Water Quality Management Research Papers (original) (raw)

This paper outlines the national approach to stormwater management in Malaysia, and evolving implementation practices by State and Local government authorities. The process of departing from the traditional, monodisciplinary approach is... more

This paper outlines the national approach to stormwater management in Malaysia, and evolving implementation practices by State and Local government authorities. The process of departing from the traditional, monodisciplinary approach is currently going on in Malaysia. Goals of stormwater management have already shifted from the traditional storm drainage and "end of pipe" approaches towards sustainable ecological solutions more in peace with nature. The new approach is based on a deeper understanding of the cyclicity of material and energy flows in nature. The research focused on new concepts for the urban stormwater runoff and the water quality management based on integrated stormwater solutions. The USM Engineering campus is a pilot project for urban stormwater management strategy as an example of an ecologically sustainable development based approach to urban stormwater management. The concept is based on integrating stormwater best management practices into urban plann...

A simulation-based interval quadratic waste load allocation (IQWLA) model was developed for supporting river water quality management. A multi-segment simulation model was developed to generate water-quality transformation matrices and... more

A simulation-based interval quadratic waste load allocation (IQWLA) model was developed for supporting river water quality management. A multi-segment simulation model was developed to generate water-quality transformation matrices and vectors under steady-state river flow conditions. The established matrices and vectors were then used to establish the water-quality constraints that were included in a water quality management model. Uncertainties associated with water quality parameters, cost functions, and environmental guidelines were described as intervals. The cost functions of wastewater treatment units were expressed in quadratic forms. A water-quality planning problem in the Changsha section of Xiangjiang River in China was used as a study case to demonstrate applicability of the proposed method. The study results demonstrated that IQWLA model could effectively communicate the interval-format uncertainties into optimization process, and generate inexact solutions that contain a spectrum of potential wastewater treatment options. Decision alternatives can be generated by adjusting different combinations of the decision variables within their solution intervals. The results are valuable for supporting local decision makers in generating cost-effective water quality management strategies.

The importance of environmental health services in Primary Health Care and health services in general, will be highlighted in this chapter. Outlined will be the developments in environmental health services since 1978, including the... more

The importance of environmental health services in Primary Health Care and health services in general, will be highlighted in this chapter. Outlined will be the developments in environmental health services since 1978, including the impact of various new pieces of legislation, such as the National Health Act. Challenges with the devolution of environmental health services to metropolitan and district municipalities are explored. An assessment of some of the main environmental health components such as water, sanitation, food and malaria is provided. Furthermore, the critical issue of human resources for environmental health will be discussed, and
recommendations are made for stronger support to be provided for the delivery of environmental health services, especially by district municipalities.

Jhilmil Lake is a fresh water lake located in south part of Haridwar, Uttarakhand and declared as conservation reserve by Govt. of Uttarakhand. Water Quality Index is a tool to determine the status of the present water quality scenario... more

Jhilmil Lake is a fresh water lake located in south part of Haridwar, Uttarakhand and declared as conservation reserve by Govt. of Uttarakhand. Water Quality Index is a tool to determine the status of the present water quality scenario with respect to priority of parameter against weight value and to assess the allocation wise suitability towards quality of water. Two sampling sites were selected along the lake for sampling purpose from January to December 2013. Water samples were analyzed in terms of physico-chemical water quality parameters. The overall average value of water were found as temperature (22 ± 0 .45°C), pH (7.9 ± 0.25), turbidity (13.4 ± 0.31NTU), total dissolved solids (200±0.09 mg/l), conductivity (0.58 ± 0.68 µS/cm), DO (6.8 ± 0.13 mg/l), BOD (6.6 ± 0.09 mg/l), COD (16.1 ± 0.36 mg/l), alkalinity (102 ± 0.47 mg/l), total hardness (130 ± 0.32 mg/l), sulphate (0.33±0.53 mg/l), phosphate (0.27 ± 0.34 mg/l) and nitrate (0.16±0.45 mg/l). The results were compared with standards given by WHO and BIS guideline for drinking water. All parameters were found below the permissible limits for drinking water. All observed parameters were found under category of good quality. It indicates that Jhilmil lake water can be used for drinking of swamp deer and other wild animals of adjacent area of National park. Lake water is also suitable for irrigation practices of nearest villagers.

Traditionally, water quality modelling has focused on modelling individual water bodies. However, water quality management problems must be analyzed at the basin scale. European Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires introducing... more

Traditionally, water quality modelling has focused on modelling individual water bodies. However, water quality management problems must be analyzed at the basin scale. European Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires introducing physical, chemical and biological aspects into the management of water resources systems. Water quality modelling at a basin scale presents the advantage of incorporating in a dynamic way the relationships between the different elements and water bodies. Currently, there are few tools to deal with water modelling of water quality and management at the basin scale. This paper presents the development of a water quantity model and a water quality model for a very complex water resources system: the Júcar River Basin (Spain). The basin is characterized by a high degree of use of the water and by many water problems related to point and diffuse pollution, on top of a complex water quantity management of the basin. To deal with this problem, SIMGES (water allocation) and GESCAL (water quality) basin scale models have been used. Both are part of the Decision Support System AQUATOOL, one of the main instruments used in Spain in order to analyze water quantity and quality aspects of water resources systems for the compliance with WFD, as shown for the case of study.

The future quality of water is one of the most pressing environmental problems in most Asian developing countries, like Philippines. With urbanization, water governance has to cope with increasing demands for steady supply and access to... more

The future quality of water is one of the most pressing environmental problems in most Asian developing countries, like Philippines. With urbanization, water governance has to cope with increasing demands for steady supply and access to potable water, both for the immediate and long term. National institutions usually manage water supply/quality and sanitation. However, local governments still lack the ability to ensure efficient and sustained delivery of basic water services. Thus, some institutional development interventions among local governments were initiated to monitor, improve and sustain water quality and conservation for domestic, industrial, agricultural and other uses. Strengthening the local government's mechanism is important for integrating efforts, coordinating and managing integrated water resources and related water operations in the area and driving the different sectors involved to treat water resource in an integrated manner. Such initiatives hopes to shift...

One of the most significant sources of water wastage in Australia is loss from small storage dams, either by seepage or evaporation. Over much of Australia, evaporative demand routinely exceeds precipitation. This paper outlines first,... more

One of the most significant sources of water wastage in Australia is loss from small storage dams, either by seepage or evaporation. Over much of Australia, evaporative demand routinely exceeds precipitation. This paper outlines first, methodologies and measurement techniques to quantify the rate of evaporative loss from fresh water storages. These encompass high-accuracy water balance monitoring; determination of the validity of alternative estimation equations, in particular the FAO56 Penman-Monteith ETo methodology; and the commencement of CFD modeling to determine a ‘dam factor ’ in relation to practical atmospheric measurement techniques. Second, because the application of chemical monolayers is the only feasible alternative to the high cost of physically covering the storages to retard evaporation, the use of cetyl alcohol-based monolayers is reviewed, and preliminary research on their degradation by photolytic action, by wind break-up and by microbial degradation reported. Si...

Surface mine development and underground mine working below piezometric level invariably change the hydraulic gradient, thus affecting ground and surface water flow and water quality. The presence of water in mining sites creates a range... more

Surface mine development and underground mine working below piezometric level invariably change the hydraulic gradient, thus affecting ground and surface water flow and water quality. The presence of water in mining sites creates a range of operational and stability problems and requires a drainage plan to avoid slope stability problem, oxidation of metallic sulfides and corrosion of mining machinery and

Analysing water quality data entails reviewing and assessing the data to see if any errors were made during the sampling or analysis of the water quality sample or data entry. To detect any issues regarding data, a series of data checks... more

Analysing water quality data entails reviewing and assessing the data to see if any errors were made during the sampling or analysis of the water quality sample or data entry. To detect any issues regarding data, a series of data checks should be performed. Statswork offers statistical services as per the requirements of the customers. When you Order statistical Services at Statswork, we promise you the following always on Time, outstanding customer support, and High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
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The potential conflict between protection of water quality and economic development by different uses of land within river basins is a common problem in regional planning. Many studies have applied multiobjective decision analysis under... more

The potential conflict between protection of water quality and economic development by different uses of land within river basins is a common problem in regional planning. Many studies have applied multiobjective decision analysis under uncertainty to problems of this ...

The parameters such as temperature, PH, TSS, TDS, ammonia, phenol, cyanide, sulfide, oil and grease, chloride, DO, COD and BOD were taken to assess the water quality of Sirsiya river, central southern Nepal. Water samples were collected... more

The parameters such as temperature, PH, TSS, TDS, ammonia, phenol, cyanide, sulfide, oil and grease, chloride, DO, COD and BOD were taken to assess the water quality of Sirsiya river, central southern Nepal. Water samples were collected from upstream to downstream from the point receiving industrial effluent to Sirsiya river. It receives wastewater burden of more than 250 industries along Bara/Parsa industrial corridor. All the parameters except oil and grease were found within the generic standard. The study revealed that the physic-chemical characteristic of the river water was changing as a result of the discharge of untreated effluents from different industries. This may impact on water quality of Sirsiya river and also pose human health problems.

To assess the organochlorine contamination in the northeast coastal environment of Vietnam, a total of 41 surface sediments were collected from Ha Long Bay, Hai Phong Bay, and Ba Lat estuary, and analyzed for their organochlorine content.... more

To assess the organochlorine contamination in the northeast coastal environment of Vietnam, a total of 41 surface sediments were collected from Ha Long Bay, Hai Phong Bay, and Ba Lat estuary, and analyzed for their organochlorine content. Organochlorine compounds (OCs) were widely distributed in the Vietnamese coastal environment. Among the OCs measured, DDT compounds predominated with concentrations ranging from 0.31 to 274 ng g−1. The overall contamination level of DDTs in coastal sediments from northern Vietnam is comparable with those from other Asian countries. However, concentrations exceeding 100 ng g−1 are comparable with high concentrations reported from India and China, the largest DDT consumers in the world. The overall concentrations of PCBs, HCHs, and chlordanes in surface sediments were in the ranges of 0.04–18.71 ng g−1, not detected (n.d.) – 1.00 ng g−1, and n.d. – 0.75 ng g−1, respectively. Ha Long Bay and Hai Phong Bay were relatively more contaminated with DDTs and PCBs than other regions, respectively. In contrast, the distribution of HCHs was relatively homogeneous. OCs contamination in the coastal environment of Vietnam is closely related to shipping and industrial activities. The levels of DDT compounds in harbors and industrial areas exceeded their sediment quality guideline values suggested by Environment Canada [CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment), 2002. Canadian sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. In: Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg, MB] and Australian and New Zealand [ANZECC and ARMCANZ, 2000. National water quality management strategy. Paper No. 4, Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality, vol. 1, The Guidelines. Australia. Document: http://www.deh.gov.au/water/quality/nwqms/volume1.html], indicating that adverse effects may occur to marine species in that areas.

First flush of stormwater runoff plays an important role in water quality management. Since stormwater runoff during the initial period of precipitation events carries a greater portion of pollution loads, appropriate strategies are... more

First flush of stormwater runoff plays an important role in water quality management. Since stormwater runoff during the initial period of precipitation events carries a greater portion of pollution loads, appropriate strategies are needed for effectively controlling the non-point source loads (NPS). In the present study, case studies were performed in two industrial parks for correlating the relationship between pollutant

Nutrient pollution of rivers, streams, lakes, and estuaries is one of the preeminent water quality issues in the United States today, and poses a significant threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. Agricul- tural nonpoint discharges,... more

Nutrient pollution of rivers, streams, lakes, and estuaries is one of the preeminent water quality issues in the United States today, and poses a significant threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. Agricul- tural nonpoint discharges, the runoff of nitrogen and phosphorous from animal manure and chemical fertilizers, are the primary sources of such nutrient pollution.
A pervasive and long-standing problem, nonpoint pollution, nutri- ent and otherwise, has proven to be one of the toughest challenges in contemporary environmental regulation. This situation is significantly attributable to the political and administrative dynamics of fragmented regulatory authority. The power to control such nonpoint discharges re- mains largely beyond the reach of federal Clean Water Act authority, and rests with the states, who have proven to be reluctant regulators.
This Article proposes a new, conceptually different approach to changing the regulatory status quo and tackling the problem of nonpoint nutrient pollution. It draws a roadmap for a strategic leveraging of the Endangered Species Act, particularly Section 9, against individual non- point dischargers and/or their state regulators. It starts with the wide- spread ecological damage from nonpoint nutrient pollution and looks for a regulatory silver lining to the harmful effects that such nutrient pollu- tion is having on threatened and endangered species of aquatic wildlife. The core objective is to show how the strong protections ESA provides for listed wildlife can be leveraged to better protect the broader nutrient- afflicted aquatic ecosystems of which listed species are but one part.