Energetic particles Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

The possibility of quasi-stable trapping of charged particles of hundreds keV–MeV energy on the front side Earth magnetosphere is explored in this article by numerical modeling of the single particle orbits in the geomagnetic field... more

The possibility of quasi-stable trapping of charged particles of hundreds keV–MeV energy on the front side Earth magnetosphere is explored in this article by numerical modeling of the single particle orbits in the geomagnetic field utilizing empirical Tsyganenko model. On the front ...

The materials science aspects of the use of both polymeric and inorganic solids as detectors for energetic particles are reviewed. The various models proposed to explain the formation of an etchable track by a penetrating particle are... more

The materials science aspects of the use of both polymeric and inorganic solids as detectors for energetic particles are reviewed. The various models proposed to explain the formation of an etchable track by a penetrating particle are discussed, as is the nature and the geometric consequences of the etching process itself. An account is given of the wide-ranging applications of

NOx and HOx production in the upper atmosphere caused by geomagnetic phenomena such as EPP (Energetic particles precipitation), under the appropriate meteorological conditions may descent within the polar vortex. Such phenomenon can... more

NOx and HOx production in the upper atmosphere caused by geomagnetic phenomena such as EPP (Energetic particles precipitation), under the appropriate meteorological conditions may descent within the polar vortex. Such phenomenon can modify substantially the NOy budget of upper stratosphere and participate in catalytic processes controlling ozone of polar regions. However, the inclusion in existing stratospheric models of ionic or

Exposure of collector mirrors facing the hot, dense pinch plasma in plasma-based EUV light sources remains one of the highest critical issues of source component lifetime and commercial feasibility of EUV lithography technology. Studies... more

Exposure of collector mirrors facing the hot, dense pinch plasma in plasma-based EUV light sources remains one of the highest critical issues of source component lifetime and commercial feasibility of EUV lithography technology. Studies at Argonne have focused on understanding the underlying mechanisms that hinder collector mirror performance under Sn exposure and developing methods to mitigate them. Both Sn ion irradiation and thermal evaporation exposes candidate mirrors tested (i.e., Ru, Rh and Pd) in the experimental facility known as IMPACT (Interaction of Materials with charged Particles and Components Testing). Studies have led to an understanding of how Sn energetic ions compared to Sn thermal atoms affect three main surface properties of the collector mirror: 1) surface chemical state, 2) surface structure and 3) surface morphology. All these properties are crucial in understanding how collector mirrors will respond to Sn-based EUV source operation. This is primarily due to...

ABSTRACT The Solar Intensity X-ray and particle Spectrometer (SIXS) on the BepiColombo Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) will investigate the direct solar X-rays, and energetic protons and electrons which pass the Spacecraft on their way to... more

ABSTRACT The Solar Intensity X-ray and particle Spectrometer (SIXS) on the BepiColombo Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) will investigate the direct solar X-rays, and energetic protons and electrons which pass the Spacecraft on their way to the surface of Mercury. These measurements are vitally important for understanding quantitatively the processes that make Mercury's surface glow in X-rays, since all X-rays from Mercury are due to interactions of the surface with incoming highly energetic photons and space particles. The X-ray emission of Mercury's surface will be analysed to understand its structure and composition. SIXS data will also be utilised for studies of the solar X-ray corona, flares, solar energetic particles, and the magnetosphere of Mercury, and for providing information on solar eruptions to other BepiColombo instruments.SIXS consists of two detector subsystems. The X-ray detector system includes three identical GaAs PIN detectors which measure the solar spectrum at 1–20 keV energy range, and their combined field-of-view covers ∼1/4 of the whole sky. The particle detector system consists of an assembly including a cubic central CsI(Tl) scintillator detector with five of its six surfaces covered by a thin Si detector, which together perform low-resolution particle spectroscopy with a rough angular resolution over a field-of-view covering ∼1/4 of the whole sky. The energy range of detected particle spectra is 0.1–3 MeV for electrons and 1–30 MeV for protons.A major task for the SIXS instrument is the measurement of solar X-rays on the dayside of Mercury's surface to enable modeling of X-ray fluorescence and scattering on the planet's surface. Since highly energetic particles are expected to also induce a significant amount of X-ray emission via particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and bremsstrahlung when they are absorbed by the solid surface of the planet Mercury, SIXS performs measurements of fluxes and spectra of protons and electrons. SIXS performs particle measurement at all orbital phases of the MPO as the particle radiation can occur also on the night side of Mercury.The energy ranges, resolutions, and timings of X-ray and particle measurements by SIXS have been adjusted to match with the requirements for interpretation of data from Mercury's surface, to be performed by utilising the data of the Mercury Imaging X-ray Spectrometer (MIXS), which will measure X-ray emission from the surface.

On 14 July 2000, the LASCO coronagraphs showed a very fast halo coronal mass ejection in association with the radio bursts seen shortly after 10:00 UT. Radio imaging observations by the Nançay radioheliograph (NRH) of these bursts showed... more

On 14 July 2000, the LASCO coronagraphs showed a very fast halo coronal mass ejection in association with the radio bursts seen shortly after 10:00 UT. Radio imaging observations by the Nançay radioheliograph (NRH) of these bursts showed a very complex event that can be regarded as global: the sources encompassed all the visible range in longitude and a huge span

A recently published article in Science 1 by the Pierre Auger Laboratory, has helped pinpoint the source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays, which are the most energetic particles known in the universe. The sources found indicate support for... more

A recently published article in Science 1 by the Pierre Auger Laboratory, has helped pinpoint the source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays, which are the most energetic particles known in the universe. The sources found indicate support for the "active galactic nuclei" theory, which is that the ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic rays come from super massive black holes found at the centers of galaxies. The Pierre Auger Observatory 2 records the extensive air showers through an array of 1,600 particle detectors placed 1.5 km apart in a grid spread across 3000 square kilometers. In light of this latest development the author wishes to discuss extensive air showers.