BIM-technology Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

BIM Excellence ist ein forschungs-basierter Ansatz, um die Leistungsfähigkeit einzelner Personen, Organisationen und Projektteams zu bewerten und zu verbessern. Die BIMe Initiative organisiert alle Forschungsaktivitäten in Knowledge Sets, welche durch ein Internationales Forschungsnetzwerk entwickelt wurden. Das BIm³ besitzt zwei Achsen - BIM Fähigkeiten Sets und den BIM Reifegrad Index. Um von BIm³ zu profitieren, ist es zuerst wichtig, die Konzepte der BIM Fähigkeiten und BIM Reifegrade zu überblicken

- by
- •
- Construction Technology, Construction Management, Lean Construction, BIM (Architecture)

The paper presents a few examples of designed and constructed bridges which were inspired by quite strange prototypes from nature and even the history or the philosophy. It shows how it is important to establish a good cooperation between... more

- by Marek Salamak
- •
- Design, Architecture, BIM-technology, Structural Designs in Bridges

Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools and workflows have the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of design, construction and operation activities. Numerous BIM deliverables and their respective requirements have been widely discussed by industry stakeholders. This is evidenced by the intensity of online communications surrounding BIM topics and the accelerating availability of noteworthy BIM publications (NBP)s. NBPs are publically-available industry documents incorporating guidelines, protocols and requirements focusing on BIM deliverables and workflows. These publications are the product of various governmental bodies, industry associations, communities of practice and research institutions, intended to facilitate BIM adoption, and realize BIM’s value-adding potential.
A specialized taxonomy is employed to analyze 57 noteworthy BIM publications from across eight countries selected for their active BIM scene. The BIM knowledge content (BKC) taxonomy includes three knowledge content clusters (guides, protocols and mandates) subdivided into 18 knowledge content labels (e.g. report, manual, and contract). Ten of these content labels are used to analyze and compare publications from Australia, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Preliminary content analysis is then performed which provides insight into the availability and distribution of BIM knowledge within noteworthy BIM publications. The analysis identifies knowledge gaps within publications and highlights opportunities for future research and complementary publication efforts.
This chapter contributes to organizing BIM knowledge as contained within numerous noteworthy BIM publications and – by that - facilitates targeted access to their content. It provides a knowledge repository for construction industry stakeholder’s to utilize during BIM implementation and a research base for investigators seeking to identify and address knowledge gaps across the BIM domain.

- by Bilal Succar and +1
- •
- Knowledge Management, Knowledge Models, Construction Technology, Construction Management

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a set of technologies, processes and policies enabling multiple stakeholders to collaboratively design, construct and operate a facility.
There are numerous challenges attributed to BIM adoption by industry and academia. These represent a number of knowledge gaps each warranting a focused investigation by domain researchers. This study does not isolate a single gap to address but espouses a holistic view of the knowledge problem at hand. It contributes to the discussion a set of conceptual constructs that clarify the knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain. It also introduces a number of practicable knowledge tools to facilitate BIM learning, assessment and performance improvement.
This study is delivered through complementary papers and appendices to answer two primary research questions. The first explores the knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain whilst the second probes how these knowledge structures can be used to facilitate the measurement and improvement of BIM performance across the construction industry.
To address the first question, the study identifies conceptual clusters underlying the BIM domain, develops descriptive taxonomies of these clusters, exposes some of their conceptual relationships, and then delivers a representative BIM framework. The BIM framework is composed of three-axes which represent the main knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain and support the development of functional conceptual models.
To address the second question, BIM framework structures are extended through additional concepts and tools to facilitate BIM performance assessment and development of individuals, organizations and teams. These additional concepts include competency sets, assessment workflows and measurement tools which can be used to assess and improve the BIM performance of industry stakeholders.
In addressing these research questions, a pragmatic approach to research design based on available literature and applicable theories has been adopted. By combining several research strategies, paradigms and methods, this study (1) generates several new conceptual structures (e.g. frameworks, models and taxonomies) which collectively clarify the knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain; and (2) develops a set of workflows and tools that facilitate BIM assessment, learning and performance improvement.
This study delivers an extendable knowledge structure upon which to build a host of BIM performance improvement initiatives and tools. As a set of complementary papers and appendices, the study presents a rich, unified yet multi-layered environment of conceptual constructs and practicable tools; supported by a common framework, a domain ontology and simplified visual representations. Individually, each paper introduces a new framework part or solidifies a previous one. Collectively, the papers form a cohesive knowledge engine that generates assessment systems, learning modules and performance improvement tools.

- by Bilal Succar and +1
- •
- Management Information Systems, Knowledge Models, Construction Management, Performance Based Assessment (Education)

Quantity takeoff based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a faster and more reliable method than the traditional 2D-based quantity takeoff approach. However, the quality of BIM models affects the accuracy of the extracted quantities. Incomplete details and inappropriate modeling methods cause deviations in extracted quantities. Compound elements, such as walls and floors, always face this issue because they contain multiple material layers, which can have different sizes. In order to obtain accurate quantity takeoffs of these layers, each compound element layer that is composed of a core layer and other layers must be created according to the actual construction. Nevertheless, this is a time-consuming and error-prone solution. Furthermore, it can be difficult to edit a model in the future if its design is not finalized. This study proposes a method to improve the accuracy of the extracted quantities of compound elements from BIM models that are incomplete or incorrect by using information from BIM-based clash detection to eliminate excess quantities and add missing quantities. The proposed method is called the “BIM-based compound element quantity takeoff improvement” (BCEQTI) method. The BCEQTI method is then validated through four case studies. With this method, accurate material quantities can be delivered, and the time used to edit the BIM models is saved. Furthermore, it can be applied to other building elements that have similar issues.

According to a report declared by Grand Research Store, the BIM business is expected to garner profits of 3.6billionin2016,anditispredictedtoreach3.6 billion in 2016, and it is predicted to reach 3.6billionin2016,anditispredictedtoreach18.8 billion by the year 2024. In 2016, BIM Software segment generated the... more

- by NIBT Education
- •
- BIM Education, BIM-technology

In today's life, it's necessary to pay attention to saving energy. There are a lot of research and studies in this area to minimize the potential for energy losses. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been considered as a coordinated model for nearly two decades. BIM is a utility software program that integrates the building information required in the building including a three-dimensional architecture, a map of the electrical installations, etc., and, with the intelligence it is predicted, can provide the necessary offers, time and order of execution to the building engineer, and if, for some reason, a part of the map is changed in any case, report the bugs that arise in the next steps. One of the issues that can be solved by BIM as a powerful database is energy issues. The first step for maintaining energy is to find a way to reduce consumption and save money. In fact, saving energy means less cost, less fuel and less pollution. Hence, we need to look for the necessary infrastructure to reduce the use and distribute optimal energy. This thesis aims to develop the methodology of one of the articles (Gerrish et al. method) by proposing a new and innovative design using thermal energy optimization and temperature estimates obtained from the EM software, and predict the best location for heating and cooling appliances. In this study, all the information about one of the units of the Toos Arman Star Apartment Hotel project located on Navvab Safavi Avenue in Mashhad, near Imam Reza Shrine (PBUH), was obtained from this project, and was modeled on BIM software. Then, the key parameters of the building were investigated and all of them were extracted from the BIM software. In the following, EM was investigated using the energy simulation software. Validation was also done by comparing the simulation results and the actual results. For optimization, two optimization methods of genetic algorithm (GA) and Taguchi method was used to determine the optimal location of cooling devices. In GA, we tried to maximize the satisfaction of building residents by defining the fitness function as approaching the thermal comfort point of 25℃. The results of GA and Taguchi optimizations were introduced into the energy simulation software, and again, EM was performed using determined critical points. Since the proposed topic of this thesis is new and so far no action has been taken to determine the best location for the installation of heating and cooling appliances, the EM optimization result of GA was compared with the EM result of two Signal-to-Noise Ratio analysis (SNR) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of the Taguchi method and EM result of the unit studied.

The proliferation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) applications in design and engineering practice, in tandem with the extensive variation of building products, has posed new demands on firms to efficiently manage and reuse BIM content (i.e., data-rich parametric model objects and assembly details). Tasks such as classifying objects, indexing them with meta-data (e.g., category), and searching digital libraries to load objects into models still plague practice with inefficient manual workflows. This research aims to improve the productivity of BIM content management and retrieval by developing an AI-backed BIM content recommender system. Using data from a case-study firm, this research extracted content from over 30,000 technical BIM views (e.g., plans, sections, details) in historical projects to build an unsupervised machine-learning prototype with association rule mining. This prototype explicated the strength of relationships among co-occurring BIM objects. Using this prototype as the backbone AI-engine in live BIM sessions, this research developed a context-aware recommender system that dynamically provides BIM users with a set of objects associable with their modeling context (e.g., type of view, existing objects in the model) and human-computer interactions (e.g., objects selected by the user). By mining association data from hundreds of historical projects, this development marks a departure from the existing prototypes that rely on explicit coding, recurring user input, or subjective ratings to recommend BIM content to users. The simulation and experimental implementation of this recommender system yielded high efficacy in predicting content needs and significant saving time in BIM workflows.

- by Pegah Mathur and +1
- •
- Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, BIM (Architecture)

Thanks to the interoperability provided by the IFC standard, BIM technologies and IFC model servers are
beginning to enable a design environment where the exchange of information among the actors can be
synchronous and continuous using a single and central data model. Although this new set of technologies enables
concurrent design, the problems associated with managing the flow of information itself in a concurrent design
environment requires explicit management of editing rights and version control at the level of individual objects,
rather than at the file level. However, while these are technical issues that have standard solutions, managing
designers’ involvement in the process also becomes more challenging, requiring the development of new
management methods suitable for the BIM collaborative environment. Common problems such as information
‘overflow’, incomplete modelling solutions or incorrectly matched technical solutions, and inventories of work
in progress due to inattentive designers, if not treated methodically in the BIM platform, can quickly cause
bottlenecks for the advancement of the process. The bottlenecks result in process waste (such as time spent
waiting, large inventories of design information, processing sequences that cause unnecessary iterations, long
cycle times and schedule overruns, etc.). Application of concepts that allow structuring and measuring of the
information flow can improve the process and reduce the waste of resources, but there is no specific
V TIC - Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, 4 e 5 de agosto de 2011
methodology for measuring information flow in a BIM environment. Taking a previous study, in which seven
key performance indicators were developed and validated for application with conventional technology, as a
starting point, this work has developed the methodology for using these indicators in a BIM project.

- by LEONARDO MANZIONE
- •
- BIM-technology, KPI, KPI, Dashborad reports, Business Intelligance

This study examines BIM education, theories of spatial skills, and space and time constraints in BIM education curriculum of AEC programs, towards developing a theoretical framework for integrating BIM education in the curriculum of AEC programs. The research developed a theoretical background along three dimensions: BIM education, pre-requisite for BIM education, and theories of spatial skills development. The study found that BIM education is experiencing time and space constraints owing to its vast content and pre-requisites such as knowledge of 2D and 3D Computer Aided Design (CAD). Also, the study found that complementing the traditional methods of teaching engineering graphics with the use of 2D and 3D CAD will enhance spatial skills development of the secondary school students and motivate them to pursue AEC careers. A conceptual framework was developed and propositions were made on the basis of the theoretical background. The study recommends that the knowledge of 3D CAD, 2D CAD and manual drafting should be acquired in the secondary school and should serve as pre-requisite to BIM education in the university.

The Brazilian construction industry has been stand still for 20 years which caused a freezing period in their productive processes. Around year 2005, the recovering of the economy at solid basis, further encouragement policies for the construction segment quickly increased it. As a common knowledge that the AEC industry is one of the economy basis, the Brazilian government launched a masterplan in order to modernize construction industry establishing sustainable financing programs, manpower training, construction industrialization promotion and industrial technology outspreading. One of the demands to be reach was the intensified information technology use and the approach to it was the implementation of BIM supported standards and the adoption of a classification system for building information.
The aim of this paper is to present the modeling process of a classification system for building information which will contribute to the implementation of a new construction paradigm, the Building Information Modeling, modernizing the building lifecycle processes through the complex industry processes represented by the classification system. The study was based in another international classification systems analysis and Brazilian systems still in use and a foreign classification system adapting impact as a model for a national classification system.
The conclusion of this paper indicates that a classification system for building information implementation may have a positive impact on the Brazilian AEC industry because the stardardization of construction components directly interfere in the best practices of the building lifecycle.

- by Julio Bastos
- •
- BIM-technology

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a collaborative system that has been fully developed in the design and management of industries involved in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) sectors. There are, however, very few studies aimed at managing information models in the field of architectural and cultural heritage interventions. This research therefore proposes an innovative methodology of analysis and treatment of the information based on a representative 3D graphic model of the flooring and wall tiling of a historic building. The objective is to set up a model of graphic information which guarantees the interoperability of the aforementioned information amongst the diverse disciplines intervening in the conservation and restoration process. The Pavillion of Charles V, a Renaissance-characterised building located in outdoor areas of the Alcazar of Seville, Spain, was selected for the study. This work constitutes a project of intervention based on Heritage or Historic Building Information Modelling, called the " HBIM Project ". Resumen: El Modelado de Información para la Construcción (BIM) es un sistema colaborativo que actualmente está plenamente desarrollado en el diseño y la gestión de las industrias involucradas en el sector de la Arquitectura, Ingeniería y Construcción (Architecture, Engineering and Contruction-AEC). En cambio, en el ámbito de las intervenciones en el Patrimonio Cultural y Arquitectónico, son muy pocos los estudios dedicados a gestionar modelos de información. Por ello, esta investigación propone una metodología innovadora de análisis y tratamiento de la información basada en un Modelo gráfico 3D representativo de pavimentos y alicatados de un Edificio Histórico. La finalidad es crear un modelo de información gráfica que garantice la interoperabilidad de dicha información entre las diversas disciplinas que intervienen en el Proceso de Conservación y Rehabilitación Patrimonial. Para el estudio, se ha seleccionado el Cenador de Carlos V (o de la Alcoba); edificio de carácter renacentista perteneciente a los espacios exteriores del Alcázar de Sevilla, España. Este trabajo constituye un proyecto de intervención basado en un modelo de información patrimonial o del edificio histórico, denominado " Proyecto HBIM ". Palabras clave: Proyecto HBIM, Historic Building Information Modelling, modelo de información patrimonial, restitución fotogramétrica, Arquelogía de la Arquitectura, BIM.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is one of the most significant current discussions in AEC industry. Number of research on different aspects of BIM has been increased to show how this groundbreaking approach has impacted the industry. One widely used method to research on BIM is developing and measuring metrics to assess BIM implementation. This research investigates metrics developed in peer-reviewed papers to find trends of BIM assessment, and find gaps within the research. By reviewing ASCE database, this paper demonstrates that most research has focused on BIM outcomes, and research on BIM inputs and BIM processing is underrated. As a result, there is an extensive gap in research on BIM Input and BIM Process Assessment (e.g. evaluating human-technology interactions, collaboration, modeling performance, etc.). This paper also presents a method for developing a comprehensive framework of metrics to be used throughout the industry and academia to measure BIM implementation aspects and goals. A Part of the literature-based framework is also developed and presented in this paper.

- by Hamid Abdirad
- •
- BIM (Architecture), Metrics, Building Information Modeling, BIM/IPD Specialists

The acronym BIM is used for several purposes, according to the free interpretation of the theme; to categorize a
software as BIM, or not, for example. In this article the authors, who have extensive security experience with BIM,
believe that methods should be developed in order to evaluate how the software perform tasks related to BIM.
The aim was to propose and test a methodology to verify which skills would a BIM software have regarding the
creation of parametric objects. The method consisted of simulations that allowed the creation of tests using the
parametric object "Door"), which gave rise to a matrix of features offered by a system (formed by a software/tool
binary) to perform activities related to this object. Tests showed that the features offered by the systems vary
widely; from the interpretation of these, it was possible to establish the BIM Parametrization Object Index (BIM-POI), which summarizes how a system handles BIM objects according to defined criteria; further development
and updating of researches, in terms of its high-quality information, is recommended.

- by LEONARDO MANZIONE and +1
- •
- BIM-technology

The present report summarises the findings of the Sydney Opera House (SOH) Case Study carried out as part of SBEnrc Project 2.34 Driving Whole-of-life Efficiencies through BIM and Procurement. This report is informed by outcomes from interviews and document analysis as they relate to the development and implementation of the Building Information Modelling (BIM) for asset management interface at the SOH.
The SOH is an iconic Australian building with a long-standing history of innovative information management. This history starts with a challenging design and construction process which prompted what could be the first field-to-finish system for surveyors in Australia creating great efficiency gains, and now continues with the implementation of what is expected to be a fully integrated BIM asset management system.
The SOH BIM journey started in 2004 with the Exemplar Project carried out by the Cooperative for Research Centre (CRC) for Construction Innovation which tested a partial digital facilities management model and made a number of recommendations in 2007 based on collaborative research with the SOH. Since then, BIM practices have been used for construction works and their information management team has endeavoured in completing the BIM REVIT /Architectural model.
The SOH expects to achieve significant advantages from implementing BIM. Specific drivers identified were:
 Having a single source of information
 Information management issues related to the complexity of the asset
 Improving safety
 Addressing performing art requirements
 Sustainability goals
 Heritage listing status.
During the past 10 years, the SOH has faced the following challenges in the development of their BIM for asset management system:
 Software limitations/inadequacy
 Limited funds
 Data availability
 Finding the right answer
 Resistance to change
 Public asset government requirements
 Australia’s geographic isolation
 Uniqueness of the SOH.
Success factors identified for the development of a BIM for asset management strategy:
 Inspiration and corporate culture
Sydney Opera House Case Study Report 4 | P a g e
 External collaboration
 Client involvement
 Management vision.
The SOH has taken an informed and involved client approach to the development of their BIM guidelines and requirements. They have carried out extensive research into international and national practices, significant stakeholder engagement and collaboration as well as maintaining close ties to industry and research groups.
The SOH will aim to address the following expected challenges during the BIM solution rollout:
 Required skills and training
 Ensuring acceptance by end-users
 Integrating the different databases.
Future research will aim to understand specific benefits achieved from the implementation of the BIM interface for asset management systems.

Electrical design courses are most essential to the students who want to learn something new than their textbooks. Also, you will have to do electrical engineering courses if you wish to have a great job in the AEC industry. This BIM... more

- by NIBT Education
- •
- Electrical Engineering, BIM-technology

Despite the tremendous development in the field of digital technology that produced the software and techniques influenced in the field of architecture and construction, and thus the production of architectural and urban, which is imperative that we keep up with this development, and employment and continuation of the same efficiency in all phases of the project will bridge the gap between design and implementation phase, and the most important of these techniques the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM), it is a Database, Not just 3D Drawings, it refers to a digital collection of software applications designed to facilitate coordination and project collaboration, BIM has the potential to provide more efficient operation, not only as part of design and construction but also in operations and maintenance. Accuracy is another main reason. BIM appears to offer greater accuracy than what our current practices produce. This paper aims to determine the benefits of integrating BIM technique in project management and recognize the role they play in The construction industry and practical feasibility of it compared to the previous systems, the practical study depended on two parts, the first by carrying out structured questionnaire survey from construction industry' experts. The second is a case study. The paper is concluded with some important results. It seeks to show that the BIM systems improve communication, collaboration, higher-quality project decision making, and more comprehensive planning and scheduling. In the end, we should see better quality, plus increases in productivity and profitability.

This report summarises the findings of the Perth Children’s Hospital (PCH) case study carried out as part
of SBEnrc Project 2.34 Driving Whole-of-life Efficiencies through BIM and Procurement. This case study is
one of three exemplar projects studied in order to complement Centre’s industry-focused research. The
aim was to identify indicators for measuring tangible and intangible benefits of Building Information
Modelling (BIM) across a project’s life-cycle in infrastructure and buildings.
The PCH is an AUD1.2 billion project carried out under a two-stage managing contract model between
the Government of Western Australia and John Holland. The project used BIM for the design and
construction of the hospital and has required a facilities management BIM model as a key deliverable.
The case study drew information from a series of interviews with BIM managers across different
stakeholders as well as project documentation.
The research identified 26 specific benefits from using BIM. Each benefit was then profiled based on the
information provided by the case study data. These benefits were enabled by 20 different tools and
processes related to BIM, including software tools as well as governance processes such as co-location
and frequent project team meeting.
Although one of the objectives of the case study was to identify BIM metrics currently used in this
project, only one metric was found at this stage of the project. However, 20 different metrics to
measure benefits from BIM were identified by interviewees as with potential for use in the future.
This case study also provided insight into challenges associated with implementing BIM in such complex
projects as well as issues related to procurement and asset management, along with lessons learned for
design, construction and asset managers.

Yapı; işveren, danışman, tasarımcı, yüklenici, onaylayıcı kurumlar vb. paydaşların katılımlarıyla tasarım, inşaat, işletme, yıkım veya yeniden işlevlendirme yaşam döngüsü süreçleriyle oluşmaktadır. Bu paydaşların ve süreçlerin klasik... more

- by SIAK KOR CHEW
- •
- Information Technology, Technology, Construction Technology, RFID

ABSTRACT: A good Indoor Environmental Quality is required for any building applying for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) certification.
The room-by-room calculations required to demonstrate compliance with the Indoor Enviromental Quality (IEQ) prerequisites and credits, starting from the building geometry and use and the HVAC technical data,
may be time consuming and error-prone. With Building Information Modeling (BIM) all the required data can be incorporated into the design model, thus speeding up the process, automate the design validation and minimize the errors.
The research explored the use of BIM for the Mechanical design following the LEED IEQ P1 and IEQ C2 qualification, and the automation of calculus for the verification process with the use of Dynamo visual scripting tool for the data exchange between Autodesk Revit and electronic spreadsheets.

Safety is always the major concern in the construction industry because fatalities and injuries from construction work bring great losses to individuals, economic damage to investor and destroy contractor’s reputation. The aim of this paper is applying BIM into safety management on construction site such as: integrating safety hazard into 4D BIM, visualizing workspace and automate linking them with schedule, checking and solving workspace conflict. This research also presents automate method to link 3D BIM model with construction schedule.

- by ph luan and +1
- •
- BIM-technology

With the increasing implementation of Building Information Modeling, the quantity surveyors’ fundamental responsibility of measuring and pricing is being challenged. For the continuation of their professional position within the industry, quantity surveyors need to be able to find information and knowledge based services provided, where requires quantity surveyor’s insight view and analysis on the information from various sources. However, throughout the building process quantity surveyors make decisions based on subjective judgments about the value and quality of the information; still they rarely find the key information to get the task done. The value and quality of information are both different in nature; information quality is context-independent, while the value of information content-dependent. The quality and value of information are inherently difficult to quantify, and so there is a lack of methodologies on assessing information value and quality. The research poses the following challenges to quantity surveyors: "How can we identify high value information within quantity surveying firms? Is it possible to establish a filter mechanism to record the high value information for reusing and help quantity surveyors judging the value of information?" This paper looks to investigate quantity surveyor’s information life-cycle within design centre environment. Investigation throughout people, process, and technology indicate that existing working flow is hard to be changed. At current stage of BIM, its contribution is focusing on bills of quantities. Because of lacking of a sufficient filter mechanism, quantity surveyor can not provide the insight view of information, where already been recorded throughout construction project process, e.g. Life Cycling Costing (LCC). Technology is available on providing such service, but the development on such system is stopped.

This presentation (and video) explains the BIM Fields model, the first dimension of the Tri-axial Model. BIM Fields refer to all topics, activities, and actors across the BIM domain. The Venn diagram (three overlapping circles) identifies Field Types (Technology, Process and Policy), Field Components (Players, Deliverables and Requirements), Field interactions and Field overlaps.

- by Bilal Succar
- •
- Information Technology, Technology, E-learning, Construction Management

The construction industry has been applying the same approach in building projects for years. This has led some issues ranging from cost and time overruns, site safety, lack of adoption of new methods, etc. Only recently, the concept of Building Information Modeling (BIM) was introduced by Professor Charles M. Eastman in the 1970s which designed to help in overcoming these problems. BIM is the process and practice of virtual design and construction throughout its lifecycle. It is a platform for sharing knowledge and communicates between project participants. It goes well beyond the useful application of 3D Computer Aided Design (CAD). It provides a significant shift of exchanging information digitally rather than paper based exchanges. BIM offers the potential of reducing project cost, decreasing project delivery time and increase productivity and quality. The discussion will be based on how BIM will help to reduce project cost and project delivery time.

- by Muhammad Izzat Syakir Ishak
- •
- BIM-technology

Building classification systems have established standard terminology and semantics for the construction sector. It is critical to use classification systems when dealing with specifications, structuring of documents and cost estimation. Classifying building product models in a standard way is a major step in organizing building product libraries. By giving the proper classification code to the product models, they can be arranged for different purposes such as cost estimation. However, several classification systems have been developed across the globe such as Uniclass in the UK and OmniClass in North America. Each system has been developed for a different purpose since the same collection of objects can be classified with different criteria. This paper studies four classification systems that are being used for classifying building product models. We structured four specific criteria to study these classification systems. We first argue that each criterion has a major role in defining different classification systems. These four criteria are: purpose and properties of the classification system, framework of the system, grouping principle within the system, organization and taxonomies of tables. Then considering these criteria, a comparison among the selected classification systems is presented.

This review article presents a brief historical overview of the
implementation of the BIM (building information modeling) platform in Brazil and abroad. Its object of analysis comprises Academic Institutions, as well as the professional practice in architecture offices and building construction companies. The study identifies the main advantages and difficulties relating to the BIM application and utilization.

- by Gilda Lucia Bakker Batista de Menezes
- •
- BIM-technology

—. The teaching workgroup of the CoDE Lab of the Politecnico di Milano has always believed that analyzing, deconstructing and reconstructing the architecture teaches a lot in terms of understanding. If the process is done correctly, it entirely retraces the creative dynamics developed by the original designer. Subsequently, the practice we developed in teamwork is to choose a notable architectural work, designed and/or created by a Master of architecture, and to reproduce it in all details: aesthetical-formal, morphological, technological, structural, modular, etc. The final result is a well-developed reconstructed model of great specific interest. The true subject deals with architects of great stature and professional capabilities, who based their work and their career on the application of original "methods", rules and logics representing the foundation of their architecture. This case study deals with a recent research line based on Andrea Palladio's architecture, and especially on his villas. Palladio is one of the most famous and imitated architect of the world and his architecture has deeply affected whole generations of architects. Palladio is also one of the first, and most known, architects-writers and in his books we can get enough information to study and to do a 3D CAAD reconstruction, also of those parts that have never been built.

The Energy analysis has become one of the important parameter of building design, and it gaining more importance as energy crises and global warming is becoming worst day by day. When energy analysis is started from the conceptual designing phase of the project it is the most useful as the design is in its most flexible stage and many changes can be done on the design and maximum energy can be saved. In Earlier days Energy analysis used to take too much time but now with BIM model it can be done very quickly. As In BIM model same model can be used directly for Energy analysis using Autodesk Energy analysis tools where there is no need to do complex calculations. This paper is the study done on residential building analysis using BIM technology.

- by IJEETS Journal and +1
- •
- Housing & Residential Design, Renewable Energy, Sustainable Building Design, Building Energy Simulation

There is a growing interest in the integration of BIM and GIS.
However, most of the research is focused on importing BIM data in GIS
applications and vice versa. Real integration of BIM and GIS is using the
strong parts of the GIS technology in BIM, and of course the strong parts
from BIM technology in GIS. In this paper a mix of strong parts from both
worlds is integrated in a single project. The paper describes the development
of a CityGML extension called GeoBIM to get semantic IFC data
into a GIS context. The conversion of IFC to CityGML (including the
GeoBIM extension) is implemented in the open source Building Information
Modelserver.

- by Aruaman K Ataria
- •
- BIM Education, BIM-technology

La Matriz de Madurez BIM (BIm3) es una Herramienta de Conocimiento para identificar la Madurez BIM actual de organizaciones o Equipos de Proyecto. La BIm3 tiene 2 ejes: el Conjunto de Capacidades BIM y el Índice de Madurez BIM. La Matriz de Madurez BIM está pensada para la auto-evaluación de organizaciones a un nivel bajo. Este documento se publicó en Inglés el 7 de julio de 2016. La versión española ha sido traducida por Víctor Roig de BIMETRIC Laboratorio de Procesos SL.

- by Bilal Succar
- •
- Spanish, Construction Technology, Construction Management, Assessing Performance

The construction industry is ever evolving with increasing performance demand. Project handover deadlines are shorter, costs are tighter, regulation more stringent, project briefs are more complex, construction procurement methods more varied, Technology forever developing, parallel to technology quality more difficult to achieve and maintain. How do we, as construction professionals, respond to these increasing demands and retain implementing quality in an environment of such increasing complexity and competing constrain? The purpose is to deconstruct the process of managing construction site to investigate how a BIM approach to design and development as well as documentation might assist us to meet the future demands of implementation and site management practice. I will try to focus on present techniques used and successfully implemented examples, especially with the help of BIM tools to assist the process of site management. This report will show an outline methodology in regard to the site management work flow in practice. Particular emphasis will be placed upon the fast track nature of site implementation that is becoming more commonplace in the construction industry. These approaches, supported by property developed and implemented standard and procedures will assist to maximize the efficiency of our practice's workflow as well as clarify some myths under the increasing pressure of contemporary site management.

- by Kawser Chowdhury
- •
- BIM-technology

Construction projects involve multidisciplinary and multi-actor collaborations that generate massive amounts of data over their lifecycle. Data are often sensitive, and embody rights, ownership and intellectual property of the creator. Managing project information raises concerns about security, inconsistency and loss of data. Conventional approach of dealing with the complexities of data management involves the adoption of BIM based solutions that lack suitable means for the governance of collaboration, and access and archival of managed data. To overcome the limitations of BIM, Cloud-based governance solutions have been suggested as a way forward. However, there is a lack of understanding of construction ICT (Information and Communication Technology) practices from the perspectives of data management and governance. This paper aims to fill this gap; first, by exploring barriers related to BIM adoption and collaboration practices, in particular, issues related to data management and governance that can potentially be ameliorated with Cloud technologies, and second, by identifying key requirements for Cloud-based BIM governance solutions. A structured questionnaire was conducted among informed construction practitioners in this study. The findings reveal several barriers to BIM adoption alongside ICT and collaboration issues with an urgent need to develop a BIM governance solution underpinned by cloud technology. Further, a number of important requirements for developing BIM governance solutions have been identified.

Abstract
Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) is a novel prototype library of parametric objects, based on historic architectural data, in addition to a mapping system for plotting the library objects onto laser scan survey data. The HBIM process begins with remote collection of survey data using a terrestrial laser scanner. This is then followed by the processing of the laser scan survey data to generate ortho-image and segmented point cloud data for mapping of library objects. The next stage involves the design of new shape and parametric rules for the construction of a library of objects that are based on 18th century architectural pattern books. In building parametric objects, the problem of file format and exchange of data have been overcome by using Geometric Descriptive Language (GDL). The final stage in the HBIM process is the development of a mapping system for plotting of the parametric objects as building components onto ortho-image and segmented point cloud data to create or form the entire building. The final HBIM product consists of building full 3D models including detail behind the object’s surface, relating to its methods of construction and material make-up. HBIM can automatically generate conservation documentation in the form of survey data, orthographic drawings, schedules and 3D CAD models for both the analysis and conservation of historic objects, structures and environments. HBIM was evaluated through an end users’ scenario test and through consultation with an expert group working in the architectural heritage sector. The expert group carried out a review of conservation documentation produced from HBIM. In addition, the accuracy of HBIM was measured by comparing a sample of data from HBIM with related ground truth data. The outcome of the software testing indicated that HBIM was effective in producing conservation documentation. Additional design inputs were identified to improve the accuracy of the system expanding the parameters of the library objects and upgrading the mapping system.

- by MAURICE MURPHY
- •
- Archaeology, Architecture, Cultural Heritage, Heritage Conservation

This presentation (and video) introduces the BIM Framework, its principles and goals. It also explains how the BIM Framework is composed of multiple interconnected part, each simplifying a complex topic, identifying a workflow, or... more

- by Bilal Succar
- •
- Information Technology, E-learning, Construction Management, BIM (Architecture)

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a trendy topic, and rightly so. It is a new approach for the use of data and information in the construction industry which will have a huge impact, affecting not only how built assets are designed and constructed, but how they are operated too. As the application of BIM is evolving rapidly, perspectives on BIM vary and may cause confusion. The whitepaper that we have produced aims to address these concerns and clarify the key benefits of BIM according to ARCADIS.

In the past several years, Building Information Modeling (BIM) adoption has grown significantly in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. In response to this trend, the industry and academia realized that BIM education in university curricula is an important requirement for satisfying educational demands of the industry, and a notable body of research has reported strategies AEC programs implemented to incorporate BIM in their curricula. However, no study has comprehensively reviewed and synthesized the research on strategies adopted by educators. To bridge this gap in the literature, this paper presents a systematic review of research on BIM curriculum design in AEC education. The authors report on the trends of research on BIM curriculum design (e.g. methods, timelines, and contexts) as well as a synthesis of implemented pedagogical strategies with detailed discussions on their implications and effectiveness across different studies and contexts. These strategies address a variety of important pedagogical issues such as enrolment of students, optional or required BIM use, important competencies and skills, tutoring methods, industry engagement, designing assignments, and assessment methods and criteria. This synthesis shows that designing pedagogical strategies for BIM education is complex and challenging, and AEC programs need to make trade-offs between advantages and disadvantages associated with these strategies. The results also highlight the need for more diverse research designs and settings to bridge the gaps identified in BIM curriculum research to date. Finally, the authors present a literature-based framework of BIM curriculum design strategies as well as a set of recommendations that can be used BIM educators and researchers as a guide for designing or assessing their BIM curricula in future research.

- by Hamid Abdirad and +1
- •
- BIM (Architecture), Building Information Modeling (BIM) (Architecture), BIM Education, BIM-technology