Intrinsic motivation Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

According to researches, motivation that initiates and sustains behaviour is one of the most significant components of learning in any environment. Accordingly, level of intrinsic motivation triggers and sustains the interest of the open... more

According to researches, motivation that initiates and sustains behaviour is one of the most significant components of learning in any environment. Accordingly, level of intrinsic motivation triggers and sustains the interest of the open and distance education students when it comes to learning on their own in e‐learning environments. Despite a comprehensive literature regarding the motivation of those learning in traditional learning environments, the number of studies addressing the motivation of open and distance education students in e‐learning environments is not sufficient. In this context, this study aims at determining the level of intrinsic motivation of open and distance education students. Thus, data were collected from 1,639 distance education students in 22 programmes, through Intrinsic Motivation in e‐Learning Questionnaire developed and validated to that end. Analyses carried out indicate that the level of intrinsic motivation of open and distance education students is high in e‐learning environments, but there is not a statistically significant difference by gender, programme structure (graduate/undergraduate), instruction type (distance–blended), and academic disciplines.

The simple response would include that an ‘authentic education’ is designed to guide students to unfold their authentic selves, which would at least include: (a) investigating the curriculum that was designed for them, (b) learning how to... more

The simple response would include that an ‘authentic education’ is designed to guide students to unfold their authentic selves, which would at least include: (a) investigating the curriculum that was designed for them, (b) learning how to perform a number of feats (skillsets) equal to the average requirement to survive planetary conditions (social, fiscal, and environmental) on one’s own, and (c) receiving a clear understanding of the actual state of the planet being inherited upon reaching adulthood. And that ‘hope’ is not activism.

A new measure of motivation toward education has been developed in French, namely the Echelle de Motivation en Education (EME). The EME is based on the tenets of self-determination theory and is composed of 28 items subdivided into seven... more

A new measure of motivation toward education has been developed in French, namely the Echelle de Motivation en Education (EME). The EME is based on the tenets of self-determination theory and is composed of 28 items subdivided into seven sub-scales assessing three types of intrinsic motivation (intrinsic motivation to know, to accomplish things, and to experience stimulation), three types of extrinsic motivation (external, introjected, and identified regulation), and a motivation. The purpose of this investigation was to cross-culturally validate in English the EME. The EME was translated in English through appropriate methodological procedures and completed by university students. Results revealed that the English version of the scale renamed the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), has satisfactory levels of internal consistency (mean alpha value = .81) and temporal stability over a one-month period (mean test-retest correlation = .79). In addition, results of a confirmatory factor an...

This study examined how gender and perceptions of parenting related to adolescent motivation during free-time. The sample consisted of 377 ninth- graders from high schools in eastern Massachusetts. Signifi cant gender differences were... more

This study examined how gender and perceptions of parenting related to adolescent motivation during free-time. The sample consisted of 377 ninth- graders from high schools in eastern Massachusetts. Signifi cant gender differences were found for rules enacted, with females reporting more rules in place than males. When examining the relationship between parenting practices and motivation, differences were observed in motivation states based on the provision of specifi c parent practices by gender. Intrinsic motivation was higher for boys when they reported parents enacting more rules, while more rules undermined girls' intrinsic motivation. External motivation was lower for girls when they reported more parental involvement, while boys were unaffected by this variable. Regardless of gender, amotivation was higher when youth reported parents providing low resource support and few rules. The discussion focuses on how boys and girls respond differently to specifi c parenting practi...

The paper presents an empirical model of acceptance of mobile phones by elderly people. It is based on an extension of the widely used TAM-Technology Acceptance Model and aims specifically at investigating the relationship among intrinsic... more

The paper presents an empirical model of acceptance of mobile phones by elderly people. It is based on an extension of the widely used TAM-Technology Acceptance Model and aims specifically at investigating the relationship among intrinsic and extrinsic motivations to use. The data consists of 740 questionnaires from people over 65 years old. The validated model shows that intrinsic motivations play an important role albeit always mediated by utilitarian motives. Similarly, it emerges a strong influence of the reference social group (children and relatives) in increasing the utilitarian values of the use of mobile phones. These findings suggest that mobile phone usage by elderly might not be, after all, too much different, from a motivational point of view, from that of younger or adult people.

Motivation is one of the major aspects in sport psychology for both physical education and sport. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between intrinsic motivation and task and ego ori- entation in athletes of... more

Motivation is one of the major aspects in sport psychology for both physical education and sport. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between intrinsic motivation and task and ego ori- entation in athletes of climbing to estimate the factors that affects in the configuration of level of intrinsic motivation and the objects that determine the behavior of athletes. The sample was consisted of 100 athletes of climbing (71 men and 29 women), age 18 to 32 years, (M = 25.9), which had mean of weekly training 3,55 times/week and mean of degree of difficulty "7+". Participants completed the questionnaire of intrinsic mo- tivation (McAuley, Duncan & Tammen, 1989) and the questionnaire of task and ego orientation in sport (Duda & Nicholls, 1992). The results showed that exist significant differences in intrinsic motivation, de- pending on sex, experience and level of athletes. Also was found statistically significant cross-correlation between competence, ten...

Although exit is a central part of the entrepreneurial process, most of the entrepreneurship literature has focused on the entry and growth phases of a business. Our research examines the extent to which the entrepreneur’s personal... more

Although exit is a central part of the entrepreneurial process, most of the entrepreneurship literature has focused on the entry and growth phases of a business. Our research examines the extent to which the entrepreneur’s personal motivations and venture development processes impact exit strategies. Specifically we examine the link between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and causation and effectuation processes and

Children seem to acquire new know-how in a continuous and open-ended manner. In this paper, we hypothesize that an intrinsic motivation to progress in learning is at the origins of the remarkable structure of children's developmental... more

Children seem to acquire new know-how in a continuous and open-ended manner. In this paper, we hypothesize that an intrinsic motivation to progress in learning is at the origins of the remarkable structure of children's developmental trajectories. In this view, children engage in exploratory and playful activities for their own sake, not as steps toward other extrinsic goals. The central hypothesis of this paper is that intrinsically motivating activities correspond to expected decrease in prediction error. This motivation system pushes the infant to avoid both predictable and unpredictable situations in order to focus on the ones that are expected to maximize progress in learning. Based on a computational model and a series of robotic experiments, we show how this principle can lead to organized sequences of behavior of increasing complexity characteristic of several behavioral and developmental patterns observed in humans. We then discuss the putative circuitry underlying such an intrinsic motivation system in the brain and formulate two novel hypotheses. The first one is that tonic dopamine acts as a learning progress signal. The second is that this progress signal is directly computed through a hierarchy of microcortical circuits that act both as prediction and metaprediction systems.

There are many studies related to gender differences in students’ science related affective characteristics in science education literature. However, there are few studies related to students’ physics related affective characteristics.... more

There are many studies related to gender differences in students’ science related affective characteristics in science education literature. However, there are few studies related to students’ physics related affective characteristics. The purpose of this study is to find out gender differences in freshmen’s selected affective characteristics related to physics, and to determine the best-fitting structural equation models for males’ and females’ physics related affective characteristics. The affective characteristics selected for this study are: interest in physics courses in general, interest in the freshmen physics course, importance of the physics courses in general, importance of the freshmen physics course, aspiring extra activities related to physics, student motivation in physics, achievement motivation in physics, physics test anxiety, physics course anxiety, physics self-concept and physics self-efficacy. The researchers developed the Affective Characteristics Scale, which consisted of 54 items related to 12 selected affective characteristics. The items were scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Sample of the study consists of 433 female and 435 male students in three state universities in Ankara. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to determine the effect of gender on freshmen’s physics related affective characteristics. Significant differences were found among gender groups on the dependent measures in favor of male students. Analyses of variances (ANOVA) on each dependent variable were conducted as follow-up tests to MANOVA. Best-fitting structural equation models of the affective characteristics for female and male freshmen were determined.

Certain types of athletic involvement may confer risk for substance use by college students. This study investigated whether motivational factors play a role in the relationship between athletic involvement and substance use.... more

Certain types of athletic involvement may confer risk for substance use by college students. This study investigated whether motivational factors play a role in the relationship between athletic involvement and substance use. Intercollegiate athletes (n=98) and exercisers (n=120) were surveyed about substance use and motivation for athletic involvement. Athletes and exercisers who were extrinsically motivated had significantly higher rates of alcohol use than their intrinsically motivated counterparts. Results suggest that college students who are extrinsically motivated for involvement in physical activity/athletics--particularly those involved in team sports--may be in need of targeted prevention efforts.

The old adage goes, “If you can find a career doing something you love and get paid for it, you’ve got it made.” On the surface this may sound all good and a sound strategy, but based on research focusing on intrinsic and extrinsic... more

The old adage goes, “If you can find a career doing something you love and get paid for it, you’ve got it made.” On the surface this may sound all good and a sound strategy, but based on research focusing on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, this in not often the case. Intrinsic motivation is the internally rooted positive draw that one feels towards performing an activity, often expressed by the joy of the experience during the activity or the satisfaction that one feels after the activity is completed. In contrast, offering external rewards, often in the form of money, which influences the actor to perform and complete an activity, produces extrinsic motivation. Beyond simple monetary rewards, other forms of external rewards that develop extrinsic motivation may include positive reinforcement and social approval (Deci, 1971).

This investigation examined the effects of providing choices among homework assignments on motivation and subsequent academic performance. Students were randomly assigned within classrooms either to receive a choice of homework options or... more

This investigation examined the effects of providing choices among homework assignments on motivation and subsequent academic performance. Students were randomly assigned within classrooms either to receive a choice of homework options or to be assigned an option for all homework in one instructional unit. Conditions were reversed for a second instructional unit. Results revealed that when students received a choice