Partial Least Squares Research Papers (original) (raw)

The authors propose a CTA-PLS assessment routine for measurement models. This routine applies confirmatory tetrad analysis (CTA) in a manner which is consistentwith partial least squares (PLS) pathmodeling assumptions. The... more

The authors propose a CTA-PLS assessment routine for measurement models. This routine applies confirmatory tetrad analysis (CTA) in a manner which is consistentwith partial least squares (PLS) pathmodeling assumptions. The conceptualization employs a bootstrapping procedure to accomplish an appropriate statistical test examining vanishing tetrads in CTA-PLS. The approach allows distinguishing a formative indicator specification from a reflective indicator specification. Applications using experimental and empirical data demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of CTA-PLS. As a means of evaluating PLS path modeling results, the routine assists researchers in avoiding potentially unrepresentative consequences of measurement model misspecification.

When estimating moderating effects in partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), researchers can choose from a variety of approaches to model the influence of a moderator on a relationship between two constructs by... more

When estimating moderating effects in partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), researchers can choose from a variety of approaches to model the influence of a moderator on a relationship between two constructs by generating different interaction terms. While prior research has evaluated the efficacy of these approaches in the context of PLS-SEM, the impact of different data treatment options on their performance in the context of standard PLS-SEM and consistent PLS-SEM (PLSc-SEM) is as yet unexplored. Our simulation study addresses these limitations and explores if the choice of approach and data treatment option has a pronounced impact on the methods’ parameter recovery. An empirical application substantiates these findings. Based on our results, we offer recommendations for researchers wishing to estimate moderating effects by means of PLS-SEM and PLSc-SEM.

For many authors the adoption of management control by companies is justified by the positive correlation between the implementation of this system and the increase of the organizational performance of the company. In Morocco, a single... more

For many authors the adoption of management control by companies is justified by the positive correlation between the implementation of this system and the increase of the organizational performance of the company. In Morocco, a single study focused on understanding the determinants of the choice of implementation of management control in the Moroccan context (Ahsina K., 2012), that is why we had the idea of developing a conceptual model adapted to Moroccan public hospitals. As a result, our problem is as follows: What is the impact of the determinants of management control on the organizational performance of the Moroccan public hospital ? This article presents, in a first point a review of the literature and the formulation of research hypotheses, in a second point the research methodology and in a last point the results of the descriptive analysis of the research. Résumé: Pour plusieurs auteurs l'adoption du contrôle de gestion par les entreprises est justifiée par la corrélation positive entre la mise en place de ce système et l'augmentation de la performance organisationnelle de l'entreprise. Au Maroc, une seule étude s'est intéressée à la compréhension des déterminants des choix de la mise en place du contrôle de gestion dans le contexte Marocain (Ahsina K., 2012), c'est pourquoi nous avons eu l'idée de développer un modèle conceptuel adapté aux hôpitaux publics Marocains.

The notions of dynamic capabilities, intellectual capital, and innovation performance have been examined in many competitive advantage scholarly papers. However, there have been small numbers of management studies that consider the link... more

The notions of dynamic capabilities, intellectual capital, and innovation performance have been examined in many
competitive advantage scholarly papers. However, there have been small numbers of management studies that consider the link
of dynamic capabilities and intellectual capital in respect of innovation performance. Previous studies tend to argue that dynamic
capabilities played a mediator or moderator role on intellectual capital and innovation performance linkage. Therefore, this study
seeks to propose a new perspective that dynamic capabilities are the antecedents of intellectual capital leading to innovation
performance. Thus, the rationale for this study is to propose a conceptual model and to provide empirical support on the mediator
role of intellectual capital in dynamic capabilities and innovation performance linkage. By using accidental and snowballs
sampling techniques, this study distributed questionnaires to 297 small and medium enterprises of the garment manufacturing
in Indonesia. Partial least square offers the main statistics methodology for data analysis. Results show that dynamic capabilities
had a significant influence on intellectual capital and innovation performance. Moreover, intellectual capital partially mediated
dynamic capabilities’ influence on innovation performance. Therefore, it is expected that organisations should grow, implement
and maintain their dynamic capabilities in order to improve their intellectual capital and innovation outcomes. Lastly, some
future studies are suggested.

We developed a model of the adoption of business process outsourcing (BPO) based on risk–benefit analysis. The model was tested in the German banking industry in four areas of transaction processing. Our results showed that, in general,... more

We developed a model of the adoption of business process outsourcing (BPO) based on risk–benefit analysis. The model was tested in the German banking industry in four areas of transaction processing. Our results showed that, in general, perceived BPO benefits have a substantially stronger impact on intention to increase the level of BPO than perceived risks. However, the experience that banks have with the BPO process, [whether already decided on BPO (Pro), still in the pre-decision phase (Neutral), or opted against BPO (Contra)], moderated the impact of factors affecting the perceived risks and benefits of BPO. Banks that opted for BPO were mostly driven by a desire to focus on their core business while considering financial risks. Banks in the neutral position had the most balanced view of risks and benefits, mainly financial and performance ones, and also focusing on the core business and increased business process performance. Those banks that decided against BPO mostly focused on benefits while the perceived risks were mostly formed by strategic and performance risks rather than financial ones. The results point out the path dependencies of the BPO decision.

This paper investigates the nexus of military expenditures and inequality and profits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic quantitative study about the relationships between these three variables as a whole. The... more

This paper investigates the nexus of military expenditures and inequality and profits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic quantitative study about the relationships between these three variables as a whole. The effects of military expenditures on economic growth are examined in many studies. Dunne and Uye (2010) review hundreds of such papers. Some other works focus on the relationship between military expenditures and profits (Elveren and Hsu 2015). There are also studies explaining the relationship between military expenditures and income inequality (Ali 2007; Töngür and Elveren 2016). This Threevariate setting of MIP is quite important since it provides a better picture of the internal relationships of the dependent variables together with their respective explanatory blocks of variables. We treat military expenditures, inequality and profit as three latent variables in an inner model and employ their corresponding blocks of factors as manifest variables in an outer model. The approach, we follow in this paper is the non-parametric technique of Partial Least Squares Path Modelling (PLS-PM) which is formulated first by Wold (1975). It is a soft modelling technique, which is particularly useful when the theoretical foundation of the problem, such as in the Threevariate setting, is scarce, measurements are not well-defined and the empirical distributions of the dependent variables are not clear. The study finds out the variables, which are statistically important in the modelling. The findings of the general pooled analysis, based on 21 countries for the period of 1988-2008 suggest that while military expenditures have a negative effect on income (inequality), and income (inequality) has a negative impact on profit rates, military expenditures have (relatively small) positive effect on profit rates. However, these results remarkably change once unobserved heterogeneity is considered. Accordingly, based on four segments, although the negative effect of income (inequality) on profits remains the same for each segment, for some segments the effect of military expenditures on income (inequality) and on profit rates become positive.

PLS univariate regression is a model linking a dependent variable y to a set X = {x1 ;:::; xp} of (numerical or categorical) explanatory variables. It can be obtained as a series of simple and multiple regressions. By taking advantage... more

PLS univariate regression is a model linking a dependent variable y to a set X = {x1 ;:::; xp} of (numerical or categorical) explanatory variables. It can be obtained as a series of simple and multiple regressions. By taking advantage from the statistical tests associated with linear regression, it is feasible to select the signi6cant explanatory variables to include in

This paper presents a methodology that eliminates multicollinearity of the predictors variables in supervised classification by transforming the predictor variables into orthogonal components obtained from the application of Partial Least... more

This paper presents a methodology that eliminates multicollinearity of the predictors variables in supervised classification by transforming the predictor variables into orthogonal components obtained from the application of Partial Least Squares (PLS) Logistic Regression. The PLS logistic regression was developed by Bastien, Esposito-Vinzi, and Tenenhaus [1]. We apply the techniques of supervised classification on data, based on the original variables and data based on the PLS components. The error rates are calculated and the results compared. The implementation of the methodology of classification is rests upon the development of computer programs written in the R language to make possible the calculation of PLS components and error rates of classification. The impact of this research will be disseminated, based on evidence that the methodology of Partial Least Squares Logistic Regression, is fundamental when working in a supervised classification with data of many predictors variables.

This paper presents an analysis of the effects of management commitment and organization of work teams in the benefits of implementing Kaizen in industrial enterprises during planning stages. To gather information, 200 questionnaires were... more

This paper presents an analysis of the effects of management commitment and organization of work teams in the benefits of implementing Kaizen in industrial enterprises during planning stages. To gather information, 200 questionnaires were applied to 68 companies distributed in the states of Tabasco, Sinaloa and Chihuahua in Mexico and in the province of Camagüey, Cuba. We used the methodology of least partial squares with the WarpPLS 4.0 software to develop a model of structural equations that explains such effects. The results show that when there is a high level of managerial commitment, this impacts the profits and competitiveness of companies positively. We also found that the organization of work teams has positive impacts on competitive benefits and these, in turn, on economic benefits. As a result of this study, we present the impact of certain critical success factors of Kaizen on the benefits of its implementation, which is a key factor in its sustainability over time.