Comparative Economics Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

► We empirically analyze institutional determinants of military spending. ► We draw on an international database including 157 countries for the period 1988–2006. ► Democracies have lower percentages of military expenditure than... more

► We empirically analyze institutional determinants of military spending. ► We draw on an international database including 157 countries for the period 1988–2006. ► Democracies have lower percentages of military expenditure than autocracies. ► Presidential systems and majoritarian voting rules favor military spending.

This paper traces the evolution of planning procedures in India, from the wartime controls to the system of centralized command-type planning which was extended to the private sector through industrial licensing. It was found that... more

This paper traces the evolution of planning procedures in India, from the wartime controls to the system of centralized command-type planning which was extended to the private sector through industrial licensing. It was found that although the planners and policymakers in India initially understood the need for the use of a variety of instruments and controls for indicative-type planning in a mixed economy, there has always been a mismatch between planning intentions and the use of instruments in their more appropriate form. A quantitative evaluation of planned performance over the seven Five Year Plans has also been provided.

... Please update your bookmarks. Ethics, efficiency and the market:, Totowa: Rowman & Allenheld, 1985. xi + 135 pp., index. $10.95. Alberto Chilosi (). Journal of Comparative Economics, 1988, vol. 12, issue 1, pages 108-110. Date:... more

... Please update your bookmarks. Ethics, efficiency and the market:, Totowa: Rowman & Allenheld, 1985. xi + 135 pp., index. $10.95. Alberto Chilosi (). Journal of Comparative Economics, 1988, vol. 12, issue 1, pages 108-110. Date: 1988. ...

The Islamic economic system is a theoretical construct of an industrial economy whose members follow the Islamic faith. This essay surveys the elements of such a system, as presented in a series of recent books on Islamic economics.... more

The Islamic economic system is a theoretical construct of an industrial economy whose members follow the Islamic faith. This essay surveys the elements of such a system, as presented in a series of recent books on Islamic economics. Particular attention is paid to the injunction against interest payments and to the requirement of paying a wealth tax with regard to aggregate saving.

Outline o CSR as creation of new institution o Corporate Social responsibility: internal and external aspects o Ethical issues Corporate Social Responsibility as an Institutional Innovation o Institutional economics had, for a long... more

Outline
o CSR as creation of new institution
o Corporate Social responsibility: internal and external aspects
o Ethical issues
Corporate Social Responsibility as an Institutional Innovation
o Institutional economics had, for a long time, focused on the analysis of a stable institutional framework, and on the actors adaptation to this framework.
o It presented economic actors as embedded in the institutional network, who consider this framework as given.
o In the past few decades, however, started to shift the focus of institutional analysis and look at the other side of the coin.
o They emphasize how actors influence institutions and that they may create new institutions.
o Corporate Social Responsibility is a typical case of institutional innovation

Three themes dominate the writings of researchers investigating creativity and innovation among work teams. The first is the importance of the group task and the demands and opportunities it creates for creativity and innovation. The... more

Three themes dominate the writings of researchers investigating creativity and innovation among work teams. The first is the importance of the group task and the demands and opportunities it creates for creativity and innovation. The second is the theme of diversity in knowledge and skills among team members, which researchers suggest is related to both team creativity and innovation. And the third is the theme of team integration—when team members work in integrated ways to capitalise on their diverse knowledge and skills, ...

This article reviews an English translation of "First Principles of Islamic Economics" (Leicester: Islamic Foundation, 2011) by Maulana Sayyid Abu’l A‘la Maududi (1903–1979), a foundational document of the field, that was published in... more

This article reviews an English translation of "First Principles of Islamic Economics" (Leicester: Islamic Foundation, 2011) by Maulana Sayyid Abu’l A‘la Maududi (1903–1979), a foundational document of the field, that was published in Urdu in 1969. After a brief Introduction the selections in this book are arranged in two parts: Islam’s philosophy (or system, the words are used interchangeably) of economic life, and the application of this philosophy to some specific economic issues. The article reviews the text, and provides a brief guide to the semantic minefield that readers of translated texts on Islamic economics must traverse.

This article explores the four sources of (scientific) knowledge: perception, inference, reference and comparison. In Western literature on the nature, criterion, scope and kinds of knowledge the importance of comparing, said to be the... more

This article explores the four sources of (scientific) knowledge: perception, inference, reference and comparison. In Western literature on the nature, criterion, scope and kinds of knowledge the importance of comparing, said to be the core of cognition, has been somewhat neglected, which is remarkable because no research (and certainly no country research) can be conducted without drawing comparisons, without taking two, or more than two, objects, individuals or entities and examining in what respect(s) they are similar and in what respect(s) they are different. Whoever decides to engage in comparative country research has to decide on (a) the kind of objects to investigate, (b) the respect in which to conduct the investigation, and (c) the research method to follow. In brief, important decisions have to be made, decisions that will determine the structure and accessibility of the research outcome. After reference to the problem vividly described by the old, Indian parable of the ‘the blind men and the elephant’, a clue is taken from Nietzsche’s perspectivism.

Markets are key contemporary institutions, yet there is little agreement concerning their history or diversity. To complicate matters, markets have been considered by different academic disciplines that approach the nature of such... more

Markets are key contemporary institutions, yet there is little agreement concerning their history or diversity. To complicate matters, markets have been considered by different academic disciplines that approach the nature of such exchange systems from diametrically opposed perspectives that impede cross-disciplinary dialogue. This paper reviews the theoretical and methodological issues surrounding the detection, development, and significance of markets in the preindustrial past. We challenge both the view that marketing is natural and the perspective that market exchange is unique to modern capitalist contexts. Both of these frameworks fail to recognize that past and present market activities are embedded in their larger societal contexts, albeit in different ways that can be understood only if examined through a broadly shared theoretical lens.We examine the origins, change, and diversity of preindustrial markets, calling for multiscalar, cross-disciplinary approaches to investigate the long-term history of this economic institution.

This paper is on Reciprocal Equations.

From the historical background of economic thought, it is known from the context of ethics that its main economic views have emerged but later, the economy lost its original ideology. There is no excuse for demonstrating whether moral... more

From the historical background of economic thought, it is known from the context of ethics that its main economic views have emerged but later, the economy lost its original ideology. There is no excuse for demonstrating whether moral values are desired in relation to human needs and wants. In the eighteenth century , there was an excellent relationship between financial structure, economic analysis, and moral values. Where socialism comes from the state is provided knowledge for all economic problems, capitalism finds out from the basis of the free-market system. In capitalism through unbridled competition, the rich are becoming wealthy making the poor poorer by exploiting. On the other side, as Islamic economic system has scheduled and appointment sources of knowledge, it is not dependent on the Islamic society, state even people. Islamic economics is a study of understanding consumer behaviour to satisfy needs from the abundant resources that deals to generate maximize the profit of self and society for the welfare of both worlds. In reality, the combination of economic values with the social and moral values that is the most critical challenge to Islamic economists. Because of most of the third world Muslim countries, in their development and modernization process, they are facing many economic problems and conflicts. Nevertheless, the research tries to show that Islamic economy can be replaced of existing economic system because of their morality vandalized activities especially the exploitation of human being. The explicative and analytic processes were followed in the formulation of this article. In addition, the comparative methodology was equally applied in distinctive cases.

Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology vol. 27-A (2009): 137-204.

The study assesses the role of globalization-fuelled regionalization policies on financial allocation efficiency in four economic and monetary regions in Africa for the period 1980 to 2008. Banking system and financial system efficiency... more

The study assesses the role of globalization-fuelled regionalization policies on financial allocation efficiency in four economic and monetary regions in Africa for the period 1980 to 2008. Banking system and financial system efficiency proxies are used as dependent variables whereas seven bundled and unbundled globalization variables are employed as independent indicators. The bundling exercise is achieved by means of principal component analysis while the empirical evidence is based on interactive Fixed Effects regressions. The following findings are established. First, financial allocation efficiency is more sensitive to financial openness compared to trade openness and most sensitive to globalization. The relationship between allocation efficiency and globalization-fuelled regionalization policies is: (i) Kuznets or inverted U-shape in the UEMOA and CEMAC zones (evidence of decreasing returns to allocation efficiency from globalization-fuelled regionalization) and (ii) U-shape overwhelmingly in the COMESA and scantily in the EAC (increasing returns to allocation efficiency from globalization-fuelled regionalization). Established shapes are relevant to specific globalization dynamics within regions. Economic and monetary regions are more prone to surplus liquidity than purely economic regions. Policy implications and measures of fighting surplus liquidity are discussed.

Entry in Peter J. Boettke (ed.), The Elgar Companion to Austrian Economics (Edward Elgar, 1994.