Public Transport Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

In developing countries, like India, the increasing horizontal spread of the cities and the decentralized nature of development have led to the increased travelling demand. In order to suffice the people’s need for travelling, various... more

In developing countries, like India, the increasing horizontal spread of the cities and the decentralized nature of development have led to the increased travelling demand. In order to suffice the people’s need for travelling, various transportation modes, having different attributes, have been introduced gradually in the transportation system viz. public city bus, taxi/cab, auto-rickshaw, private vehicle, etc. The trip makers decide the suitability of a mode with respect to his/her criteria which may be classified as quantitative (includes, travel time, travel cost, waiting time etc.) and qualitative (includes, reliability, comfort, convenience, etc.). In this study, the modal share of the Garia-Park Circus corridor in Kolkata, India has been tried to be estimated for work trips only. Transit, Para-transit and Personal vehicles are considered here. The criteria selected for the modeling are Travel Time (TT), Travel Cost (TC), Comfort, Convenience (Waiting Time), Reliability and Dust and Noise. The utility perceived by the trip makers for each of the alternative modes is collected through questionnaire survey and the scaling of the stated preferences is done by psychometric scaling technique.

This article reflects upon the impact that technology and innovation has had on urban development. From NASA's Landstat program, to Google maps and GPS, technlogy has had a significant impact on urban planning and land use law. The... more

This article reflects upon the impact that technology and innovation has had on urban development. From NASA's Landstat program, to Google maps and GPS, technlogy has had a significant impact on urban planning and land use law. The article begins with a discussion of the impact of the elevator and steel technologies on urban architecture and density, and then moves to changes in transportation such as the automobile and the development of public transportation systems. Green buildings, GIS, satellite data, online mapping, personal computers, the Internet and cell phones are all examined.

Este trabajo trata sobre la caracterizacion, o perfil de conducta que muestran los conductores de los vehiculos automotores moto-taxi, que circulan en la via publica, describiendo la forma en que se conducen dentro del municipio de... more

Este trabajo trata sobre la caracterizacion, o perfil de conducta que muestran los conductores de los vehiculos automotores moto-taxi, que circulan en la via publica, describiendo la forma en que se conducen dentro del municipio de Guastatoya departamento de El Progreso, el mismo aborda la investigacion–accion, frente a la situacion que enfrentan vecinos de este municipio en cuanto a seguridad vial se refiere.

Abstract: In Malaysia, the rapid increase in the use of own transport prompted by inadequate public transport has resulted in increased traffic congestion, accidents, inadequate parking space and air pollution among other evils. This... more

Abstract: In Malaysia, the rapid increase in the use of own transport prompted by inadequate public transport has resulted in increased traffic congestion, accidents, inadequate parking space and air pollution among other evils. This study sought to identify the factors preventing own transport users from shifting to public transport and to develop model shift from car to public transport in order to formulate the policies to achieve this. A survey was carried out on users of private and public (both bus and urban train transport)(n= 1350). Multinomial legit ...

На протяжении последних 15 лет в московском наземном транспорте функционировала турникетная система. В сентябре 2018 г. турникеты полностью убрали из салонов, аргументируя тем, что пассажиры стали более сознательно подходить к оплате... more

На протяжении последних 15 лет в московском наземном транспорте функционировала турникетная система. В сентябре 2018 г. турникеты полностью убрали из салонов, аргументируя тем, что пассажиры стали более сознательно подходить к оплате проезда, чему их, собственно, научили турникеты. Задача исследования — показать, какой пользовательский опыт выработала турникетная система за время своего существования. Оплату проезда в транспорте принято объяснять работой двух принципов: доверия и контроля. Принцип доверия заключается в формировании устойчивых отношений между пассажирами и перевозчиком, где каждая сторона подчеркивает заинтересованность друг в друге. Принцип контроля подразумевает усиление наблюдения за оплатой проезда и появление механизмов принуждения со стороны перевозчика. Мы сделаем акцент на описании работы другого принципа, который слабо учитывается в дискуссии об эффективности турникетной системы, — дисциплины. В декабре 2017 г. мы проводили наблюдение за тем, как пассажиры пользуются турникетом при оплате проезда через валидатор у передней двери. Это был последний месяц повсеместной работы турникетов (с 1 января 2018 г. их сняли на более чем 70 маршрутах). Нам удалось выявить, что прохождение турникета ставит пассажира в неудобную ситуацию: в условиях давления со стороны очереди необходимо максимально быстро прислонить проездной билет к валидатору и протиснуться с сумками и детьми через турникет. В такой ситуации пассажиры в основном фокусируют внимание не на тех сигналах, которые сообщает валидатор, а на необходимости механического прокручивания ножек турникета. Сейчас, когда уже турникеты сняли со всех маршрутов наземного транспорта, мы наблюдаем отсутствие сформировавшейся привычки сознательного взаимодействия с валидаторами. Пассажиры, если прислоняют проездные билеты к валидатору, чаще всего мало внимания уделяют, удалось ли валидатору распознать билет и списать поездку. В результате мы приходим к выводу, что связи между 15-летним функционированием турникетной системы и сознательной оплатой проезда нет. Таким образом, стратегическое взаимодействие власти и пассажиров демонстрирует, что, помимо формирования доверительных отношений и механизмов контроля, важно учитывать дисциплинарную компоненту пользовательского опыта.

One of the most important problems occurring while designing public transport vehicles consists in providing an effective control of the door opening systems. The methods of carrying out the investigations presented in the paper include... more

One of the most important problems occurring while designing public transport vehicles consists in providing an effective control of the door opening systems. The methods of carrying out the investigations presented in the paper include structural and kinematic analysis of the door opening mechanisms and simulation of their operation in applied software. The paper analyses the design and operational peculiarities of the turning-and-shunting mechanism of door opening of electric public transport. The corresponding design of the mechanism is proposed. It is suggested to be driven by pneumatic drive. The simplified diagram of the mechanism is constructed. Structural and kinematic analysis of the mechanism is performed, and the analytical dependencies for describing the motion of its links during the door opening/closing are derived. The main kinematic parameters of the studied mechanism are investigated on the basis of the derived analytical dependencies in MathCAD software, as well as by means of simulating the motion of the solid-state model of the mechanism designed in SolidWorks software. The conclusions about the agreement of the results of theoretical investigations performed on the basis of numerical solving the obtained motion equations and of the virtual experiment (motion simulation in SolidWorks software) are drawn. The analysis of energy efficiency of the investigated turning-and-shunting door opening mechanism of electric public transport is carried out. Prescribing the resistance force acting on the door leaf and calculating the corresponding door motion speed during its closing, the dependency of the nominal power supply of the mechanism drive as a function of corresponding generalized coordinates was deduced. Analyzing the obtained results, the authors have established that the necessary nominal power of the turning-and-shunting mechanism drive is almost twice larger than the necessary nominal power of the widely used leaning-and-shunting mechanism. Further investigations on the subject of the paper can be performed in the direction of developing different control systems providing safe and reliable operation of the considered door opening mechanism driven be electric and pneumatic actuators.

This paperprovides detailed account of the transport patterns at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), including its motivations, barriers and user preferences, andexplores the main transport challenges faced by the UAB... more

This paperprovides detailed account of the transport patterns at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), including its motivations, barriers and user preferences, andexplores the main transport challenges faced by the UAB campus.This suburban university is an important transport activity generatorin the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, which is committed to achieving sustainable transportation.Results have been obtained through a personal survey (n¼5525) of members of the university community. Theses how that the main limitations for changing travel mode from private means to nonmotorised or public modes of transport are: the lack of adequate infrastructure, the marginal role of walking and cycling as a means of transport, and the longer time in volved using public transport.

Transport in India is both a necessity as well as convenience. Public transport still remains the primary mode of transport for most of the population and India’s public transport system are among the most heavily utilized in the world.... more

Transport in India is both a necessity as well as convenience. Public transport still remains the primary mode of transport for most of the population and India’s public transport system are among the most heavily utilized in the world. India being a developing economy, road transport deserves a high priority as it forms the backbone of both the passenger transport and freight movement. The private sector operators are also occupying a part in the passenger services in the country. Share auto-rickshaws are mostly found only in capital cities until one decade ago. Now it is a common sight that even in semi-urban areas share auto-rickshaws are plying connecting the network of rural areas. The present article has drawn its strength from such a social background and thus assumed a greater social relevance to-day.

Housing has always been about privilege and scarce resources, since it has exchange as well as use value. One of those scarcities is the locational advantage of access to home, work and other amenities. Sydney's transport and housing has... more

Housing has always been about privilege and scarce resources, since it has exchange as well as use value. One of those scarcities is the locational advantage of access to home, work and other amenities. Sydney's transport and housing has been through several distinct phases: first focused on privileged access to scarce transport routes, then on a relatively egalitarian tram network, followed by the model of car-based suburbia which became increasingly unworkable and inegalitarian. The article identifies an emerging model where decent public transport itself becomes a bankable asset with speculative exchange value. This article briefly describes the earlier stages before exploring the new model, which is only now becoming clear from New South Wales government decisions about metro and light rail transport routes, from Rouse Hill to Bankstown and Parramatta to Strathfield.

Urban mobility is a key determinant of household social status. The capacity to traverse urban space to undertake employment and to obtain the various goods and services that contribute to social wellbeing is dependent upon the transport... more

Urban mobility is a key determinant of household social status. The capacity to traverse urban space to undertake employment and to obtain the various goods and services that contribute to social wellbeing is dependent upon the transport options available to households. Contemporary planning for urban mobility is overwhelmingly focused on catering for travel by private automobile. Households that lack the financial or personal capacities to travel by car are potentially at a disadvantage in their ability to ...

This is a comparative study of the levels of government subvention in urban public transport in European cities. It was carried out by the Department of Economics in University College Dublin for the Department of Public Enterprise. The... more

This is a comparative study of the levels of government subvention in urban public transport in European cities. It was carried out by the Department of Economics in University College Dublin for the Department of Public Enterprise. The report presents the comparative analysis for cities and also provides summary tables by country on public subvention of urban transport systems

Abstract: The car is the second (40%) most common mode of transportation in Malaysia. The rapid increase in the use of personal transportation has its roots in the weak Malaysian public transport system. As a result, traffic congestion,... more

Abstract: The car is the second (40%) most common mode of transportation in Malaysia. The rapid increase in the use of personal transportation has its roots in the weak Malaysian public transport system. As a result, traffic congestion, accidents, air pollution and need for parking space among other evils, have escalated. In this study, policies aimed at discouraging the use of private transportation were studied.

The pressing need for uniform data reporting and accounting procedures has been noted by officials at many levels of government. In order to serve more than one agency, a transportation provider must frequently comply with distinct... more

The pressing need for uniform data reporting and accounting procedures has been noted by officials at many levels of government. In order to serve more than one agency, a transportation provider must frequently comply with distinct accounting and record-keeping procedures for each agency. In addition, billing structures and methods of billing for transportation vary from program to program and agency to agency. These variations may lead to confusion on the part of clients, providers, and agency administrators (5). Several demonstration programs are currently under way to address these billing and accounting issues (1,5). The presentation of the seven charging proc;d~res described in this paper should aid in the design of model administrative structures that, under the mandate of the demonstration programs " •.• should be flexible enough to allow transportation providers to report information in formats familiar to the transportation industry, and yet consistent with the mandate...

Urban passenger transportation in the U.S. has been heavily dependent on car modes, mainly due to prevailing trends in urban development. However, transportation mode choice studies are currently limited to micro-level and regional-level... more

Urban passenger transportation in the U.S. has been heavily dependent on car modes, mainly due to prevailing trends in urban development. However, transportation mode choice studies are currently limited to micro-level and regional-level boundaries, lacking of presenting a complete picture of the issues and the root causes associated with urban passenger transportation choices in the U.S. To this end, further analysis from a system perspective is required to investigate the interdependencies among system parameters more thoroughly, thus revealing the underlying mechanisms contributing or causing the low public transportation use in the U.S. Hence, system dynamics modeling approach is utilized to capture complex causal relationships among the critical system parameters affecting public transportation ridership in the U.S. as well as to identify possible policy areas to improve public transportation ridership rates. Considering the high degree of uncertainties inherent to the problem, multivariate sensitivity analysis is utilized to explore the effectiveness of existing and possible policy implications up to the year 2050 in the terms of their potential to increase transit ridership and locating critical parameters that influences the most on mode choice and emission rates. Transportation mode choice behavior is projected to change slightly and reach up to a maximum of 7.25% of public transportation ridership until 2050. Analysis results reveal that the effects of trip length and rate are by far the most influential factors. Both parameters are 99% sensitive compared to all other factors including the effects of fuel tax policies, federal funds for public transportation, use of alternative green bus technologies, increasing private vehicle occupancy rates, etc. on negative environmental, economic, and social impacts of transportation. This finding highlights how important urban structures are to secure the future of public transportation in the U.S. as the existing urban structures and the shared-idea in the minds of the society about how urban transportation should be (the prevailing paradigm) are the root causes of excessive trip generation and increasing average trip lengths. Thus a paradigm-shift, a radical change in the shared-idea in the minds of the society about existing urban structures, is needed.

Tematem pracy jest analiza możliwości przedłużenia trasy tramwajowej na osiedle mieszkaniowe Różany Potok w Poznaniu. Celem pracy było opracowanie koncepcji oraz opracowanie wstępnego projektu przebiegu przedłużenia trasy tramwajowej wraz... more

Tematem pracy jest analiza możliwości przedłużenia trasy tramwajowej na osiedle mieszkaniowe Różany Potok w Poznaniu. Celem pracy było opracowanie koncepcji oraz opracowanie wstępnego projektu przebiegu przedłużenia trasy tramwajowej wraz z zagospodarowaniem terenów wokół planowanej pętli tramwajowej.
W pracy przeanalizowano występujące warunki przyrodnicze, urbanistyczne i ekonomiczno-społeczne. Zbadane zostały też uwarunkowania transportowe i własnościowe występujące na opracowanym obszarze. Wytyczony został przebieg trasy oraz lokalizacja planowanych przystanków wraz zasięgiem ich dostępności dla mieszkańców. Wstępne oszacowanie kosztów poszczególnych robót pozwoliło określić kapitałochłonność całej inwestycji. Dla fragmentu trasy oraz terów otaczających projektowaną pętlę tramwajową został sporządzony projekt koncepcyjny spełniający obowiązujące normy i przepisy prawne wraz z wstępnymi rozwiązaniami technicznymi

The paper is devoted to the timetabling problem and interval synchronization in urban public communication, which is considered as an important issue in urban transport networks with long overlapping route segments. The main objective of... more

The paper is devoted to the timetabling problem and interval synchronization in urban public communication, which is considered as an important issue in urban transport networks with long overlapping route segments. The main objective of interval synchronization is to determine the timetable of lines sharing route segments, so that the waiting time between arrivals of consecutive buses can be balanced. Although the experts agree on the objective, different approaches to the interval synchronization problem in urban public communication can be observed. In this paper approaches to this problem are reviewed from the perspective of specific goals adopted, models developed for the problem, and methods used for solving them.

It is widely recognised that congestion pricing could be an effective measure to solve environmental and congestion problems in urban areas--a reform that normally also would generate a net welfare surplus. Despite this the implementation... more

It is widely recognised that congestion pricing could be an effective measure to solve environmental and congestion problems in urban areas--a reform that normally also would generate a net welfare surplus. Despite this the implementation of congestion pricing has been very slow. One reason for a low public and political acceptance could be that equity impacts have not been given

Digitalisation in transport services provides various advantages to multiple parties, including travellers. At the same time, the increased use of digital technologies in transport services, such as public transport and shared mobility,... more

Digitalisation in transport services provides various advantages to multiple parties, including travellers. At the same time, the increased use of digital technologies in transport services, such as public transport and shared mobility, creates new requirements on (potential) travellers. Having an up-to-date mobile phone with a data plan to check travel information, having an online account to manage a public transport subscription, checking in and out: not everyone can (or wants to) cope with these new requirements.
There is often the assumption that in a country with a high smartphone penetration rate such as the Netherlands, most people use
digital media in a benefcial way for a wide variety of situations.
However, having physical access to technology does not
necessarily translate into all of the benefts that technology can
provide. Furthermore, as digitalisation becomes increasingly
embedded in transport services, keeping offine alternatives
available becomes crucial for people who are not comfortable
with (the pace of) digital transformations.