Office Automation Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

As with the growing degree of office automation and diffuse use of electronic media, such as e-mails, written business communication is becoming a key element to promote synergies, relationships and disseminating information about products and services. Task recognition and the definition of strategies and suitable vocabularies are some of the activities that office workers deal with each time a communicative intent has to be effectively transferred and understood by a given addressee. This paper introduces a web-based intelligent training system based on the constructivism theory and self-directed learning paradigms for assisting company workers in the drafting business letters-writing task. A case-based engine suggests ad hoc rhetorical letters that users have the chance to adapt to their particular contexts and save them into user-defined case libraries.

- by
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- Computer Science, Electronic Media, Case Based Reasoning, Knowledge Based Systems

The process of development control involves a technique for the systematic compilation of expert quantitative analysis and qualitative assessment of project land use and property development viability, including its effect on the surrounding area, and the presentation of results in a way that enables the importance of the predicted results, and the scope of modifying or mitigating them to be properly evaluated by the relevant decision making body before a planning permission is rendered. Taking the local authorities in Malaysia as an example, this paper will discuss and demonstrate the development of GIS database and its integration and application for development and building control. The first part of the paper examines the functions of local authorities particularly in the context of development control. In this study, the procedure involved in granting a planning permission as well as enforcement becomes the main focus because it determines the bulk of the system design. The study identifies seven sub-systems namely planning permission, building control, planning enforcement, geospatial database, information kiosk, document processing and presentation sub-systems. The system is developed using a combination of office automation, CAD, GIS, multimedia and other software packages. This paper will focus on the development of the GIS for the purpose of development control. The components of the GIS database include land information, building, existing development, planning information, development plan, utilities, community facilities, transportation, environment and socio-economy database. The GIS database will be used at every stages of development control process for example in initial discussion, registration, invitation of objection, development control process, consideration by technical committee and consideration by planning committee. It is anticipated that the GIS database could be used by many parties involve in the process as reference point in evaluating a planning submission. Having access to the database will provide the flexibility in assessing a development and deciding on the overall urban growth management programme in the most costeffective manner. The system will also provide transparency and consistency in the development control procedure.

- by foziah johar
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- Human Geography, Decision Making, Urban And Regional Planning, System Design

A conceptual model of strategic planning for office automation is developed. Survey data on the practice of strategic planning for office automation in 59 Fortune 500 firms is presented as is the perceived value associated with the results of the process. An analysis shows that firms that adhered more closely to the conceptual model perceived more value than those that did not.

- by Hugh J Watson
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- Information Systems, Management, Information Management, Strategic Planning

Document image classification is an important step in Office Automation, Digital Libraries, and other document image analysis applications. There is great diversity in document image classifiers: they differ in the problems they solve, in the use of training data to construct class models, and in the choice of document features and classification algorithms. We survey this diverse literature using three components: the problem statement, the classifier architecture, and performance evaluation. This brings to light important issues in designing a document classifier, including the definition of document classes, the choice of document features and feature representation, and the choice of classification algorithm and learning mechanism. We emphasize techniques that classify single-page typeset document images without using OCR results. Developing a general, adaptable, high-performance classifier is challenging due to the great variety of documents, the diverse criteria used to define document classes, and the ambiguity that arises due to ill-defined or fuzzy document classes.

- by dengel washington
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- Artificial Intelligence, Image Processing, Fuzzy Logic, Modeling
- by Christian Garland
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- Critical Theory, Business, Industrial And Labor Relations, Information Systems

Computer technology has recently been applied to the automation of office tasks and procedures. Much of the technology is aimed not at improving the efficiency of current office procedures, but at altering the nature of office work altogether. The development of automated office systems raises a number of issues for the organization. How will this technology be received by organization members? How will it affect the definition of traditional office work? What will be its impact on individuals, work groups, and the structure of the organization? This paper presents a descriptive model and propositions concerning the potential impacts of office automation on the organization and it stresses the need, when implementing automated office systems, to take a broad perspective of their potential positive and negative effects on the organization. The need for further research examining the potential effects of office automation is emphasized.

- by Maryum Khan
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- Electronic mail, Office Automation

Workflow management has its origin in the office automation systems of the seventies, but it is not until fairly recently that conceptual and technological breakthroughs have led to its widespread adoption. In fact, nowadays, process-awareness has become an accepted and integral part of various types of systems. Through the use of process-aware information systems, workflows can be specified and enacted,

- by Chun Ouyang
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- Flow Control, Workflow Management Systems, Business Process, Office Automation

An office receptionist is an employee who provides administrative support in the office. The position even though is of much importance, it hinders the use of man power for a much higher productive and useful purpose in the office. This paper deals with design and implementation of an automated office receptionist system using Raspberry Pi and an Android application. It not only helps the official to directly interact with the visitor but also to maintain a visitor's record in the e-mail. This eliminates manual assistance and also improves the security. The device can also be used at home, corporate offices, hospitals, etc., for security purpose and administrative purposes. This simple and cost effective prototype device is designed and when tested it effectively performed the task of office receptionist.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Email, Bluetooth, Android Application, Office Automation

In 2004, Ghana started implementing a National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) to remove cost as a barrier to quality healthcare. Providers were initially paid by fee -for -service. In May 2008, this changed to paying providers by a combination of Ghana -Diagnostic Related Groupings (G-DRGs) for services and fee -forservice for medicines through the claims process. Objective: The study evaluated the claims management processes for two District MHIS in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Methods: Retrospective review of secondary claims data (2008) and a prospective observation of claims management (2009) were undertaken. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used for primary data collection using interview guides and checklists. The reimbursements rates and value of rejected claims were calculated and compared for both districts using the z test. The null hypothesis was that no differences existed in parameters measured. Findings: Claims processes in both districts were similar and predominantly manual. There were administrative capacity, technical, human resource and working environment challenges contributing to delays in claims submission by providers and vetting and payment by schemes. Both Schemes rejected less than 1% of all claims submitted. Significant differences were observed between the Total Reimbursement Rates (TRR) and the Total Timely Reimbursement Rates (TTRR) for both schemes. For TRR, 89% and 86% were recorded for Kassena Nankana and Builsa Schemes respectively while for TTRR, 45% and 28% were recorded respectively. Conclusion: Ghana's NHIS needs to reform its provider payment and claims submission and processing systems to ensure simpler and faster processes. Computerization and investment to improve the capacity to administer for both purchasers and providers will be key in any reform.

- by Irene A Agyepong
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- Ghana, Developing Countries, Workplace, Time Factors

A b s t r a c t This paper presents the equity implementation model (EIM) in the context of a case that describes the implementation of a medical scheduling system. The model is based on equity theory, a well-established theory in the social sciences that has been tested in hundreds of experimental and field studies. The predictions of equity theory have been supported in organizational, societal, family, and other social settings. Thus, the EIM helps provide a theorybased understanding for collecting and reviewing users' reactions to, and acceptance or rejection of, a new technology or system. The case study (implementation of a patient scheduling and appointment setting system in a large health maintenance organization) illustrates how the EIM can be used to examine users' reactions to the implementation of a new system. Ⅲ JAMIA. 2000;7:91-102.

- by Thomas Lauer
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- Engineering, New Technology, Case Study, Field Study

The demand for integrated services of local area network is increasing at a rapid pace with the advent of many new and existing applications : office automation, distributed computing and multimedia communications. To support these new applications, it is imperative to integrate traffic with diverse statistical characteristics on the same substrate. In this way, Interconnecting different networks is needed in order to support high bandwidth and real-time applications. In this environment, researchers objective is how to route and relieve traffic in real time between two networks without slowing their activities. This idea takes origin from problems of protocols .compatibility, transmission rate and access mode of different networks. These meeting difficulties provide new challenges and opportunities to researchers in communication field. One such challenge is the design of the interconnection system of networks (gateway), whch can help efficiently support guaranteed levels of performance for a variety of applications. Our motivation towards achieving an efficient interconnection system comprises the following : Choice and specification of the interconnection archtecture that can support many types of application. Specification and design of adaptation tasks that can work at data rate of few hundred Mbps, can interface with diverse networks, and can provide adequate reconfigurability to deal with networks requirement. .* Development of analylxal and simulation models to '. evaluate design parameters, which allow to decrease cost, increase performance, and orientate designing for new gateway architectures. requirements and results in the guarantee of high quality of services.

- by Nasri Salem
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- Computer Science, Distributed Computing, Congestion Control, Performance
- by ankita kamble
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- Automatic Control, Control Systems, Investments, Frequency

How does paper usage change following the introduction of Computerized Physician Order Entry and the Electronic Medical Record (EMR/CPOE)? To answer that question we analyzed data collected from fourteen sites across the U.S. We found paper in widespread use in all institutions we studied. Analysis revealed psychological, ergonomic, technological, and regulatory reasons for the persistence of paper in an electronic environment. Paper has unique attributes allowing it to fill gaps in information timeliness, availability, and reliability in pursuit of improved patient care. Creative uses have led to "better paper.

- by Dean Sittig
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- Electronic Health Records, United States, Diffusion of Innovation, Office Automation

the Sovjet Federation and Yugoslavia, plus readers on various local news posting systems.

- by Ton van den Bogert
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- Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biomechanics

As with the growing degree of office automation and diffuse use of electronic media, such as e-mails, written business communication is becoming a key element to promote synergies, relationships and disseminating information about products and services. Task recognition and the definition of strategies and suitable vocabularies are some of the activities that office workers deal with each time a communicative intent has to be effectively transferred and understood by a given addressee. This paper introduces a Webbased intelligent training system based on the Constructivism theory and Self-directed learning paradigms for assisting company workers in the drafting business letters-writing task. A case-based engine suggests ad hoc rhetorical letters that users have the chance to adapt to their particular contexts and save them into user-defined case libraries.

- by Filippo Sciarrone and +1
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- Electronic Media, Knowledge Based Systems, Web Based Training, SELF DIRECTED LEARNING

Index Terms: outcome based education, assessment and evaluation, automation system.

and sharing with colleagues.

- by Denis Protti
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- Engineering, Information Technology, Primary Care, Medical Informatics

- by peter georgieff
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- Medical Informatics, Bioethics, Ubiquitous Computing, Forecasting

Multiple expert decision combination has received much attention in recent years. This is a multi-disciplinary branch of pattern recognition which has extensive applications in numerous fields including robotic vision, artificial intelligence, document processing, office automation, human-computer interfaces, data acquisition, storage and retrieval, etc. In recent years, this application area has been extended to forensic science, including the identification of individuals using measures depending on biometrics, security and other applications. In this paper, a generalised multi-expert multi-level decision combination strategy, the serial combination approach, has been investigated from the dual viewpoints of theoretical analysis and practical implementation. Different researchers have implicitly utilised various approaches based on this concept over the years in a wide spectrum of application domains, but a comprehensive, coherent and generalised presentation of this approach from both theoretical and implementation viewpoints has not been attempted. While presenting here a unified framework for serial multiple expert decision combination, it is shown that many multi-expert approaches reported in the literature can be easily represented within the proposed framework. Detailed theoretical and practical discussions of the various performance results with these combinations, analysis of the internal processing of this approach, a case study for testing the theoretical framework, issues relating to processing overheads associated with the implementation of this approach, general comments on its applicability to various task domains and the generality of the approach in terms of reevaluating previous research have also been incorporated.

- by Ahmad Rahman
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- Forensic Science, Robot Vision, Pattern Recognition, Case Study

- by Salem Nasri and +2
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- Distributed Computing, Congestion Control, System Design, Multimedia Communication

By focussing on EIS, this study highlights LM Ericsson's relation to information technology or, more precisely, to computerised information systems. During its long history, Ericsson has always had strong connections to this technological area, at least because its main products covered the related field of telecommunication. The EIS adventure can be therefore related to other tracks in Ericsson's history pointing

- by Eric Ford
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- Engineering, Health Care, Social Support, Market Segmentation

Sebagai akuntan publik, profesionalisme merupakan syarat utama profesi ini. Karena selain profesi yang bekerja atas kepercayaan masyarakat, kontribusi akuntan publik terhadap ekonomi sangatlah besar. Peran auditor untuk meningkatkan kredibilitas dan reputasi perusahaan sangatlah besar. Selain itu beberapa peneliti seperti Peursem (2005) melihat bahwa auditor memainkan peranan penting dalam jaringan informasi di suatu perusahaan. Sejalan dengan pendapat tersebut, Gjesdal (1981) dalam Suta dan Firmanzah (2006) juga mengatakan bahwa peranan utama auditor adalah menyediakan informasi yang berguna untuk keperluan penyusunan kontrak yang dilakukan oleh pemilik atau manajer perusahaan.

- by Ismail Mail
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- Information Technology, Developing Country, Data Collection, System Development

Corporation organized a workshop that had far-reaching effects. Twenty people from different fields -but with a shared interest in how people work -gathered to explore technology's role in the work environment and coined the term... more

- by apri yanto
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- History, Software Engineering, Object Oriented Programming, Software Development

In this paper, we present the architecture of a new multimedia E-mail system, which has been successfully developed in the Communication and Multimedia Laboratory of National Taiwan University. This prototype E-mail system is fully compatible with traditional Internet E-mails in that the multimedia emails can be sent through Internet. For allowing one to compose multimedia emails, the system provides various editors for editing video, audio, image, graphics, and multilingual (English and Chinese)

- by Keh-Ning Chang and +2
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- Video, Image, Computer Network, Graphics

- by Hugh J Watson
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- Information Systems, Management, Information Management, Strategic Planning

We present a distributed architectural framework for Primary Health Care (PHC) Cent res. Distribution is handled through the introduction of the Roaming Electronic Health Care Record (R-EHCR) and the use of local caching and incremental update of a global index. The proposed architecture is designed to accommodate a specific PHC workflow model. Finally, we discuss a pilot implementation in progress, which is based on CORBA and web-based user interfaces. However, the conceptual architecture is generic and open to other middleware approaches like the DHE or HL7.

- by Vasilis Maglaris and +2
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- Information Systems, Primary Health Care, Greece, Software

The detection of altered or forged documents is an important tool in large scale office automation. Printing technique examination can therefore be a valuable source of information to determine a questioned documents authenticity. A study of graylevel features for high throughput printing technique recognition was undertaken. The evaluation included printouts generated by 49 different laser and 13 different inkjet printers. Furthermore, the extracted document features were classified using three different machine learning approaches. We were able to show that, under the given constraints of high-throughput systems, it is possible to determine the printing technique used to create a document.

- by Ben Amick and +1
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- Psychology, Ergonomics, SHOULDER PAIN, Office Automation

This relatiom/ proglamming environment exten& the relational model to handle complex objects and operations and integLates the l@c progtamming piwadi@ 68 he cost and complexity of large software-development projects has DEF Product-Set SET OF ( Product-Code: string; Description: string; Elements: SET OF ( Componen t6ode: string; ComponentQuantity: integer)).

- by Luigi Lavazza
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- Information Systems, Computer Aided Design, Computer Software, IEEE

This case study reports the reasons why this large, multi-site general practice decided to move towards paperless practice in late 2001, and describes the progress and lessons learned to date. The principal operational reasons for this decision were problems associated with moving paper medical records between surgeries, and the realisation that resources to improve the computerised medical record could only come from redeploying the time spent handling paper records. A comprehensive plan was put in place to shift toward paperlessness. Motivating and changing working practices for clinical and support staff was as a great a challenge as upgrading the technology. The practice upgraded its computer system, and has installed scanning and automated generation of referral and other letters. The support staff skills have evolved from moving records to scanning documents and coding data. All clinical staff now consult on their computer, and code diagnoses and key clinical data. A networked...

- by Simon de Lusignan
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- Information Systems, Quality Improvement, Family Practice, Medicine

Document analysis is responsible for an essential progress in office automation. This paper is part of an overview about the combined research efforts in document analysis at DFKI. Common to all document analysis projects is the global goal of providing a high level electronic representation of documents in terms of iconic, structural, textual, and semantic information. These symbolic document descriptions enable an "intelligent" access to a document database. Currently there are three ongoing document analysis projects at DFKI: INCA, OMEGA, and PASCAL2000/PASCAL+. Although the projects pursue different goals in different application domains, they all share the same problems which have to be resolved with similar techniques. For that reason the activities in these projects are bundled to avoid redundant work. At DFKI we have divided the problem of document analysis into two main tasks, text recognition and information extraction, which themselves are divided into a set of ...

Powerful applications such as Microsoft Office's Excel and Word are widely used to perform common tasks in the workplace and in education. Scripting within these applications allows unanticipated user requirements to be addressed. We show that such extensibility, intended to support office automation-type applications, is well suited to the creation of learning activities and learning environments. We have developed a range of tutorial activities using Excel and Word in introductory mathematics, writing and economics courses. These tutorials have the dual purpose of teaching academic concepts and practical computer literacy skills. The software architecture of our learning environment includes a database-supported back-end to automatically record students’ responses, which allows for greater control over what students do. Additionally, this allows one to automate common procedures to improve usability and feedback automation to support learning. We have been applying our ideas for the last six years and currently 1,500 students are using the environment. We suggest that this pragmatic solution can provide a high degree of interactivity and flexibility in a range of learning contexts that represents a cost-effective alternative for use alongside traditional approaches.

- by Andrew Deacon
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- Economics, Computer Literacy, Learning Environment, Teaching Methods

Most computing serves as a resource or tool to support other work: performing complex analyses for engineering projects, preparing documents, or sending electronic mail using office automation equipment, etc. To improve the character, quality, and ease of computing work, we must understand how automated systems actually are integrated into the work they support. How do people actually adapt to computing as a resource? How do they deal with the unreliability in hardware, software, or operations; data inaccuracy; system changes; poor documentation; inappropriate designs; etc.; which are present in almost every computing milieu, even where computing is widely used and considered highly successful? This paper presents some results of a detailed empirical study of routine computer use in several organizations. We present a theoretical account of computing work and use it to explain a number of observed phenomena, such as: -How people knowingly use "false" data to obtain desired analytical results by tricking their systems.

- by Burkhard Rost
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- Bioinformatics, Algorithms, Data Analysis, Prediction

The introduction of low-cost renewable energy production, e.g., by photovoltaic, has turned classical grid nodes like homes and offices in prosumers, taking an active role in smart energy systems by merging home-automation and energy production functionality. However, to become a self-balancing element of a stable smart grid, supporting the energy-aware cooperative production, storage, and consumption, a scalable software is needed tailored for smart micro grids and their integration in large-scale systems. In the following, the implementation of a layered SOA-based distributed architecture is presented, that provides open interfaces simplifying the plugand-play of hardware and software components, allows the runtime adaption of its reactive behavior to incrementally enhance its intelligence, and uses an interaction paradigm supporting an open and distributed form of cooperation.

- by Denis Bytschkow and +2
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- Grid Computing, Renewable Energy, Home automation, System Architecture
- by Feisal Adatia
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- Accounting, Information Services, Software, Continuing Medical Education

This paper reports the results of a study that investigates the level of IT knowledge and also IT importance in the specific context of audit work in Malaysia. Results of this study is based on data collected from 95 audit firms via mailed questionnaires. The results suggested information systems audit in Malaysia is still at the infant stage. IT knowledge level among the auditors is lower than their perception towards the importance of the technologies. Twelve technologies are considered relevant in the context of audit work in Malaysia, while only 5 technologies are considered knowledgeable by the responding auditors. On average, General Office Automation receives the highest mean value for both importance and knowledge, whilst system development and installation receives the lowest mean value. Overall, responding auditors perceived their overall IT knowledge as adequate, while the current practice of information systems audit is less than adequate. Findings from this study are significant to the standards setters regulating the audit profession, academicians designing university courses and audit practitioners evaluating their own IT knowledge. The findings can be used to gauge the relevant IT in the specific context of audit work and also the IT knowledge level of the auditors not just in Malaysia but also other developing countries.

- by Ismail mail
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- Business, Information Technology, Developing Country, Data Collection

This paper proposes a conceptual framework and supporting architecture for general-purpose process modeling and enactment. The framework includes abstractions of all critical entities and their relationships needed to model complex tasks... more

- by peter georgieff
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- Medical Informatics, Bioethics, Ubiquitous Computing, Forecasting

In this paper we present a semantic-enhanced registry specifically devised for pervasive environments, able to cope with automated mobile service discovery and composition, compliant with OWL-S and with Semantic Web technologies. The proposed approach also deals with non-exact matches (computing an approximate result) and implements a dynamic substitution of services, especially useful in highly unpredictable contexts. It has been implemented and tested in a home/office automation case study, and we also report on experimental results.

- by Floriano Scioscia
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- Semantic Web, Clustering, SEMANTIC WEB TECHNOLOGY, Case Study

A b s t r a c t Objectives: The purpose of this study was threefold. First, we gathered and synthesized the historic literature regarding electronic health record (EHR) adoption rates among physicians in small practices (ten or fewer members). Next, we constructed models to project estimated future EHR adoption trends and timelines. We then determined the likelihood of achieving universal EHR adoption in the near future and articulate how barriers can be overcome in the small and solo practice medical environment.

- by Thad Phillips and +1
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- Engineering, Health Care, Social Support, Market Segmentation

Multimedia. has different meanings according to its context. Here, multimedia in the radiology environment is defined as the integration of multiple radiology and medical information systems to facilitate the practice of radiology. These information systems include the hospital information system, radiology information system, picture archiving and communication systems, voice reporting, library information systems, and electronic mail and file systems. The concept of multimedia within the context of integration of these database systems will be presented. An example is given on how to access these information systems by a radiologist's desktop personal computer.

Software safety and software quality assurance are important for applications in all fields where computers are applicable - although most efforts have been undertaken in the field of commercial applications. But with a society depending more on the reliability and safety of computer-controlled systems than ever before (even in everyday life), these aspects are becoming more important (and more threatening) every day, especially when considering the complexity of the world of real-time computing, interaction and control. Software quality assurance terms, attributes and methods as derived from the lifecycle model are presented. Hard- and software architectures to ensure reliable and safe and/or fault tolerant systems are discussed. The terms used in that context are explained to gain a deeper understanding of this topic. Since the author is taking part actively in national and international standardization efforts and in committees of organizations like IEC and EWICS engaged in this work, an overview of the state-of-the-art in this field will be given.

- by Jean Privat
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- Computer Science, Internet Access, Application development, IP networks