Low Power Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Fruit thinning has been practised for thousand of years, and serves a number of purposes. Too many fruits per tree can result in small fruit size and poor quality, breakage of limbs, exhaustion of tree reserves, and can also partially o... more

Fruit thinning has been practised for thousand of years, and serves a number of purposes. Too many fruits per tree can result in small fruit size and poor quality, breakage of limbs, exhaustion of tree reserves, and can also partially o completely inhibit bud initiation. Hand thinning of the peaches is the most common thinning practice adopted, but it is

Abstract: Specification of a concurrent system using CAOS (Concurrent Action Oriented Specifications)(CAOS) as illustrated by Bluespec Inc.'s Bluespec System Verilog provides a high abstraction level, effective concurrency management... more

Abstract: Specification of a concurrent system using CAOS (Concurrent Action Oriented Specifications)(CAOS) as illustrated by Bluespec Inc.'s Bluespec System Verilog provides a high abstraction level, effective concurrency management through atomicity, and powerful compilation to efficient RTL hardware. In this paper, we present two algorithms that make CAOS to RTL synthesis power-aware and produce RTL that can be synthesized into hardware competitive in terms of power/area/slack trade-off against the well-known ...

We propose a design flow for low-power and low-cost, data-dominated, embedded systems which tightly integrate different technologies and architectures. We use Math- works’ Simulink c environment,for functional specification and analysis... more

We propose a design flow for low-power and low-cost, data-dominated, embedded systems which tightly integrate different technologies and architectures. We use Math- works’ Simulink c environment,for functional specification and analysis of performance,criteria such as timing (latency and throughput) and power,dissipation. The flow can exploit trade-offs between,software and hardware,as well as between digital and analog implemen- tations, and it can

A wireless network consisting of large number of small sensors with low-power transceivers. These devices rely on battery power so that; improvement in the energy of these networks becomes important. Wireless sensor network (WSN) require... more

A wireless network consisting of large number of small sensors with low-power transceivers. These devices rely on battery power so that; improvement in the energy of these networks becomes important. Wireless sensor network (WSN) require various power management protocols to reduce the power consumption. In this paper we study that different number of clustering algorithm leads to different network performance on the energy balancing, energy consumption and network lifetime. We propose a Multi-hop Hierarchical Stable Election Protocol (MHSEP) for wireless sensor networks to enhance the network lifetime and avoid the formation of energy holes. Classical clustering protocols assume that all the nodes in a system are equipped with the equal amount of energy and as a result, network cannot take full advantage of the presence of node heterogeneity in system. Our proposed protocol is a heterogeneous-aware protocol to increase the time-interval before the death of first node (we refer to a...

Abstract-Low voltage CMOS circuits, operating in current mode, that exhibit piecewise transfer characteristics are presented. These circuits can be used for the synthesis of arbitrary piecewise transfer functions. Several circuits were... more

Abstract-Low voltage CMOS circuits, operating in current mode, that exhibit piecewise transfer characteristics are presented. These circuits can be used for the synthesis of arbitrary piecewise transfer functions. Several circuits were developed. Nonlinear functions were synthesized with several approaches and results were compared using the Monte Carlo simulation of PSPICE software. The best results were obtained with double break point circuits. These circuits can be supplied with less than 1V.

The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) is a new technology for creating visual images. It was developed at the Human Interface Technology Laboratory (HIT Lab) by Dr. Thomas A. Furness III. The VRD creates images by scanning low power laser... more

The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) is a new technology for creating visual images. It was developed at the Human Interface Technology Laboratory (HIT Lab) by Dr. Thomas A. Furness III. The VRD creates images by scanning low power laser light directly onto the retina. This special method results in images that are bright, high contrast and high resolution. In this paper, we describe how the VRD functions, the special consequences of its mechanism of action and potential medical applications of the VRD, including surgical displays and displays for people with low vision. A description of its safety analysis will also be included. In one set of tests we had a number of patients with partial loss of vision view images with the VRD. There were two groups of subjects: patients with macular degeneration, a degenerative disease of the retina and patients with keratoconus. Typical VRD images are on the order of 300 nanowatts. VRD images are also readily viewed superimposed on ambient room lig...

The recent advances in miniaturization and the creation of low-power circuits, combined with small-sized batteries have made the development of wireless sensor networks a working reality. Lately, the production of cheap complementary... more

The recent advances in miniaturization and the creation of low-power circuits, combined with small-sized batteries have made the development of wireless sensor networks a working reality. Lately, the production of cheap complementary metal-oxide semiconductor cameras and microphones, which are able to capture rich multimedia content, gave birth to what is called Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs). WMSNs will boost the capabilities of current wireless sensor networks, and will fuel several novel applications, like multimedia surveillance sensor networks. WMSNs introduce several new research challenges, mainly related to mechanisms to deliver application-level Quality-of-Service (e.g., latency minimization). To address this goal in an environment with extreme resource constraints, with variable channel capacity and with requirements for multimedia in-network processing, the caching of multimedia data, exploiting the cooperation among sensor nodes is vital. This article presents a cooperative caching solution particularly suitable for WMSNs. The proposed caching solution exploits sensor nodes which reside in “positions” of the network that allow them to forward packets or communicate decisions within short latency. These so-called “mediator” nodes are selected dynamically, so as to avoid the creation of hot-spots in the communication and the depletion of their energy. The mediators are not more powerful than the rest of the nodes, but they have some special role in implementing the cooperation among the sensors. The proposed cooperative caching protocol includes components for locating cached data as well as for implementing data purging out of the sensor caches. The proposed solution is evaluated extensively in an advanced simulation environment, and it is compared to the state-of-the-art cooperative caching algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks. The results confirm that the proposed caching mechanism prevails over its competitor.

In vivo monitoring of human knee implants after total arthroplasty increases the knowledge about articular motion and loading conditions. The proposed autonomous sensor executes autonomously force measurements into a protected environment... more

In vivo monitoring of human knee implants after total arthroplasty increases the knowledge about articular motion and loading conditions. The proposed autonomous sensor executes autonomously force measurements into a protected environment and wirelessly transmits data directly from the inside of the implant to an external readout unit. The forces transmitted across the knee joint during normal human activities such as

Vehicle detectors provide essential information about parking occupancy and traffic flow. To cover large areas that lack a suitable electrical infrastructure, wired sensors networks are impractical because of their high deployment and... more

Vehicle detectors provide essential information about parking occupancy and traffic flow. To cover large areas that lack a suitable electrical infrastructure, wired sensors networks are impractical because of their high deployment and maintenance costs. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with autonomous sensor nodes can be more economical. Vehicle detectors intended for a WSN should be small, sturdy, low power, cost-effective, and easy to install and maintain. Currently available vehicle detectors based on inductive loops, ultrasound, infrared, or magnetic sensors do not fulfill the requirements above, which has led to the search for alternative solutions. This paper presents a vehicle detector which includes a magnetic and an optical sensor and is intended as sensor node for use with a WSN. Magnetic sensors based on magnetoresistors are very sensitive and can detect the magnetic anomaly in the Earth's magnetic field that results from the presence of a car, but their continuous operation would drain more than 1.5 mA at 3 V, hence limiting the autonomy of a battery-supplied sensor node. Passive, low-power optical sensors can detect the shadow cast by car that covers them, but are prone to false detections. The use of optical triggering to wake-up a magnetic sensor, combined with power-efficient event-based software, yields a simple, compact, reliable, low-power sensor node for vehicle detection whose quiescent current drain is 5.5 μA. This approach of using a low-power sensor to trigger a second more specific sensor can be applied to other autonomous sensor nodes.