Food Availability Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

The feeding of 2 sympatric larval myctophids, Diogenichthys laternatus and Triphoturus mexicanus aff. oculeus, was analyzed in an upwelling area off northern Chile (23° S, 71° W). Diel feeding period, feeding incidence, feeding... more

The feeding of 2 sympatric larval myctophids, Diogenichthys laternatus and Triphoturus mexicanus aff. oculeus, was analyzed in an upwelling area off northern Chile (23° S, 71° W). Diel feeding period, feeding incidence, feeding selectivity and diet overlap was estimated under different environmental conditions: coastal and oceanic areas and 2 depth strata in summer and winter 1997. Analyses were based on

... Benni W. Hansen · Guillaume Drillet · Reinhardt M. Kristensen · Thomas F. Sørensen · Majken T. Tøttrup ... ultrastructure and having a thicker egg shell with surface ornamentation as opposed to the smooth shell found in subitaneous... more

... Benni W. Hansen · Guillaume Drillet · Reinhardt M. Kristensen · Thomas F. Sørensen · Majken T. Tøttrup ... ultrastructure and having a thicker egg shell with surface ornamentation as opposed to the smooth shell found in subitaneous eggs that hatch within days (Belmonte in J Mar ...

In this chapter, the main features of current models for predicting the dynamics of house mice ( Mus domesticus ) populations are reviewed and an assessment made of their data requirements and their ability to contribute to the effective... more

In this chapter, the main features of current models for predicting the dynamics of house mice ( Mus domesticus ) populations are reviewed and an assessment made of their data requirements and their ability to contribute to the effective management of mice in Australia. In addition, recent progress with quantifying aspects of the dynamics of mouse populations in the Mallee

In heterogeneous habitats with limiled resources, spacing behaviour will affect individual variation in breeding success and density of populations, and is thus of general interest to ecologists. We investigated how red squirrels Sciurus... more

In heterogeneous habitats with limiled resources, spacing behaviour will affect individual variation in breeding success and density of populations, and is thus of general interest to ecologists. We investigated how red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris adapl their social organisation to tine-grained heterogeneity in habitat quality, studying spacing behaviour, habitat use and population dynamics in a forest in north Italy, characterised by a mosaic of high-quality (chestnut-pine) and poor-quality patches. We compared the data witfi those ...

The mara is a near threatened Caviomorph, endemic to Argentina. Studies on feeding ecology allow assessment of the dietary adaptability of maras to habitat changes. The mara diet and food availability on two sampling sites, belonging to... more

The mara is a near threatened Caviomorph, endemic to Argentina. Studies on feeding ecology allow assessment of the dietary adaptability of maras to habitat changes. The mara diet and food availability on two sampling sites, belonging to distinct landscapes of Northern Patagonia, were estimated using microhistological analysis and point-quadrat transects, over four seasons, and besides during an extended drought. Significant

Lack of adequate nutrient supply and poor soil structure are the principal constraints to crop production under low input agriculture systems of West Africa. Experiments at two sites (Mediga and Yimtenga) were conducted in Burkina Faso to... more

Lack of adequate nutrient supply and poor soil structure are the principal constraints to crop production under low input agriculture systems of West Africa. Experiments at two sites (Mediga and Yimtenga) were conducted in Burkina Faso to assess the impact of compost on improving crop production and soil properties. In the first experiment, compost was applied at the rate of 0 and 10 Mg ha−1 in Mediga on a Ferric Lixisol, and 5 and 0 Mg ha−1 on a Ferric-gleyic Lixisol in Yimtenga. A second experiment was conducted in Yimtenga to assess the role of compost in mitigating the effect of delay in sowing on crop performance. 0 and 5 Mg ha−1 compost plots were sown within the normal period for sowing sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and with a delay of 1 month. A randomised block design was used with four replications for the two experiments.Semi-structured interviews were used to study socio-economic issues of compost technology. No significant difference in soil organic matter content was found between treatments receiving compost and no-compost. However, compost application increased soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) from 4 to 6 cmol kg−1. Soil pH was also increased by the compost application. Sorghum yield tripled on the 10 Mg ha−1 compost plots and increased by 45% on the 5 Mg ha−1 compost plots, compared to no-compost plots. Compost application mitigated the negative effects of a delay in sowing. The study showed that farmers were aware of the role of compost in sustaining yield and improving soil quality. However, lack of equipment and adequate organic material for making compost, land tenure and the intensive labour required for making compost are major constraints for the adoption of compost technology. It was concluded that compost application could contribute to increase food availability in the Sahel and therefore, efforts should be made to alleviate the socio-economic constraints to the adoption of compost technology.

Food is considered as one of the three basic needs for survival of the human race. Therefore, a nutritious and balanced diet consisting of right amount of vitamins, minerals and other essential nutrients is sine qua non so as to maintain... more

Food is considered as one of the three basic needs for survival of the human race. Therefore, a nutritious and balanced diet consisting of right amount of vitamins, minerals and other essential nutrients is sine qua non so as to maintain the minimum prescribed health standards of living beings. Inaccessibility to proper food sources can lead to malnutrition and starvation, and in extreme cases, it may lead to death, which indirectly violates one’s Right to Life enshrined under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. Hence, in a hugely populated country like India, although not entitled as Fundamental Rights of Citizens in the Constitution, The Right to Food is rightfully included in Article 47 of its Constitution as a directive principle of the State Policy which is also incidental to the fundamental right to life and personal liberty. The issue of food security, poverty and starvation rises to a critical level during these unfortunate Covid 19 Pandemic .The four dimensions namely; food availability, food accessibility, food stability and food utilization are regarded as foundation pillars of food security. An attempt has been made in this research enquiry to examine the situation of food availability in India and its accessibility in the midst of the pandemic. A research enquiry is also been done on the functionality and effectiveness of Public distribution System in dealing with the current food crisis situation.

Vertical migration of Daphnia represents the best-studied predator-avoidance behaviour known; yet the mechanisms underlying the choice to migrate require further investigation to understand the role of environmental context. To... more

Vertical migration of Daphnia represents the best-studied predator-avoidance behaviour known; yet the mechanisms underlying the choice to migrate require further investigation to understand the role of environmental context. To investigate the optimal habitat choice of Daphnia ...

Over the past 100 years, ethnic minorities and the poor have become increasingly concentrated and isolated in low-income urban neighborhoods. While the demographic changes in cities are well documented, the parallel history of urban... more

Over the past 100 years, ethnic minorities and the poor have become increasingly concentrated and isolated in low-income urban neighborhoods. While the demographic changes in cities are well documented, the parallel history of urban retailing is less well known. Little research has been done on changes in urban food retailing, particularly as they concern the urban poor. As the residential character of urban neighborhoods changed during the 20th century, so did the amenities available in those neighborhoods. The low point for urban retailing was in the 1980s, when cities experienced a net loss of supermarkets even as, nationally, store openings exceeded closings. The trend toward fewer, bigger stores located outside cities has continued to the present. Some critics have referred to this disinclination of large chains to locate in cities as `supermarket redlining'. Changes in food availability are a key element in the changing social conditions of the urban poor and, as good nutrition is critical for good health, a contributing factor in the decline of urban health. This paper will examine changes in urban retail food availability, the impact these changes have had on the health status of the urban poor, strategies utilized by the urban poor to address inadequate access to quality food sources, and the role of supermarkets in distressed communities.

Food security has deteriorated since 1995 and reductions in child malnutrition are proceeding too slowly to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target for halving hunger by 2015. Three major challenges threaten to drastically... more

Food security has deteriorated since 1995 and reductions in child malnutrition are proceeding too slowly to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target for halving hunger by 2015. Three major challenges threaten to drastically complicate efforts to overcome food insecurity and malnutrition: climate change, the growing use of food crops as a source of fuel and soaring food prices. Food