Maccabean Martyrs Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Summary: In the present note, I outline some reasons why I find attempts to view/interpret the book of Daniel as a 2nd cent. composition unsatisfactory. Key words: Daniel, Maccabean, date, composition, critical, evangelical. Date:... more

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- Hebrew Bible, Old Testament Prophecy, Old Testament, Jewish - Christian Relations

Wstęp i komentarz do 1 i 2 Księgi Machabejskiej. PUBLIKACJA: Wprowadzenie do Ksiąg Machabejskich, w: Księgi Ludu Bożego Starego Przymierza: Pięcioksiąg – Prorocy – Pisma (Pismo Święte Starego Testamentu, t.XII-3), red. J. Łach, Poznań:... more

- by Marcin Majewski
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- Maccabean Martyrs, 1 Maccabees; 2 Maccabees; Daniel, Maccabee Revolt
- by Dan Joslyn-Siemiatkoski
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- Midrash, Martyrdom, Maccabean Martyrs, Jewish Martyrdom

The purpose of this article is to investigate the intersections between old age, masculinity, and martyrdom in late antiquity, and it will focus specifically on John Chrysostom's homilies on the Maccabean martyrs (CPG 4441.13; 4354). After an introduction that provides a literature review and a note on the approach followed, the article begins by examining how old age, virtue, and authority function in Chrysostom's thought. Thereafter, a brief discussion follows on the problem of the Maccabean martyrs as being part of the old covenant/Testament. It is argued in this case that there is a direct correlation between Chrysostom's use of old age in the homilies and the status of the martyrs as being part of the old covenant. Finally, the article considers the dynamics between old age, martyrdom, and masculinity in the homilies. Here it is argued that Chrysostom uses the rhetoric of spiritual athletics and spiritual fertility to present the elderly martyrs as exempla of masculinity, which should not only be admired by Chrysostom's audience, but also imitated. The Maccabean martyrs are recast by Chrysostom in a pedagogical light, and their narratives serve the promotion of a new Christian masculinity in which ascetic practice, especially moderate ascetic practice, serves as its defining feature.

- by Chris De Wet
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- Gender Studies, Patristics, History of Medicine, Early Christianity

Edited by Richard Flower and Morwenna Ludlow.

- by Gert J. Steyn
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- The Letter to the Hebrews, Epistle to the Hebrews, 1 Maccabees, Maccabean Martyrs
- by Łukasz Niesiołowski-Spanò
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- Hellenistic Judaism, Maccabean Martyrs, Antiochus, Ancient Palestine
- by Jens Kreinath
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- Reception Studies, History of Christianity, Early Christianity, Martyrdom
- by Catherine Saliou
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- Urban History, Early Christianity, Maccabean Martyrs, Churches

This paper aims to focus about differences in the use of biblical figure of Maccabees presented by chroniclers of “first crusade”. In particular, the analysis of Liber of Raymond of Aguilers, Historia Hierosolymitana of Fulcher of Chartres, and Dei Gesta per Francos of Guibert of Nogent allow an evaluation of devices of biblical tipology in the early twelfth century. The events of the “first crusade” (1095-1099) lead to a rethinking of Maccabees and their struggle against enemies of their people, suggesting medieval chroniclers to drew relationships between contemporaries crusaders and ancient Jewish warriors. Briefly, our analysis underscore the high flexibility and creativity of biblical exegesis to understanding the present.

- by Luigi Russo
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- Crusades, History of Crusades, Martyrdom, Biblical Medieval Exegesis
- by Tessa Rajak
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- Christianity, Ancient History, Classics, Hellenistic Literature
- by Tessa Rajak
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- Ancient History, Classics, Hellenistic Literature, Jewish Studies

This brief essay will discuss ancient anti-Semitism, the mental state of Antiochus IV Epiphanies, the spread of Hellenism by both Greek and Jew, financial pressures, and the religious zeal of the Hasmonean dynasty in relation to the Maccabean Revolt. It is likely that all the above reasons played a role and it is the intention of this essay to show that this clash was more than a conflict between the religions of ancient Greece and Israel.

- by Clinton Briar
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- Ancient History, Jewish Studies, Anti-Semitism, Judaism
- by Tessa Rajak
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- Ancient History, Classical Archaeology, Classics, Hellenistic Literature

Symbolic opposition to a dominant culture, associated with remembered
times of crisis, can be an obvious part of the way in which a minority
culture constructs and maintains its identity. 4 Maccabees uses the events
of persecution and martyrdom that occurred during the Hellenization
crisis in the Jewish homeland from 175-164 BCE as a setting for the
articulation of cultural and religious self-definition and the symbolic
resistance against Roman and cultural imperialism. The author affirms
and demonstrates that devotion to the One God and observance of the
ancestral laws can never and need never be compromised. As the
audience (Diaspora Judaism) is surrounded by the values, ideas and
practices of the dominant Hellenistic culture and Roman imperial power –
a situation that can easily lead to dissonance and tension – the author
urges them to follow the example of the martyrs and remain steadfast in
their adherence to the Jewish way of life. Exhibiting an advanced degree
of Hellenization himself, the author nevertheless counterbalances this
with a vehement and non-negotiable defence of Torah-observance which
he considers on a par with, if not exceeding, Hellenistic ethical teaching
toward the perfection of the virtues. This article firstly demonstrates how
the dialectic of assimilation and religious separatism is at work in the
author’s utilisation of the dominant culture’s framework of popular moral
philosophy and its context of the arena. These two tools assist the author
in speaking credibly and persuasively about the superiority of devout
reason as an agency for the control of the passions, especially the passion
of excruciating bodily pain. Secondly, this article looks at how in a
remarkable absence of cultural antagonism the martyr-mother’s gender is
constructed in accordance with the standards of both Jewish piety and
Hellenistic virtue.

- by Petra Dijkhuizen
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- Gender History, Body in Performance, Maccabean Martyrs
- by Dan Joslyn-Siemiatkoski
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- Midrash, Martyrdom, Maccabean Martyrs, Jewish Martyrdom
- by Jens Kreinath
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- Reception Studies, Early Christianity, Reception History, Maccabean Martyrs
- by David Engels
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- Ancient Sports/Athletics, Seleucid Empire, Jerusalem, Maccabean Martyrs

Reviews: Kirkus (12.2014); Library Journal (2.2015); The Wall Street Journal (3.2015); Marginalia: Los Angeles Review of Books (3.31a.2015); Marginalia: Los Angeles Review of Books (3.31b.2015); The Christian Century (4.2015); Historical Novel Society (5.2015); Patheos (5.29.2015); Choice Reviews (9.2015); Books & Culture (11.2015); Journal of Early Christian Studies (6.2016); Ancient History Magazine (3.2020)

- by Douglas Boin
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- Roman History, Social Identity, Material culture of religion, Religion and Politics
- by Courtney Friesen
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- Greek Tragedy, Philo of Alexandria, Martyrdom, Revenge Tragedy

Josephus never saw 2 Maccabees, but he did hear of 4 Maccabees

- by Etienne Nodet
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- Apocrypha/Pseudepigrapha, Martyrdom, Intertestamental Literature, Maccabean Martyrs

García García, E. M. (2019): “La familia de los Macabeos: ¿un martillo contra la helenización?”. El Olivo, 38 (89-90), pp. 129-154.

- by Tessa Rajak
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- Classical Archaeology, Classics, Greek Literature, Greek History
- by Travis Reems
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- Theology, Hebrew Bible, Biblical Studies, Intertestamental Literature

Does the Gospel of John portray Jesus’ death as an atoning sacrifice? This paper offers a new approach to the revelation vs. sacrifice impasse in scholarship, arguing that Jesus’ atoning death in John should be understood with reference to the non-cultic atoning deaths of the Jewish martyrdom traditions. After critically engaging scholar- ship, I contextualize John within post-biblical debates regarding sacrificial martyrdom, focusing on the competing reconfigurations of non-cultic atonement in the Maccabean literature. I subsequently show how Jesus’ atoning martyrdom reveals his anti-violent way of the cross as the true martyrdom and atoning sacrifice accepted by God, thereby resolving key tensions within Johannine scholarship. I then demonstrate how this vision of atonement addresses John’s understanding of sin as ignorance and addresses an audience itself facing threats of martyrdom (John 16:2). I conclude with some reflections on how John’s vision of atonement critically differs from later theological theories, particularly penal substitution.

- by Jason J. Ripley
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- The Atonement, Martyrdom, Gospel of John, Maccabean Martyrs
- by Dan Joslyn-Siemiatkoski
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- Postcolonial Studies, Hybridity, Erasmus, Cult of Saints
- by Peter Schäfer
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- Classics, Hellenistic Literature, Jewish Studies, Hellenistic Philosophy

Recollecting the Maccabees in the age of the Chalcedonian controversy (451-520): some remarks on the interests at stake in a disputed celebration A t first glance, the memory o f Maccabees does not seem to be one o f the most used biblical refe rences in the church struggle after Chalcedon. Nevertheless, its polysemy offers many possibilities and paves the way fo r linking the ideological meaning o f the theme to the development o f Antioch as a major protagonist in the ecclesiastical conflict. A t the beginning o f the sixth century, it becomes a means o f proclaiming that this city plays an increasing role, relegating Alexandria to the background in the so-called monophysite controversy, thanks especially to its archbishop Severus. The memory o f Maccabees was also used fo r challenging the interference ofpolitical power, fo r which Anastasius had to be blamed from the Chalcedonian point o f view. Later, that recollection is made the most o f in the Constantinopolitan context, in order to support the idea that the new capital, particularly on monastic grounds, is an actual heir o f Antioch and exponent o f the Eastern christianity. Therefore, recollecting the Maccabees was an appropriate means fo r issueing denial or support to the claims o f the antagonists involved in a fierce Christological dispute, even fo r the Roman party, though this one had more difficulties in admitting that a creed which had been condemned once andfor all by Leo and Chalcedon could powerfully recover attraction.

- by Philippe Blaudeau
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- Christology, Late Antiquity, Maccabean Martyrs, Ancient Antioch

Hrvatskoglagoljske Makabejske knjige potvrđene u brojnim rukopisima i tiskovinama iz razdoblja od početka 14. do polovice 16. stoljeća predstavljaju značajan i i nezaobilazan izvor za rekonstrukciju hrvatskoglagoljske Biblije. U ovoj knjizi obrađene su, i iz različitih metodoloških motrišta predočene i kritički objavljene hrvatskoglagoljske Knjige o Makabejcima.
Old Testament Books of the Maccabees were not included in the original Old Church Slavonic translation of the Bible, as described in Žitije Metodovo (Hagiography of Methodius). However, Croatian Glagolitic liturgical books dating from the 14th to mid-16th century, based on liturgical templates of the Western Church and Latin breviaries and missals, contain lessons from the First and Second Books of the Maccabees. The Books of the Maccabees were translated from Latin to Croatian Church Slavonic by Glagolitic priests, who were connoisseurs of the Croatian Glagolitic biblical literary tradition. The Croatian Glagolitic translations of the Books of the Maccabees represent authentic translation works on several philological levels – literary, historical, textual and stylistic – and they are valuable and indispensable sources for studying and reconstructing the Croatian Glagolitic Bible.

In 2 Maccabees 1–7, Seth Ehorn provides a foundational analysis of the Greek text of 2 Maccabees. The analysis is distinguished by the detailed yet comprehensive attention paid to the text. Ehorn’s analysis is a convenient pedagogical and reference tool that explains the form and syntax of the biblical text, offers guidance for deciding between competing semantic analyses, engages important text-critical debates, and addresses questions relating to the Greek text that are frequently overlooked by standard commentaries. Beyond serving as a succinct and accessible analytic key, 2 Maccabees 1–7 also reflects recent advances in scholarship on Greek grammar and linguistics and is informed by current discussions within Septuagint studies. These handbooks prove themselves indispensable tools for anyone committed to a deep reading of the Greek text of the Septuagint.

- by Ani Shahinian
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- Testimony, Maccabean Martyrs, Late Medieval History, Witnessing
- by Albert I. Baumgarten
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- Ancient History, Classics, Jewish Studies, Second Temple Judaism
- by John Moore
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- Biblical Studies, Septuagint, Apocrypha/Pseudepigrapha, Martyrdom

The article presents the place of martyrdom of both the seven Maccabean brothers and their mother, and the adoration of them according to the Bishop Augustine of Hippo. The worship developed in the 4th century and it also reached Africa. However, it demanded justification, due to the Old Testament character of the revered people. The Bishop provided an opportunity to present the essence of Christian martyrdom and loyalty to Christ and His people, to emphasize the value of the testimony and its authenticity. He also encouraged to polemics with Judaism and some of the pagan practices which were sometimes taken also by the Christians.

- by Wojciech Kamczyk
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- Cult of Saints, Augustine of Hippo, Maccabean Martyrs, Old Testament Exegesis
- by Bryan Dyer
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- Maccabean Martyrs, Epistle of James