Parkinsonism (original) (raw)
El parkinsonisme és una síndrome neurològica caracteritzada per tremolor, hipocinèsia, rigidesa i . Les causes subjacents són molt nombroses i el seu diagnòstic pot ser complex. Tot i que la malaltia de Parkinson és la causa més coneguda, hi ha tot un ventall d'etiologies que poden portar a símptomes similars, com ara toxines, malalties metabòliques, i moltes altres.La causa més freqüent d'aparició de parkinsonisme és l'efecte advers de medicacions, com ara els neurolèptics (sobretot les fenotiazines, però també altres com ara l'haloperidol) i, més rarament, antidepressius.
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| dbo:abstract | El parkinsonisme és una síndrome neurològica caracteritzada per tremolor, hipocinèsia, rigidesa i . Les causes subjacents són molt nombroses i el seu diagnòstic pot ser complex. Tot i que la malaltia de Parkinson és la causa més coneguda, hi ha tot un ventall d'etiologies que poden portar a símptomes similars, com ara toxines, malalties metabòliques, i moltes altres.La causa més freqüent d'aparició de parkinsonisme és l'efecte advers de medicacions, com ara els neurolèptics (sobretot les fenotiazines, però també altres com ara l'haloperidol) i, més rarament, antidepressius. (ca) الباركنسونية (بالإنجليزية: Parkinsonism) هو اضطراب عصبي مزمن يتسم في المقام الأول، وقد يراد بالباركنسونية أحياناً داء باركنسون. تشتمل الباركنسونية على التصلب والرعاش وبطء الحركة في الوقفة. يرجع الاسم إلى داء باركنسون الذي يتميز بهذه الأعراض، وقد توجد الباركنسونية في غير داء باركنسون، من مثل خرف أجسام ليوي . (ar) El parkinsonismo es un síndrome clínico que se caracteriza por temblor, bradicinesia, rigidez, e inestabilidad postural. Se encuentra en la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) —de la cual obtuvo su nombre—, la demencia con cuerpos de Lewy, y la demencia de la enfermedad de Parkinson (DEP), y muchas otras condiciones. Una amplia gama de causas pueden llevar a este conjunto de síntomas, incluyendo condiciones neurodegenerativas, drogas, toxinas, enfermedades metabólicas, y otras condiciones neurológicas distintas de la enfermedad de Parkinson. (es) Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia (slowed movements), rigidity, and postural instability. These are the four motor symptoms found in Parkinson's disease (PD), after which it is named, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and many other conditions. This set of symptoms occurs in a wide range of conditions and may have many causes, including neurodegenerative conditions, drugs, toxins, metabolic diseases, and neurological conditions other than PD. (en) パーキンソン症候群（パーキンソンしょうこうぐん、英語: Parkinson's syndrome）は、パーキンソン病以外の変性疾患や薬物投与、精神疾患等によりパーキンソン様症状が見られる疾患・状態を指す。パーキンソニズム (英語: Parkinsonism) ともよばれるが、パーキンソニズムは症状そのものをも意味する。 (ja) Oltre alla malattia di Parkinson esistono molti quadri clinici che appartengono alla famiglia delle malattie extrapiramidali e che per la loro somiglianza con la suddetta malattia sono detti appunto parkinsonismi. Il parkinsonismo è una sindrome clinica, che deriva il nome dall'essere appunto la presentazione principale del Parkinson, ed è caratterizzata da tremore (a riposo, e raramente d'azione, se non in comorbilità con tremore essenziale), acatisia (spinta a muoversi, il sintomo extrapiramidale più comune), bradicinesia (movimenti lenti), rigidità, ipotensione ortostatica, , acinesia o sindrome ipocinetica, discinesia, e a volte altri sintomi presenti nel Parkinson, come camptocormia (postura flessa in avanti), camminata con tratto di Gowers o festinatio, ossia piccoli passi accelerati, insonnia o ipersonnia, ipertonia, astenia, mancanza o diminuzione di mimica facciale (amimia, ipoamimia), passo strascicato, disartria e afasia motoria (difficoltà o impossibilità a parlare), oppure bradilalia (parlata lenta), ecc. Anche se i parkinsonismi condividono alcuni sintomi presenti nella malattia di Parkinson (da cui mutuano il nome), differiscono dal morbo di Parkinson per via che quest'ultima è una malattia neurodegenerativa progressiva. Il parkinsonismo non è quasi mai progressivo, anche se a volte può essere legato a patologie di questo tipo come causa primaria. Le cause di parkinsonismo sono numerose e la diagnosi può essere complessa. . La condizione neurodegenerativa della malattia di Parkinson (PD) è la causa più comune di parkinsonismo, tuttavia una vasta gamma di altre eziologie può portare ad una serie simile di sintomi: tossine, alcune malattie metaboliche e altre condizioni neurologiche diverse dal Parkinson. Circa il 7% delle persone con parkinsonismo hanno sviluppato i loro sintomi dopo il trattamento con particolari farmaci come effetto collaterale: antipsicotici (con accentuazione paradossa di alcuni sintomi psichiatrici) prevalentemente neurolettici tipici (a volte anche antipsicotici atipici in politerapia) soprattutto le fenotiazine (ad esempio e clorpromazina), tiotixene (come flupentixolo e zuclopentixolo) e butirrofenoni (aloperidolo o Haldol), piperazine (come ad esempio ziprasidone), e raramente antidepressivi. L'incidenza di parkinsonismo è indotto da farmaci con l'aumentare dell'età. Il parkinsonismo da farmaci può non peggiorare, ossia può non progredire come nel morbo di Parkinson. (it) De wetenschap gebruikt het begrip parkinsonisme meestal als verzamelnaam voor een specifiek ziektebeeld. Het gaat daarbij om bewegingsarmoede in combinatie met balansstoornissen en/of tremoren en/of stijfheid. De ziekte van Parkinson is de meest voorkomende veroorzaker van die verschijnselen, maar er zijn ook andere veroorzakers, die men aanduidt als atypische parkinsonismen, als verzamelnaam voor een aantal verschillende ziekten. Atypische parkinsonismen worden in het dagelijks gebruik ook wel kortweg aangeduid als parkinsonismen. Zo spreekt de Parkinson Vereniging meestal over parkinson én parkinsonismen, naast elkaar, waarbij met parkinson de ziekte van Parkinson bedoeld wordt en met parkinsonismen de atypische vormen. (nl) Parkinsonizm – zespół neurologiczny znamienny dla uszkodzeń układu pozapiramidowego, zwłaszcza istoty czarnej i gałki bladej, charakteryzujący się objawami: * drżenia (o charakterze spoczynkowym) * spowolnienie ruchów (bradykinezja) * zubożenie ruchów (zmniejszona aktywność) * trudności w utrzymaniu prawidłowej postawy ciała * hipomimia lub amimia * monotonna mowa * wzmożenie napięcia mięśni (sztywność mięśni). (pl) Parkinsonismo, síndrome de Parkinson, parkinsonismo atípico ou parkinsonismo secundário (DP) é uma síndrome específica caracterizada por tremor, hipocinesia, rigidez e instabilidade postural. A causa mais comum de parkinsonismo é a condição neurodegenerativa conhecida como doença de Parkinson, entretanto, o parkinsonismo pode ser causado por diversas outras doenças, inclusive algumas toxinas, algumas doenças metabólicas, e outras condições neurológicas. Embora cada caso mereça ser analisado de forma particular, outra causa comum do Parkinsonismo é o efeito colateral de medicamentos, principalmente os neurolépticos antipsicóticos, como as fenotiazinas (tais como a clorpromazina e a ), os (como o flupentixol e o zuclopentixol) e as butirofenonas (como o haloperidol), as piperazinas (tais como a ziprasidona) e, raramente, os antidepressivos. A doença de Parkinson (DP) é dita idiopática, isto é, sem causa definida, mas outras formas de parkinsonismo, como os casos genéticos ou secundários a outras doenças ou exposição a substâncias, e mesmo os chamados parkinsonismos atípicos podem existir, acometendo pessoas de todas as idades e sexos, mas com prevalência maior em pessoas acima de 60 anos de idade. (pt) Паркинсони́зм — неврологический синдром, который характеризуется рядом симптомов: тремором, мышечной ригидностью (устойчивое повышение мышечного тонуса, равномерное сопротивление мышц во всех фазах пассивного движения, одинаково выраженное в сгибателях и разгибателях), постуральной неустойчивостью (неспособность удерживать равновесие, трудности ходьбы, падения) и брадикинезией (замедленный темп движений, трудность начальных движений, трудность поворотов). Ядро клинической картины паркинсонизма представляет собой акинетико-ригидный синдром. (ru) 帕金森症候群（Parkinsonism）是和運動機能相關的臨床症候群，其特徵是顫抖、運動功能減退、及。在帕金森氏症（PD）患者身上會有類似症狀（此症候群因此而得名），而路易氏體失智症（DLB）、（PDD）等疾病也會有此症狀。這類症候群的病因範圍很廣，包括神經退化障礙疾病、藥物、毒素、代謝疾病，或是帕金森氏症以外的神經性疾病。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | El parkinsonisme és una síndrome neurològica caracteritzada per tremolor, hipocinèsia, rigidesa i . Les causes subjacents són molt nombroses i el seu diagnòstic pot ser complex. Tot i que la malaltia de Parkinson és la causa més coneguda, hi ha tot un ventall d'etiologies que poden portar a símptomes similars, com ara toxines, malalties metabòliques, i moltes altres.La causa més freqüent d'aparició de parkinsonisme és l'efecte advers de medicacions, com ara els neurolèptics (sobretot les fenotiazines, però també altres com ara l'haloperidol) i, més rarament, antidepressius. (ca) الباركنسونية (بالإنجليزية: Parkinsonism) هو اضطراب عصبي مزمن يتسم في المقام الأول، وقد يراد بالباركنسونية أحياناً داء باركنسون. تشتمل الباركنسونية على التصلب والرعاش وبطء الحركة في الوقفة. يرجع الاسم إلى داء باركنسون الذي يتميز بهذه الأعراض، وقد توجد الباركنسونية في غير داء باركنسون، من مثل خرف أجسام ليوي . (ar) El parkinsonismo es un síndrome clínico que se caracteriza por temblor, bradicinesia, rigidez, e inestabilidad postural. Se encuentra en la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) —de la cual obtuvo su nombre—, la demencia con cuerpos de Lewy, y la demencia de la enfermedad de Parkinson (DEP), y muchas otras condiciones. Una amplia gama de causas pueden llevar a este conjunto de síntomas, incluyendo condiciones neurodegenerativas, drogas, toxinas, enfermedades metabólicas, y otras condiciones neurológicas distintas de la enfermedad de Parkinson. (es) Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia (slowed movements), rigidity, and postural instability. These are the four motor symptoms found in Parkinson's disease (PD), after which it is named, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and many other conditions. This set of symptoms occurs in a wide range of conditions and may have many causes, including neurodegenerative conditions, drugs, toxins, metabolic diseases, and neurological conditions other than PD. (en) パーキンソン症候群（パーキンソンしょうこうぐん、英語: Parkinson's syndrome）は、パーキンソン病以外の変性疾患や薬物投与、精神疾患等によりパーキンソン様症状が見られる疾患・状態を指す。パーキンソニズム (英語: Parkinsonism) ともよばれるが、パーキンソニズムは症状そのものをも意味する。 (ja) De wetenschap gebruikt het begrip parkinsonisme meestal als verzamelnaam voor een specifiek ziektebeeld. Het gaat daarbij om bewegingsarmoede in combinatie met balansstoornissen en/of tremoren en/of stijfheid. De ziekte van Parkinson is de meest voorkomende veroorzaker van die verschijnselen, maar er zijn ook andere veroorzakers, die men aanduidt als atypische parkinsonismen, als verzamelnaam voor een aantal verschillende ziekten. Atypische parkinsonismen worden in het dagelijks gebruik ook wel kortweg aangeduid als parkinsonismen. Zo spreekt de Parkinson Vereniging meestal over parkinson én parkinsonismen, naast elkaar, waarbij met parkinson de ziekte van Parkinson bedoeld wordt en met parkinsonismen de atypische vormen. (nl) Parkinsonizm – zespół neurologiczny znamienny dla uszkodzeń układu pozapiramidowego, zwłaszcza istoty czarnej i gałki bladej, charakteryzujący się objawami: * drżenia (o charakterze spoczynkowym) * spowolnienie ruchów (bradykinezja) * zubożenie ruchów (zmniejszona aktywność) * trudności w utrzymaniu prawidłowej postawy ciała * hipomimia lub amimia * monotonna mowa * wzmożenie napięcia mięśni (sztywność mięśni). (pl) Паркинсони́зм — неврологический синдром, который характеризуется рядом симптомов: тремором, мышечной ригидностью (устойчивое повышение мышечного тонуса, равномерное сопротивление мышц во всех фазах пассивного движения, одинаково выраженное в сгибателях и разгибателях), постуральной неустойчивостью (неспособность удерживать равновесие, трудности ходьбы, падения) и брадикинезией (замедленный темп движений, трудность начальных движений, трудность поворотов). Ядро клинической картины паркинсонизма представляет собой акинетико-ригидный синдром. (ru) 帕金森症候群（Parkinsonism）是和運動機能相關的臨床症候群，其特徵是顫抖、運動功能減退、及。在帕金森氏症（PD）患者身上會有類似症狀（此症候群因此而得名），而路易氏體失智症（DLB）、（PDD）等疾病也會有此症狀。這類症候群的病因範圍很廣，包括神經退化障礙疾病、藥物、毒素、代謝疾病，或是帕金森氏症以外的神經性疾病。 (zh) Oltre alla malattia di Parkinson esistono molti quadri clinici che appartengono alla famiglia delle malattie extrapiramidali e che per la loro somiglianza con la suddetta malattia sono detti appunto parkinsonismi. (it) Parkinsonismo, síndrome de Parkinson, parkinsonismo atípico ou parkinsonismo secundário (DP) é uma síndrome específica caracterizada por tremor, hipocinesia, rigidez e instabilidade postural. A causa mais comum de parkinsonismo é a condição neurodegenerativa conhecida como doença de Parkinson, entretanto, o parkinsonismo pode ser causado por diversas outras doenças, inclusive algumas toxinas, algumas doenças metabólicas, e outras condições neurológicas. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | باركنسونية (مرض) (ar) Parkinsonisme (ca) Parkinsonismo (es) Parkinsonismi (it) パーキンソン症候群 (ja) Parkinsonism (en) Parkinsonisme (nl) Parkinsonizm (pl) Parkinsonismo (pt) Паркинсонизм (ru) 帕金森症候群 (zh) |
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