the contrary, I show that we should prefer a different and more specific argumentative strategy based on the twofold fact that the conventions ruling over culinary works are peculiarly less stringent than in many other art fields, and that hunger has a very special status with regard to culinary works, in the sense that fixing the degree of hunger of the diner may serve to fix the appropriate conditions for any minimally acceptable perceptual experience of a culinary work to take place.

According to a common though not universally accepted opinion, works of narrative fiction are made up of statements uttered by a fictional narrator who must be distinguished from the author. In what follows, I demonstrate that this... more

According to a common though not universally accepted opinion, works of narrative fiction are made up of statements uttered by a fictional narrator who must be distinguished from the author. In what follows, I demonstrate that this assumption has led to misinterpretations of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s novel Die Wahlverwandtschaften. In the first section, I examine the view, held by several distinguished scholars, that there is a fictional narrator in Die Wahlverwandtschaften. Two main problems of the respective interpretations are exposed. First, they fail to substantiate their claims about the existence and particular traits of the narrator. Second, they fail to clarify the very point of introducing him. In the second section, I challenge the general assumption that it is reasonable to postulate a narrator while ignoring, temporarily or permanently, the author’s purposes. The third section suggests that it is rather misleading to apply the term ‘narrator’ to the author of the novel. One may of course call Goethe the ‘narrator’ of Die Wahlverwandtschaften, but there is little point in doing so. In the final section, I draw attention to some aspects of Goethe’s novel that have previously been neglected and that can be more easily recognized once one refrains from assuming that there is a fictional narrator in the novel.

To display art in a way that maximises the ability of the public to appreciate it depends on methods of authorship, a collaborative process between various art industry professionals within the context of the ideologically charged,... more

To display art in a way that maximises the ability of the public to appreciate it depends on methods of authorship, a collaborative process between various art industry professionals within the context of the ideologically charged, characteristic setting of the museum. The job of the author is to connect a work or group of works to their context in the most appropriate way in contemporary settings, and the methods include the altered White Cube effect, artist involvement, recontextualisation, and restaging.

Construction of virtual identities in social networks is a spontaneous and well pondered process where attention to all the information available becomes essential.  Identities are projected using this information. The aim of this... more

Construction of virtual identities in social networks is a spontaneous and well pondered process where attention to all the information available becomes essential.  Identities are projected using this information. The aim of this paper is to define which fragments of this information are the most commonly present in user profiles. Besides, understanding aspects of identity that are the most conjectured. For the data analysis, a quantitative methodology with a questionnaire as a collection technique was used with a sample of 521 people between Spain and Argentina. The analysis of the empirical data has allowed some reflections on the importance of the features social networks offer to its users, as well as on how crucial image is in fingerprints and identity description, and digital action implementation.La construcción de las identidades virtuales en las redes sociales es un proceso espontáneo y ponderado donde la atención sobre toda la información disponible se hace esencial,...

Abstract: Street Scenes 1970 (New York Cinetracts Collective, 1970), a now forgotten documentary made by a group of New York University film students and professional filmmakers led by then NYU instructor Martin Scorsese, offers an... more

Abstract: Street Scenes 1970 (New York Cinetracts Collective, 1970), a now forgotten documentary made by a group of New York University film students and professional filmmakers led by then NYU instructor Martin Scorsese, offers an intriguing case study to ...

Middle name initials are often used by people in contexts where intellectual performance matters. Given this association, middle initials in people’s names indicate intellectual capacity and performance (Van Tilburg and Igou, 2014). In... more

Middle name initials are often used by people in contexts where intellectual performance matters. Given this association, middle initials in people’s names indicate intellectual capacity and performance (Van Tilburg and Igou, 2014). In the current research, we examined whether middle initials are associated with a typical academic indicator of intellectual performance: authorship order of journal articles. In psychology, authorship early in the author list of an article should correspond with greater contribution to this intellectual endeavor compared to authorship appearing later in the author list. Given that middle initials indicate intellectual capacity and performance, we investigated whether there would be a positive relationship between middle initials in author names and early (vs. late) appearance of names in author lists of academic journal articles in psychology. In two studies, we examined the relationship between amount of authors’ middle initials and authorship order. Study 1 used a sample of 678 articles from social psychology journals published in the years 2006 and 2007. Study 2 used a sample of 696 articles from journals of multiple sub-disciplines in psychology published in the years from 1970 to 2013. Middle initials in author names were overrepresented early (vs. late) in author lists. We discuss implications of our findings for academic decisions on authorship orders, potential avenues of further investigation, and applications.

After her termination as a Friends writers’ assistant, Amaani Lyle filed suit for harassment and discrimination. In response, writers defended their professional authority over the writing process, facing two related tensions. First, Lyle... more

After her termination as a Friends writers’ assistant, Amaani Lyle filed suit for harassment and discrimination. In response, writers defended their professional authority over the writing process, facing two related tensions. First, Lyle v. Warner Bros. emphasized frictions between artistic freedom and social responsibility, amid concerns about a lack of diversity among writers. Second, the case also spotlighted the ambivalence of writers’ artistic status, within a collaborative and vertically integrated system of production. Focusing on problems of organization and profession, this article explores writers’ negotiations of these tensions as negotiations of their role in a complex industry.

Author order is crucial; it is the currency of academia. Within STEM disciplines, women and junior researchers--those who are the primary constituents of our lab-- consistently receive less credit for equal work. Our Civic Laboratory for... more

Author order is crucial; it is the currency of academia. Within STEM disciplines, women and junior researchers--those who are the primary constituents of our lab-- consistently receive less credit for equal work. Our Civic Laboratory for Environmental Action Research (CLEAR) is a feminist marine science laboratory at Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada. Recognizing that the stakes are high for CLEAR members, we have developed an approach to author order that emphasizes process and equity rather than system and equality. Our process is premised on: 1) deciding author order vy consensus; 2) valuing care work and other forms of labour that are usually left out of scientific value systems; and 3) taking intersectional social standing into account. Although CLEAR’s approach differs from others’, we take author order seriously as a compromised but dominant structure within science we must contend with. That is, rather than attempt to circumvent author order, we stay with the trou...

Review by Ros Ballaster, Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, 37: 544–545.

The animated music videos of Radiohead, Chris Hopewell and Gastón Viñas are entwined by intertextual threads that refer to each other in a reciprocal and generative way. As a graphic artist and applied fan of the band Radiohead, Viñas has... more

The animated music videos of Radiohead, Chris Hopewell and Gastón Viñas are entwined by intertextual threads that refer to each other in a reciprocal and generative way. As a graphic artist and applied fan of the band Radiohead, Viñas has borrowed extensively from Radiohead's music videos and associated world components in order to build new storyworlds in which his own music videos and artwork live in constant dialogue with their intertextual counterparts. Through an analysis of music videos created by Viñas, Radiohead and Hopewell, this chapter draws on the concepts of intertextuality and dialogism to argue that fan-made music video can play a significant role within a broader process of what is termed 'dialogic world-building'. This 'world-building' process gradually becomes apparent across the chapter, as a complex web of woven threads emerges from interconnected analyses of music videos, thereby demonstrating that a transmedial and transauthorial approach can enable a holistic impression of the establishment, appropriation and regeneration of 'storyworlds'. This chapter appears in The Bloomsbury Handbook of Popular Music Video Analysis, edited by Lori Burns and Stan Hawkins (2019).

This article presents the first systematic, quantitative assessment of line length in Old English poetry. Its aim is to determine whether line length can be used as a reliable criterion in studies pertaining to relative chronology and... more

This article presents the first systematic, quantitative assessment of line length in Old English poetry. Its aim is to determine whether line length can be used as a reliable criterion in studies pertaining to relative chronology and authorship attribution. Our findings indicate that line length is a rather complicated criterion, which is affected not only by language change, but also by subject matter and other non-linguistic variables. Nevertheless, we conclude that critical application of the criterion of line length can yield substantial insights into the dating and authorship of Old English poetry.

Une partie considérable de la littérature narrative publiée en France au XVIe siècle est le résultat d'une activité, souvent anonyme, de réécriture ou de traduction de textes médiévaux ou étrangers. Parmi les protagonistes de cette vaste... more

Une partie considérable de la littérature narrative publiée en France au XVIe siècle est le résultat d'une activité, souvent anonyme, de réécriture ou de traduction de textes médiévaux ou étrangers. Parmi les protagonistes de cette vaste entreprise d'annexion au système littéraire contemporain d'œuvres, de matériaux et de formes d'origines différentes, nous trouvons des polygraphes dont la production, hétérogène et dérivée, leur a empêché l'accès au statut d'auteur. Une enquête sur la polygraphie au XVIe siècle permet de mieux cerner l’activité de ces écrivains difficilement classables auxquels on peut reconnaître une fonction d'éditeur.

Tanulmányomban a szerzői névhasználatnak az írói karrierépítésre gyakorolt hatását vizsgálom a Toldy Ferenc és Bajza József közötti Júliusz-vita kapcsán. 1824-ben Toldy Bajza jóváhagyása nélkül és álnéven jelentette meg barátja zsengéit,... more

Tanulmányomban a szerzői névhasználatnak az írói karrierépítésre gyakorolt hatását vizsgálom a Toldy Ferenc és Bajza József közötti Júliusz-vita kapcsán. 1824-ben Toldy Bajza jóváhagyása nélkül és álnéven jelentette meg barátja zsengéit, ami kiváltotta a költőtárs haragját. Az eset rámutat arra, hogy a szerzők hogyan tudják úgy közölni műveiket, hogy az esetleges negatív fogadtatás ne befolyásolja költői karrierjüket, de megismerjék a közönség és a kritika véleményét.

Darren Hudson Hick’s recent paper “Authorship, Co-Authorship, and Multiple Authorship” explores the issues surrounding the notion of authorship in posthumously completed works, taking the recent, posthumously completed work, Micro as a... more

Darren Hudson Hick’s recent paper “Authorship, Co-Authorship, and Multiple Authorship” explores the issues surrounding the notion of authorship in posthumously completed works, taking the recent, posthumously completed work, Micro as a case study. Micro is a novel begun by Michael Crichton. Upon his death, Crichton’s trust hired Richard Preston to complete it. The issue at stake is who qualifies as the author of this posthumously completed work. Hick claims that Crichton and Preston should qualify as co-authors, and therefore that Micro challenges our own account of co-authorship. We reject both of these claims. In what follows, we examine the case of Micro in order to highlight an important difference between co-authorship and multiple authorship. We conclude by discussing how posthumously completed works help us distinguish between issues of authorship and various forms of agency.

The early modern commercial book market was the cradle of authorial branding. Authors and publishers increasingly explored the construction of authorial brands: a set of recurring and recognizable characteristics associated with authorial... more

The early modern commercial book market was the cradle of authorial branding. Authors and publishers increasingly explored the construction of authorial brands: a set of recurring and recognizable characteristics associated with authorial images. This chapter looks at branding in the context of the media landscape of the early modern Dutch Republic. Authorial branding developed over time in conjunction with new conceptions of the individual, technological innovations, and the changing role of-amongst others-patrons and publishers. Analyses of the branding of Jan Jansz. Starter (1593-1626) and Sara Maria van der Wilp (1716-1803) illustrate how the non-formalized, dynamic constellation of the literary eld inspired various agents to create a range of (multifaceted) author brands on the spectrum 'economic-symbolic'.

El siguiente artículo hace un acercamiento al fenómeno de la industria publicitaria gráfica popular, concretamente en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, a la cual recurren pequeñas y medianas empresas locales para el desarrollo de sus marcas... more

El siguiente artículo hace un acercamiento al fenómeno de la industria
publicitaria gráfica popular, concretamente en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, a la cual recurren pequeñas y medianas empresas locales para el desarrollo de sus marcas nacientes. En el ejercicio de dicho fenómeno, se recurre constantemente a la imitación de marcas y tendencias publicitarias, práctica con la cual se desconocen los marcos legales pertinentes, con resultados negativos para las nuevas marcas nacientes. A partir de dos casos específicos, se reflexiona sobre las consecuencias que trae la imitación de marcas y tendencias sin acatar la reglamentación existente; también se reflexiona sobre la necesidad de profesionalizar dicho ejercicio, dado su crecimiento e influencia en el ejercicio publicitario de la ciudad.
Palabras clave: publicidad, marca, branding, derechos de autor, cultura popular, comunicación corporativa.

Allographic Drawing explores the agency of coding in architectural design processes and its impact on architectural drawing and the allocation of authorship. The paper uses drawing as a lens to look at coding in architectural practice and... more

Allographic Drawing explores the agency of coding in architectural design processes and its impact on architectural drawing and the allocation of authorship. The paper uses drawing as a lens to look at coding in architectural practice and argues that engaging with coding introduces novel ways of mediating between context, proposition and constructed artefact. Against the backdrop of the paradigm shift from drawing-based representation to model-based simulation, this paper argues that we can look at drawing as a means of understanding the mediation of coding in architectural design processes. The research looks specifically into algorithmic approaches to scanning and mapping environments, ideation and exploration of variation within architectural design processes and the translation between design proposition and material artefact through digital fabrication.