Negative Emotions Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Research in the fields of psychology and educational sciences shows that positive emotions foster creativity and motivate people to try new things, while they actively pursue health and well-being in the absence of negativity. The action tendencies produced by negative emotions, on the other hand, powerfully dispose a person to a specific action (Fredrickson 2013). For instance, due to pressure and negative emotions such as anxiety, shame, guilt, and disappointment, bilinguals may give up using their heritage language, which may lead to a language shift. In this chapter, I survey existing proposals on emotional levels in sociolinguistics and family language policy, paying particular attention to the lack of studies on the role of negative and positive emotions in the process of home language maintenance and/or shift. I also focus specifically on anxiety as a negative emotion in transnational contexts, and its causes and effects.

- by
- •
- Positive Psychology, Emotions (Social Psychology), Immigrant families & policy, Anxiety

There is a growing evidence that emotions shape people's reactions to the climate crisis in profound but complex ways. Climate emotions are related to resilience, climate action, and psychological well-being and health. However, there is currently a lack of research about the array of various climate emotions. There is also a need for more integration with general research about emotions. This article conducts a preliminary exploration of the taxonomy of climate emotions, based on literature reviews and philosophical discussion. The term emotion is used here in a broad sense, as is common in climate emotion research. Because of the urgency of the climate crisis and the lack of previous research, this kind of exploration is aimed to be helpful for both practical climate work and for future research which would include more systematic reviews of the topic. Research items which discuss at least five different climate emotions, based on empirical observations, are used as major sources and a table about them is provided. Climate emotions are discussed on the basis of interdisciplinary research. The article considers many aspects of the phenomena of climate anxiety and climate grief.

- by Panu Pihkala
- •
- Climate Change, Emotional intelligence, Envy (Psychology), Affect/Emotion

Le bonheur se construirait, s’enseignerait et s’apprendrait : telle est l’idée à laquelle la psychologie positive prétend conférer une légitimité scientifique. Il suffirait d’écouter les experts et d'appliquer leurs techniques pour devenir heureux. L’industrie du bonheur, qui brasse des milliards d’euros, affirme ainsi pouvoir façonner les individus en créatures capables de faire obstruction aux sentiments négatifs, de tirer le meilleur parti d’elles-mêmes en contrôlant totalement leurs désirs improductifs et leurs pensées défaitistes. Mais n'aurions-nous pas affaire ici à une autre ruse destinée à nous convaincre, encore une fois, que la richesse et la pauvreté, le succès et l’échec, la santé et la maladie sont de notre seule responsabilité? Et si la dite science du bonheur élargissait le champ de la consommation à notre intériorité, faisant des émotions des marchandises comme les autres? Edgar Cabanas et Eva Illouz reconstituent ici avec brio les origines de cette nouvelle « science » et explorent les implications d’un phénomène parmi les plus captivants et inquiétants de ce début de siècle.

- by Edgar Cabanas
- •
- Critical Theory, Sociology, Political Sociology, Positive Psychology
- by Harri Jalonen
- •
- Emotional intelligence, Social Media, Negative Emotions

Although people generally avoid negative emotional experiences in general, they often enjoy sadness portrayed in music and other arts. The present study investigated what kinds of subjective emotional experiences are induced in listeners by sad music, and whether the tendency to enjoy sad music is associated with particular personality traits. One hundred forty-eight participants listened to 16 music excerpts and rated their emotional responses. As expected, sadness was the most salient emotion experienced in response to sad excerpts. However, other more positive and complex emotions such as nostalgia, peacefulness, and wonder were also evident. Furthermore, two personality traits – Openness to Experience and Empathy – were associated with liking for sad music and with the intensity of emotional responses induced by sad music, suggesting that aesthetic appreciation and empathetic engagement play a role in the enjoyment of sad music.

- by Tuomas Eerola and +1
- •
- Negative Emotions, Music and Emotins
- by Harri Jalonen
- •
- Social Media, Negative Emotions

Following is a recap of educational slides posted on the Facebook regarding Perils of Overthinking.

The IPCC tries to imagine scenarios to meet the objective of limiting global warming to +1.5°C compared to the pre-industrial period. One scenario places importance on negative emission technologies (NETs). NETs involve taking GHGs and storing them underground or in the oceans. CCS is complex in many ways: there are differing views on the feasibility of the technology, its sequestration capacity, its deployability, and its long-term safety and stability. It was therefore interesting to know if they are a miraculous solution or an aberrant blindness. This study aims to study the representations of NETs among academics and to see how representations of the economy and the environment are determinant in the representations of NETs. The research is based on semi-directive interviews with seven academics. The results show, through discourse analysis, that academics neither support nor totally reject NETs. These social representations vary on the place that academics give to NETs among solutions to address global warming. Support for NETs and CCS is conditional on the implementation of a range of other decarbonization solutions, particularly renewable energy and energy efficiency. Interviewees are quite critical of the environmental impacts of CCS, the economic cost and the carbon sequestration capacity.

Fear, sadness, anger and disgust are considered affective states, that when they become frequent and intense, adversely affect the quality of life. Consequently, negative emotions are regarded as one of the key risk factors in physical and mental illness. Firstly, this article aims to define precisely concepts and key features of each emotion. The second objective of this paper is to show a synthesis of scientific findings supporting the influence of emotional factors, especially classic negative emotions in the process of health and disease. These psychophysiological phenomena have been associated with mental and physical illness as influencing variables in its initiation, development and maintenance. Therefore, the paper reviews some of the links between these four negative emotions and mental disorders. It also reviews the evidence supporting the influence of negative emotions in the development of risk behaviors to physical health. Finally, we describe some data supporting the impact of psychophysiological activation of emotions in organic systems, such as, for instance, immunity, tumor processes and so on.

- by Jose A. Piqueras
- •
- Health Psychology, Clinical Health Psychology, Emotions, The Emotion of Disgust

a practical approach to expressing anger in a healthy way

- by Daniel M Keeran MSW
- •
- Management, Business Administration, Religion, Cultural Studies

How to offer criticism in a way that is most likely to be accepted, is the subject of this discussion paper. The essential underlying value is the equal worth and dignity of every human being and the belief that everyone deserves to be... more

- by Daniel M Keeran MSW
- •
- Management, Business Administration, History, Psychology

I develop a new approach to “resentment” and its role in moral life in early Confucian and modern Western thought, in particular Strawson, Scheler, and Nietzsche. In contrast to modern European discourses of recognition and resentment discussed in the first sections of this chapter, undoing resentment in oneself and in others is a primary element of becoming an ethically exemplary person in early Confucian ethics. Contemporary Western ethical theory routinely relies on the assumption that symmetry and equality are the primary means of undoing the psychological and social fixation involved in resentment, but the asymmetrical recognition of the priority of the other person is necessary for undoing and letting go of resentment in early Confucian ethics. The author(s) of the Analects recognized both the pervasiveness of resentment under certain social conditions and the ethical demand to counter it both within oneself and in relation to others through self-cultivation and ritual propriety. Confucian ethics consequently encompasses a nuanced and realistic moral psychology of resentment and the ethical self-cultivation necessary for dismantling it in promoting a condition of humane benevolence (ren). Benevolence is oriented toward others even as it is achieved in the care of the self and self-cultivation.

- by Eric S Nelson
- •
- Moral Psychology, Comparative Philosophy, Max Scheler, Philosophy of the Emotions
- by Editor IJTEMT
- •
- Organizational Behavior, Leadership, Negative Emotions, Banking Sector
- by John Coffey
- •
- Positive Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Emotion, Subjective Well-Being
- by Levent Doğan
- •
- Semantics, Linguistics, Emotions, Çağdaş Türk Lehçeleri

Emotions called as the negative ones may be recognized in other people through signs sent verbally or non-verbally. Language enables communicating emotions which are related to the particular situations and other persons’ statements. There are many state expressions which
indicate emotionality of statements. They are commonly known among native speakers, but they are new to foreigners who learn Polish as a foreign language. It is often complicated to decode their meaning because of their metaphoricalness or colloquiality and that is another barrier for foreigners. They may also have problems with the cultural symbols, which are connected with negative emotions and states, and differences between Polish culture and native culture. It is very
helpful to familiarize them with the sayings used by Polish people to express negative emotions. The authors of the coursebooks are aware of it and tackle the issue in a differential way. The article forms an analysis of the chosen teaching materials in terms of the way of expressing the negative emotions in Polish language. The books, which have been explored, are coursebooks, series of coursebooks and books concentrated on language abilities such as reading or speaking.

Research on emotional labor amongst teachers has focused on surface acting and deep acting of positive emotions. However, there is evidence that negative emotions play a vital role too. This study developed and examined two new scales, surface acting of negative emotions and deep acting of negative emotions, as an extension of the Dutch Questionnaire on Emotional Labor (D-QEL). Participants were two subsamples of secondary school teachers (total N = 399). A confirmatory factor analysis showed that both deep as well as surface acting of negative emotions have to be distinguished from acting positive emotions. The difference between the scores of experienced and inexperienced teachers on the new scales can be taken as proof of their validity.

- by Gérard Näring
- •
- Teacher Education, Emotional Labour, Emotional Labor, Negative Emotions
- by Fabian Bernhardt and +1
- •
- Cultural Studies, Developmental Psychology, Philosophy, Film Studies

Early Confucian “moral psychology” developed in the context of undoing reactive emotions in order to promote relationships of reciprocal recognition. Early Confucian texts diagnose the pervasiveness of reactive emotions under specific social conditions and respond with the ethical-psychological mandate to counter them in self-cultivation. Undoing negative affects is a basic element of becoming ethically noble; while the ignoble person is fixated on limited self-interested concerns and feelings of being unrecognized. Western ethical theory typically accepts equality and symmetry as conditions of disentangling resentment; yet this task requires the asymmetrical recognition of others. Confucian ethics integrates a nuanced and realistic moral psychology with the normatively oriented project of self-cultivation necessary for dismantling complex negative emotions in promoting a condition of humane benevolence that is oriented toward others and achieved through self-cultivation.

- by Eric S Nelson
- •
- Philosophy of Emotion, Confucian Philosophy, Confucianism, Confucius

This paper explores the emotional characteristics of our experiences of the sublime, seeking a plausible way to explain the combination of attraction and fear (or what is ultimately identified as feelings of ‘self-negation’). Several possible explanations are introduced and evaluated before a new model is proposed based on imaginative identification. On this model, the observer fluctuates between imagined physical interactions with the sublime object (explaining the feelings of self-negation) and imagined possession of qualities analogous to those possessed by the sublime object (explaining the feelings of attraction).

- by Tom Cochrane
- •
- Emotion, The Sublime, Analytic Aesthetics, Negative Emotions

If emotions are the link between the body and the mind, it makes sense why unregulated negative emotions (e.g., fear and anger), particularly when repressed by those who are suffering from trauma, understood as dukkha, can make them feel dissociated. The practice of mindfulness can serve as a bridge between the body and the mind; in combination with other holistic approaches, mindfulness can help trauma sufferers regulate their negative emotions, hence, allowing them to experience higher degrees of emotional resilience. To explicate the importance of working with negative emotions references will be made to the mind-body problem since it lies at the philosophical foundation of all the social sciences. Also, the relationship between the mind/consciousness and the body/the unconscious vis-à-vis selfhood will be discussed in relation to psychoanalysis, Buddhist psychology, and mind-body medicine.

- by Robert Beshara
- •
- Buddhism, Psychoanalysis, Emotion, Mindfulness

Positive psychology focuses on the beneficial effects of positive variables in human health. Research on positive emotions has increased vastly over the last years due to the role that these variables play on psychological health. In order to cope with the increasing need for positive emotions measurement, Izard's (1977) Differential Emotions Scale (DES) was modified by Fredrickson so as to include a far wider set of positive emotions and to assist scientific research. The present study examines the psychometric qualities of the mDES in a sample of 11,422 Greek adults aging from 18 to 83 years old. Results showed satisfactory reliability levels on both subscales of the test. Factor analysis revealed a three-component solution in contrast to the two-component solution as proposed by the original standardization study. The difference in the factorial structure does not inhibit positive and negative emotions subscale scoring and may be attributed to cultural elements in the Greek population. Further implications are discussed.

- by Christos Pezirkianidis and +2
- •
- Positive Psychology, Psychometrics, Emotions, Negative Emotions

Two seemingly contradictory aspects have marked art's appreciation – and aesthetic appreciation in general. While an experience of pleasure seems to ground judgments of aesthetic value, some artworks seem to gain our praise by the very negative – unpleasant – experience they provoke. Known as the paradox of negative emotions, aestheticians have, at least since Aristotle, tried to deal with these cases and offer different explanations of the phenomenon. In this article, María José Alcaraz León does not directly offer an alternative explanation; rather she focuses on the apparent tension between an understanding of aesthetic experience in terms of a certain kind of pleasure and the negative aspect that is necessarily involved in our appreciation of painful art. The purpose of her article is to show that cases of artistic appreciation that involve negative emotions do not need to give up on the idea that aesthetic value is ultimately grounded upon an experience of pleasure.

- by María José Alcaraz León
- •
- Negative Emotions, Aesthetics and Pleasure
- by Shane Connelly
- •
- Emotion, Anger, Leadership, Cognition

he present study tests whether activation of the attachment system among dismissing individuals will contribute to both self-regulation depletion and a subsequent breakdown of deactivating strategies (demonstrated by greater accessibility of negative emotional experiences). Utilizing a mixed experimental/correlational design, the present study represents a replication and extension of Kohn, Rholes, and Schmeichel (2012). Unlike previous studies, the present study focuses on assessing attachment styles using multi-item measures such as Experiences in Close Relationships (Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998) and the Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). Participants were randomly assigned to one of three writing conditions: the first activates the attachment system, the second depletes self-regulatory resources, and the third represents a control condition. A marginally significant interaction between attachment categories and emotional memory condition was observed, with simple effects revealing that dismissing individuals who write either essays about attachment or essays that deplete self-regulatory resources have increased accessibility for positive and negative emotional memories, compared to dismissing participants in the control condition and participants with other attachment styles in all experimental conditions. These data support the hypothesis that dismissing participants show increased accessibility of emotional memories after being randomly assigned to either the attachment essay condition or the self-regulation depletion essay condition. This suggests that both activation of the attachment system and self-regulation depletion depletes dismissing participants' self-regulatory resources leading to an increase in the accessibility of childhood emotional experiences and memories.

- by Amanda Lessard
- •
- Mixed Methods, Attachment Theory, Adult attachment, Self-regulation

Shame is frequently viewed as a destructive emotion; but it can also be understood in terms of change and growth. This paper highlights the problematic values that cause pervasive and frequent shame and the importance of resisting and changing these values. Using Confucian insights, I situate shame in an interactive process between the individual’s values and that of their society, thus, being vulnerable to shame represents both one’s connection to a community and an openness to others’ negative feedback. This process is an important arena where personal values interact with communal ones. The Confucian tradition, I argue, affords individuals a degree of autonomy in internalization through urging them to cultivate and maintain a keen sense shame. My discussion also offers resources for understanding the various aspects of this interactive process—how individuals with similar experiences of shame may, through channeling their experiences, transform current social values and propel moral progress.

- by Jing Iris Hu
- •
- Confucian Philosophy, Moral emotions, Confucianism, Shame

The central role of emotions (positive or negative) in language contact settings has been underestimated both by sociolinguists and social psychologists. Traditionally, in an effort to understand the factors that contribute to language maintenance and language shift, scholars have placed a considerable emphasis on individual and/or community attitudes and normative standards. 'Emotion' has often and mistakenly been subsumed under 'attitude'. This chapter argues that a better understanding of the concept of 'emotion' and its role in immigrant contexts can be the key to unravelling the connection between intercultural communication and outcomes of language contact settings (i.e. language maintenance and shift). It first outlines the main approaches to the study of language maintenance and shift in immigrant contexts. Subsequently, it critically surveys existing proposals on the factors that influence the processes of language maintenance and shift, paying particular attention to the absence of studies on the role of emotion in these processes. Through a unifying and interdisciplinary perspective, the chapter creates a framework for acknowledging differences and relationships between the principal factors (e.g. attitude, motivation, and norms) and emotion. Finally, it concludes with a discussion of ways in which research on emotion and emotional reactions in immigrant contexts can offer unique contributions to the study of language contact situations.

- by Yeşim Sevinç
- •
- Positive Psychology, Immigration, Emotions (Social Psychology), Anxiety

This study addressed the role of specific parenting practices in children's expression of emotion and social competence. The specific objective was to examine the relations of parents' reactions to children's negative emotions with children's social and emotional competence at school and to explore the moderating role of children's dispositional emotionality in this relation. A diverse sample of first to fourth graders was observed at school; teachers reported on children's social competence and affect, and parents reported on their reactions to their children's negative emotions and the intensity of children's negative emotions. Parental problem-focused reactions were positively related to socioemotional competence for boys but negatively associated for girls. Parental punitive/minimizing reactions were associated with low socioemotional competence. Moderating effects were obtained for emotion-focused (comforting) parental reactions: Children prone to intense negative emotions were especially low in socioemotional competence if their parents reported using high or average levels of these reactions.

Nightmares (NM) are characterized by intense negative emotion. Research suggests that frequent NM sufferers also have greater inclinations to fantasy and dream-like daydreams, although it is not known whether they experience intense negative emotion as part of these waking state cognitions. We assessed the daydreams and nap dreams of NM participants to determine whether they have more negative daydream content and more vivid imagery overall. NM and control (CTL) participants completed a daydream procedure followed by a nap targeted to contain 80 min total sleep time and an awakening 10 min into rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. For both daydreams and nap dreams, participants completed a questionnaire regarding 4 factors: negativity, positivity, body sensation, and bizarreness. Results revealed the NM group had elevated positivity, body sensation and bizarreness ratings for daydreams compared with the CTL group, but did not differ from them for negativity ratings. NM participants also had elevated body sensation ratings for nap dreams, but did not differ for negativity, positivity, or bizarreness. Thus, while NMs themselves are characterized by negative affect, NM sufferers nonetheless have higher than

- by Tore Nielsen and +3
- •
- Emotion, Imagination, Affect/Emotion, Dreams
- by Deirdre Barrett
- •
- Neuroscience, Psychology, Abnormal Psychology, Applied Psychology

The study of negative relationships in teams has primarily focused on the impact of negative relationships on individual team member attitudes and performance in teams. The mechanisms and contingencies that can buffer against the damaging effects of negative relationships on team performance have received limited attention. Building on social interdependence theory and the multilevel model of team motivation, we examine in a sample of 73 work teams the team-level attributes that foster the promotive social interaction that can neutralize the adverse effect of negative relationships on team cohesion and, consequently, on team performance. The results indicate that high levels of team–member exchange as well as high task-interdependence attenuate how team cohesion and team performance suffer from negative relationships. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

- by R. Leenders
- •
- Organizational Behavior, Management, Social Networks, Teams
- by Harri Jalonen
- •
- Knowledge Management, Social Media, Knowledge Creation, Negative Emotions
- by Vira Ivanova
- •
- Positive Psychology, Cyberpsychology, Facebook, Social Networking Sites (SNS)

Service failure is a common problem that creates feelings of displeasure and dislike among consumers towards the service. Such feelings trigger negative word of mouth (NWOM) and desire to take revenge due to the anger and regret they feel caused by the service failure. However, there seldom any research on these emotional aspects of service failure in Pakistan related to consumers’ motivation regarding such dire actions has been conducted in Pakistani context. This study therefore has examined the effects of negative emotions on the consumer's desire for revenge and spreading of negative word of mouth set off by having a bad experience using the delivery service of foodpanda[1]. The sample size comprised of 280 participants. The questionnaire consisted of four sections based on four constructs. SPSS and SmartPLS softwares were used to test and analyze the validity, reliability, measurement and structural model. The results highlighted that anger and regret had a positive and sig...

- by Marium Mateen Khan
- •
- Psychology, Anger, Services Marketing and Management, Word of Mouth

Service failure is a common problem that creates feelings of displeasure and dislike among consumers towards the service. Such feelings trigger negative word of mouth (NWOM) and desire to take revenge due to the anger and regret they feel caused by the service failure. However, seldom any research is done on these emotional aspects of service failure in Pakistan related to consumers' motivation. This study therefore has examined the effects of negative emotions on the consumer's desire for revenge and spreading of negative word of mouth by consumer who have had a bad experience using the delivery service of foodpanda. The sample size comprised of 280 participants. SPSS and SmartPLS softwares were used for analysis. PLS SEM was for hypothesis testing. The results highlighted that anger and regret had a positive and significant effect on NWOM. The study further found that anger and regret had no significant effect on the desire for revenge. Similarly, no such relationship was identified between revenge and NWOM. Likewise, there was no significant relationship between revenge and NWOM. Keywords: negative emotions, anger, regret, revenge and negative word of mouth (NWOM), foodpanda, food delivery service. JEL Code: M30, M31, C12

- by Marium Mateen Khan
- •
- Anger, Services Marketing and Management, Word of Mouth, Revenge
- by Chase Thiel
- •
- Emotion, Anger, Leadership, Cognition

The text aims to present selected concepts and views, formed on the basis of sociology, which directly or indirectly refer to expressing negative emotions through language and culture. The article points out to these aspects of showing emotions, which to a greater extent, are connected more with socio-cultural than biological factors. They are more related to discovering verbal and non-verbal ways of expressing emotions through language and culture, which are unfamiliar to foreigners, for example, those learning Polish as a foreign language, The text also discusses selected phenomena and trends in expressing negative emotions, which are characteristic of Polish culture. It is useful
knowledge for foreigners, who try to fi nd themselves in new linguistic and non-linguistic space. The summary underlines the importance of sociology in glottodidactics, which is based on the belief that language is part of culture and learning it is connected with becoming accustomed to life in new society.

- by Barbara Łukaszewicz
- •
- Social emotions, Sociology of Emotions, Glottodidattica, Negative Emotions

Previous studies have linked higher emotional inertia (i.e., a stronger autoregressive slope of emotions) with lower well-being. We aimed to replicate these findings, while extending upon previous research by addressing a number of unresolved issues and controlling for potential confounds. Specifically, we report results from two studies (Ns = 100 & 202) examining how emotional inertia, assessed in response to a standardized sequence of emotional stimuli in the lab, correlates with several measures of well-being. The current studies build on previous research by examining how inertia of both positive emotions (PE) and negative emotions (NE) are related to both positive (e.g., life satisfaction) and negative (e.g., depressive symptoms) indicators of well-being, while controlling for between-person differences in the mean level and variability of emotions. Our findings replicated previous research and further revealed that a) NE inertia was more strongly associated with lower well-being than PE inertia; b) emotional inertia correlated more consistently with negative indicators (e.g., depressive symptoms) than positive indicators (e.g., life satisfaction) of well-being; and c) these relationships were independent of individual differences in mean level and variability of emotions. We conclude, in line with recent findings, that higher emotional inertia, particularly of NE, may indicate increased vulnerability to depression.

- by Stefan Sütterlin
- •
- Emotion, Well-Being, Emotion Regulation, Emotions

This paper draws attention to a neglected aspect of grief: its "sweet" sorrow. This sorrow presents us with a formidable challenge, namely, to explain how what is bitter-the misery of loss-can be found to be sweet. Those drawn into this sorrow suspect that it is somehow too sweet. Are their suspicions well founded? Why is it and it alone sweet to those who delight in it and why is it not just sweet but companion-like and even dear? Guided by the observations of St. Augustine and C. S. Lewis, I propose that this sorrow is a form of self-pity that displaces the significant other from the center of one's concern and affords an enhanced intimacy with oneself. The proposal vindicates the impression that one finds in this sorrow a companion that can take the place of the significant other and also positions us to address one of the most fundamental questions that might be raised in connection with grief, namely whether the one who has died is a proper object of concern or whether our grief is ultimately for ourselves, for a loss that is ours and ours alone.

- by Ashley Atkins
- •
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind, Ethics, Moral Psychology

Hannibal (NBC 2013–15) is a bloody and violent television series that also displays an embellished and self-consciously expressive visual style. This article explores the disparity between aesthetic pleasure and repugnance, an issue that scholars working in aesthetic theory have dubbed the ‘paradox of disgust’. It begins by focusing on the specific qualities of disgust among the so-called ‘negative’ emotions in art, and develops this analysis through a close reading of significant scenes in Hannibal. Drawing on Strohl’s ‘hedonic ambivalence’, the article argues that Hannibal intensifies its aesthetic value precisely by visually boosting the paradox of disgust, maximizing both aversion and pleasure simultaneously. However, the article also shows that Hannibal attempts to circumvent the paradox of disgust by prompting an ‘aestheticist turn’, embodied in the experience of protagonist Will Graham.

- by Alberto N. García
- •
- Emotion, Aesthetics, Television Studies, Paradoxes
- by Caterina Maurer
- •
- Emotion, Hegel, Negative Affect, Negative Emotions

This research explores the outcome of positive visual reframing (PVR), a single session intervention where drawn images of negative experiences and open memories were redrawn and visually reframed to form new positive narratives. The study hypothesised that PVR would lead to improvements to positive and negative affect, self-efficacy and the perceived intensity and perceived resolution of a selected negative experience. Healthy adults (N=62) were randomly assigned to the PVR or control condition. For the experimental group, statistical significance was identified for positive affect and the perceived intensity and resolution of the negative experience immediately following the PVR activity. Self-efficacy was marginally significant. The findings highlight the potential of positive visual reframing to enhance emotional regulation when negative emotions are triggered. At two weeks’ post-intervention, improvements were identified in both conditions. This suggests that over time, the vis...

- by Julia Ruppert
- •
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Positive Psychology, Art Therapy

Situated in the context of crises, the present study examines stakeholders' reactions, including negative affect such as fear and anxiety, relational trust, and public behavioral intentions, toward the National Rifle Association (NRA) of America after the Florida Parkland shooting. To test the proposed theoretical model, we conducted a national survey with 603 NRA stakeholders living in the USA. Using structural equation modeling procedures, we found that a high level of negative affect activated publics' behavioral intentions, while reducing their relational trust toward the NRA. Furthermore, relational trust could lead to information seeking about the NRA as well as accommodative intentions such as cooperating with the NRA to address gun violence issues. This study enriches crisis communication literature and has important implications for crisis managers working at non-profit organizations as well.

- by Yang Cheng
- •
- Communication, Trust, Negative Emotions, Trust/Distrust

Sebbene possa sembrare che la paura è un fenomeno condizionato, essendo l’anticipazione di un evento già sperimentato come pericoloso, il potenziale per la paura è una funzione che si trasmette ereditariamente nel sistema nervoso. Infatti, la capacità di anticipare e percepire il pericolo ha un tale valore adattativo che l’evoluzione non poteva lasciarla all’aleatorietà dell’apprendimento individuale. Per quanto l’apprendimento sia per gli organismi essenziale nell’utilizzo dei loro sistemi della paura nel mondo reale, esso non crea la paura semplicemente mescolando una serie di eventi e situazioni esterne. L’evoluzione ha prodotto diversi sistemi neurali coerentemente organizzati atti a coordinare ed organizzare cambiamenti percettivi, comportamentali e fisiologici che promuovono la sopravvivenza di fronte al pericolo.

- by Fabio Milioni
- •
- Fear, History Of Emotions, Philosophy of the Emotions, Emotions (Social Psychology)

This paper focuses on negative exemplarity-related emotions (NEREs) and on their educational implications. In this paper, we will first argue for the nonexpendability of negative emotions broadly conceived (section 2) by defending their instrumental and intrinsic role in a good and flourishing life. In section 3, we will make the claim more specific by focusing on the narrower domain of NEREs and argue for their moral and educational significance by evaluating whether they fit the arguments provided in the previous section. In section 4, we will propose three educational strategies to foster NEREs’ positive moral role. In conclusion, we will point out that an exemplarist approach to character education would greatly benefit from a more fine-grained account of the emotions involved in the educational process and from a broader perspective on which of these emotions should be taken as valuable for educational purposes.

- by Maria Silvia Vaccarezza and +1
- •
- Character Education, Philosophy of Emotions, Negative Emotions, exemplarism

Objective: This article examines gender differences in the transmission of smoking, and the role of parenting, school climate, and negative emotions in the parental smoking–adolescent smoking relationship. Methods: The study used a nationally representative cross-sectional data on 5,290 Filipino secondary students. Results: Results suggest that Filipino adolescents having parents who smoke, tend to smoke cigarettes. Maternal smoking affects both girls' and boys' smoking, but paternal smoking has no effect on both sexes. Further, parenting dimensions (support and knowledge), school climate (bullying victimization and peer support), and negative emotions (loneliness and anxiety) tend to moderate the effects of parental smoking on adolescent smoking. Some of these factors appear to protect adolescents from parental smoking, while others aggravate the effects of parental smoking. Conclusions/Importance: Current findings suggest important theoretical and practical implications on the relationship between parental and adolescent smoking.

- by Dan Jerome Barrera
- •
- Developmental Psychology, Parenting, Public Health, School Climate
- by Shane Connelly
- •
- Organizational Behavior, Management, Psychology, Organizational Psychology

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre características sociodemográficas, optimismo y bienestar subjetivo (SWB) en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos de la Universidad de San Luis Potosí. Además, identificar qué áreas vitales incidían en mayor medida en el bienestar glo- bal y cuánto aportaría el optimismo a esta relación. Se recogió información de 299 estudiantes (17 a 49 años; M = 19.38; DE = 3.19) mediante una entrevista semiestructurada, registrando diversas características sociode- mográficas que se consideraron relevantes. El optimismo disposicional se midió empleando el Life Orientation Test Revised (Scheier, Carver & Bridges, 1994) y el bienestar subjetivo mediante diversas medidas: felicidad (Subjective Happiness Scale de Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999), satisfacción vital (Satisfaction with Life Scale de Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985), emociones positivas y emociones negativas (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule de Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988) y satisfacción en los dominios vitales de estudios, pareja, salud y ocio (Entrevista semiestruc- turada de Marrero, Carballeira & Rodríguez, 2007). A través de la Tau-b de Kendall se analizó la relación de las variables sociodemográficas con el optimismo y los indicadores de bienestar, encontrando asociaciones entre género y satisfacción con el trabajo/estudios, satisfacción vital, felicidad y optimismo. Además, tener una relación sentimental se relacionaba con la satisfacción con la pareja y la condición laboral con satisfacción vital. Los análisis correlacionales de Pearson entre los ocho indicadores de bienestar y el optimismo mostraron que todos los indicadores de bienestar se rela- cionaban entre ellos y el optimismo estaba asociado en mayor medida que las variables sociodemográficas al bienestar, siendo la relación con medidas globales mayor que con los dominios vitales específicos. Para profundizar en esta asociación entre optimismo y bienestar se dividió a los participantes en tres grupos según su nivel de optimismo. A través de un MANOVA se com- pararon las medias en bienestar encontrando que las personas con optimismo alto y medio informaron de mayor satisfacción vital y emociones positivas, menor emociones negativas y mayor satisfacción en todos los dominios vitales frente a las personas con bajo optimismo El MANCOVA, tomando el género como covariante, indicaba resultados similares. Por último, se aplicaron análisis de regresión múltiple para conocer el peso que tenían las distintas medidas de satisfacción en dominios específicos en los indicadores globales de bienestar, felicidad y satisfacción vital. Los resultados mostraron que todos los dominios son relevantes para ambas variables criterio pero la satisfacción laboral/estudios resultó ser el predictor más poderoso. Cuando se realizaron nuevos análisis de regresión múltiple, incluyendo el optimismo como predictor, se encon- tró que este explicaba mayor porcentaje de varianza que la satisfacción en dominios específicos, sobre todo en el caso de la felicidad. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el optimismo es un rasgo de personalidad relevante para mejorar el bienestar subjetivo de los individiduos.

- by Universitas Psychologica
- •
- Life Satisfaction, Optimism, Negative Emotions, Positive Emotions

In this article, Anita Rau Badami's second novel, The Hero’s Walk (2000), is analysed through the perspective of the field of affects. This analysis examines how the author, through the imagery of water, presents the non-physical reality of feelings and emotions. Water is the most receptive of the elements, a source of continuous, intimate and transitory metamorphoses. In the form of storms, floods, and other types of natural phenomena related to this element, it is possible to observe how Badami makes use of a metaphorical conceptualisation of intense emotional states related to the psychological trauma that arises from the loss of a loved one. For the purpose of analysis, several important sources in the field of affect theory and water symbolism will be considered. Special emphasis will also be placed on the body (and the house as an integral extension of it) as a receptacle for contained emotions in the processing of pain.