Spanish archaeology Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

- by Joaquín L Gómez-Pantoja and +1
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- Epigraphy (Archaeology), Historiography, Latin Epigraphy, Spanish archaeology

Digitized collection of public domain works on numismatics of Spain and Portugal Colección digitalizada de obras de dominio público en la numismática de España y Portugal Coleção digitalizada de domínio público funciona em numismática da... more

Digitized collection of public domain works on numismatics of Spain and Portugal
Colección digitalizada de obras de dominio público en la numismática de España y Portugal
Coleção digitalizada de domínio público funciona em numismática da Espanha e Portugal

- by Alfonso Fanjul Peraza
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- Spanish archaeology

Moya-Maleno, P.R. (2006): “García y Bellido y la Arqueología del Campo de Montiel (Ciudad Real-Albacete): aproximación historiográfica”, en P.R. Moya (Ed.): Antonio García y Bellido. 1903-2003. Asgarbe. Villanueva de los Infantes. ISBN:... more

- by Pedro R. Moya-Maleno
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- Historiography, Spanish archaeology, Campo De Montiel

La arqueología histórica se ha centrado en el estudio del mundo moderno. El proyecto de investigación “Arqueología e Historia en la colonia española de Floridablanca” analiza una de las diversas trayectorias que siguió la conformación de la modernidad, en un contexto social particular, distante de los centros de poder político y económico de fines del siglo XVIII. Esta perspectiva genera alternativas y cuestiona los discursos homogeneizantes que explican a la expansión europea y la consolidación global del sistema capitalista como un proceso único o unilineal para todo ámbito geográfico y cultural. Así, nuevos trazos de heterogeneidad y particularismo se incorporan en el mapa del mundo moderno.
El libro se centra en el análisis histórico y arqueológico de la Nueva Colonia y Fuerte de Floridablanca que funcionó entre 1780 y 1784 en la Bahía de San Julián. El enclave formó parte del proyecto de poblamiento de la Costa Patagónica de la España Ilustrada en época de Carlos III. Las investigaciones del proyecto “Arqueología e Historia en la colonia española de Floridablanca” se orientan a comprender la creación, reproducción y transformación del orden social ensayado en Floridablanca. Para ello se estudia la relación entre los discursos que subyacen al plan de poblamiento y las prácticas sociales de los individuos que vivieron en la colonia, tanto en su dimensión escrita como material. Se articula el análisis histórico de documentos, las intervenciones arqueológicas y los estudios geofísicos realizados en el sitio. Este aborda- je necesariamente implica una perspectiva interdisciplinaria.

This paper presents for the first time a significant group of archaeological remains coming from the site named Los Concejiles (Lobón, Spain). All of them are surface findings where stand out the Late Bronze typical «Lapa do Fumo» pottery. Such type of hand-made pottery with polish external decoration makes a clear relationship with both the Beira Interior and Alentejo regions of Portugal during the Late Bronze Age. Furthermore, it is shown an interesting set of little bronzes (fibulae, tools, wheigts…) in which we can see the same cultural connections. The site is a big hill-spur from where is possible to take a great territorial control over the Guadiana and his valley. Similar archaeological Late Bronze items have been located in adjoining little plane sites. So, Los Concejiles can be considered a Central Place into the Late Bronze territorial ordering along the river.

"[ES]: Se revisa la información disponible sobre los itinerarios de época romana a través de la Cordillera Cantábrica entre las actuales provincias de Asturias y León. El objetivo es cuestionar estos datos a la luz de recientes aportaciones sobre las características técnicas de las vías romanas, apostando así por introducir en las narrativas arqueológicas la mayor concreción que aporta el uso adecuado de los términos técnicos e ingenieriles relacionados con el viario romano en el caso concreto que nos ocupa. De este modo, podremos evaluar en mejor medida el grado de integración de la Asturia transmontana en la realidad administrativa y sociopolítica del Imperio romano.
[EN]: The available information of the Roman ways across the Cantabrian Mountains is checked, between the present-day provinces of Asturias and León. The aim is to question this information in the light of recent contributions of the technical characteristics of the Roman ways. We bet for introducing in the archaeological narratives a bigger concretion that provides the suitable use of the technical terms related to the Roman system of communications in our case of study. Thus, we will be able to assess the degree of integration of the Asturia transmontana in the administrative and socio-political reality of the Roman Empire."

- by David González-Álvarez
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- History, Ancient History, Archaeology, Classical Archaeology

This book, presented during the 2nd Conference of Archaeology in Extremadura (Mérida 2001), is a wide compilation of all the archaeological bibliography concerning this Spanish region published until the end of the 20th century. It includes more than 3500 titles that are briefly commented by a group of Extremenian archaeologists which have dedicate more than ten years to conclude this work. A complete amount of index, sited at the end of the volume, favours the searches and allows many historic and bibliometric approaches.

- by Javier JIMÉNEZ ÁVILA
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- Archaeology, Bibliography, Medieval Archaeology, Spanish archaeology
- by David González-Álvarez and +2
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- Archaeology, Archaeological Method & Theory, Nationalism, National Identity
- by Mayra Valenciano Prieto and +1
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- Spanish archaeology, Spanish numismatics (XVI-XVII Century)

DVD containing the Proceedings of the 6th Meeting of Southwestern Iberian Archaeology held in Villafranca de los Barros (Spain) in October 2012. These meetings are celebrated since 1993 with assistance of Spanish a and Portuguese archaeologists working in the Southwestern peninsula. Proceedings include 95 papers from the Palaeolithic to the Modern Age Archaeology with a Varia section that includes items on museology, heritage, etc. The DVD is complemented by picture galleries from the congress, videos of local TV channel with news of the meeting and others.

- by Javier JIMÉNEZ ÁVILA
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- Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, Late Antiquity, Neolithic Archaeology

In the 2019 Numismatic Chronicle, two of us published a comparative isotopic analysis of the struck lead from Minturnae and the grandes plomos monetiformes of Ulterior Baetica. We showed that the Italians exploited the coastal mines at Cartagena-Mazzarón before those of the Sierra Morena. We also used epigraphic evidence to identify gentes present in both Minturnae and Hispania, and to show that Minturnae was one of the first cities to exploit the Spanish Silver/lead mines soon after the Second Punic War. In our new paper, we expand our horizon to a number of aspects of the mines of the Baetican interior, and the organisation and areas of influence of the large-scale anonymous societates that exploited them. We first briefly review current ideas about the status and nature of the mining societates of the interior. We then consider further the identification of C·SAM, whom we had identified as one of the signatories of a group of lead pieces struck in Minturnae, which were in all probability made by a societas involved in the Spanish lead trade. This leads to a proposed new reading of a text from Pliny regarding what we now show to be a societas Samiarianensis, with a probable link to Minturnae. Our main focus, however, is on assembling and considering the physical evidence for the operations of the mining societates of the interior, which includes objects marked with the names of societates, two large groups of coins, and lead seals, including one in the name of the city of Corduba. We aim to provide as complete a picture as possible, as a contribution to future research. We also review the relationship of the Italo-Baetican grandes plomos monetiformes to the mines.

- by Clive Stannard and +3
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- Latin Epigraphy, Spanish archaeology, Archaeology of Roman Hispania, Roman numismatics and archaeology

RESUMEN: Están documentados desde tiempos del naturalista francés Henri Breuil varios abrigos con arte rupestre esquemático en la sierra de Hornachos. A día de hoy siguen apareciendo nuevos yacimientos por toda la sierra con una gran variedad de motivos esquemáticos, generalmente encuadrados en el periodo calcolítico. Presentamos un nuevo abrigo con motivos zoomorfos, antropomorfos, esteliformes, y curiosas figuras seminaturalistas.
ABSTRACT: Since the period of French naturalist Henri Breuil, several shelters with schematic rock art from Hornachos Mountain are documented. Nowadays, new registers are still emerging, from across this area, presenting a large diversity of schematics paintings usually from the chalcolithic period. In this work we present a new register with zoomorphic, anthropomorphic and steliforms motifs as well as some interesting seminaturalist figures.
RESUMO: Desde os tempos do naturalista francês Henri Breuil que vários abrigos rupestres esquemáticos, da serra de Hornachos, se encontram documentados. Hoje em dia continuam a aparecer novos registos, por toda a serra, com uma grande diversidade de motivos esquemáticos, normalmente enquadrados no periodo calcolítico. Apresentamos um novo registo com motivos zoomórficos, antropomórficos, esteliformes e ainda interessantes figuras seminaturalistas.

- by Christopher Moore
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- Archaeology, Anthropology, Historical Archaeology, Colonialism
- by Rafael Blanco-Guzmán
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- Medieval History, Urban History, Medieval urban history, Medieval Islam

Julio Martínez Santa-Olalla (1905-1972), the Spanish Commissioner General of Archaeological Excavations (1939-1956) and acting Full Professor of Primitive History of Man at the University of Madrid (1939-1954), was an amateur archaeologist since he was very young. After studying at the universities of Madrid, Barcelona and Valladolid (1923-26), Santa-Olalla obtained a position as a lecturer at the University of Bonn (Germany) between 1927 and 1931. He defended his doctoral thesis in Spain (1932) and became Hugo Obermaier’s assistant (1931-32), Assistant Professor (1932-36), secretary of the Spanish Society of Anthropology, Ethnography and Prehistory (1935) and Full Professor of Archaeology at the University of Santiago de Compostela (1936). This enabled him to join the Association of Portuguese Archaeologists in 1934 and the Portuguese Society of Anthropology and Ethnology in 1938. In 1944, 1945 and 1947 he visited Portugal, lecturing in Lisbon, Coimbra and Oporto, but was unable to undertake other trips planned for 1945 and 1948. His correspondence shows that he maintained relations with the leading Portuguese archaeologists of the time, although he kept a more distant relationship with Veiga Ferreira. He had a special interest in the Chalcolithic and Late Bronze Age phases of Portuguese archaeology.
Keywords : History of Archaeology, Iberian Peninsula, Martínez Santa-Olalla, Mário Cardozo, A. A. Mendes Corrêa, Eugénio Jalhay, Afonso
do Paço,J. R. dos Santos Júnior, Virgínia Rau, Abel Viana, O. da Veiga Ferreira, Vila Nova de São Pedro

As a reaction against the so-called “Mercantile pattern”, the traditional explanation for the Phoenician colonization in the Iberian Peninsula, in recent times a series of interpretative alternate theories have been suggested. They can be ordained in two main groups: The first one arises around the idea of the agricultural colonization, born in the 1980s, and it has evolved and been changed from then. The second, dealt with the colonial phenomenon from the study of the Aristocratic Societies of the Orientalizing Mediterranean. From the study of some significant archaeological evidences such as the jars of red slip ware, the sets of ritual bronze vessels or the burial architecture, some approaches to the relationship between the archaeological reality and these interpretative currents are tried.

This paper proposes a new interpretation of the famous fourth century A.D. mosaic of the “Seven Sages” and the “Anger of Achilles”. Discovered in Merida in 1982, this mosaic was previously analyzed and interpreted by J.M. Aharez Martinez and M.-H. Quet. The occurrence of these two iconographic themes in one mosaic tends the author to compare the description of the “Anger of Achilles” in the first book of the Iliad with the maxims of the Seven Sages of Greece. The study of both written and iconographic sources shows that he image of the “Anger of Achilles” evokes allusively the moral precepts of the Seven Sages. The mosaic constitutes therefore an example of the practical use of “artificiosa memoria “.

- by Joaquín L Gómez-Pantoja
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- Ancient History, Classics, Roman Historiography, Historiography

Far from being two distinct and distant spheres, play and ritual had blurred boundaries in antiquity, when they may have sometimes overlapped. In light of recent attention to toys in the ancient Mediterranean, this article reconsiders a remarkable yet fragmentary nude standing female figure with articulated arms from the excavations by the German Archaeological Institute in the so-called Magon Quarter at Carthage. It provides a detailed analysis of this terracotta figurine and its find-context, but it also assesses various hypotheses on its original use by considering similar artefacts in ancient and contemporary societies. Through this investigation, dolls emerge as objects whose use was not merely limited to children and play, but it could have been extended to adults and ritual, especially in those cases when a possible divine iconography was portrayed.

- by Adriano Orsingher and +1
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- Archaeology, Classical Archaeology, Phoenicians, Levantine Archaeology

The economic importance of raw material exploitation, especially metal mining, for communities in antiquity has long since been addressed. Only during recent decades, however, have scholars increasingly focused the material remains. These include not only the primary mining remains, such as underground workings, process residues and installations for beneficiation, but also habitational sites and infrastructural remains that emerged in the course of exploitation. The intention of this panel at the 19th International Congress for Classical Archaeology was to provide an insight on existing and emerging research on landscapes that were distinctly transformed by mining. It aimed furthermore at discussing how mining could affect not only the natural but also the cultural landscape. By focusing on select case studies, the intention was to identify the material characteristics of such areas, to highlight and explain differences and to discuss possible recurring infrastructural and organisational patterns.

- by Frank Hulek and +1
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- Ancient History, Archaeology, Classical Archaeology, Classics
- by Sonia Gutiérrez Lloret
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- Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, Medieval Archaeology, Spanish archaeology
- by Joaquín L Gómez-Pantoja
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- Ancient History, Classical Archaeology, Classics, Roman Religion

García Atiénzar, Gabriel, Barciela González, Virginia, Santos da Rosa, Neemias and Díaz-Andreu García, Margarita 2022. Modelizando el paisaje: iconografía y percepción visual y sonora en el arte rupestre macroesquemático. Virtual Archaeology Review 13 (27): https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/var/article/view/16998.
Resumen: El análisis de la distribución espacial de los abrigos con arte rupestre y su relación con la creación de paisajes sociales por parte de sociedades prehistóricas se ha planteado desde diferentes perspectivas desde los años ochenta del siglo XX. Estas aproximaciones se han centrado en averiguar de qué modo estos conjuntos artísticos ofrecen claves sobre cómo se vertebraron los paisajes. Desde hace dos décadas, estas aproximaciones se han realizado a través de herramientas derivadas de los Sistemas de Información geográfica (SIG), particularmente para analizar y modelizar los patrones de visibilidad. Sin embargo, las diferentes modelizaciones han llevado a resultados, en ocasiones, contradictorios. Como medio para ahondar en estas y otras cuestiones, en este trabajo nos centraremos en el arte rupestre macroesquemático (ARM) a través de diferentes escalas de análisis. La primera analiza, desde un punto de vista iconográfico, los diferentes motivos. La segunda escala presta atención a la distribución espacial de estos motivos, así como su concentración en determinados sitios. Por último, la tercera escala modeliza la percepción visual y sonora a través del empleo de diferentes herramientas SIG. En este punto se realiza una evaluación crítica, tanto de las bases cartográficas como de los procedimientos empleados en la modelización de los paisajes visuales y sonoros. La concatenación de estas unidades de análisis permite aproximarnos a la articulación social del paisaje neolítico a partir de un fenómeno artístico tan concreto y particular como es el ARM.

The International Symposium Purpureae Vestes VII “Redefining textile handcraft. Structures, tools and production processes” took place at the University of Granada (Spain) over the 2-4 october 2019. Almost 120 specialists on ancient textiles coming from different scientific institutions in 20 countries presented the results of their recent investigations through 50 communications and 35 posters. There were interesting discussions in the eight sessions in which the Congress was divided and on the last day participants could visit the wonderful archaeological and monumental ensemble of “La Alhambra de Granada”, World Heritage.
The Symposium had the financial support from the University of Granada (Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Grupo de Investigación GAECATAO/HUM 296) and the Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), in the framework of the Plan de Excelencia, Consolidación y Apoyo a las Universidades Andaluzas. PECA 2018, it also had the logistical support from the universities of Valencia (Spain) and Salento (Italy).

- by Javier JIMÉNEZ ÁVILA and +1
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- Archaeology, Classical Archaeology, Prehistoric Archaeology, Egyptian Archaeology

Excavations in the Western Flank of the surrounding external area of Cancho Roano main building. The archaeological works (1988-1992) evidenced the same disposition of 6 aligned rooms tested in the Northern Area excavations. The new rooms were full on archaeological disposed fits too: amphorae, pottery, bronze and iron objects… emphasizing many remains that can be linked with textile activity (looms, bobbins…) and, by other side, a bronze sculpture of a horse. A religious purpose is proposed for this area included in a multifunctional (political and religious) interpretation for this Iron Age site.

Pero lo que sí es claro es que, un recorrido por estos fragmentos históricos de la muralla permitirá comprender el desarrollo histórico y urbanístico que ha tenido la ciudad desde su fundación a mediados del siglo IX por el emir Muhammad I. Gran parte de la muralla original arabe ha desaparecido junto con todas sus puertas, otros fragmentos se encuentran ocultos adyacentes a las actuales manzanas de las casas de la parte histórica de la ciudad, o en el interior de edificios modernos y patios.
La presencia de estos fragmentos desde su fundación hasta la actualidad ha determinado y condicionado la estructura urbanística de Madrid un ejemplo de esto podría darse con el trazado de las calles, las manzanas y nombres de estas, que aún hoy en día existen y caracterizan a la capital española.

"In 2005, a fully backfilled 19.4 metres deep water well was found inside the Menga dolmen, causing an enormous surprise among the scientific community, as there was no knowledge of the existence of such structure, which is unparalleled. In this paper, the chronology of the infill of this well is investigated. First, we describe the early steps in the investigation of this megalithic monument in the 19th century, when
references to this well were made which were then forgotten throughout the 20th century. Next, we describe the stratigraphy and associated finds of the well and present the results of a Bayesian modelling of 14
radiocarbon dates obtained from short-lived samples (animal bones retrieved from within its infill). This evidence sets the ground for the discussion of a fairly robust hypothesis regarding the temporality of the
well’s backfilling process, which took place in the 18th century CE, as well as some informed speculations regarding the circumstances that may have led to it."

In this article I agree with those who see shamanism as a religious technique rather than a type of religion. As a religious technique the similarities in shamanic religious practices all over the world " can be seen as deriving from the ways in which the human nervous system behaves in altered states" (Clottes – Lewis-Williams 1998: 19). However, I am highly suspicious of anthropological generalisations linking this technique with a particular kind of ritual specialist and a specific cosmological understanding. I propose that the inflexibility of the typological method in evolutionary and culture-historical research led to a lack of awareness of the sheer diversity of religions and religious practices within hunter-gatherers and early fanning communities. Only recently has this inflexibility been challenged, but there is still a lot of critical thinking to be done on the accuracy of the basis of the anthropological study of religion. Those who work on past religious are, therefore, poorly equipped to undertake studies on prehistoric religious beliefs, and are even less prepared—I would say that we are not prepared at all—to be able to specify the type of religion the prehistoric groups we are studying had. The lack of ethnographic sources is an insuperable impediment.
The likelihood of the neuropsychological method on its own providing a competent reading of prehistoric art. A comparison between Levantine and South African art has shown how the lack of ethnographic sources for the former prevents us from being sure that the shamanic interpretation fits better than alternative readings. On its own the neuropsychological method is not accurate enough either to distinguish between real cntoptics and abstract motifs which happen to resemble the visions people see in the first stage of altered state of consciousness. Neither can it be deployed to decide whether figurative images such as composite animal-human motifs represent hallucinations of third stage of trance or just someone in a festival attire. Notwithstanding my critique, I do not discount that communities who produced the Levantine paintings used trance as a religious technique. It is a possibility that, unfortunately, with the available data archaeologists are not in the position to either confirm or deny. A claim for a best-fit explanation regarding the shamanic hypothesis for Levantine art simply cannot be justified. Nor is it, I believe, in the case of Upper Palaeolithic art.

Proceedings of the second scientific meeting Sidereum Ana (Mérida, May 2008) dedicated to the Late Bronze Age along the Guadiana Valley. Many important sites such Alarcos, Medellín or Ratinhos with several novelties are treated. Contributions on14-C chronology, Iberian stelae, gold jewellery, fortifications, mining and metallurgy and other typical topics for this period are included. Novelties around an important plane settlement occupying extensive country areas so in Spain like in Portugal are presented too.

The Regional Prehistoric Museum of Merida (Praemerita) is one of the most important museographic collections for the Extremenian Prehistory. It was formed by a group of local outsiders by over 30 years and then donated to the Ayuntamiento (town council) in the 90's. This Collection is integrated for more than 1000 archaeological pieces coming from surface findings in important regional sites, both of Prehistoric and Protohistoric times. Last years, the Regional Museum has been subject of a Research Project in which have collaborated many scientific and social Institutions. In addition to the elaboration of a new data base inventory and other scientific activities, the project have been concluded with a new public installation of the Museum after a few years of closing.