Alienation Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

In Baudrillard's words, the consumption society needs objects in order to be. This situation opens the way for all abstract-concrete assets in social life to be perceived as an object open to consumption. Consumption, in the words of... more

In Baudrillard's words, the consumption society needs objects in order to be. This situation opens the way for all abstract-concrete assets in social life to be perceived as an object open to consumption. Consumption, in the words of Pallasmaa, has brought the tending towards to vision that is the only sense that can keep up with it. The study aims at revealing the effects of the tendency of the consumption phenomenon to see on design, especially spatial design. It also aims at revealing how designing, which becomes increasingly instrumental in the consumer society, transforms the spaces into an object for consumption with a design approach that focuses on visuality. In the study, which emphasizes the human body and experience against vision and visualization in spatial design with the awareness that the objects experienced directly cannot be consumed; the basic values that need to be emphasized in the design are tried to be revealed through the descriptive research and qualitative analysis methods to prevent the space and human from alienating each other and to prevent it from being consumable. In this context, the study reveals the consequences of visuality-designconsumption relationships for the spatial design today.

This article traces the radical devaluation of the phantasm throughout Western civilization. With the help of Nietzsche's critical perspective, I develop a notion of hystery as the series of collective traumas repeated in each... more

This article traces the radical devaluation of the phantasm throughout Western civilization. With the help of Nietzsche's critical perspective, I develop a notion of hystery as the series of collective traumas repeated in each individual's growth, whereby the phantasm changes value from psychosomatic interface, to evil incarnate, to disease of learning. Beginning with the Classical episteme represented by Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics, then moving up through the Christian era, I focus primarily on Enlightenment thinkers such as Hobbes and Bacon, who represent the last nail in the imagination's coffin. The next section examines Nietzsche's rediscovery of the phantasm and the theoretical contributions of post-structuralism that follow in Nietzsche's wake. Juxtaposing Bataille and Deleuze, I look at Deleuze's early enthusiasm and ultimate betrayal of the phantasm, and I posit Bataille's emphasis on the affective force of the mythological phantasm as an insurrection to reclaim our experience and life along with it. The article ends with speculation, offering Bruno's art of memory as an ontic and epistemic alternative to dominant Western hystery, other pasts opening to other possible futures, an ungrounding that paradoxically leads to a restoration of the human house in a re-enchanted cosmos.

Karl Marx is one of the most influential thinkers of all times. He stated that philosophers shouldn’t just explain the world, but also change it. Marx was rather successful in doing this, since his Communist Manifesto and Capital had... more

Karl Marx is one of the most influential thinkers of all times. He stated that philosophers shouldn’t just explain the world, but also change it. Marx was rather successful in doing this, since his Communist Manifesto and Capital had great impact. His thoughts boosted political movements like communism and Marxism. But did things turn out as he originally intended? Nolen Gertz will explain Marx on May Day.

The Doppelganger issue is caused by the denial of the self which is an unacceptable part of the society, this denial, which is called bad faith (mauvaise foi) leads to the demonizing and oppressing the inner self and causes the conflict... more

The Doppelganger issue is caused by the denial of the self which is an unacceptable part of the society, this denial, which is called bad faith (mauvaise foi) leads to the demonizing and oppressing the inner self and causes the conflict between the selves.

Although the concept of school engagement figures prominently in most school dropout theories, there has been little empirical research conducted on its nature and course and, more importantly, the association with dropout. Information on... more

Although the concept of school engagement figures prominently in most school dropout theories, there has been little empirical research conducted on its nature and course and, more importantly, the association with dropout. Information on the natural development of school engagement would greatly benefit those interested in preventing student alienation during adolescence. Using a longitudinal sample of 11,827 French-Canadian high school students, we tested behavioral, affective, cognitive indices of engagement both separately and as a global construct. We then assessed their contribution as prospective predictors of school dropout using factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Global engagement reliably predicted school dropout. Among its three specific dimensions, only behavioral engagement made a significant contribution in the prediction equation. Our findings confirm the robustness of the overall multidimensional construct of school engagement, which reflects both cognitive and psychosocial characteristics, and underscore the importance attributed to basic participation and compliance issues in reliably estimating risk of not completing basic schooling during adolescence.

A SAMPLE CHAPTER, Chapter 6, from A General Theory of Emotions and Social Life (London and New York: Routledge, 2013) . Secondary emotions, continued: The eight tertiary dyads -- Resourcefulness and shock, morbidness and resignation,... more

A SAMPLE CHAPTER, Chapter 6, from A General Theory of Emotions and Social Life (London and New York: Routledge, 2013) . Secondary emotions, continued: The eight tertiary dyads -- Resourcefulness and shock, morbidness and resignation, sullenness and guilt, anxiety and outrage. The tertiary dyads, which, by definition, are composed of the eight pairs of primary emotions located three positions apart in Plutchik's 1962 wheel, are presented as four pairs of opposites.
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(SDM) and social control theory in delinquency. In particular, this study examines one major aspect of the SDM, social control theory, through an empirical examination of a large (self-report) data set. Results of this study show that... more

(SDM) and social control theory in delinquency. In particular, this study examines one major aspect of the SDM, social control theory, through an empirical examination of a large (self-report) data set. Results of this study show that attachment and commitment to parents, school, and peers is associated with delinquency for both boys and girls. In terms of gender, parental attachment and commitment play a stronger role in female delinquency, while alienation plays a stronger role in male delinquency.

Work organizations have long employed various management techniques in order to maximize workers’ engagement, which in itself implies that ‘alienation’ at work is common. One of the central descriptions of alienation in classic writings... more

Work organizations have long employed various management techniques in order to maximize workers’ engagement, which in itself implies that ‘alienation’ at work is common. One of the central descriptions of alienation in classic writings is the idea of not being ‘at home’ while at work. In this article, however, we explore its obverse, which we term ‘disalienation’ – a relationship to work based on assumptions concerning control and agency, aided by collective participatory mechanisms for identity construction and dialogical building of social relationships. We suggest that the concept and experience can be productively explored in the context of organizations which are owned and controlled by workers. Using ethnographic case studies from two Polish co-operatives, we discuss the potential characteristics of a disalienating relation to a work organization and suggest that co-operatives can provide a way for workers to be ‘at home’ while they are at work.

The article examines the current conditions of labour within the neoliberal university, particularly with respect to the labour of borderland academics. Borderland is used in this instance to refer to the political space embodied by... more

The article examines the current conditions of labour within the neoliberal university, particularly with respect to the labour of borderland academics. Borderland is used in this instance to refer to the political space embodied by radical intellectuals across disciplines engaged in examining questions of class, race, gender and other social formations of inequality, through materialist perspectives. This work sets out an appeal for an emancipatory pedagogy and praxis by politically engaged academics, based on well-established foundations of revolutionary pedagogy, including Paulo Freire's notion of social consciousness as an imperative of educational practice in higher education. Toward this end, a concrete use value of academic labour is discussed, promoting such commitments in our practice with students and colleagues to support possibilities for the emancipatory reshaping of academic work, institutions, and society. In all forms of society there is one specific kind of production which predominates over the rest, whose relations thus assign rank and influence to the others. It is a general illumination which bathes all the other colours and modifies their particularity. It is a particular ether which determines the specific gravity of every being which has materialized within it. —Karl Marx (1972) The specific kind of production that historically has shaped academic labour has always functioned in the interest of capitalism, despite contradictory ideals that have informed past discourses of academic freedom and liberal sensibilities. Today, however, the overriding imperatives of neoliberalism within universities have not only more fully disfigured academic labour, but have in its wake eroded any semblance of liberal ideals, conveniently relegating social welfare concerns to the cultural wasteland of university life. Hence this phenomenon is not only an ideological one but one that has also transpired in clear and well-documented ways: intensified workloads, casualization (or adjunct labour), competition for internal and external resources, and the privileging of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), in sync with metrics based Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), tenure requirements, and performance management. Despite some recent (e.g. Venezuela, Bolivia) and brief (e.g. Greece) breaks with the neoliberal project, these and associated trends within universities continue as part of a " particular ether " or broad consensus amongst educational pundits, policy makers, and university administrators on how the 21 st century university ought to function, produce knowledge, and participate in the formation of future intellectuals. In this paper we focus on the intensified alienation of academic work under these conditions, as

It is generally accepted that Rousseau gave one of the most fierce critique of modern civilization and society in general. He is often claimed to have accurately described or at least anticipated what later on has been named alienation,... more

It is generally accepted that Rousseau gave one of the most fierce critique of modern civilization and society in general. He is often claimed to have accurately described or at least anticipated what later on has been named alienation, even if he himself made no use of this term. In my paper I examine what might be regarded as a precursor conception of alienation in Rousseau’s work. In order to highlight theoretical differences and presuppositions, I shall also discuss Marx’s theory of alienation.
I shall argue that what we find in Rousseau can only be labelled as alienation in a broader sense, since the semantic core of alienation, i.e. becoming strange to someone, is not the basic problem in Rousseau’s description. A closer reading of Rousseau’s second discourse on unequality will serve as a point of reference in interpreting the term “alienation”. The treatise essentially claims that (1) human beings under conditions of civilization are unnoticed slaves, and (2) that this slavery to one another was brought about by a socio-cultural development leading to a loss of authenticity. I point out that there is a general scheme of alienation that might be described as possession – disappropriaton – reappropriation, and I shall claim with regard to Rousseau that he has but a short version in form of possession – disappropriation.

Juxtaposing two of the most familiar young adult literary characters, this paper tries to read the comparison between the two characters of two different periods with different backgrounds. Both these characters show a few common... more

Juxtaposing two of the most familiar young adult literary characters, this paper tries to read the comparison between the two characters of two different periods with different backgrounds. Both these characters show a few common character traits, such as-loneliness, shyness, and post-traumatic stress disorder, to name a few. This paper tends to explore the connection between the nature of their respective traumatic youths through the lens of Freudian psychoanalysis. Holden and Charlie are two conjoined characters linked by their aloofness and oddities-this very paper puts an effort to understand why they want to 'observe the world' rather than 'participate actively.'Finally, this paper delves into inquiring if these traumatic youths represent the universal condition of the struggling youngsters and their self-inflicted ostracism from society.

Abstract. ‘The world’s landscapes are but the screen on which the past, present, and anticipated cosmic vanity of mankind is written. Land is the palimpsest of human needs, desires, meaning, greed, and fears’. James Houston’s vision of... more

Abstract. ‘The world’s landscapes are but the screen on which the past, present, and anticipated cosmic vanity of mankind is written. Land is the palimpsest of human needs, desires, meaning, greed, and fears’. James Houston’s vision of landscapes as reservoirs of the most fundamental aspects of humanity supports the cognitive value of traveling as far as interhuman relationships are concerned. This, in its interracial dimension, was a primary interest of John Howard Griffin. In 1959 the renowned white Texan journalist went on a tour of the Deep South, a quest preceded by a specific medical treatment resulting in Griffin’s skin turning black. The journey was documented in the bestselling memoir Black Like Me, which is a testimony of Griffin’s passing as a black man, the resulting alienation, dealing with ‘the hate stare’ and, finally, him re-examining his own racism. The aim of my article is to demonstrate that, although some critics claim his passing was a failure (e.g., Kate Baldwin’s assertion that Griffin’s blackness is only superficial as the author sustains his ‘white’ jargon both in thought and talk), the discussed memoir approaches the racial Other by sharing some vital features with the slave narrative (its purpose being the enhancement of communal consciousness or asking a white person to preface and thus authenticate the story).

Rex Walsh has qualifications in Business, Law, and Education. He has been fortunate to work across many universities and he has also taught in most units within Business and Law. His particular areas of research interest involve ethics... more

Rex Walsh has qualifications in Business, Law, and Education. He has been fortunate to work across many universities and he has also taught in most units within Business and Law. His particular areas of research interest involve ethics and contemporary issues in accounting particularly social and

From a behaviorist perspective, the desire to upload “minds” is already being realized on a mass, hyper-industrial scale thanks to the convergence of cognitive computing and Big Data. The accusation is that the “mind” is not an entity... more

From a behaviorist perspective, the desire to upload “minds” is already being realized on a mass, hyper-industrial scale thanks to the convergence of cognitive computing and Big Data. The accusation is that the “mind” is not an entity that exists intracranially. Instead, it is conceived as a process of individuation, which occurs in different modes and numbers. Some narratives of mind-uploading and technics in popular culture are explored: Transcendence (2014, dir. Wally Pfister) and Player Piano by Kurt Vonnegut. The discussed issues consider Bernard Stiegler’s phenomenological notion of originary default and Thierry Bardini’s analysis of junk. Several questions are raised regarding miscalculations, accidents, in addition to Nicolas Agar’s discussion on the end of humanity, and Daniel Dennett’s Multiple Drafts theory within the context of exteriorization, which is considered as constitutive of interiority.

This article explores ethical and financial issues in connection with the cancellation of Australia's National Soccer League (NSL), at the end of the 2003-2004 season, and its replacement with the corporatist A-League competition which... more

This article explores ethical and financial issues in connection with the cancellation of Australia's National Soccer League (NSL), at the end of the 2003-2004 season, and its replacement with the corporatist A-League competition which excluded the ethnic clubs which had made up the bulk of the NSL. These ethnic clubs had been formed by and primarily served the needs and interests of the various Croatian, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Macedonian, and Yugoslav ethnic communities located in Australia's major cities. Many commentators were of the opinion that one of the aims of the A-League and its 'ground-zero' or 'scorched-earth' ideology was to institute exclusion of the ethnic clubs that had formed the backbone of the NSL for 30 years. We conclude that fans and volunteer labour forces of the ethnic clubs have been alienated, in the Marxist sense, from the A-League; the A-League clubs; and the Football Federation of Australia (FFA).

Se Gli impiegati fosse un film, inizierebbe con una veduta aerea di Berlino, sul finire degli anni venti del XX secolo. È mattina presto, l'autunno già iniziato lascia tracce nella luce debole e nel foliage urbano. La città già sveglia... more

Se Gli impiegati fosse un film, inizierebbe con una veduta aerea di Berlino, sul finire degli anni venti del XX secolo. È mattina presto, l'autunno già iniziato lascia tracce nella luce debole e nel foliage urbano. La città già sveglia scaglia le sue masse impiegatizie verso gli edifici del centro: eleganti banche, così come anonimi palazzi pubblici e privati, davanti ai quali gli impiegati si affollano in ordinate file per iniziare la giornata lavorativa. Formiche in abiti alla moda. Fuoricampo, la voce del narratore: «Ogni giorno centinaia di migliaia di impiegati popolano le strade di Berlino, eppure la loro vita è più sconosciuta di quella delle tribù primitive di cui gli impiegati ammirano i costumi al cinematografo» (Kracauer 2020, p. 19). A seguire, una serie di primi piani, ma senza volto: la cinepresa indugia su piedi, gambe, busti, dimenticando volontariamente il viso delle donne e degli uomini che entrano in ufficio. In rapida sequenza vediamo scarpe, pantaloni, gonne, camicie, quasi uniformi nei loro colori spenti-in contrasto con le vivaci foglie autunnali. Porzioni di tessuto in movimento, con il ritmo regolare di un dispositivo meccanico, inquadrati come indizi dell'uniformità degli impiegati, della sostituibilità funzionale che ne fa equivalenti inconsapevoli del proletariato di fabbrica, non fosse per le giacche impeccabili al posto della tuta da lavoro. Solo dopo questa carrellata di presenze assenti, il regista ci regala un primo piano, e un primo volto: quello di un'impiegata che, licenziata per ragioni ignote allo spettatore, presenta ricorso per riavere il lavoro o, al limite, un'indennità. Lasciamo per un istante l'interno del tribunale del lavoro, e la fantasia di questo film mai girato, per tornare sulle pagine di "Fata Morgana Web" e dichiarare il nostro scopo: non quello di recensire Gli impiegati di Siegfried Kracauer-compito già assolto brillantemente prima di noi da Walter Benjamin e Ernst Bloch, suoi colleghi alla "Frankfurter Zeitung"-ma, piuttosto, chiederci se e perché valga la pena leggere questo testo fuori dal comune che, a 90 anni esatti dalla sua prima edizione tedesca, la sociologia ha spesso snobbato. L'occasione ci viene offerta da Meltemi, che ha recentemente ripubblicato il testo con l'introduzione di Luciano Gallino alla prima (e fino a poco tempo fa) unica edizione italiana (Einaudi 1980) e un saggio di Maurizio Guerri. Innanzitutto, chi è Siegfried Kracauer? Un architetto con ambizioni da critico cinematografico e sociologo, frequentazioni importanti quali Theodor Adorno, Max Scheler e Georg Simmel, e uno straordinario teatro di osservazione della vita metropolitana moderna quale la Berlino degli anni venti. Uno dei suoi lavori più noti, Teoria del film, ne fa autore di rilievo per la sociologia del film e giustifica la libertà che ci siamo presi nell'immaginare uno sviluppo cinematografico de Gli impiegati; ma è soprattutto quest'ultimo lavoro a collocare Kracauer tra i pionieri della sociologia empirica di stampo qualitativo.

Studies on the effect of cooperative learning have demonstrated its efficacy in improving the cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes of schooling. However, it remains unclear what forms of cooperation are especially effective in... more

Studies on the effect of cooperative learning have demonstrated its efficacy in improving the cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes of schooling. However, it remains unclear what forms of cooperation are especially effective in multilingual contexts. This research examines the connection between positive goal interdependence and positive resource interdependence as two forms of cooperation and learners' perceptions of selected aspects of classroom climate, namely the degree of personal and academic support, valuing of heterogeneity, alienation from school, and fairness of grading. The participants are 76 (n = 76) students enrolled in an intensive English program associated with a major university in the Middle East and designed to enable learners to function in all-English curricula at the college level. The results indicated statistically significant differences between the low and high positive goal interdependence groups in favor of the latter on the variables of teacher academic support, teacher personal support, peer academic support, peer personal support, and fairness of grading. Likewise, significant differences were found between the low and high positive resource interdependence groups in favor of the latter on the variables of teacher academic support, teacher personal support, and peer academic support. Results are presented and discussed in light of previous research.

Punishment and the law it represents are considered to be sacred in the US. Current understandings of punishment rely on traditional notions of benevolent paternalism which has come to represent hegemonic ideology. By using privatization... more

Punishment and the law it represents are considered to be sacred in the US. Current understandings of punishment rely on traditional notions of benevolent paternalism which has come to represent hegemonic ideology. By using privatization as a launching point, this paper is meant to address punishment in the United States as a profit making system. By viewing alienation and anomie as foundation for the existence of the criminal justice apparatus this work is meant to challenge boundaries used by many scholars as ways to understand the growth of the prison industrial complex. By beginning our understanding of punishment at the end of feudalism and serfdom, this paper highlights that at each state in its grotesque development, the criminal justice system has never truly been about justice; but instead a way to exploit labor, create anomie and alienation, while embodying the logic of capital. This has resulted in a monstrous machine presenting itself as sanctified.

The article proposes a typology of meaninglessness based on the semiotics of Charles S. Peirce: meaningless as indecipherable; as incomprehensible; and as uncanny. Each type is exemplified with reference to anecdotic semiotic experience... more

The article proposes a typology of meaninglessness based on the semiotics of Charles S. Peirce: meaningless as indecipherable; as incomprehensible; and as uncanny. Each type is exemplified with reference to anecdotic semiotic experience gained while riding Japanese buses. Meaninglessness, however, is not insignificance. Insignificance is a much more disquieting anthropological condition, which the article describes with reference to two symmetrical processes: on the one hand, the euphoric passage from significance to insignificance, a passage meant as the “birth of new meaning”; on the other hand, the dysphoric passage from significance to insignificance, a passage which coincides with the alienation of human existence. Through several examples take from present-day societies, the article advocates for an active role of semiotics in warning human communities against the “emergence of insignificance” and its potential of violence and exploitation.

Breaching of contractual obligations may lead to certain negative consequences. Hence, this work analyzes the theoretical aspects of termination of contractual obligations in Ukraine’s civil law. The article aims to study the obligation... more

Breaching of contractual obligations may lead to certain negative consequences. Hence, this work analyzes the theoretical aspects of termination of contractual obligations in Ukraine’s civil law. The article aims to study the obligation termination mechanism by determining the legal framework for its functioning. The author focuses on one of the forms of contractual obligation termination, more specifically, the start of cancellation and deferred status of a legal transaction. Using normative and protective functions in legislation, the author plans to determine specifics of legal facts of normative compensatory nature. It is established, that the condition for cancellation of a legal transaction, can be a direct or reverse mechanism for the termination of contractual obligations. A condition for cancellation of a legal transaction can be applied to the whole transaction or to its separate parts.

an old student paper) Defenders and detractors of John Brown may disagree about many things, but few will deny that he was, at the very least, a fascinating character. In his lifetime he was even more famous-more loved and more... more

an old student paper) Defenders and detractors of John Brown may disagree about many things, but few will deny that he was, at the very least, a fascinating character. In his lifetime he was even more famous-more loved and more loathed-than he is now. From the Transcendentalists to the governor who hanged him, from the Union soldiers to Ku Klux Klan members, people have been fascinated by him. Why is this? It isn't only because of his daring raid on Harpers Ferry, for other men have done daring things without becoming objects of fascination. Rather, the cult of John Brown seems to derive from his singlemindedness, his unshakeable conviction of righteousness, his willingness to commit violence in pursuit of a noble end (a holy end, for him), combined with his intelligence, his eloquence, his courage. In short, what intrigues people, at least implicitly, is the contrast between him and his age. He had integrity, he was an old Puritan, an anachronistic Puritan from the days of Oliver Cromwell, he was "authentic"; his age was hypocritical, confused, self-estranged (as evidenced by its Civil War). This is the impression one gets from the outraged literature of the time, 1 and from the testaments of Brown's character given by Thoreau, Emerson, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry A. Wise (governor of Virginia), and others. 2 In this paper I will investigate such claims. That is, I will explore the relation between Brown and his age, between Brown and the Transcendentalists in particular, in the hope that doing so will yield insights not only into the phenomena I'm 'directly' discussing (namely the Transcendentalists, Brown, and their society) but also into the meaning and nature of "authenticity" itself, this concept which is central to Brown's mystique.

The themes of Science, Alienation and Dystopia through Huxley’s Brave New World and Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go.

Esej jest wprowadzeniem w polskie wydanie książki Hartmuta Rosy "Przyspieszenie, wyobcowanie, rezonans. Projekt krytycznej teorii późnonowoczesnej czasowości" – pierwszej książki Rosy wydanej w języku polskim. Jako że stanowi ona... more

Esej jest wprowadzeniem w polskie wydanie książki Hartmuta Rosy "Przyspieszenie, wyobcowanie, rezonans. Projekt krytycznej teorii późnonowoczesnej czasowości" – pierwszej książki Rosy wydanej w języku polskim. Jako że stanowi ona jednocześnie przystępne wprowadzenie w rozwijaną od dwóch dekad teorię i jej kluczowe pojęcia, przekład otwiera wreszcie możliwość polskiej recepcji twórczości tego socjologa. Niniejsze tłumaczenie bazuje na przeredagowanym niemieckim wydaniu (2013) popularnonaukowego eseju pt. "Acceleration and Alienation. Towards a Critical Theory of Late-modern Temporality" (2010). Publikacją tą autor podsumowywał wiele lat badań nad zjawiskiem przyspieszenia i jego wpływu na życie indywidualne oraz wspólnotowe.

Los resultados de la economía se distinguen de los obtenidos por otras ciencias sociales, principalmente, porque su presentación acude a una representación formal o modelo que capta de manera simplificada las situaciones que se pretenden... more

Los resultados de la economía se distinguen de los obtenidos por otras ciencias sociales, principalmente, porque su presentación acude a una representación formal o modelo que capta de manera simplificada las situaciones que se pretenden analizar, demostrando teoremas significativos. La mayoría de las investigaciones económicas se concentran en el estudio de las propiedades de las construcciones teóricas, dejando de lado sus aplicaciones empíricas y presuponiendo gran parte de la "información empírica de base". Así, el desarrollo de la teoría económica se ha concebido como la producción apriorística de un archivo o una sucesión de modelos de complejidad progresiva. Aunque hay quienes han sostenido el realismo creciente de estas construcciones (e.g. , también se ha criticado el estilo instrumentalista de presentación que dificulta reconocer fundamentos, distinguir fuentes del conocimiento económico y evaluar "¿en qué medida se derivan de la observación empírica, y en cuál del razonamiento teórico?" (Koopmans 1957: 143).

The purpose of this study is to investigate school alienation in relation to state-trait anger and socio-demographic variables (e.g., gender and socio-economic status). In this research, survey method has been used. The sample consisted... more

The purpose of this study is to investigate school alienation in relation to state-trait
anger and socio-demographic variables (e.g., gender and socio-economic status). In
this research, survey method has been used. The sample consisted of 300 female and
298 male high school students who came from different socio-economic levels. The
participants’ mean age is 17.6 years. To collect data a “Personal Information Form”,
“the State- Trait Anger Scale” and “the Student Alienation Scale” were used. Multivariate
analysis of variance was used to determine gender, socio-economic level
and state- trait anger differences on the students’ alienation used as dependent variables.
When there were significant multivariate effects (Wilks’ Lambda criterion)
separate analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted on each dependent variable
to determine the source of the effect. The level of significance was set at p < .01.
The results indicate that there is a significant difference between students’ school
alienation and state-trait anger.

This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.

Considering "pathologies of work" in the context of a historico-normative reconstruction of the meaning of work as social cooperation, the paper intends to establish a connection between a number of different problems. These include the... more

Considering "pathologies of work" in the context of a historico-normative reconstruction of the meaning of work as social cooperation, the paper intends to establish a connection between a number of different problems. These include the continued existence of exploitation and alienation as well as the precariousness of work and long-term unemployment. Borrowing a phrase from Hegel, work is conceived as "sharing, participating or partaking in the universal resources of society," where "resources" include wealth as well as competencies. The above-mentioned pathologies of work can then be understood as different ways of refusing or preventing participation in these "universal resources."

About the writer Helmut Krausser, his musical approaches, and his compositions.

Si le métier de journaliste est souvent présenté comme une aventure exaltante permettant d’éviter la banalité du quotidien, il n’est pas à l’abri de la division aliénante du travail, de l’automatisation et de l’exploitation du travail non... more

Si le métier de journaliste est souvent présenté comme une aventure exaltante permettant d’éviter la banalité du quotidien, il n’est pas à l’abri de la division aliénante du travail, de l’automatisation et de l’exploitation du travail non payé.

Georg Lukács beschreibt in Die Verdinglichung und das Proletariat die Zerlegung des Menschen in quantifizierte und rationalisierbare Teileigenschaften auf eine Art, die auf irritierende Weise eine Wirklichkeit vorwegnimmt, die rund 90... more

Georg Lukács beschreibt in Die Verdinglichung und das Proletariat die Zerlegung des Menschen in quantifizierte und rationalisierbare Teileigenschaften auf eine Art, die auf irritierende Weise eine Wirklichkeit vorwegnimmt, die rund 90 Jahre nach dem Erscheinen des Aufsatzes Gegenwart ist. Die Zerlegung der menschlichen Persönlichkeit in Teilaspekte, ihre Kalkulation, die der Suche nach ihren Funktionsgesetzen dient und letztlich auf die Rationalisierung ihrer Abläufe zielt, all diese Aspekte eines Quantified Self (QS) scheinen heute mittels Lifelogging-Technologien und -Praktiken realisiert. Es mag erstaunen, ihre treffende Beschreibung in einem alten und vermeintlich veralteten Text zu finden:

Special Topics in British and American Literature

For much of the second half of 20th century, student political activism occupied a special place in the history of many countries and Singapore is no exception. Driven by their youthful energy, idealism and romanticism before they were... more

For much of the second half of 20th century, student political activism occupied a special place in the history of many countries and Singapore is no exception. Driven by their youthful energy, idealism and romanticism before they were tied down by the heavy burdens of family, career and property ownership, students of Singapore had also once surged to the forefront of national politics, exerted an influence out of proportion to their numbers and become a force to be reckoned with. Although student politics is an important part of the history of Singapore, the understanding of this topic has been much shackled and its positioning ambiguous. Under the influence of the Cold War rhetoric and with an eagerness to inscribe a victor’s version of events, the ruling People’s Action Party has scripted a national history which simplified the student community into the polarized binary of those who received education under the Chinese medium of instruction and those who learnt in English. The rigidity of this official articulation has led to the tendency of apportioning much greater attention to student activism associated with the former group, while sidelining parallel developments in the latter and largely ignoring the inter-connectivity between these two groups. It has also framed Chinese educated activists as being the natural agents of Communism. In recent years, this official paradigm has come under contestation by historical political memories, reinterpretation of sources, and emergence of alternative representations through popular culture. This revisionism exposes the disjuncture between the party’s current attempt to entice present-day students out of their deeply-seated political apathy and its omission to reconsider the nature and contribution of past student politics. It also opens up unprecedented space for reflections about civic culture and political maturity in Singapore today.

At first glance, the protagonist of the play has none of the characteristics of a vagabond. However, subjected to a more thorough analysis, he proves to be endowed with many features typical of a wanderer, such as alienation, unrest,... more

At first glance, the protagonist of the play has none of the characteristics of a vagabond. However, subjected to a more thorough analysis, he proves to be endowed with many features typical of a wanderer, such as alienation, unrest, loneliness, social isolation and individualism. In the text he is described as a man who is « in the search for himself, » his exile is, first and foremost, a metaphysical search for his own « self » and for the meaning of life. He is also a character undergoing a metamorphosis – from a lecher he becomes a saint. The shift seems to come as a consequence of being an exile from his own country. This exile, however, in its literal dimension, becomes too heavy a burden for him, and, be rid of the burden, he chooses to die a martyr. This article presents the evolution of the personality and the shift in the social standing of the character, as well as the reasons for, and consequence of, his exile.

A análise de obras de Marx, desde os Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos de 1844 até cartas escritas no início dos anos de 1880, demonstra mudanças e continuidades na formação teórica e política desse pensador. Essa dinâmica, por sua vez,... more

A análise de obras de Marx, desde os Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos de 1844 até cartas escritas no início dos anos de 1880, demonstra mudanças e continuidades na formação teórica e política desse pensador. Essa dinâmica, por sua vez, também se revela na apresentação que Marx fez em relação ao comunismo. Este artigo apresenta elementos chaves da visão de Marx sobre o comunismo, examina as suas nuances e a sua coerência teórica interna e se refere a aspectos da relevância atual dessa concepção marxiana de organização social. (The analysis of Marx's works, from the Economic-Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 to letters written in the early 1880s, shows changes and continuities in the theoretical and political formation of this thinker. This dynamic, in its turn, appears also in the presentation that Marx about the communism. This article presents some key elements of Marx's communism view, examines its nuances and its internal theoretical coherence and refers to aspects of the current relevance of this Marxian conception of social organization).

In what follows, we are concerned to present the main features of socialism, both as a critique of capitalism, and as a proposal for its replacement. Our focus is predominantly on literature written within a philosophical idiom, focusing... more

In what follows, we are concerned to present the main features of socialism, both as a critique of capitalism, and as a proposal for its replacement. Our focus is predominantly on literature written within a philosophical idiom, focusing in particular on philosophical writing on socialism produced during the past forty-or-so years. Furthermore, our discussion concentrates on the normative contrast between socialism and capitalism as economic systems. Both socialism and capitalism grant workers legal control of their labor power, but socialism, unlike capitalism, requires that the bulk of the means of production workers use to yield goods and services be under the effective control of workers themselves, rather than in the hands of the members of a different, capitalist class under whose direction they must toil. As we will explain below, this contrast has been articulated further in different ways, and socialists have not only made distinctive claims regarding economic organization but also regarding the processes of transformation fulfilling them and the principles and ideals orienting their justification (including, as we will see, certain understandings of freedom, equality, solidarity, and democracy).

Das Ideal individueller Authentizität von Personen ist ein ebenso verbreitetes wie umstrittenes Ideal in modernen, liberalen Gesellschaften. Wertgeschätzt wird in Bezug auf die Authentizität von Personen die Idee einer authentischen... more

Das Ideal individueller Authentizität von Personen ist ein ebenso verbreitetes wie umstrittenes Ideal in modernen, liberalen Gesellschaften. Wertgeschätzt wird in Bezug auf die Authentizität von Personen die Idee einer authentischen Selbst-Entsprechung: etwas oder jemand gilt als authentisch durch Selbstübereinstimmung, dadurch ‚wirklich so zu sein', ohne Verstellung, ohne Beeinflussung von auβen. Es geht darum, sich selbst treu zu sein und zu bleiben. Verteidigt wird das Ideal der Authentizität im Sinne einer Selbst-Verteidigung gegen Erfahrungen der Entfremdung und als ein verantwortliches Selbstverhältnis im Prozess einer fortgesetzten Authentifizierung gegenüber sich selbst und anderen.

Resumo: Buscou-se analisar, de forma breve, elementos históricos, teóricos e políticos que consubstanciaram o trânsito da relação entre Karl Marx e a economia política. Para tanto, destacou-se a relação dos sentidos das categorias de... more

Resumo: Buscou-se analisar, de forma breve, elementos históricos, teóricos e políticos que consubstanciaram o trânsito da relação entre Karl Marx e a economia política. Para tanto, destacou-se a relação dos sentidos das categorias de trabalho abstrato e de força de trabalho com o evolver dessa dinâmica, demarcado por três momentos centrais: uma crítica de teor filosófico e moral; a aceitação da teoria ricardiana dos salários; e uma assimilação crítica, propulsora de uma análise econômica inovadora. Palavras-chave: Karl Marx. Economia política. Força de trabalho. Trabalho abstrato. (Abstract: We tried to analyze historical, theoretical and political elements that composed the transit of the relationship between Karl Marx and political economy. To do that, the relationship between the meanings of the categories of abstract work and the labour power was highlighted with the evolution of this dynamic, marked by three central moments: a critique with philosophical and moral content; the acceptance of the Ricardian theory of wages; and a critical assimilation, propelling an innovative economic analysis. Keywords: Karl Marx. Political economy. Labour power. Abstract work.)

Words Underway offers the first full account of the important contributions the Continental tradition has made to the philosophy of language. The book examines the vital work of a range of thinkers, including Heidegger, Gadamer, Blanchot,... more

Words Underway offers the first full account of the important contributions the Continental tradition has made to the philosophy of language. The book examines the vital work of a range of thinkers, including Heidegger, Gadamer, Blanchot, and Kristeva. In it, I argue that Continental theorists are particularly helpful in recognizing our unique potential for becoming alienated from some discourse. At the same time, I argue that Continental philosophy of language tends not to treat the alienated relationship to language as something absolute. For most Continental theorists, at least, language is a living system, that is, a system maintained by undergoing constant expansion and transformation by language users. The book goes on to explore the attention Continental theorists have given to the way that forms of political power, for example gender dynamics in communication, can sometimes thwart this process and thus reinforce alienation. This book will transform the reader’s sense of what the philosophy of language is about and will attract the attention of students and scholars of both philosophy of language and the Continental tradition.